This is a mysticete family of two genera and three species. They are found near in most waters of the temperate and polar regions.
Right and bowhead whales are large whales, reaching up to 18 m in length and over 100,000 kg weight. Their heads are huge, nearly 1/3 of their total length. The dorsal fin is either lacking. Flippers are short and rounded. The throats of balaenids are smooth, lacking the furrows or grooves of some other mysticetes.
The skull of balaenids has reduced nasals, and the frontals are barely exposed on the dorsal surface. The posterior border of the nasals and premaxillae lie anterior to the supraorbital processes of the frontals. The rostrum is high, narrow, and arched. Baleen plates are long and narrow, and they number more than 350 on each side of the upper jaw. The right and left baleen rows are separated in the front of the mouth.
Right whales feed largely on copepods, which they catch by swimming slowly, with their mouths open, through concentrations of these crustaceans. Water flows into the huge mouth and out between the baleen plates. Food is trapped on the fringes of the plates and scraped off with the tongue. They normally feed at or near the surface.
These whales live singly or in small groups of up to 3 or 4 individuals. Their stocks were severely depleted by whaling, and they remain low. The name "right whale" is said to have originated because these were the "right" whales for whalers to kill.
 right whale |
 right whale breeching |
 right whale entangled |
 bowhead whales |
 bowhead whales (artistic edition) |
 bowhead whale fluke |
 bowhead whale (aerial view) |
families of Mysticetes: Balaenidae -- right and bowhead whales Neobalaenidae -- pygmy right whale Balaenopteridae -- rorquals Eschrichtiidae -- gray whale families of Odontocetes: Physeteridae -- sperm whale Monodontidae -- narwhal and white whale Ziphiidae -- beaked whales Delphinidae -- ocean dolphins Phocoenidae -- porpoises Platanistidae -- river dolphins
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