Individual Notes
Note for: Jean Hay, 1590 - 24 MAY 1668
Index
Event: Type: Info 2
Place: Not sure which is her mother
Individual Notes
Note for: Mary Stuart, 1542 - 1587
Index
Alias: Queen of /SCOTLAND/
Occupation: Date: BET. 1542 - 1567
Place: Ruled as Mary Queen of Scots and France
Occupation: Place: Queen: 1542-1567 (abdicated). In 1559: Q. of France.
Event: Type: Title (Facts Pg)
Date: 1567
Place: Queen of Scotland
Event: Type: Also Known as
Place: Dowager Queen of FRANCE
Event: Type: Also Known as
Place: Dowager Queen of FRANCE
Event: Type: Other Title
Place: Mary STUART
Event: Type: Crowned
Date: 9 SEP 1543
Place: at Stirling Castle by the Cardinal Beaton, archbishop of Saint-Andrews. Reigned from Dec 14, 1542 to July 24 1567 (abdicated).Queen consort of France July 10 1559 to Dec 5 1560.
Event: Type: Info 5
Place: See also Royal Genealogies by Denis R. Reid at http://ftp.cac.psu.edu/~saw/royal/r26.html#I1247
Event: Type: Info 6
Date: 9 SEP 1543
Place: See Stirnet Genealogy at http://www.stirnet.com/HTML/genie/british/ss4tz/stewart02.htm & GENEALOGY.EU by Miroslav Marek at http://genealogy.euweb.cz/stuart/stuart1.html
Event: Type: Info 6
Place: See Stirnet Genealogy at http://www.stirnet.com/HTML/genie/british/ss4tz/stewart02.htm & GENEALOGY.EU by Miroslav Marek at http://genealogy.euweb.cz/stuart/stuart1.html
Event: Type: Unknown-Begin
Date: BET. 1542 - 1567
Place: Queen of Scotland
Burial: Date: 1587
Place: Westminster Abby
Burial: Date: 1567
Place: Westmnister Abbey, London, England
Individual Note: [Francis_Hay.ged]
Mary, daughter of King James V, became Queen of Scotland at just one week old in 1542. A Roman Catholic, when she became an adult she attempted to rule her mostly Protestand country, but court intrigues caused he to flee to England. There s he became involved in plots to unseat her cousin, Queen Elizabeth I. Though Mary maintained her innocence, a court found her guilty. She was beheaded in 1587.
Mary Queen of Scots
(Mary Stuart), 1542-1587, only child of James V of Scotland and Mary ofGuise. Through her grandmother Margaret Tudor, Mary had the strongestclaim to the throne of England after the children of Henry VIII. Thisclaim (and her Roman Catholici sm) made Mary a threat to Elizabeth I ofEngland, who finally had her executed. However, Mary de her aparticularly romantic figure in history. She is the subject of Schiller
Early Life Born at Linlithgow in Dec., 1542, Mary became queen of Scotland on thedeath of her father only 6 days later. Mary of Guise betrothed herdaughter to the French dauphin (later Francis II) and sent the girl toFrance in 1548 to be b rought up by her powerful relatives the Guisefamily. In 1558, Mary and Francis were married under an agreement thatwould unite the crowns of Scotland and France if the union produced maleissue. At the same time Mary signed a secret contract that bequeathedScotland to France should she die without issue. The young couple wascrowned in 1559, but Francis died the following year. The accession ofCharles IX in France led to the fall of Mary with the recent death of her own mother, promptedMary to return to Scotland in 1561. 2 As a Frenchwoman and a Catholic, Mary faced a nation of hostile subjects,but her charm and beauty quickly won over many lords and commoners. Shetook as h er principal counselors her illegitimate half brother JamesStuart (later earl of Murray) and William Maitland, both friends ofEngland, thus dispelling fears of a return of French interference inScottish affairs. She also accepted the establ ishment of the PresbyterianChurch and, under pressure from John Knox and his associates, consentedto certain laws against Catholics. She refused, however, to abandon theMass in her own chapel or to approve a law for compulsory attendance at Protestant services. 3
Darnley and Bothwell Mary arnley, whose descent from Margaret Tudor gave him a claim to theEnglish throne almost as close as Mary Though infatuated with him at first, Mary soon came to dislike herhusband and consistently refused his demands for the crown matrimonial(i.e., parliamentary assurance of power during her lifetime and after).Chagrined at his own lack of pow er and jealous of David Rizzio, anItalian musician who had become Mary Rizzio, perhaps hoping that the shock would prove fatal to the pregnantqueen. Mary talked Darnley over to her side, escaped to Dunbar to bejoined by the earl of Bothwell and other loyal nobles, and so defeatedthe coup. 5 In June, 1566, Mary bore her son, James. According to tradition, aboutthis time she fell in love with Bothwell, who had been consistently loyalto her. Darnley, meanwhile, had succeeded in making himself ever moreunpopular, and all the royal counselors urged M ary to get rid of him. Onthe night of Feb. 9, 1567, the house in which Darnley was staying wasblown up, and Darnley was found strangled outside. Bothwell wasuniversally suspected of the murder, but was acquitted by a packed court.On Apr. 24 , Mary was intercepted by Bothwell on her way to Edinburgh andcarried off to Dunbar Castle. In the ensuing two weeks Bothwell secured adivorce from his wife, and on May 15 he and Mary were married byProtestant rites. 6 Aroused by outraged P rotestant preachers, the Scots rebelled. Mary hadlost the support of the people and the lords, first by her failure topunish the man believed to be her husband der to the rebelsat Carberry Hill on June 15. Bothwell escaped, only to die insane in aDanish prison. Imprisoned at the castle of Lochleven, Mary abdicated infavor of her son and named Murray regent. In May, 1568, she escaped andsoon accumu lated a considerable force of men. However, she was defeatedby Murray at Langside, near Glasgow, and she immediately fled to NEngland. 7
Elizabeth ). At the inquiry Murray presented the famous Casket Letters,poems and letters allegedly written by Mary to Bothwell that supposedlyproved her share in the plot against Darnley. Mary insisted that parts ofthe letters were forgeries, and the available evidence suggests that thiswas the case. In any event, the judgment was that the abdication andMurray he English government, living for the next 16years in the lenient custody of the earl of Shrewsbury and then under thestricter surveillance of Sir Amias Paulet. She schemed ceaselessly toregain her liberty and was party to a succession of p lots that would haveraised her to the English throne with the help of a Catholic uprising anda Spanish invasion. The uncovering of such plots, real and alleged, someinvolving important English nobles in schemes to murder Elizabeth, ledParli ament to clamor for Mary her trialMary defended herself with eloquence and dignity, but there was no doubtof her complicity. Elizabeth hesitated to sign the death warrant, butafter assurance from James in Scotland that he would not interfere, andunder great pressur e from her counselors, she reluctantly consented. Marywas beheaded at Fotheringay on Feb. 8, 1587. 10
Bibliography See biographies by T. F. Henderson (1905, repr. 1969) and A. Fraser(1969, repr. 1984); studies by G. M. Thomson (1967) and I. B. Cowan,comp. (1971).
Reigned 1542-1587 Deposed 1567 spent 19 yrs in prison
?? Line 7189: (New PAF RIN=9763) 1 DEAT 2 PLAC , Fotheringham Castle, Northamptonshire, England
?? Line 7192: (New PAF RIN=9763) 1 BURI 2 PLAC Westminster Abbey, Westminister, Middlesex, England
Line 786 from GEDCOM File not recognizable or too long: DEAT PLAC , Fotheringham Castle, Northamptonshire, England
Line 789 from GEDCOM File not recognizable or too long: BURI PLAC Westminster Abbey, Westminister, Middlesex, England
BIOGRAPHY: Just one week old when she came to the throne of Scotland, it was obvious a Regent would have to be appointed to rule in her name. The next in line to the throne, the Earl of Arran was designated this position. In keeping with th e political marriages that were common place in this era it was Arran who agreed to the betrothal of a seven month old Mary to Henry VIII's son, Edward. The marriage was not to take place until Mary had reached the ripe old age of 11. This betrothal was not much more than a peace treaty between the two nations. Arran was Protestant in his religion and it was this religious leaning which led to the Catholics snatching away the infant Mary, crowning her Queen of Scotland and de nouncing the betrothal. This act infuriated Henry and England savagely attacked Scotland. The Scots became increasingly split between the pro-English, Protestant, camp and the pro-French, Catholic, faction. Upon the coronation of Edward as King Edward VI the English occupied Scotland. Mary fled to France where she married the Dauphin 11 years later. So it was that the Queen of Scots married into the French monarchy rather than the English. Mary's mother, Marie of Guise Lorrai ne replaced Arran as Regent and with French support drove the English out of Scotland. Scotland now stood as a French colony. Mary returned to an increasingly Protestant Scotland at the age of 18. She led a fascinating life. She was married to her cousin, Lord Darnley. Upon discovering his penchant for affairs she had him murdered. She then married his murderer, the Earl of Bothwell. This led to her downfall as the Scottish people would not accept Bothwell as King. She was th erefore forced to abdicate in favour of her only son, James. This was a turning point in the fortunes of Britain as James was to be the first ruler of both England and Scotland. (From Camelot International http://www.camelotintl.com)
BIOGRAPHY: Mary, Queen of Scots, was executed on the orders of her cousin, Queen Elizabeth I of England at Fotheringay Castle in Northamptonshire.
Mary, Queen of Scots
Mary, Queen of Scots, also Mary Stuart (1542-1587), daughter of James V,king of Scotland, by his second wife, Mary of Guise.
Born in Linlithgow in December 1542, Mary became queen before she was aweek old. Raised in France, in 1558 she was married to the Dauphin, whosucceeded to the French throne as Francis II in 1559 but died the nextyear. Mary returned to Scot land in 1561. Although Roman Catholic, atfirst she accepted the Protestant-led government that she found in place.Her chief minister was her half brother James Stuart, whom she soonafterward created Earl of Moray.
Mary's marriage in 1565 to her cousin, the Catholic Scottish noblemanHenry Stewart, Lord Darnley, was performed with Roman Catholic rites. Themarriage aroused Protestant feelings and was the signal for aninsurrection by Moray and a Scottis h noble family who hoped to be joinedby the whole Protestant party. Their hope was disappointed, however, andthe queen, taking the field in person, at once quelled the revolt. Hertriumph was scarcely over when misunderstandings began to ari se betweenher and Darnley. She had given him the title of king, but he now demandedthat the crown be secured to him for life and that, if the queen diedwithout children, it should descend to his heirs.
Before Moray's rebellion Mary's secretary and adviser had been DavidRizzio, a court favorite and a Roman Catholic. The king was now persuadedthat Rizzio was the obstacle to his designs upon the crown. Acting onthis belief, he entered into a formal compact with Moray; Lord PatrickRuthven; James Douglas, 4th Earl of Morton; and other leaders of theProtestant party. The result of this conspiracy was the murder of Rizzioin 1566. Early in 1567 the house in which Darnley lay sick was blown upby gunpowder, probably at the instigation of the Scottish nobleman JamesHepburn, 4th Earl of Bothwell, who, since Moray's revolt and still moresince Rizzio's murder, had been favored by the queen. Darnley wasdiscovered strangled close by the scene of the explosion. It wassuspected that Mary herself was not wholly ignorant of the plot. Evidencesubstantiating this theory is reflected in incriminating letters andsonnets, allegedly written by Mary to Bothwell and foun d later that yearin a silver casket. Bothwell was brought to a mock trial and acquitted;soon afterward he divorced his wife and married Mary in a Protestantceremony.
This step at once turned the Scottish nobles against Mary. She was ableto lead an army against them, and although it was equal in number to theconfederate army, it was visibly inferior in discipline. On June 15,1567, Mary's forces were def eated at Carberry Hill, and she was forced toabandon Bothwell and surrender herself to the confederate lords. On July24, at Lochleven, she was prevailed upon to sign an act of abdication infavor of her son, who was crowned as James VI five days afterward atStirling. Escaping from her island-prison at Lochleven on May 2, 1568,she was able within a few days to assemble an army of 6000 men. On May 12her army was defeated by the regent Moray at Langside, near Glasgow. Fourdays af terward, in spite of the entreaties of her best friends, Marycrossed Solway Firth and sought refuge at the court of Elizabeth I, queenof England, only to find herself a prisoner of Elizabeth for life.
Of the ensuing intrigues to effect her deliverance and to place her onthe throne of England, the most famous was that of Mary's page, AnthonyBabington, who plotted to assassinate Elizabeth. The conspiracy wasdiscovered, and Mary was brough t to trial in October 1586. She wassentenced to death on October 25, but not until February 1, 1587, didElizabeth sign the warrant of execution, which was carried out a weeklater.
Mary, Queen of Scots (1542--87) Mary was the daughter and only child of James V of Scotland by his secondwife, a French woman called Mary of Guise. While James lay on hisdeathbed at Falkland, Mary was born at Linlithgow Palace, Scotland. Sh enever saw her father as he died when she was just six days old. Marybecame queen when she was less than a year old and for her own safety wassent to France at the age of six. She became queen upon his death whenshe was a week old, and Henr y VIII attempted to betrothe her to his son,Prince Edward of England, in order to establish control of her andScotland, (known as 'The Rough Wooing'). The betrothal was annulled by the Scottish parliament, precipitating warwith England. Aft er the Scots' defeat at Pinkie (1547) she was sent byher mother to France. There she was brought up at the glittering Frenchcourt of Henry II, where she excelled at hunting and dancing, and wascarefully educated in the manner of a Frenchwom an. She married the Dauphin (1558), later Francis II, but was widowed at 18(1560), and became the dowager Queen of France with her own estates and asubstantial income. Her presence was increasingly called for in Scotland, where the death of her mother (a beautiful but sometimes cruel woman, 1560) had left thecountry in a highly fluid and dangerous political state. Effective powerwas in the hands of the Protestant Lords of the Congregation, who hadheld an illegal parliament to implement the Reformation and ban theauthority of the pope. Mary, very Catholic, therefore returned toScotland in 1561. A Protestant riot threatened the first mass held in herprivate chapel at Holyrood, and a religious standstill was impose d, whichin effect banned the mass to all but the Queen and her household. Ambitious for the English throne, in 1565 she married her cousin, HenryStuart, Lord Darnley, a grandson of Margaret Tudor. However, disgusted byhis debauchery, she so on became alienated from him. The vicious murder,in her presence, of Rizzio, her Italian secretary (some say lover aswell), by Darnley and a group of Protestant nobles (Mar 1566), confirmedher insecurity. The birth of a son (Jun 1566), the future James VI,failed to reconcile her to Darnley. While ill with what is thought to besmallpox, Darnley was mysteriously killed in an explosion at Kirk o'Field (1567). In actuality, he wasn't killed by the exposion but wasthrown, naked, i nto a yard injured. He was found later, strangled. One ofthe conspirators no doubt wanted to make sure he was out of the way. The chief suspect was the Earl of Bothwell, who underwent a mock trialand was acquitted. Mary's involvement is unc lear, but shortly afterwardsshe was carried off by Bothwell, who had divorced the wife he had onlyrecently married. Mary publicly pardoned his seizure of her person,created him Duke of Orkney, and three months after her husband's deathmarri ed the man most people regarded as his murderer. This fatal step united her nobles in arms against her. Her army meltedaway without striking a blow on the field of Carberry, and nothing wasleft to her but surrender to the confederate lords. She was constrainedat Loch Leven by a minority of the most radical of the Protestant noblesunder Morton, and made to sign an act of abdication in favour of her sonwho, five days afterwards, was crowned as James VI. After escaping, she rais ed an army, but was defeated again by theconfederate lords at Langside (1568). Placing herself under theprotection of Queen Elizabeth, she found herself instead in an Englishprison. She would remain Elizabeth's prisoner for the rest of her life.The presence of Mary in Engand was a constant source of unease toElizabeth and her advisers. She had a claim to the English throne throughDarnley, and a large Catholic minority naturally looked to Mary as thelikely restorer of the old faith. Yet her position as guest or prisonerwas always ambiguous. Plot followed plot in England, though after that ofRidolfi (1571), few if any posed any real threat. The last by AnthonyBabington in 1586, was known to Walsingham's agents fr om the outset.Letters from Mary seemingly approving Elizabeth's death passed along apostal route which went via Walsingham, who opened them himself. Mainlyon the evidence of copies of these letters, the Casket Letters and laterthe "Beer Bar rell Letters" for they were discovered in a beer kegs, Marywas brought to trial in 1586. On 8 February, 1587 Elizabeth signed her death warrant, and she wasexecuted at Fotheringay Castle. The execution did not go well for Mary asthe executi oner was unable to sever her neck with one blow, and wasforced to use a grinding motion on her to complete the task. Buried atPeterborough, in 1612 her body was moved to Henry VII's chapel atWestminster, where it still lies. Mary's beauty a nd personal accomplishments have never been disputed. Shespoke or read in six languages, sang well, played various musicalinstruments, and had a library which included the largest collection ofItalian and French poetry in Scotland. The port rayals of her after 1571largely fall into one of two types: Catholic martyr or papist plotter,making all the more difficult a proper assessment of Mary as Queen ofScots.
GIVN Mary "Queen of Scots" SURN STUART BAPM PLAC Reigned 15/12/1542-24/7/1567 Executed at Fotheringhay Castle on order of Elizabeth 1 Queen of England ** then transferred in 1612 by her son to Henry V11's Chapel Westminster Abbey Queen 154 2-1567. Spanish Armada ordered to set sail by Philip 11 upon Mary's execution. Mary's life was haunted by plots and murders and ended with her execution. She became Scotland's Queen when only 7 days old and was crowned in Stirling. After a Roman Catholic childhood in France she married the Dauphin Francis (24 Apr 1558) later Francis 11 of France. On his death she returned to Scotland and married her 19 year-old first cousin Henry Stewart (Stuart), Lord Darnley, son of the 4th Earl of Lennox. Their son was the future James V1 (James 1 of England). Mary became estranged from Darnley (created Duke of Albany and styled Henry King of Scots) after he schemed the murder of her personal secretary David Rizzio. Then Dar nley was strangled at Kirk o'Field, probably by James, 4th Earl of Boswell, who divorced his wife and became Mary's next (Protestant) husband. Outraged Scottish Lords Associators then imprisoned the Queen and forced her abdication in favour of her baby son. She escaped to England, where she was heir to the throne. Fearing pro-Catholic plots to make Mary Queen of England, her cousin Elizabeth 1 imprisoned Mary and eventually had her executed. 15 Dec 1542 > 24 Jul 1567 = reign of Mary Queen of Scots ?? ??? 1561 = Mary Queen of Scots returns to Scotland 24 Jul 1567 = Mary Queen of Scots forced to abdicate 8 Feb 1587 = Mary Queen of Scots beheaded DATE 6 FEB 2000 TIME 13:08:09 OBJE FORM bmp FILE F:\BK5\Images\Famou s People\Mary1289.bmp _SCBK Y _PRIM N _TYPE PHOTO OBJE FORM bmp FILE F:\BK5\Images\Famous People\Qofs1289.bmp _SCBK Y _PRIM Y _TYPE PHOTO
BIOGRAPHY: Mary Stuart, Queen of Scots, famous for her beauty and wit, her crimes and her fate, was daughter of James V., King of Scotland, and succeeded her father in 1542, eight days after her birth. In the following year she was crowned by Archbishop Beatoun, and before she was six years old she was sent to the court of France. In 1558 she married Francis, then dauphin, and, in the next year, King of France. On his death in 1560 she returned to Scotland, where during her absence Knox had preached, and the Reformation had been established. She had an interview with Knox soon after her arrival. After rejecting several proposals of marriage, she married her cousin, Henry Stuart, Lord Darnley, in 1565. Being ex cluded from any share of the government by the advice (as he suspected) of Rizzio, an Italian musician, her favourite and secretary, the king, by the counsel and assistance of some of the principal nobility, suddenly surprised them together , and Rizzio was slain, in the queen's presence, in 1566. An apparent reconciliation afterwards took place, a new favourite of the queen appeared in the Earl of Bothwell, and in February 1567, Darnley, who had continued to reside separately from the queen, was assassinated, and the house he occupied, called the Kirk of Field, near Edinburgh, was blown up with gunpowder. This murder was very imperfectly investigated; and in the month of May following, Mary wedded the Earl of B othwell, who was openly accused as the murderer of the late king.
BIOGRAPHY: Scotland soon became a scene of confusion and civil discord. Bothwell, a fugitive and an outlaw, took refuge in Denmark; and Mary, made a captive, was committed to custody in the castle of Loch Leven. After some months' confinem ent she effected her escape, and, assisted by the few friends who still remained attached to her, made an effort for the recovery of her power. She was opposed by the Earl of Murray, the natural son of James V., who had obtained the regency in the minority of her son. The battle of Langside insured the triumph of her enemies; and, to avoid falling again into their power, she fled to England, and sought the protection of Queen Elizabeth; a step which created a very serious emb arrassment for Elizabeth and her ministers.
BIOGRAPHY: For eighteen years Mary was detained as a state prisoner; and, during the whole of that time, she was recognised as the head of the Popish party, who wished to see a princess of their faith on the throne of England. Mary, despai ring of recovering that of Scotland, countenanced, if she was not directly concerned in, their plots. She was accordingly tried for a conspiracy against the life of the Queen of England, condemned, and suffered decapitation, Feb. 8, 1587, i n the castle of Fotheringay, where she had been long confined. Her body was interred, with great pomp, in Peterborough Cathedral, but subsequently removed by her son, James I., to Henry the Seventh's Chapel, Westminster Abbey, where a magni ficent monument was erected to her memory.
BIOGRAPHY: The character and conduct of Mary, Queen of Scots, have been made the subject of much controversy; the popular view, both in Scotland and England, making her the ooding over her calamities and refusing to admit her crimes and follies Mr Froude, who has told her story once more in the third volume of his 'History of the Reign of Queen Elizabeth,' has made this view no longer tenable. The verdict of M r. Burton in his new this queen has been purchased for the National Collection. A very fine portrait by Clouet is in the Royal Collection at Hampton Court
BIOGRAPHY: from genuk website
GIVN Mary "Queen of Scots" SURN STUART BAPM PLAC Reigned 15/12/1542-24/7/1567 Executed at Fotheringhay Castle on order of Elizabeth 1 Queen of England ** then transferred in 1612 by her son to Henry V11's Chapel Westminster Abbey Queen 15 42-1567. Spanish Armada ordered to set sail by Philip 11 upon Mary's execution. Mary's life was haunted by plots and murders and ended with her execution. She became Scotland's Queen when only 7 days old and was crowned in Stirling. After a Roman Catholic childhood in France she married the Dauphin Francis (24 Apr 1558) later Francis 11 of France. On his death she returned to Scotland and married her 19 year-old first cousin Henry Stewart (Stuart), Lord Darnley, son of the 4t h Earl of Lennox. Their son was the future James V1 (James 1 of England). Mary became estranged from Darnley (created Duke of Albany and styled Henry King of Scots) after he schemed the murder of her personal secretary David Rizzio. Then Da rnley was strangled at Kirk o'Field, probably by James, 4th Earl of Boswell, who divorced his wife and became Mary's next (Protestant) husband. Outraged Scottish Lords Associators then imprisoned the Queen and forced her abdication in favou r of her baby son. She escaped to England, where she was heir to the throne. Fearing pro-Catholic plots to make Mary Queen of England, her cousin Elizabeth 1 imprisoned Mary and eventually had her executed. 15 Dec 1542 > 24 Jul 1567 = reign of Mary Queen of Scots ?? ??? 1561 = Mary Queen of Scots returns to Scotland 24 Jul 1567 = Mary Queen of Scots forced to abdicate 8 Feb 1587 = Mary Queen of Scots beheaded DATE 6 FEB 2000 TIME 13:08:09 OBJE FORM bmp FILE F:\BK5\Images\Famo us People\Mary1289.bmp _SCBK Y _PRIM N _TYPE PHOTO OBJE FORM bmp FILE F:\BK5\Images\Famous People\Qofs1289.bmp _SCBK Y _PRIM Y _TYPE PHOTO
BIOGRAPHY: Mary Stuart, Queen of Scots, famous for her beauty and wit, her crimes and her fate, was daughter of James V., King of Scotland, and succeeded her father in 1542, eight days after her birth. In the following year she was crowned by Archbishop Beatoun, and before she was six years old she was sent to the court of France. In 1558 she married Francis, then dauphin, and, in the next year, King of France. On his death in 1560 she returned to Scotland, where during her absence Knox had preached, and the Reformation had been established. She had an interview with Knox soon after her arrival. After rejecting several proposals of marriage, she married her cousin, Henry Stuart, Lord Darnley, in 1565. Being ex cluded from any share of the government by the advice (as he suspected) of Rizzio, an Italian musician, her favourite and secretary, the king, by the counsel and assistance of some of the principal nobility, suddenly surprised them together , and Rizzio was slain, in the queen's presence, in 1566. An apparent reconciliation afterwards took place, a new favourite of the queen appeared in the Earl of Bothwell, and in February 1567, Darnley, who had continued to reside separately from the queen, was assassinated, and the house he occupied, called the Kirk of Field, near Edinburgh, was blown up with gunpowder. This murder was very imperfectly investigated; and in the month of May following, Mary wedded the Earl of B othwell, who was openly accused as the murderer of the late king.
BIOGRAPHY: Scotland soon became a scene of confusion and civil discord. Bothwell, a fugitive and an outlaw, took refuge in Denmark; and Mary, made a captive, was committed to custody in the castle of Loch Leven. After some months' confinem ent she effected her escape, and, assisted by the few friends who still remained attached to her, made an effort for the recovery of her power. She was opposed by the Earl of Murray, the natural son of James V., who had obtained the regency in the minority of her son. The battle of Langside insured the triumph of her enemies; and, to avoid falling again into their power, she fled to England, and sought the protection of Queen Elizabeth; a step which created a very serious emb arrassment for Elizabeth and her ministers.
BIOGRAPHY: For eighteen years Mary was detained as a state prisoner; and, during the whole of that time, she was recognised as the head of the Popish party, who wished to see a princess of their faith on the throne of England. Mary, despai ring of recovering that of Scotland, countenanced, if she was not directly concerned in, their plots. She was accordingly tried for a conspiracy against the life of the Queen of England, condemned, and suffered decapitation, Feb. 8, 1587, i n the castle of Fotheringay, where she had been long confined. Her body was interred, with great pomp, in Peterborough Cathedral, but subsequently removed by her son, James I., to Henry the Seventh's Chapel, Westminster Abbey, where a magni ficent monument was erected to her memory.
BIOGRAPHY: The character and conduct of Mary, Queen of Scots, have been made the subject of much controversy; the popular view, both in Scotland and England, making her the ooding over her calamities and refusing to admit her crimes and follies Mr Froude, who has told her story once more in the third volume of his 'History of the Reign of Queen Elizabeth,' has made this view no longer tenable. The verdict of M r. Burton in his new this queen has been purchased for the National Collection. A very fine portrait by Clouet is in the Royal Collection at Hampton Court
BIOGRAPHY: from genuk website
(Mary Stuart), 1542-87, daughter of James V of Scotland and Mary Of Guise. She became queen of Scotland on the death (1542) of her father, just six days after her birth. Mary was sent by her mother to France, where she grew up and married ( 1558) the French Dauphin (later Francis Ii). After his death in 1560, she returned to Scotland as queen in 1561. Despite harsh attacks by John Knox, she refused to abandon her Roman Catholicism, and her charm and intelligence won many over. To reinforce her claim to succeed Elizabeth I on the English throne, she married (1565) her English cousin Lord Darnley. Soon despised by Mary, he joined a conspiracy of Protestant nobles who murdered her trusted counselor, David Rizzio. M ary, however, talked Darnley over to her side and escaped to loyal nobles. Their son, James, was born soon after. At this period she fell in love with the earl of Bothwell. Darnley, widely disliked, was murdered in 1567; Bothwell, widely su spected of the murder, was acquitted and married Mary. Outraged Scots flew to arms, and Mary surrendered and abdicated (1567) in favor of her son, James VI (later James I of England), naming the earl of Murray as regent. She escaped (1568) and gathered a large force, but was defeated by Murray and fled to England. Although welcomed by Elizabeth, she became a prisoner and was involved in several ill-fated plots against Elizabeth with English Catholics, the Spanish, and others. In 1586 a plot to murder Elizabeth was reported. Charged with being an accomplice, Mary was brought to trial; she defended herself with eloquence, although there was little doubt of her complicity. Elizabeth reluctantly signed the death wa rrant, and Mary was beheaded at Fotheringhay Castle on Feb. 8, 1587. Mary's reported beauty and her undoubted courage have made her a particularly romantic figure in history. She is the subject
Individual Notes
Note for: Elizabeth Shaw, ABT. 1512 -
Index
Individual Note: [Francis_Hay.ged]
Not legally married to but associated with
GIVN Elizabeth SURN SHAW 1 UPDA 2 PLAC Mistress
GIVN Elizabeth SURN SHAW 1 UPDA 2 PLAC Mistress
Not legally married to but associated with
Name Suffix:
Concubine 1 Ancestral File Number: 9G0P-L8
[THE BIG FAMILY TREE.GED2.GED]
Not legally married to but associated with
[henryiv3.FTW]
Name Suffix: Concubine 1 Ancestral File Number: 9G0P-L8[myged3JamesStewart.FTW]
Not legally married to but associated with[myged10-PatrickLyon.FTW]
Not legally married to but associated with
GIVN Elizabeth SURN SHAW 1 UPDA 2 PLAC Mistress
GIVN Elizabeth SURN SHAW 1 UPDA 2 PLAC Mistress
Individual Notes
Note for: James I Stewart, ABT. 1530 - 25 SEP 1557 Index
Individual Note:
[Francis_Hay.ged]
Name Suffix: [Abbot of Kelso] Ancestral File Number: 9G0P-MF
Individual Notes
Note for: Margaret Erskine, ABT. 1500 - 5 MAY 1572 Index
Individual Note:
[Francis_Hay.ged]
Associated with but not married to King
[spelman.FTW]
REFN: 9447
GIVN Margaret SURN ERSKINE
GIVN Margaret SURN ERSKINE
Association information field This form of words is used to represent many possible links between twopeople. The following possibilities exist:
The couple were family partners but no confirmation of a marriage exists The couple were not married The couple have been linked in history
-------------------------------------------------------------------------- --------------------------------
REFN: 9447
GIVN Margaret SURN ERSKINE GIVN Margaret SURN ERSKINE
Ancestral File Number: 91WP-02
Name Suffix: Concubine 2 Ancestral File Number: 9G0P-NL
[THE BIG FAMILY TREE.GED2.GED]
Associated with but not married to King GIVN Margaret SURN ERSKINE GIVN Margaret SURN ERSKINE
[henryiv3.FTW]
Associated with but not married to King [spelman.FTW] REFN: 9447 GIVN Margaret SURN ERSKINE GIVN Margaret SURN ERSKINE6
Association information field This form of words is used to represent many possible links between twopeople. The following possibilities exist: The couple were family partners but no confirmation of a marriage exists The couple were not ma rried The couple have been linked in history
-------------------------------------------------------------------------- -------------------------------- REFN: 9447
Associated with but not married to King GIVN Margaret SURN ERSKINE GIVN Margaret SURN ERSKINE Ancestral File Number: 91WP-02 Name Suffix: Concubine 2 Ancestral File Number: 9G0P-NL [THE BIG FAMILY TREE.GED2.GED] Associated with but not married to King GIVN Margaret SURN ERSKINE GIVN Margaret SURN ERSKINE[myged3JamesStewart.FTW]
Associated with but not married to King[myged10-PatrickLyon.FTW]
Associated with but not married to King
[spelman.FTW]
REFN: 9447
GIVN Margaret SURN ERSKINE
GIVN Margaret SURN ERSKINE
Association information field This form of words is used to represent many possible links between twopeople. The following possibilities exist:
The couple were family partners but no confirmation of a marriage exists The couple were not married The couple have been linked in history
-------------------------------------------------------------------------- --------------------------------
Individual Notes
Note for: James Stewart Earl of Moray, Regent, ABT. 1531 - 21 JAN 1568/69 Index
Alias: 1st Earl of /Moray/
Occupation:
Place: Regent of Scotland
Event:
Type: Title (Facts Pg)
Place: Regent of Scotland
Burial:
Date: 14 FEB 1568/69
Place: St Giles, Edinburgh, Mid-Lothian, Scotland
Individual Note:
[myged3JamesStewart.FTW]
Assasinated by Hamilton of Bothwellhough, Prior to St. Andrews. Beheaded Mary Queen of Scots after Mary's son signed the order.[myged10-PatrickLyon.FTW]
Assasinated by Hamilton of Bothwellhough, Prior to St. Andrews. Beheaded Mary Queen of Scots after Mary's son signed the order.
GIVN James of Rothesay SURN Stuart
GIVN James of Rothesay SURN Stuart
