Individual Notes
Note for: Robert II the Devil of Duke of Normandy VI, 1008 - 22 JUN 1035
Index
Event: Type: Acceded
Date: 1027
Burial: Place: 6th Duke of Normandy. Acceded: 1027.
Individual Notes
Note for: William I (the Conqueror) BEAUCLERC, 1028 - 1087
Index
Alias: The /Bastard/
Occupation: Date: 1066
Place: King of England
Event: Type: Ascension
Date: 25 DEC 1066
Place: Westminster Abbey, London, England
Event: Type: Ascension
Date: 25 DEC 1066
Place: Westminster Abbey, London, England
Event: Type: Ascension
Date: 25 DEC 1066
Place: Westminster Abbey, London, England
Event: Type: Ascension
Date: 25 DEC 1066
Place: Westminster Abbey, London, England
Event: Type: Ascension
Date: 25 DEC 1066
Place: Westminster Abbey, London, England
Event: Type: Ascension
Date: 25 DEC 1066
Place: Westminster Abbey, London, England
Event: Type: Ascension
Date: 25 DEC 1066
Place: Westminster Abbey, London, England
Event: Type: Ascension
Date: 25 DEC 1066
Place: Westminster Abbey, London, England
Event: Type: Crusades
Place: Crusader
Event: Type: Seal to Parents
Date: 26 FEB 1945
Place: SLAKE
Event: Type: Seal to Parents
Date: 30 SEP 1943
Event: Type: Seal to Parents
Date: 30 SEP 1943
Place: Normandy
Event: Type: Seal to Parents
Date: 26 FEB 1945
Place: SLAKE
Event: Type: Seal to Parents
Date: 26 FEB 1945
Place: SLAKE
Event: Type: Seal to Parents
Date: 19 MAY 1954
Place: Slake
Event: Type: Seal to Parents
Date: 19 MAY 1954
Place: Slake
Event: Type: Unknown-Begin
Place: Earl of Arundel 2 & Sussex 1
Event: Type: Unknown-Begin
Place: [DUKE OF NORMAND
Event: Type: Unknown-Begin
Place: Abbey of St Step, Caen, Calvados, France
Event: Type: Unknown-Begin
Place: Abbey of St Step, Caen, Calvados, France
Event: Type: Unknown-Begin
Place: Earl of Arundel 3 & Sussex 2
Event: Type: Unknown-Begin
Place: Earnest and resourceful, William was not only one of the greatest of English monarchs but a pivotal figure in European history as well
Event: Type: Unknown-Begin
Place: king of England (1066-87)
Event: Type: Unknown-Begin
Place: king of England (1066-87)
Event: Type: Unknown-Begin
Place: St. Stephen Abbey, Caen, Normandy
Event: Type: Unknown-Begin
Date: 1066
Place: Norman Conquest
Event: Type: Unknown-Begin
Date: 1066
Place: Norman Conquest
Event: Type: Unknown-Begin
Date: 25 DEC 1066
Place: Westminster Abbey, London, England
Event: Type: Unknown-Begin
Date: 31 JUL 1877
Place: SGEOR
Event: Type: Unknown-Begin
Date: 31 JUL 1877
Place: SGEOR
Event: Type: Unknown-Begin
Date: 7 FEB 1884
Place: SGEOR
Event: Type: Unknown-Begin
Date: 7 FEB 1884
Place: SGEOR
Event: Type: Unknown-Begin
Date: 19 MAY 1954
Place: SLAKE
Event: Type: Unknown-Begin
Date: 19 MAY 1954
Place: SLAKE
Event: Type: MARR
Date: 1053
Event: Type: MARR
Date: 1053
Event: Type: MARR
Date: 1053
Event: Type: MARR
Date: 1053
Place: England
Event: Type: MARR
Date: 1053
Place: Hermentruvilleby, Rouen, France
Event: Type: Alt. Birth
Date: 1100
Event: Type: Alt. Birth
Date: 14 OCT 1024
Place: Falaise, Normandie, France
Event: Type: Alt. Birth
Date: 14 OCT 1024
Place: Falaise, Normandie, France
Event: Type: Alt. Birth
Date: 14 OCT 1024
Place: Falaise, Normandie, France
Event: Type: Alt. Birth
Date: 14 OCT 1024
Place: Falaise, Normandie, France
Event: Type: Alt. Birth
Date: 14 OCT 1024
Place: Falaise, Normandie, France
Event: Type: Alt. Birth
Date: 14 OCT 1024
Place: Falaise, Normandie, France
Event: Type: Alt. Birth
Date: 14 OCT 1024
Place: Falaise, Normandie, France
Event: Type: Alt. Birth
Date: 14 OCT 1024
Place: Falaise, Normandie, France
Event: Type: Alt. Birth
Date: BET. 1123 - 1174
Event: Type: Alt. Birth
Date: BET. 1123 - 1174
Event: Type: Endowment
Date: 7 FEB 1884
Place: Sg
Event: Type: Endowment
Date: 7 FEB 1884
Place: SGEOR
Event: Type: Endowment
Date: 7 FEB 1884
Place: Sgeor
Event: Type: Endowment
Date: 7 FEB 1884
Place: Sgeor
Event: Type: Endowment
Date: 1 NOV 1940
Place: Provo
Event: Type: Endowment
Date: 1 NOV 1940
Place: Provo
Event: Type: Alt Birth
Date: 1027
Place: Falaise, Calvados, France
Event: Type: Alt Death
Date: 9 SEP 1087
Place: Hermenbravilleby, Rouen, Seine-Inferieure, France
Event: Type: Alt Death
Date: 1087
Place: Hermentruvilleby, Rouen, France
Event: Type: Alt. Death
Date: 1176
Event: Type: Alt. Death
Date: 9 SEP 1087
Place: H, Normandie, France
Event: Type: Alt. Death
Date: 9 SEP 1087
Place: H, Normandie, France
Event: Type: Alt. Death
Date: 9 SEP 1087
Place: H, Normandie, France
Event: Type: Alt. Death
Date: 9 SEP 1087
Place: H, Normandie, France
Event: Type: Alt. Death
Date: 9 SEP 1087
Place: H, Normandie, France
Event: Type: Alt. Death
Date: 9 SEP 1087
Place: H, Normandie, France
Event: Type: Alt. Death
Date: 9 SEP 1087
Place: H, Normandie, France
Event: Type: Alt. Death
Date: 9 SEP 1087
Place: H, Normandie, France
Event: Type: Alt. Death
Date: 9 SEP 1087
Place: H, Normandie, France
Event: Type: Alt. Death
Date: 1176
Event: Type: Crowned
Date: 25 DEC 1066
Place: Westminster Abbey, Westminster, Middlesex
Event: Type: Acceded
Date: 25 DEC 1066
Place: Westminster Abbey, London, Middlesex, England
Event: Type: Acceded
Date: 25 DEC 1066
Place: Westminister Abbey, Westminster, Middlesex, England
Event: Type: Acceded
Date: 25 DEC 1066
Place: Westminster Abbey, London, England
Event: Type: Fact 1 (2)
Date: 1066
Place: KING
Event: Type: Acceded to Throne/restore
Date: 14 OCT 1066
Place: King of England at Westminster Abbey, England
Event: Type: Title Created
Date: 1035
Place: Normandy
Event: Type: Castles assoc. with
Date: BET. 1027 - 1028
Place: Born at Falaise Castle, Normandy, France.
Event: Type: At War
Date: 1047
Event: Type: Treaty
Date: 1064
Place: England
Event: Type: Coronation
Date: 25 DEC 1066
Place: England
Event: Type: Coronation
Date: 25 DEC 1066
Place: Westminster Abbey, England
Event: Type: Battle of
Date: 14 OCT 1066
Place: England
Event: Type: Achievements
Date: 1087
Place: All Of England
Event: Type: Achievements
Date: 1086
Place: England
Event: Type: TITL
Date: BET. 1066 - 1087
Place: King of England
Event: Type: Fact
Place: Earnest and resourceful, William was not only one of the greatest of English monarchs but a pivotal figure in European history as well
Event: Type: Fact
Place: Earnest and resourceful, William was not only one of the greatest of English monarchs but a pivotal figure in European history as well
Event: Type: Christened
Date: 1066
Place: Norman Conquest, As An Adult;
Event: Type: Christened
Date: 1066
Place: Norman Conquest, As An Adult;
Event: Type: Christened
Date: 1066
Place: Norman Conquest, As An Adult;
Event: Type: Christened
Date: 1066
Place: Norman Conquest, As An Adult;
Event: Type: Christened
Date: 1066
Place: Norman Conquest, As An Adult;
Event: Type: Seal
Date: 10 MAY 1928
Place: Slake
Event: Type: Seal
Date: 10 MAY 1928
Place: Slake
Event: Type: Seal
Date: 10 MAY 1928
Place: Slake
Event: Type: Seal
Date: 10 MAY 1928
Place: Slake
Event: Type: Seal
Date: 10 MAY 1928
Place: Slake
Event: Type: NOTES:
Date: 19 MAY 1954
Place: Duke of Normandy
Burial: Date: 1087
Place: Abbey of St. Stephen, Calvados, Caen, France; Quality: 0
Individual Note: [11-Henryll-Curtmantle.FTW][11-Henryll-Curtmantle.FTW]
William was Earl of Sussex and Arundel.
William was the Earl of Sussex and Arundel.
SOURCE CITATION: Title: Ancestral File (TM) Author: The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints Publication Information: July 1996 (c), data as of 2 January 1996 Repository Name: Family History Library Address: 35 N West Templ e Street Salt Lake City, UT 84150 USA
Line 22380 from GEDCOM File not recognizable or too long: NAME William "Earl Of Arundel" D' /AUBIGNY/ Line 6579 from GEDCOM File not recognizable or too long: NAME William "Earl Of Arundel" D' /AUBIGNY/ Line 4842 from GEDCOM File not rec ognizable or too long: NAME William "Earl Of Arundel" D' /AUBIGNY/ Line 2458 from GEDCOM File not recognizable or too long: NAME William "Earl Of Arundel" D' /AUBIGNY/ Line 3514 from GEDCOM File not recognizable or too long: NAME William "Earl Of Arundel" D' /AUBIGNY/ Line 8761 from GEDCOM File not recognizable or too long: WIFE Line 27460 from GEDCOM File not recognizable or too long: NAME William "Earl Of Arundel" D' /AUBIGNY/
SOURCE CITATION: Title: Ancestral File (TM) Author: The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints Publication Information: July 1996 (c), data as of 2 January 1996 Repository Name: Family History Library Address: 35 N West Templ e Street Salt Lake City, UT 84150 USA
SOURCE CITATION: Title: Ancestral File (TM) Author: The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints Publication Information: July 1996 (c), data as of 2 January 1996 Repository Name: Family History Library Address: 35 N West Temp le Street Salt Lake City, UT 84150 USA
SOURCE CITATION: Title: Ancestral File (TM) Author: The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints Publication Information: July 1996 (c), data as of 2 January 1996 Repository Name: Family History Library Address: 35 N West Temp le Street Salt Lake City, UT 84150 USA
SOURCE CITATION: Title: Ancestral File (TM) Author: The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints Publication Information: July 1996 (c), data as of 2 January 1996 Repository Name: Family History Library Address: 35 N West Temp le Street Salt Lake City, UT 84150 USA
SOURCE CITATION: Title: Ancestral File (TM) Author: The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints Publication Information: July 1996 (c), data as of 2 January 1996 Repository Name: Family History Library Address: 35 N West Temp le Street Salt Lake City, UT 84150 USA
SOURCE CITATION: Title: Ancestral File (TM) Author: The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints Publication Information: July 1996 (c), data as of 2 January 1996 Repository Name: Family History Library Address: 35 N West Temp le Street Salt Lake City, UT 84150 USA
Michael Call has written a note on the bottom of Family Group Sheet #144, Royal Ancestry, concerning seeming inaccuricies in the D'ALBINI family; children with incorrect birth years, grandchildren listed as children, etc.
Michael Call has written a note on the bottom of Family Group Sheet #144, Royal Ancestry, concerning seeming inaccuricies in the D'ALBINI family; children with incorrect birth years, grandchildren listed as children, etc.
Also listed as 14 Cht 166, Book of Rememberance, Ed's pedigree charts. Married Mabel de MESCHINES.
Also listed as 14 Cht 166, Book of Rememberance, Ed's pedigree charts. Married Mabel de MESCHINES.
NOTE: The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints, Ancestral File (TM); ; June 1998 (c), data as of 5 JAN 1998; ; , Family History Library, 35 N West Temple Street, Salt Lake City, UT 84150 USA
NOTE: The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints, Ancestral File (TM); ; June 1998 (c), data as of 5 JAN 1998; ; , Family History Library, 35 N West Temple Street, Salt Lake City, UT 84150 USA
NSFXthe Conqueror BIRTH From "Lewises, Meriwethers and Their Kin" by Sarah Travers Lewis (Scott) Anderson, Genealogical Publishing Co, Inc., Baltimore (1984). 15th in descent from Adelis the Great, King of Sweden. King of England: 1066-10 87 (Norman line). WILLIAM, Kings of England William I --------- William I (born 1027, ruled 1066-87), called William the Conqueror, was an illegitimate son of Robert I, duke of Normandy. His mother was a tanner's daughter. William succeeded his father when he was only 7 years old. At 24 he had made himself the mightiest feudal lord in all France by various conquests, but his ambition was not satisfied. He laid plans to become king of England also.
William married Matilda, daughter of Baldwin V, count of Flanders, in 1053. She was descended from the old Anglo-Saxon line of kings. Among their children were four sons: Robert, future duke of Normandy; Richard, who died as a youth; Willi am Rufus, who succeeded his father as king of England; and Henry, who succeeded William Rufus. One daughter, Adela, became the mother of England's King Stephen.
Edward the Confessor, king of England, was William's cousin. William used his connection with Flanders to put pressure on Edward to extort a promise that he would become heir to the English throne. It is probable that Edward made some kind of pledge to William as early as 1051. Edward died childless on Jan. 5, 1066. William then claimed the throne on the basis of this promise. The English, however, chose Harold, earl of Wessex, as their king.
William prepared a largeexpedition and set sail for England. On Oct. 14, 1066, he defeated and killed Harold at Hastings in one of the decisive battles of the world (see Hastings, Battle of). Then he marched on London, and on Christmas day he was crowned king.
After subduing England's powerful earls, William seized their lands for hisNorman nobles and ordered the nobles to build fortified stone castles to protect their lands. As payment for their fiefs, the nobles supplied the king with armed kn ights. French became the language of the king's court and gradually blended with the Anglo-Saxon tongue.
William won the loyalty of the mass of the people by wisely retaining the old Anglo-Saxon laws, courts, and customs with only a few changes. Thus the principle of self-government, which lies at the root of the political system of English-s peaking peoples, was preserved and strengthened. At the same time, William taught the English the advantages of a central government strong enough to control feudal lords.
Toward the end of his reign, William ordered a great census to be taken of all the lands and people of England. This survey was called Domesday Book. Two of the original books may still be seen at the Public Records Office in London. "So v ery narrowly did he cause the survey to be made," complained the old Anglo-Saxon Chronicle, "that there was not a single rood of land, nor an ox, or a cow, or a pig passed by, and that was not set down in the accounts."
William was often on the continent dealing with his widespread holdings. He died there in 1087 from injuries received while warring with Philip I of France. William was a man of great stature and had a tremendous voice. Such was the good o rder he established that, according to a quaint historian of his time, "any man, who was himself aught, might travel over the kingdom with a bosom of gold unmolested, and no man durst kill another, however great the injury he might have rec eived from him." He was succeeded in Normandy by his eldest son, Robert, and in England by his second son, William II, called William Rufus.
SOURCE: D C McMurtry and Michael L Kallam, SIR FRANCIS BRYAN AND COMPANY, 1994, p 131-3.
NOTE: Known as "the Conqueror" and "le Bastard"; his father, Robert I, having no legitimate male heir, named William as his successor; father died when William was 7 years old and history records that he had a "long hard struggle to secur e his inheritance; 1051 he was established as the Duke of Normandy; after Battle of Hastings in 1066, William crowned King of England in Westminster Abbey on Christmas Day; he conducted the first official census of the English people and th eir possessions; in 1087, conflict flared between William and King Philip I of France; during this encounter, his horse reared and threw him to the ground; he received internal injuries from which he never recovered; acclaimed "a pious Chri stian, devout in religion and devoted son of the Church".
SOURCE: THE ANGLO-SAXON CHRONICLE, "William I was a very wise and great man, more honored and more powerful than any before him; amongst other things, the good peace that he made in the land must not be forgotten."
MARRIAGE: Though he fathered at least 2 children by two other women prior to his marriage, he was said to have been pure in his married life, for which he was respected.
DEATH: Near Rouen.
NOTE: The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints, Ancestral File (TM); ; June 1998 (c), data as of 5 JAN 1998; ; , Family History Library, 35 N West Temple Street, Salt Lake City, UT 84150 USA
NOTE: The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints, Ancestral File (TM); ; June 1998 (c), data as of 5 JAN 1998; ; , Family History Library, 35 N West Temple Street, Salt Lake City, UT 84150 USA
He was the first Norman king of England. He took power in 1066,following his army's victory over the Anglo-Saxons of England. As the son of Robert I, Duke of Normandy, he inherited Normandy in1035, at about the age of 8. In 1047, William put down a great rebellionat the battle of Val-es-dunes, near Caen, with the aid of his lord, KingHenry I of France. From that time on, William ruled Normandy with aniron hand. William claimed that King Edward the Confessor of England promisedhim succession to the English throne as Edward's nearest adult heir.however, Edward's brother-in-law, Harold, became king in 1066 through adeathbed grant by Edward and election by the nobles. William promptlyprepared to in vade England. But before William could sail, the king ofNorway invaded northern England. King Harold hurried north and defeatedthe Norwegian invaders at Stamford Bridge, near York. William landedbefore Harold could return to defend the s outhern coast. The normansdestroyed the Anglo-Saxon army and killed Harold at the Battle ofHastings on Oct. 14, 1066. On Christmas Day, 1066, William was crowned king. William then putdown local rebellions. He took lands from those w ho resisted him. Hekept some of these lands for himself and gave the rest to his followersin return for military service. He confirmed the laws of Edward theConfessor and kept all the powers of the Anglo-Saxon monarchy. William was de vout, firm in purpose, and unchanging in gaining hisends. His greatest monument is Domesday Book, a survey of the land andprincipal landholders of his realm.---
FITZALAN AND D'ALBINI IS FOUND IN BERRY'S ESSEX PEDIGREES PAGES 730 THRU 732.
EARL OF ARUNDEL
MARRIAGE: AUBIGNY.ged;;;; , Other; Date of Import: May 13, 2000
MARRIAGE: AUBIGNY.ged;;;; , Other; Date of Import: May 13, 2000
NOTE: The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints, Ancestral File(TM); ; ; , Family History Library, 35 N West Temple Street, Salt Lake City, UT84150 USA
Reigned 1066-1087. Duke of Normandy 1035-1087. Invaded England defeated and killed his rival Harold at the Battle of Hastings and became King. The Norman conquest of England was completed by 1072 aided by the establishment of feaudalism und er which his followers were granted land in return for pledges of service and loyalty. As King William was noted for his efficient if harsh rule. His administration relied upon Norman and other foreign personnell especially Lanfranc Archbis hop of Canterbury. In 1085 started Domesday Book
(Research):Caen, France (tomb despoiled, site now marked by a slab)
Monarchs of England:
After the Roman empire began to collapse, its political and militarypresence was finally withdrawn from the island of Britain around 410 AD.The resulting vacuum was filled by tribes of Jutes, Saxons and Anglesfrom Denmark, Germany and the coastal areas of what is now Holland,competing for land and power with the indigenous Britons (the term"Saxons" will be used, generically, to denote any or all of theseinvading tribes from northern Europe).
During this time, Britain was plagued by constant raiding parties ofPicts and Scots from the north and from the west. The High King of theBritons, the usurper named Vortigern, invited Saxon mercenaries toBritain to help defend it from thes e marauding tribes, in exchange forland and royal favour. This arrangement worked for a time, but thegreedy, pagan Saxons wanted even more from the bargain and resorted totreachery to get it. They broke out of the lands that had been given tothem by Vortigern and began raiding innocent British towns and cities,burning, raping and pillaging as they went. At a peace conference calledby Vortigern for the purpose of restoring order, the Saxons concealedknives in their shoes and m assacred 460 of the British representatives.This launched a series of events which led to Vortigern's demise andcreated the politico-military environment which would spawn one of theworld's greatest legendary figures, Arthur.
Years of back-and-forth fighting ensued, sometimes with the Britonshaving the upper hand, sometimes the Saxons. The British forces were ledby their new High King, Ambrosius Aurelianus, a documented historicalfigure possessing genuinely "Ar thurian" qualities. Sometime around theend of the fifth century, a major battle occurred at Mt. Badon, which waswon by the Britons.
One of the great controversies of history revolves around the name of thecommander of the victorious British forces during that battle. Some saythe commander was Ambrosius, capping a heroic career of service to hiscountry with a great mili tary victory over the hated Saxons. Legend,however, as well as the preponderance of scholarly opinion, names Arthuras that commander. In any case, the battle was so decisive that theSaxons were put to flight and a period of peace followed, which lastedfor about a half century.
The Saxons rebuilt their lost strength during the first half of the sixthcentury by importing more and more men from their continental homelands.The Britons had no other figures of the stature of Ambrosius to leadthem, and gradually the Sa xons worked their way westward, capturingBritish lands and forcing the remaining Britons into the extreme westernparts of the island (Cornwall and Wales). New Saxon kingdoms sprang up inthe territories they now controlled. Seven main kingdo ms emerged from thepost-Roman chaos and became known as the Heptarchy. The seven were Essex,Sussex, Kent, Mercia, Northumbria, East Anglia and Wessex.
In the middle of this period of Anglo-Saxon domination of Britain, thekingdom of Wessex established supremacy over the other leading kingdoms,and their line of rulers, with Egbert in 828, became the first to have agenuine claim to the titl e of Bretwalda, or King of All England.
The Anglo-Saxon kings, under the likes of Alfred the Great, Athelstan andEadred, extended the control of the House of Wessex over all of what isnow England and managed to hold it, with the exception of about 26 yearsof rule under the Danes , until the year of the Norman Conquest. Thatyear, of course, is 1066 and has become the most memorable date inEnglish history. It was also the last time that England was conquered bya foreign power, although, in his defense we should say t hat William ofNormandy was under the impression (or, at least, wanted everyone to thinkso) that he had a legitimate claim to the English throne.
After 1066, life in England changed dramatically under the Norman kings,but they, like the Anglo-Saxons before them, brought stability andcontinuity to England's monarchy which was successively in the hands ofthe Angevin, the Lancastrian, the Yorkist and the Tudor branches.
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ ANOTHER VIEW:
Norman Conquest (1066) A very brief Synopsis:
While the Danes were invading England, other Norsemen raided the coastof France. On the southern shore of the English Channel they establishedthe Duchy of Normandy. These Norsemen, or Normans, became French inlanguage and culture. In the 11th century the Duchy of Normandy was rich,populous, and powerful. When Edward the Confessor died childless, William, duke of Normandy,claimed the English crown. He was a second cousin of Edward, and he hadexacted an oath from Harold, e arl of Wessex, to support his claim. TheEnglish Witan nevertheless elected Harold king. William appealed to thepope. The pope supported William and declared Harold guilty of perjury. William gathered together a "host of horsemen, slingers , and archers"and set sail for England. Harold met him with foot soldiers armed withbattle-axes. The two armies clashed in the famous battle of Hastings onOct. 14, 1066. Harold was killed on the battlefield. The victorious William went up to London and was crowned king of England in Westminster Abbey onChristmas Day
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ The Battle of Hastings
Duke William of Normandy left St.Valery in Normandy with about 600 shipsand 10 to 12,000 men Sept 27th in 1066.
William and his barons had been recruiting and preparing the invasionof England since early spring of that year. He was a seasoned general andmaster tactician, using cavalry, archers and infantry and had fought manynotable battles. Off Be achy Head, his ship, the Mora, arrived ahead ofthe fleet.. William waited and ate a hearty breakfast. As his fleetstraggled into place behind him they moved eastward to the firstsheltered bay to provide protection for his armada. Pevensey a ndBulverhythe were the villages on each promontory. Pevensey, to the west,was protected by an old Roman Fort and behind the fort there was muchflat acreage to house his large Army. To suggest this landing was notpre-planned, is not in keepi ng with the preparatory time taken byWilliam, or his track record. There had been much intelligence gatheringin the past few months. The bay, wide enough for maneuverability of this large fleet, was flatshored. William is said to have fall en on the beach, grasped the sand,and declared "This is my country" or words to that effect. Next, theships were disembarked without resistance. They included 2,500 horses,prefabricated forts, and the materiel and equipment was prepared for anycontingency. The ships shuttled in and out of the bay with the precisionof a D Day landing. A Fort was built inside Pevensey Roman Fort as anH.Q, while the army camped behind it. William and FitzOsborn scouted theland He was unhappy wit h the terrain but it had proved to be asatisfactory landing beach. Taking his army around Pevensey Bay he camped8 miles to the east, north of what is now known as Hastings all of whichwas most likely pre-planned. He camped to the east outsi de the friendlyterritory of the Norman Monks of Fecamp who may have been alerted andwere waiting for his probable arrival. William waited. Perhaps he waswaiting to know of the outcome of the battle to the north. In those twoweeks William co uld have marched on London and taken it. He was obviouslywaiting for something?
Harold, far to the north in York at Stamford Bridge, was engaged in alife and death struggle against his brother who had teamed up with theViking King Hadrada to invade England. Whether this was a planned Normantactic, part of a pincer mov ement north and south, is not known, butstudents of Norman and Viking history might find it very feasible. Thetiming of each invasion was impeccable, and probably less thancoincidental. Harold managed to resist the invasion to the north and killed both commanders. He was advised of the landing to the south byWilliam.
Bringing the remnants of his Army south, Harold camped outside London atWaltham. For two weeks he gathered reinforcements, and exchanged taunts,threats and counterclaims to the Crown of England with William. Finallyhe moved his army south to a position about six miles north of whereWilliam waited.
Perhaps one of the most devastating events preceeding the battle wasHarold's sudden awareness that he had been excommunicated by the Pope,and that William was wearing the papal ring. It is most likely this hadbeen arranged by fellow Norman Robert Guiscard who had conquered most ofsouthern Italy and was patron of the Pope who was indebted to him forsaving the Vatican. Harold's spirit flagged. William was leading whatmight perhaps by called the first Crusade. The whole world w as againstHarold.
William moved up to Harold's position and set up in what was then theconventional European style. Archers, infantry and cavalry in the rear. Aset piece, each assigned to their own duties. .
Harold waited. He and his brother Gyrth arranged a mass of men along ahigh ground ridge 8 deep, 800 yards long . A fixed corridor of tightlywedged humanity. Strategically, given the relative equipment of eachside, it was hopeless from the start. To William it was almost aformality. Harold's men were hemmed in by their own elbows. William, withtotal mobility, held his Breton, Maine and Anjou contingents to the leftof the line, the Normans the main thrust, the Flemish and Fren ch to hisright. The flanking movements paid off. How long the battle took hasvarying estimates. Some say as little as two hours. Some as long as sixhours. The latter seems more reasonable simply because of the numbersinvolved. .
This battle would later be called Senlac, a river of blood. It demolishedmost of the remnants of the Saxon fighting men of the Island at verylittle cost to William.
It is very doubtful if Harold was shot in the eye with an arrow from overthe ranks of his front line. He was probably run through by William'slance, accompanied by three others who were in at the kill, and whosavaged him brutally.
Thus began a three century Norman occupation of England, Wales andScotland, and later Ireland. It all started at Pevensey
Feudal System Under William I
For five years William I was busy putting down revolts in his newkingdom. He seized the land of all Saxons who fought against him anddistributed it among his Norman followers except for vast tracts that hekept for himself as crown lands. On his own estates and on those offavored barons he ordered strong fortified castles built. In return for the grant of land called a fief each lord had to swearloyalty to the king, furnish knights for the king's army, attend theking's co urt, and aid the king with money on certain occasions. Farmerswere reduced to the class of serfs, or villeins, as the Normans calledthem. A villein could not leave the manor on which he was born. Thissystem of land tenure was the basis of f eudalism, which held sway allover Europe in the Middle Ages. (See also Feudalism; Knighthood; MiddleAges.) The efficiency of William's rule is shown by the survey he had made ofall the property in England. His agents visited every manor, found outwho owned it, how many people lived there, and reported what the feudallord ought to pay the king in taxes and feudal service. The findings wererecorded in the famous Domesday Book. It was called Domesday (day ofdoom) because no on e could escape its judgment. The date of the Norman Conquest 1066 is one of the most importantdates in English history. The Conquest cut England's ties withScandinavia and connected England with France. French, the language ofthe Norman r ulers, became blended with the Anglo-Saxon speech of thecommon people, enriching the native language with many new words andideas. Wooden churches and abbeys were replaced with beautiful stonebuildings in the Norman style. Foreign monks and bishops, brought in bythe Normans, made the monasteries centers of learning. Anyone who wantedto study went into the church as a matter of course. The king'ssecretaries, judges, and most of his civil servants were churchmen,because only ch urchmen had the necessary education. When he was crowned, William I, the Conqueror, promised to governaccording to the laws of Edward the Confessor. The Witan survived in hisgreat council of advisers, the curia regis, which was attended b y earls,barons, bishops, and abbots; but the council no longer had the power tochoose the king. As feudal overlord of the whole country, Williambequeathed England to his second son, William II. He left Normandy to hiseldest son, Robert.
NOTE: The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints, Ancestral File (TM); ; July 1996 (c), data as of 2 January 1996; ; , Family History Library, 35 N West Temple Street, Salt Lake City, UT 84150 USA
NOTE: The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints, Ancestral File (TM); ; July 1996 (c), data as of 2 January 1996; ; , Family History Library, 35 N West Temple Street, Salt Lake City, UT 84150 USA
AFN:96VF-7D
AFN:8XQ5-51
William was the 7th Duke of Normandy when he conquered England in 1066.He ruled England 1066 - 1087. He is buried in St. Stephen's Abbey inCaen, France[William I King of Scotland.FTW] [Aedd Mawr.FTW]
[Br
William was burried at the Church of St. Stephen, Caen. He was adescendant of Charlemagne. Crowned King of England on Christmas Day 1066at Westminister Abbey.
HE WAS THE DIKE OF AQINTAINE. THE DATA ON THE FAMILIES OF WARREN,
FITZALAN AND D'ALBINI IS FOUND IN BERRY'S ESSEX PEDIGREES PAGES 730 THRU 732.
EARL OF ARUNDEL
William was the 7th Duke of Normandy when he conquered England in 1066. He ruled England 1066 - 1087. He is buried in St. Stephen's Abbey in Caen, France[William I King of Scotland.FTW] [Aedd Mawr.FTW]
[Brderbund WFT Vol. 21, Ed. 1, Tree #2452, Date of Import: Feb 27, 2000]
William was burried at the Church of St. Stephen, Caen. He was a descendant of Charlemagne. Crowned King of England on Christmas Day 1066 at Westminister Abbey.
1 _FA6 2 PLAC [EARL OF ARUNDEL]
From Ancestral File (TM), data as of 2 January 1996.
1 _FA6 2 PLAC [Earl of Sussex]
From Ancestral File (TM), data as of 2 January 1996.
REFN: 12273
Facts about this person:
Alt. Born 1165
Alt. Born 1165 England
Alt. Died March 1220/21
Alt. Died Bef. March 30, 1221 England
Reigned 1066-1087. Duke of Normandy 1035-1087. Invaded England defeated and killed his rival Harold at the Battle of Hastings and became King. The Norman conquest of England was completed by 1072 aided by the establishment of feaudalism und er which his followers were granted land in return for pledges of service and loyalty. As King William was noted for his efficient if harsh rule. His administration relied upon Norman and other foreign personnell especially Lanfranc Archbis hop of Canterbury. In 1085 started Domesday Book. Also built Dover Castle.
?? Line 16195: (New PAF RIN=8866) 1 NAME William "Earl Of Arundel" D' /AUBIGNY/
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From Ancestral File (TM), data as of 2 January 1996.
Reigned 1066-1087. Duke of Normandy 1035-1087. Invaded England defeatedand killed his rival Harold at the Battle of Hastings and became King.The Norman conquest of England was completed by 1072 aided by the establishmentof feaud alism under which his followers were granted land in return forpledges of service and loyalty. As King William was noted for his efficientif harsh rule. His administration relied upon Norman and other foreignpersonnell especiall y Lanfranc Archbishop of Canterbury. In 1085 startedDomesday Book.
BIOGRAPHY: Last name may be D' Albini.
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