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Wolfowitz: Iraq war was about oil
George Wright
Wednesday June 4, 2003
Oil was the main reason for military action against Iraq, a leading White House hawk has claimed, confirming the worst fears of those opposed to the US-led war.
The US deputy defence secretary, Paul Wolfowitz - who has already undermined Tony Blair's position over weapons of mass destruction (WMD) by describing them as a "bureaucratic" excuse for war - has now gone further by claiming the real motive was that Iraq is "swimming" in oil.
The latest comments were made by Mr Wolfowitz in an address to delegates at an Asian security summit in Singapore at the weekend, and reported today by German newspapers Der Tagesspiegel and Die Welt.
Asked why a nuclear power such as North Korea was being treated differently from Iraq, where hardly any weapons of mass destruction had been found, the deputy defence minister said: "Let's look at it simply. The most important difference between North Korea and Iraq is that economically, we just had no choice in Iraq. The country swims on a sea of oil."
Mr Wolfowitz went on to tell journalists at the conference that the US was set on a path of negotiation to help defuse tensions between North Korea and its neighbours - in contrast to the more belligerent attitude the Bush administration displayed in its dealings with Iraq.
His latest comments follow his widely reported statement from an interview in Vanity Fair last month, in which he said that "for reasons that have a lot to do with the US government bureaucracy, we settled on the one issue that everyone could agree on: weapons of mass destruction."
Prior to that, his boss, defence secretary Donald Rumsfeld, had already undermined the British government's position by saying Saddam Hussein may have destroyed his banned weapons before the war.
Mr Wolfowitz's frank assessment of the importance of oil could not come at a worse time for the US and UK governments, which are both facing fierce criticism at home and abroad over allegations that they exaggerated the threat posed by Saddam Hussein in order to justify the war.
Amid growing calls from all parties for a public inquiry, the foreign affairs select committee announced last night it would investigate claims that the UK government misled the country over its evidence of Iraq's WMD.
The move is a major setback for Tony Blair, who had hoped to contain any inquiry within the intelligence and security committee, which meets in secret and reports to the prime minister.
In the US, the failure to find solid proof of chemical, biological and nuclear arms in Iraq has raised similar concerns over Mr Bush's justification for the war and prompted calls for congressional investigations.
Mr Wolfowitz is viewed as one of the most hawkish members of the Bush administration. The 57-year old expert in international relations was a strong advocate of military action against Afghanistan and Iraq.
Following the September 11 terror attacks on the World Trade Centre and Pentagon, Mr Wolfowitz pledged that the US would pursue terrorists and "end" states' harbouring or sponsoring of militants.
Prior to his appointment to the Bush cabinet in February 2001, Mr Wolfowitz was dean and professor of international relations at the Paul H Nitze School of Advanced International Studies (SAIS), of the Johns Hopkins University.
[MY GOD!!! What do these criminals have to do for the American people to throw them out of office and into jail where they belong?!?!?! They lie through their teeth, kill thousands of innocent people, and then admit their reason for doing so was greed, and the American public accepts it?!?!?!
I guess America really does deserve Bush. If the American people are too lazy and stupid to care and would rather feel secure or strong or have all the answers spoon fed to them then I guess they deserve to lose their jobs, lose their homes, lose their freedoms...they've already given up their integrity and honor. The people and government of the United States have shown themselves to be some of the most ignorant, indifferent, and greedy on the face of the earth, and I am ashamed to be among them.]
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What Is Patriotism?
Charley Reese
What with all the flag-waving, pro-war and anti-war rallies, Memorial Day observances and so forth, it seems to be a good time to consider exactly what patriotism is and what it isn't.
The best definition I've run across is "love of the land and its people." Most of us who live in an urban environment might not have the same feelings about land that our more agrarian ancestors felt, but we still become attached to places. Familiarity in this case breeds affection. Who doesn't feel affection for the areas where they were born, grew up and lived?
A patriotic love of land, of course, means our own nation — that land within the borders of the United States. The land immediately on the other side of the borders — say, in Canada — might look just like our land, but it isn't. I feel more at home on the New York side of the Niagara River than I do on the Canadian side, and I am a Southerner. But Southerner or Yankee or Westerner, we are all Americans. Despite the similarities, the United States and Canada are distinctly different countries with different forms of government, different cultures and different traditions.
What makes us unique as a people is certainly not race or ethnicity or religion. We're a hodgepodge of those things. What makes us unique is that we do not take an oath to a politician or to a political party or even to a government. Our oaths in this country are to the Constitution, that written charter of government and basic rights.
Teddy Roosevelt, one of the few geniuses to occupy the White House, once said that an American citizen should stand by a public official only so long as and to the extent that the public official stands by the Constitution. This is entirely consistent with America's founding philosophy. If we have to choose between a politician and the Constitution, we must choose the Constitution. To support a politician who doesn't support the Constitution is to be disloyal to the very thing that makes America, America.
That being the case, it would be a good idea for all Americans to read their Constitution. It's not a lawyer's document. It was written in plain English by some very intelligent men and was intended for public consumption. There are some ambiguities that could lead to honest disagreement about the meaning, but they are mostly on minor points. Americans should also read The Federalist papers, a collection of newspaper articles written during the constitutional ratification debate.
There is no room at all for the ridiculous interpretations some judges and others have made of the Constitution. It was intended to be strictly construed, not surrealistically construed, and if changes are needed, they should be amended by the process the Constitution provides. All Americans should object strenuously to "amendment by interpretation." That is as anti-American, as anti-democratic as you can get.
Too many Americans, it seems to me, associate patriotism exclusively with war. A constitutional war in defense of our land and our people naturally deserves support. The last war that fits that description ended in 1945. Since then, more than 100,000 Americans have died in battle, but not in defense of our land and our people. Since we are a free people, presumably able to control our government, that is our fault. We must learn not to be so susceptible to demagoguery and propaganda. We were never intended to be a people who would shout "Heil Bush" (or Clinton, Nixon, Reagan or anybody else).
The greatest dangers facing us today cannot be solved militarily, yet these civilian concerns are being de-emphasized by unnecessary wars against Third World countries. We had better concentrate on rebuilding the United States rather than Iraq or Afghanistan, and we had better worry more about the health of our people than sending our money to Africa or Asia.
Love and concern for our land and our people is the patriotic duty of every American. How about supporting all of the American people for a change instead of just those in uniform? Let us not throw away the very things so many Americans died to protect for some cockamamie scheme to run the whole world.
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