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History Past Paper Essay-Type Questions (1994-99)

China (1800-1912)

1. Compare the Boxer Uprisings with respect to their causes and affects.
2. How far did Sun Yixian contribute to the ending of the Manchu rule in 1912?

1. Assess the importance of the opium trade in leading to war between China and Britain in 1839.
2. 'Late Qing history is a history of China's responses to foreign challenges.' Comment on the viewpoint with reference to the period 1850-1912.

1. 'In the first half on the 19^th century. China's domestic conditions fitted the phenomenon of dynastic decline.' Do you agree with this statement? Explain your answer.
2. Analyse the views and methods put forward by officials and scholars to help China achieve 'wealth and power' during the period 1850-1900.

1. Compare foreign economic activities in China in the early 19^th century with those in the late 19^th century. Focus your discussion on the nature of such activities and the conditions under which they were carried out.
2. Analyse the constitutionalists' attitudes towards the revolutionaries and the Qing government up to the fall of the Qing dynasty in February 1912.

1. In what way did the Taipings threaten the established order in China? To what extent were the reforms carried out in the Tongzhi period (1862-74) a response to that threat?
2. With reference to two 'unequal treaties' signed by China in the period 1842-1901, analyse the nature of 'unequal treaties' and their effects on China.

1. Identify and explain the major sources of Sino-Western conflicts in the period 1800-56.
2. Analyze the nature of popular uprisings in China in the period 1850-1912.