Q2 n The Righteousness of God. Israel's ignorance of it.
o 4. Christ the end of the Law.
n 5-10. The Righteousness of God. Teaching of the Law.
o 11-13. Christ the end of the Law. Witness of the Prophets.
Romans 10)
1 Brethren, my heart's desire and prayer to God for Israel is, for salvation. (The commission.)
2 For I bear them record (see 3:21) that they have a zeal of God, but not according to knowledge. (Hearing and understanding. They refused 1st advent, Prov. 1:7 Isa. 7)
3 For they being ignorant of God's righteousness, and seeking to establish their own righteousness, have not submitted themselves to the righteousness of God. (You cannot acquit yourself.)
4 For Christ (Christ is the Greek translation of Messiah. Christos has the same meaning, from chrio, to anoint) is the end of the law for righteousness to every one that believes. (He fulfilled it, He is the law and lawgiver.)
5 For Moses describes the righteousness which is of the law, That "the man which does those things shall live by them." (Quoted from Lev. 18:5. No one could follow the Law perfectly.)
6 But the righteousness which is of faith speaks on this wise, "Say not in thine heart, Who shall ascend into the heaven?" (See John 3:13. Acts 2:34) (that is, to bring Christ down from above:)
7 Or, "Who shall descend into the deep?" (that is, to bring up Christ again from the dead.)
8 But what says it? "The word is near you, even in your mouth, and in your heart:" (See Deut. 30:11-15. The choice is yours) that is, the word of the faith, which we preach; (Its your choice, its all before you, there's no excuse, He's always with you, you don't have to go to some place.)
9 That if (qualification) you shall confess with your mouth Jesus (Gr. Iesous is the same as Heb. Yehoshua, or the abbreviated form Yeshua, and means Salvation of Yehovah, or Yehovah the Savior) as Lord (Gr. Kurios means owner used of each Person of the Trinity), and shall believe in your heart that God (Gr. Theos corresponds generally to Elohim, the Creator, of the O.T.) raised Him from the dead, you shall be saved. (That's how you work out your acquittal, its in your mouth.)
10 For with the heart (mind, in your mind you have to believe it) it is believed to righteousness; and with the mouth it is confessed to salvation.
11 For the scripture says, "Whosoever believes on Him shall not be ashamed." (Disappointed. Quoted from Isa. 28:16)
12 For there is no difference between the Israeli and the Gentile: for the same Lord over all is rich to all that call upon Him. (He has plenty to spare. He is able, but it is conditional you have to call on Him.)
13 For "whosoever shall call upon the name of the Lord shall be saved." (When antichrist comes. Quoted from Joel 2:32. After that, divine judgment.)
O¹ p 14,15. Israel heard. God vindicated.
q 16. Israel inexcusable.
p 17,18. Israel heard. God vindicated.
q 19-21. Israel inexcusable.
14 How then shall they call on Him in Whom they have not believed? and how shall they believe in Him of Whom they have not heard? and how shall they hear apart from one preaching? (They couldn't!)
15 And how shall they preach, if not they be sent? as it is written, "How beautiful (lit. happening in its time) are the feet of them that preach the gospel of peace, and bring glad tidings of good things!" (To see a good teacher coming is a blessing. Quoted from Isa. 52:7)
16 But they have not all obeyed the gospel (false teachers/preachers). For Isaiah said, "Lord, who believed the hearing of us?" (Quoted from Isa. 53:1)
17 So then faith comes by hearing (with understanding, chapter by chapter and verse by verse, see v.2), and hearing by the word of God. (Christ is the Word)
18 But I say (This verse anticipates the objection that they had not heard), Have they not heard? Yes verily, "their sound went into all the earth, and their words to the ends of the world." (By By the Prophets, Apostles. Quoted from Ps. 19:4. They heard it but didn't understand, it was just sound.)
19 But I say, Did not Israel know? First Moses said, "I will provoke you to jealousy by them that are no people (Gr. ethnos), and by a foolish people (Kenites killed a lot of the prophets) I will anger you." (See Deut. 32:21,&c. song of Moses)
20 But Isaiah is very bold, and says, "I was found of them that sought me not; I was made manifest to them that asked not after me." (See Acts 5:27. Quoted from Isa. 65:1. He has patience.)
21 But to Israel He says, "All day long I have stretched forth My hands (used of a bird expanding its wings, see Ezek. 13:18. There is a reason America is blessed, buts its slipping away) to a disobedient (see 2:8) and gainsaying people." (See Act 2:47, 13:45. Quoted from Isa. 65:2.)