The name given to systems that attempt to specify pay for various jobs
based on their arduousness, their requirements for skills,
education, and so on.
Different economic opportunities being offered to persons on the basis of
personal characteristics unrelated to the jobs them selves.
An income or wealth distribution that causes the economic system to
function less well than it would under a different income
distribution.
An income or wealth distribution that does not correspond to some
standard based on what is believed to be just or fair.
How wealth and income are distributed between labor, property, and other
sources of income.
A measure of inequality computed by dividing the area of inequality shown
by a Lorenz curve by the whole right-triangle area below the
line of equality in the Lorenz-curve diagram.
Dissatisfaction about the particular people at the upper and lower ends
of the income or wealth distribution.
An illustration of inequality that is constructed by plotting the
percentage of total income received by successive percentages of
the population, starting from the lowest-income persons and
proceeding cumulatively upward.
Excessive inequality or equality of personal income or wealth.
A system whereby persons who receive less than a specified amount of
income receive payments from the government, and persons who
receive more than that amount of income pay money to the
government.
The distribution of income and wealth by income brackets or size
classifications.
Income levels below which poverty is said to exist.
Taxation that takes a larger percentage of income from those with high
incomes than from those with low incomes.
A measurement of income inequality that compares the percentage of total
income received by the highest k percent of the population with
the percentage of total income received by the lowest k percent.
