JERUSALEM POPULATION:

The earliest figures go back to 1844, and these are from the Encyclopaedia Brittanica quoting the Turkish Census:
Jews    Muslims Christians
7,120 5,000 3,390

1876, from "Indicator de la Terre-Sainte," (Cathiolic publication in France):
Jews Muslims Christians
12,000 7,560 5,470

1896, Calendar of Palestine (Church of England publication):
Jews Muslims Christians
28,112 8,560 8,748

1922 - "Reports & Abstracts of the Census of 1922, British Mandatory Authorities":
Jews Muslims Christians
33,971 13,413 14,699