Organised
ABOUT PURNIA DISTRICT
The district of Purnia, as it existed in 1951 with an area of 12784.64 sq. km. and a population of 25,25,231 has been pre-eminently an agricultural district.After separating the Katihar District, the area of Purnia District was 7943 sq. km. and accounts for 4.56 % of the state area. In the year 1990 , the district was split two more districts namely Araria and Kishanganj. Now the present area of the Purnia District is 3202.31 sq. kms. , Bordering Araria district in north, Katihar and
One may access Purnia District using Road & Train services . The district is connected with
Population & Literacy 
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The total population of the district as per 1991 census is 18,78,885 of which male and female populations are 9,87,241 and 8,91,644 respectively. The district has 2,34,478 (Male = 1,21,271 & Female = 1,13,207) of Scheduled Caste population and 82,145 (Male = 42596 & Female = 39549) of Scheduled Tribe population. The population under age group 0-6 is 404360 (Male = 205818 & Female = 198542) . The literacy rate of the district is 28.52 % (Male = 38.92 % & Female = 16.8 %) . The sex ratio is 903 (903 females per 1000 males) .The district now consists 4 sub divisions, 14 Blocks, 251 Gram Panchayats, 1296 villages, 1 Nagar Parishad & 2 Nagar Panchayats.
Hindi is the main language of the district; however, dialects are in vogue in different parts of the district for day-to-day use. People of Amour and Baisa blocks, speak Surjapuri. In the eastern side of Baisi block people speak Polia. Chhika-Chhiki or Angika is spoken in Rupouli and Bhawanipur and some part of Dhamdaha, K.Nagar and Purnia East Block. In Banmankhi , B.Kothi and some part of Dhamdaha. K.Nagar people speak a mix of Maithili and Chhika-Chhiki. Santhali people speak Santhali. In the east and
The river Kosi and Mahananda and their tributaries crosses different parts of the district. The tributaries are Parman, Kankai, Soura, Faryani etc. These Himalayan originated rivers and tributaries sub-merge with river
The tract of land is plain, however, north and west part is above the south as well as the eastern side of the land of the district.
The district has a moist humid climate. The temperature is highest in May, when mercury shoots up to 45.5 degree Celsius and lowest in January when it is only 8.8 degree Celsius. The Wettest months of the year are July and August. The average annual rainfall in the district is 1411.5 mm which is the highest rainfall in the state of
The soil of the district can be called alluvial or Sandy loam. As the river Kosi popularly known as "River of sorrow" used to flow in the plains of district freely and used to change its course frequently from time to time, the district has the Soil by recent alleviation. The principal crops grown are paddy, Jute, Wheat, Maize, Moong, Masoor, Mustard linseed, Sugar cane and Potato. Jute is the most important and major cash crop of the district. Jute cultivation plays very important role in the economic uplift of the farmer. Paddy occupies the primary position and has got more than 50 % of the gross cropped area. The soil and climate of the district is suitable for fruit plants like coconut, Banana, Mango, Guava, Lemon, Jeck Fruit, Pineapple and banana.
The district of Purnea possesses a larger number of livestock. Green grasses are available throughout the year. Purnea district produces largest number of poultry and eggs in the state of
The district has one Sugar mill at Banmankhi and 716 other small-scale industries. In spite of availability of raw materials and abundance of laborers, no marked improvement has been made in the field of rural and cottage industries.