French and Other Revolutions
Western Civ. 2 Ð 12/17/08
Mr. McClelland
(6:55:53 PM) You have just entered room "Chat 2715591561647440725."
MrMacTeacher (7:09:11 PM): ok...I think that's everyone....I'll start (as always) with answers to questions asked in the past
MrMacTeacher (7:09:32 PM): What was the change in government during the French revolution? Review your chart and notes regarding reasons for change and the stages of changes.
MrMacTeacher (7:09:44 PM): Who was Robespierre? He was responsible for killing 20 - 40,000 anti-revolution supporters; led France through the Reign of Terror as a part of the Committee of Public Safety; led France through the Reign of Terror.
MrMacTeacher (7:09:57 PM): What was 'Status quo'? Status quo = keep things the way they are.....no changes.....conservative philosophy
MrMacTeacher (7:10:15 PM): Who was Marie Antoinette? She was the Queen (wife of Louis XVI) beheaded during the revolution.
MrMacTeacher (7:10:49 PM): She was Austrian...didn't like the French...spend lots of money was quoted as saying: "Let them eat cake"
MrMacTeacher (7:10:59 PM): (which is a suggestion that if the poor are starving, they should eat the crust off the inside of the ovens of the rich...not nice!)
MrMacTeacher (7:11:38 PM): Elba and St. Helena = places of exile for Napoleon (in that order)
MrMacTeacher (7:11:50 PM): Waterloo = battle site of Napoleon's final defeat...sent to exile at St. Helena after battle
MrMacTeacher (7:12:01 PM): The Committee of Public Safety was a stage in the revolution in which people were killed for being anti-revolution supporters. This included women and children (20 - 40,000 +).
MrMacTeacher (7:12:15 PM): The first estate was the clergy and made up about .5% of the population. The second estate was the nobility and made up about 1.5% of the population.
MrMacTeacher (7:12:27 PM): The remaining 98% were everyone else. The third estate paid the taxes, but didn't reap the benefits of the other two estates.
MrMacTeacher (7:12:38 PM): There were two issues related to the revolution:
MrMacTeacher (7:12:49 PM): 1) Taxation of the third estate
MrMacTeacher (7:13:02 PM): 2) Breakdown of finances. In other words, the third estate paid the taxes but didn't get the benefits. The first and second estates were upset because there wasn't enough money for road improvements, royal receptions, etc.
MrMacTeacher (7:13:13 PM): Socialists = interested in protecting the workers.....state ownership of the factors of production so that all people get equal shares of the wealth of the country.
MrMacTeacher (7:13:24 PM): Louis XVI = King of France at the outbreak of the revolution...beheaded during the revolution (as was his wife later)
MrMacTeacher (7:13:43 PM): Louis Napoleon = declared himself Napoleon III in 1852
MrMacTeacher (7:16:14 PM): Could you summarize the importance of the Congress of Vienna?
MrMacTeacher (7:16:26 PM): Congress of Vienna = you should remember that they were deciding what to do with the land Napoleon used to control.
MrMacTeacher (7:16:38 PM): They were interested in keeping a balance of power by using the concept of legitimacy to pick Louis XVIII to rule France.
MrMacTeacher (7:16:49 PM): In addition, they organized the German Confederacy to act as a buffer zone between the major powers.
MrMacTeacher (7:17:03 PM): legitimacy = Congress of Vienna used this to determine the "rightful" or "legitimate" leader of France after Napoleon
MrMacTeacher (7:19:17 PM): focus on French Revolution, Congress of Vienna, and the Revolutions of 1848
MrMacTeacher (7:19:28 PM): no essay...sorry
MrMacTeacher (7:19:46 PM): Nationalism = pride and devotion to one's own country...major factor in the Revolutions of 1848 to either encourage split from Austria or consolidation in Italy and the German States
MrMacTeacher (7:21:15 PM): Moscow = failed invasion of Russia by Napoleon...forced to turn back after huge losses...exiled to Elba
MrMacTeacher (7:21:26 PM): Italian revolutionaries tried to unite the kingdoms in Italy. This unification (nationalism) was the goal of all the revolutions of 1830 and 1848.
MrMacTeacher (7:21:38 PM): Guerrilla warfare = hit a run tactics used against Napoleon in Spain. The Russians also used these tactics to go up against his larger forces by hiding behind rocks, trees, etc. and hitting fast then running away.
MrMacTeacher (7:21:48 PM): The Reign of Terror was the one year period under the Committee of Public Safety in which thousands of people were put to death for being against the revolution.
MrMacTeacher (7:22:00 PM): Overall description of Napoleon? About 5'6.5", dark hair, married, Emperor of the French, military leader, etc. Napoleon's system of laws to give all citizens equal rights thought to be his greatest accomplishment
MrMacTeacher (7:22:11 PM): Elba = site of Napoleon's first exile...after the retreat from Russia
MrMacTeacher (7:22:22 PM): Directory = group of five directors...final stage of change in governments during the French Revolution prior to Napoleon
MrMacTeacher (7:22:38 PM): changes in daily life = from your notes: titles to "citizen", plain clothing, revolutionary art, metric system, no slavery
MrMacTeacher (7:22:47 PM): Napoleon's system of laws to give all citizens equal rights thought to be his greatest accomplishment = Napoleonic Codes
MrMacTeacher (7:22:59 PM): changes in government = know the general steps in change. For example, Absolute Monarch (Louis XVI) - National Assembly -Committee of Public Safety - etc.
MrMacTeacher (7:23:11 PM): Napoleonic Codes = unified legal system...series of laws granting more freedom and rights to the general public
MrMacTeacher (7:23:20 PM): sorry....I know some of these questions were repeated, but I'm trying to move fast
MrMacTeacher (7:23:31 PM): The Reign of Terror was an effort to stop anti-revolution people from returning to the old ways. Robespierre headed this effort.
MrMacTeacher (7:23:42 PM): St. Helena = site of final exile after the Battle of Waterloo
MrMacTeacher (7:25:04 PM): ok....I think that's it for last semester's questions and questions from outside the chat room tonight....anything else?
MJ Rodzod2008 (7:25:34 PM): how well do we need to know the 1848 Revolutions
MrMacTeacher (7:25:58 PM): know the issues and results
MrMacTeacher (7:26:57 PM): know that they all failed because they were divided and poorly organized
FooFanatic72 (7:27:05 PM): what were the issues of the Austrian revolution of 1848
MrMacTeacher (7:27:52 PM): Hungary wanted to form a new nation of its own....northern Italy wanted to break away to form the Italy we know today
BtDisaster4 (7:29:00 PM): so, this is everything that will be in the test pretty much right..?
MrMacTeacher (7:29:44 PM): these are the issues; the questions may be more detailed....for example:
MrMacTeacher (7:30:31 PM): by saying "when France sneezes, Europe catches cold", Metternich meant.....?
Pgh ace (7:32:58 PM): that every time France does something, all of Europe has to deal with it
s tefa nie 8195 (7:31:20 PM): will we have to know the ways to stop liberalism?
MrMacTeacher (7:31:59 PM): the focus will be more on socialism, but, in a word, yes
MrMacTeacher (7:33:08 PM): what was the major goal of the revolutions of 1830 and 1848?
MrMacTeacher (7:34:17 PM): answer my question with one word someone
BtDisaster4 (7:34:27 PM): nationalism
MrMacTeacher (7:35:16 PM): review the French government chart....at least one question from that
MrMacTeacher (7:36:45 PM): who would be most likely to support a conservative philosophy?
FooFanatic72 (7:37:02 PM): monarchs
MrMacTeacher (7:37:22 PM): good...anyone in power or doing well under the current government
MrMacTeacher (7:37:46 PM): in France, before the revolution, that would be members of the first and second estates
MrMacTeacher (7:38:08 PM): after which battle did Napoleon retreat from Russia?
crazyalman17 (7:38:47 PM): Moscow
MrMacTeacher (7:41:07 PM): sorry....IMs....Moscow is correct
MrMacTeacher (7:42:08 PM): remember that the congress of Vienna wanted to restore the traditional political and social order in Europe
MrMacTeacher (7:42:33 PM): to do that, they wanted to restore a monarch in France after Napoleon
MrMacTeacher (7:43:12 PM): they also made the German Confederation as a "buffer zone" to keep a balance of power in Europe
MrMacTeacher (7:44:02 PM): French socialists, on the other hand, wanted a government that was more liberal and protected the workers
JUGOALIE (7:44:44 PM): Metternich
MrMacTeacher (7:45:01 PM): led Austria at the Congress of Vienna he hosted
JUGOALIE (7:46:10 PM): what is status quo
MrMacTeacher (7:46:40 PM): status quo = keeping things as they are...few, if any, changes
MrMacTeacher (7:46:15 PM): socialists, though, wanted economic equality and state ownership of the factors of production
MrMacTeacher (7:47:04 PM): Why do Americans like Napoleon?
Pgh ace (7:47:27 PM): he sold the us the Louisiana Purchase
crazyalman17 (7:48:17 PM): what do u want to know for the 3 estates in France
MrMacTeacher (7:49:03 PM): know the three estates and the issues that led to the revolution
MrMacTeacher (7:48:29 PM): make sure you study the stages of government during the French Revolution...at least one question from that
crazyalman17 (7:50:36 PM): what about Napoleonic codes
MrMacTeacher (7:51:23 PM): this brought about a unified legal system in the French Empire....considered Napoleon's greatest achievement
DafNer98 (7:50:45 PM): do we need to know dates?
MrMacTeacher (7:52:03 PM): don't waste time memorizing dates...I will provide references on the test, but the date will not be the focus
MrMacTeacher (7:56:25 PM): I just checked and we reviewed information that covers EVERY question on the test....if you know all of this in detail, you should get a perfect score
MrMacTeacher (7:59:08 PM): gone...have a great night and good luck
