First let know about “guide wire”. A wire or a spring used as a guide for placement of a larger device or prosthesis, such as a catheter or intramedullary. A device used to enter tight and narrow spaces in the body, blocked valves or channels, within the body or this device also used to assist in inserting, positioning, and moving a catheter. The guide wires are available in different shapes, different size, length, stiffness, composition.
This device is used in hospitals by doctors or surgeons, tiny guide wires are designed to reach the narrow and blocked vessels. Once the tip of the wire gets to the destination than it works as a guide or assists that larger catheters can rapidly follow for easier delivery to the treatment site.
There are some forms that make a guide wire fully workable are their pushability, steerability, torque, and opacity. Where “pushability” is referred to the amount of force that helps to move forward the wire. Second comes “steerability” that refers to the capacity and sensitivity of the wire tip to find the way vessel. The third comes the “torque” is referred to the reaction of the wire to spinning by the doctors while finding the way to the vessels. The last is “opacity” it is the level of transparency of wire under fluoroscopic imaging.
While doing PTCA (percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty) and PTA (percutaneous transluminal angioplasty) workable guide wires are specify to help the position of balloon dilation catheter. PTCA refers to angioplasty execute in the coronary arteries, while PTA submits to angioplasty execute in other arteries.
Guide wires come in two basic variants: one is “Solid steel or nitinol core wires” and the second one is “solid core wire wrapped in a smaller wire coil or braid”. Where coiled or braided wires gives a large amount of flexibility, pushability, and kink resistance. Some of Boston Scientifics’ guide wires use a nitinol tube with micro-cut slots instead of braided wire to improve torque control. To improve torque control some of Boston Scientific’s guide wires uses a nitinol tube with a micro-cut slot instead of braided wires. Nitinol wire, utilized without anyone else's input or interlaced with stainless steel, helps increment adaptability and enables the wire to spring once again into shape in the wake of exploring a convoluted vessel portion.
PTFE (polytetrafluoroethylene) such as silicon, polymer are used to coat wire which increases lubricity that helps to work easily. Hydrophilic coatings are used to reduce friction during operation and for trouble-free movement in winding vessels.