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REFERENCE BOOKS

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WHAT REFERENCE BOOKS WE'RE READING
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"The New Fowler's Modern English Usage"
edited by R.W. Burchfield
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English is dead! Long live English! Ever since Gutenberg, we've had a tumultuous, mutually frustrating relationship with our language; it seems that every time we think we've got all the rules nailed down, common parlance has totally changed. "The New Fowler's Modern English Usage," completely rewritten by "OED" editor R.W. Burchfield, is seen by some as betraying the effort to contain the language by acceding to the popularity of certain incorrect usages. They fear that the postmodern view--seeing language as a tool of unfettered communication--might lead us toward an electronic Babel of full mutual unintelligibility. Burchfield is careful with his words to avoid this trap; though he uses "incorrect" less than some would like, he also makes sure to tell us that certain usages are "objectionable" or "awkward." Fully as comprehensive as earlier editions, incorporating many new 20th-century words ("Watergate," "Irangate," and their fellows are here to stay), and thoughtfully written, "The New Fowler's" is a blessing for 21st-century writers. Those who loved Fowler's endearingly irascible writing should hang onto their first or second editions, for Burchfield's passion lies more in description than rhetoric, and the third edition is consequently drier than its predecessors. Still, for utility and exploration of our still-living language, "The New Fowler's Modern English Usage" is essential.

"The Complete Idiot's Guide to Online Genealogy"
by Rhonda McClure
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If you want to learn more about your family, now's the time to start. With the advent of the Internet, there's more information available than ever before, and it's easier to access now than in the good old days of musty libraries and records halls. "The Complete Idiot's Guide to Online Genealogy" by Rhonda McClure will have you wired and digging up dirt (or gold) in just an hour or two. Even the most ardent computer hater will have to admit that the search is simpler, and McClure makes the case clearly. Her charming prose is well complemented by online images and hint boxes scattered liberally on each page. Specific sites are mentioned as well as general means of searching for family data, so even if one site disappears you can still get what you need. The book covers the basics of both gathering family data and online searches, so if you're not quite up to speed on one or the other, you can quickly figure it out. After you've browsed a bit and started collecting information, the later chapters help you to communicate with other researchers, mine government records, and even publish your own results online. It's not hard to learn plenty about your family's history; whether you want to get in touch with your roots, glean medical information to improve your own health, or give your kids something to think about, "The Complete Idiot's Guide to Online Genealogy" is for you.

"Getting Permission: How to License & Clear Copyrighted Materials Online & Off"
by Richard Stim
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Whether you're a musician, writer, or collage artist, at some point you'll run into the problem of copyright. Nolo Press has come to the rescue with "Getting Permission," by intellectual property attorney Richard Stim, providing everything you need from information about the proper permit and how to get it, to ready-to-use forms and links to information resources online and off. Even if you've never looked into the sometimes murky world of copyright law, you'll be up to speed on concepts such as public domain and fair use after just browsing the first chapter. Additional material on tracking down copyright owners, writing permission letters, and tracking permits makes your job simple, especially if you plan to use many different materials.
Specific chapters cover music rights, artwork, trademarks, Web-site permissions, academic permissions, and the nitty-gritty on fair use. Stim writes clearly and forcefully, and isn't afraid to acknowledge that some aspects of his subject are still unclear. Advising caution in these legal frontiers, he still sticks with Nolo's empowerment theme by helping you keep up with the latest trends from home. The book comes with a PC floppy disk containing computer-ready forms in ASCII and rich text formats--a marvelous aid to the wired artist. If you want to use someone else's work legally but don't want to consult with an attorney, sample the power of DIY with Nolo Press's "Getting Permission."

"Effective Writing"
by Bruce Ross-Larson
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Bruce Ross-Larson's "Effective Writing" wraps three of his little books about writing--"Stunning Sentences," "Powerful Paragraphs," and "Riveting Reports"--into one volume. With these three little jewels, the author aims to eradicate sloppy writing from Web pages, office memos, budget reports, and the like. For "Stunning Sentences," Ross-Larson inspects and categorizes well-wrought sentences of all shapes and sizes by the likes of Vladimir Nabokov, Henry Luce, and Mary Lee Settle. He isolates every type of sentence imaginable, from imperatives and fragments to "cascades" (sentences that, well, cascade), in an attempt to identify just what effect choice of sentence structure has on the reader. What does adding an extra conjunction to a series do to a sentence? What does dropping a conjunction do? The book is a terrific tool for making a writer conscious of the impact of his or her writing at the sentence level.
Once you've got sentences down, it's time to move on to paragraphs. Surprise: a paragraph is more than "a collection of sentences framed by an indent and a carriage return." It also has to be "unified, coherent, and well developed." Ross-Larson starts with the opening paragraph, which needs to "grab your readers' attention, rivet them to your message, and propel them through your argument." From there, he elucidates the many ways to organize a paragraph, and then the many ways to link each of your well-toned paragraphs to one another. He provides fantastic examples from The Economist and other sources.
Finally, it's time to put it all together. The significant word in the "Riveting Reports" section of the book is "plan." Define your message, define your audience, define your purpose. Then figure out, paragraph by paragraph, how to present your message to your audience to achieve your purpose. Use examples, Ross-Larson insists: "An ounce of example," he says, "is worth a ton of abstract generalization." And try taping your completed draft up on the wall. It's an ideal way to see it all at once, and excellent for slash-and-burn editing

"The Companion to African Literatures"
edited by Douglas Killam and Ruth Rowe
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There's a whole continent's worth of literature that remains largely unexplored. Pick up "The Companion to African Literatures" and find out what you're missing; even if you're a professional in the field there's sure to be plenty here to keep you going to the library. Edited by Douglas Killam and Ruth Rowe, this deceptively slim volume covers a wide range of authors, works, and themes from Cape Town to Casablanca. Read up on the lives of Nadine Gordimer, Chinua Achebe, and Wole Soyinka; delve into the influence of postmodern criticism, religious traditions, and oral storytelling on the written word; explore the poetry and drama of the colonists and the colonized. Hundreds of entries lavish detail on sometimes obscure works or artists, often deserving wider attention. Entries are relatively brief but contain plenty of information for further research--and, better still, inspire such research with well-written analyses of the political, social, and artistic merits of their subjects. A country-author guide is included to aid the regional researcher, but that's the extent of the indexing; still, the cross-referencing is detailed enough to make this a great boon to the student or critic of African literature.

FUN STUFF FOR REFERENCE FANS
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Call us wacky, but we think every really cool library has a skull perched somewhere on a shelf--maybe it was all those Vincent Price movies we watched as kids. While a real skull might be a little too much, Skullduggery has a series of great replicas that would really make a decorating statement in your library or on your desk. We especially like the Neanderthal cranium replica, but there are plenty of others--from Australopithecus africanus to an orangutan--to keep you armchair paleontologists amused for hours. Check Sale Price

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