| Country | Sovereign | Born | Acceded | Consort (born) | Heir (born) |
 Austro-Hungarian Empire |  Emperor Franz Joseph I | 18 Aug 1830 | 2 Dec 1848 |  Archduke Franz Ferdinand (1863) | |
 Principality of Liechtenstein |  Prince Johann II | 5 Oct 1840 | 12 Nov 1858 |  Prince Franz (1853) | |
 Principality of Montenegro |  Prince Nikola I | 7 Oct 1841 | 13 Aug 1860 |  Princess Milena (1847) |  Her. Prince Danilo (1871) |
 Kingdom of Greece |  King George I | 24 Dec 1845 | 27 Jun 1863 |  Queen Olga (1851) |  Crown Prince Constantine (1868) |
 Kingdom of Denmark |  King Christian IX | 8 Apr 1818 | 16 Nov 1863 |  Crown Prince Frederik (1843) | |
 Kingdom of Belgium |  King Leopold II | 9 Apr 1835 | 17 Dec 1865 |  Prince Albert (1875) | |
 Kingdom of Romania |  King Carol I | 20 Apr 1839 | 20 Apr 1866 |  Queen Elisabeth (1843) |  Crown Prince Ferdinand (1865) |
 Kingdom of Sweden |  King Oscar II | 21 Jan 1829 | 18 Sep 1872 |  Queen Sophia (1836) |  Crown Prince Gustaf (1858) |
 Ottoman Empire |  Sultan Abdul Hamid II | 22 Sep 1842 | 31 Aug 1876 | ||
 Kingdom of Spain |  King Alfonso XIII | 17 May 1886 | 17 May 1886 | Infante Alfonso (1901) | |
 Principality of Bulgaria |  Prince Ferdinand I | 26 Feb 1861 | 7 Jul 1887 |  Her. Prince Boris (1894) | |
 German Empire |  Emperor Wilhelm II | 27 Jan 1859 | 15 Jun 1888 |  Empress Auguste (1858) |  Crown Prince Wilhelm (1882) |
 Principality of Monaco |  Prince Albert I | 13 Nov 1848 | 10 Sep 1889 |  Her. Prince Louis (1870) | |
 Kingdom of Portugal |  King Carlos I | 28 Sep 1863 | 19 Oct 1889 |  Queen Amelia (1865) |  Crown Prince Luis Filipe (1887) |
 Kingdom of the Netherlands |
 Queen Wilhelmina | 31 Aug 1880 | 23 Nov 1890 |  Prince Hendrik (1876) |  Wilhelm Ernst, Grand Duke of Saxe-Weimar-Eisenach (1876) |
 Russian Empire |  Emperor Nicholas II | 18 May 1868 | 1 Nov 1894 |  Empress Alexandra (1872) |  Tsarevich Alexei (1904) |
 Kingdom of Italy |  King Victor Emanuel III | 11 Nov 1869 | 29 Jul 1900 |  Queen Helena (1873) |  Crown Prince Umberto (1904) |
 United Kingdom |  King Edward VII | 9 Nov 1841 | 22 Jan 1901 |  Queen Alexandra (1844) |  Prince George, Prince of Wales (1865) |
 Kingdom of Servia |  King Peter I | 11 Jul 1844 | 12 Jun 1903 |  Crown Prince George (1887) | |
 Grand Duchy of Luxemburg |  Grand Duke Guillaume IV | 22 Apr 1852 | 17 Nov 1905 |  Grand Duchess Maria Anna (1861) | Count Nikolaus von Merenberg (1871) |
 Kingdom of Norway |  King Haakon VII | 3 Aug 1872 | 18 Nov 1905 |  Queen Maud (1869) |  Crown Prince Olav (1903) |
