issue 65 December, 2005

Welcome to Kildonan Times ezine! Kildonan Times is the occasional newsletter/ezine of the novels, Clovenstone, Stones Seven, and beyond to things medieval, Celtic, literary, and mythic.

Clovenstone and Stones Seven are two volumes of the Clovenstone Chronicles, tales from the mystic land of Kildonan. Travel with a troupe of impovrished performers, the Nonesuch Players, as they delve into caves, climb mountains,and struggle with gods and kings in their search for the past. Join their battles, live their fears. Grab your sword and go to Clovenstone Chronicles website to live sample chapters of the books. They are available at Amazon.com, Books-a-Million.com, BarnesandNoble.com, and other online bookstores, or can be ordered at your neighborhood bookstore.

Ruth McIntyre-Williams, author

'Tis the month of the Winter Solstice, the longest night of the year.

'Tis a month of celebrations for most Western religions.

'Tis King Arthur's birthday month

'Tis the Winter Solstice in Florida.
The Solstice happens whether it snows or not.

The Months in Gaelic
Breton:

kerzu, kerdu, keverdu - December

Cornish:

Cevardhu - December

Irish:

nollaig - December

Manx:

Mee ny Nollick - December

Scottish:

meadhonach a' gheamhraidh(midwinter) - December

Welsh:

Rhagfyr - December

The Basic Astronomical Feast Days of Celtia
*Nov 1 (2, 3) Samheim, Sanhuinn, the first day of winter; the day half way between the Autumnal Equinox and the Winter solstice - a cross-quarter day May 1 Beltaine (Beltane, Beltainne) The First Day of Summer, May Day; the day half way between the Vernal Equinox and the Summer Solstice - a cross quarter day
December 21 (22, or 23) Winter Solstice; the longest night of the year. June 21 (22, or 23) Midsummer, Summer Solstice; the longest day of the year
*February 2 (3,4,5,6) Imbolg, Imbolc; the day halfway between the Winter Solstice and the Spring Equinox-a cross-quarter day August 1 Lammas, Lughnasa, Lugnasada, Lunasa - the beginning of the harvest season; the day halfway between the Summer Solstice and the Åutumnal Equinox - a cross-quarter day
March 21 (22, or 23) The Vernal Equinox, The First Day of Spring, Alban Eiler; when day and night have equal hours September 21 (22, or 23) Autumnal Equinox, The First Day of Fall; when day and night have equal hours
*Note: the cross-quarter dates can vary. August 1 and May 1 are traditional festivals and therefore designated as cross-quarter days even though they may not be exactly between the equinoxes and solstices. The February and November cross-quarter dates rely on either custom or actual reckoning, and can vary.

HOLIDAY GREENS

In my discussions of herbs in all the issues of Kildonan Times, I present only general information. It is not intended to be a guide for the use of the herbs. If you wish to use any of the herbs described in Kildonan Times, consult an herbalist or a definitive guide book to using herbs.

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Holly and Ivy and Evergreen branches have been part of midwinter celebrations for, well, just about forever. They have been held by many religions and many cultures the world over. Their charm is their beauty year around. All plants are herbs, but as herbs go, beauty is about all the these evergreens have.

There's an old woods saying that "all blue berries are safe to eat, some red berries are safe to eat, and all white berries are poisonous." Red, shiny, holly berries are mildly poisonous to adults, and dangerous to children. They have been used in the past to cause vomiting. The leaves, however, have been dried, crushed, and used as a medicinal tea by Asians, American Indians, and others. Some varieties of holly are a stimulant and even hallucinogenic. Others can relax a person, are used as diuretics, or used to treat coughs and colds.

Ivy plants have been and are used as a poultice to treat neuralgia, rheumatism, and sciatica. It is an ancient plant, and was used by the early Greeks to cure intoxication. Culpeper, the great herbalist of the 1600s, concurred. His advice was: There seems to be a very great antipathy between wine and Ivy; for if one hath got a surfeit by drinking of wine, his speediest cure is to drink a draught of the same wine wherein a handful of Ivy leaves, being first bruised, have been boiled. (The Complete Herbal, Chapter 168)

When I did survival outings years ago in Michigan, one thing we lived on was tea made from evergreen (pine, balsam, spruce, etc.) needles. I use the term "lived" loosely. The needles were practically flavorless and offered no nutrition except a little of vitamins C and A. But the tea was hot, and when you're very, very hungry, there's a lot of psychological satisfaction from hot water with things floating in it.

Japanese folk medicine prescribed drinking the water from boiled pine cones for throat cancer. The Department of Health analyzed such water, and did find minute amounts of anticarcinogenic chemicals in it.

Here's an Astrological Cure for severe congestion from the Old Farmer's Almanac. This cure was posted November 5, 2005.

FOR SEVERE CONGESTION:

Place pine needles and cones in a kettle filled with water. Boil. Then cover your head and hold your face over the kettle and breathe in the steam from this herbal cure. About 30 minutes of treatment relieves nasal congestion and eases throat problems.

Might be worth a try, though I suspect that the warm moisture is more of a factor than the pine.

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My basic herb references for the herbs I use either for food or medicine in this feature are: The Herb Book by John Lust (Bantam Books), Rodale's Encyclopedia of Herbs (Rodale Press) and Herbs by Lesley Bremness (DK Publishing), plus several websites.

*We are what we repeatedly do. - Aristotle

*Don't worry about the world coming to an end today. It's already tomorrow in Australia Charles Schultz

*Life is a great big canvas.  Throw all the paint on it you can. Unknown

*When you use words, you're able to keep your mind alive. Writing is my way of reaffirming my own existence. Gao Xingjian

MINCEMEAT

Mincemeat is just about my favorite pie. I've already eaten one, all by myself, this holiday season. I'd like to have them year 'round, but stores only put out mincemeat pies, ready-made, for the holidays. I know, I should just make my own, and perhaps I shall for the next one, when we have guests. I used to always make my own pies, and even made my own mincemeat and canned it. My mother canned mincemeat, so did my grandmother McIntyre. But modern conveniences have made me lazy, I guess. I still reminisce, though, about those home made mince pies of yore.

When my father made mince pie, he "doctored" it up the dried mincemeat with sliced fresh apples, chopped black walnuts, wine, and whatever else was around that appealed to him. His mince pies had personality! Even though we used meat in our home made mincemeat, we also put in fruit and sugar. Venison makes good mincemeat, more flavorful than beef. Medieval mincemeat was much meatier and less sweet. If you order mince pie in Maine, prepare yourself. They are purists up there, and their mince pies are mostly meat. Period. Oh, they add a few spices, but I've never noticed much spice flavor. I've had mince pie at church suppers and in restaurants along the Maine coast. They're meat.

Somewhere along the way I lost my mother's recipe for mincemeat. I was happy, then, to find a history of mincemeat and a recipe for mincemeat last month in my email newsletter, King Arthur's Baking Sheet, from King Arthur Flour in Vermont. I guess they do it differently in Vermont, as this recipe has more fruit than in coastal Maine.

From King Arthur Flour:

"Our version is a typical New England mincemeat. It will make 2 quarts, enough for 2 1/2 to 3 dozen small pies (or tarts) or three 9-inch pies. We are giving you the whole process from mincemeat to pies even though the mincemeat is best when it's made several weeks ahead of time to allow the flavors to mature. Make enough for Thanksgiving and then keep some to mellow for Christmas. We'll even give you some ideas for using mincemeat that you might not have thought of.

These ingredients for mincemeat are by no means written in stone. If some aren't available, substitute what you have on hand or what appeals to your own sense of taste. If you're a vegetarian, you can even leave out the meat.

The important thing when you make this is to surround it with a bit of ceremony. One legend says that everyone needs to stir it once clockwise while it cooks, or while it's "ripening," to bring luck in the New Year.

INGREDIENTS
1 pound venison or lean beef
1 quart apple cider (or 2 cups cider and 2 cups cranberry juice)
1 cup maple syrup
1 cup brown sugar, packed
1 teaspoon cinnamon
1 teaspoon mace
1/4 teaspoon allspice
1/4 teaspoon nutmeg
1/4 teaspoon cloves
1/4 pound ground suet or 1/4 pound (1 stick) butter
1/2 pound currants (1 1/2 cups firmly packed)
1/2 pound golden raisins (1 1/2 cups firmly packed)
1/2 pound fresh cranberries, cut in half (about 1 cup), or 1/2 cup dried cranberries
minced rind and juice of 1 lemon (or orange if you like it less tart)
1/4 cup "spirits"
1 cup blanched, chopped almonds or other nuts (optional, for crunch)
granulated sugar to sprinkle on top of small pies (optional)

INSTRUCTIONS

Trim the meat if necessary and dice it into small cubes. Pour the cider into a large saucepan or small kettle and add the sweeteners and spices. Add the meat and bring this mixture to a boil, then turn down and simmer for about 2 hours, or until the meat is tender.

Remove the meat with a slotted spoon, turn off the heat and add the currants, raisins, cranberries and lemon rind and juice to the hot cider/broth mixture. Let these steep while you grind or mince the meat along with the suet, if you're using it. (Suet gives depth to the flavor of the mixture.)

Return the meat (and suet) to the fruit mixture, bring back to a boil and then down to a simmer for about 1/2 hour. Boil off enough liquid so the mixture is thick.

If you opted not to use suet, melt and blend in the butter at this point. Butter was used in place of suet in years past but was considered a luxury in a pie. Since these days we're more apt to have butter around, it may not be quite such a luxury for us and may be more to our 20th century taste.

After the mixture has cooled, add 1/4 cup of "spirits." This may be anything from a maple liqueur to brandy to rum to a hearty red wine. This adds flavor and helps preserve the mincemeat.

Cover and store mincemeat in a cool place for 2 or more weeks if you have time. Give it an occasional stir (clockwise!) And add 2 or 3 more tablespoons of spirits if you wish.

YULE

"Deck the halls with boughs of holly, Tra-la-la-la-la, la-la-la-la
'Tis the season to be jolly, Tra-la-la-la-la, la-la-la-la
Don we now our gay apparel, Tra-la-la, la-la-la, la-la-la
Troll the ancient Yuletide carol. Tra-la-la-la-la-la-la-la-la.

See the blazing Yule before us, Tra-la-la-la-la, la-la-la-la
Strike the harp and join the chorus, Tra-la-la-la-la, la-la-la-la
Follow me now in merry measure, Tra-la-la, la-la-la, la-la-la
While I tell of Yuletide treasure. Tra-la-la-la-la-la-la-la-la.

Yule and Christmas are used interchangeably by modern Christians. The historic carol above is sung in Christian homes and churches, has been for years. But, like the holly and the ivy and many other traditions, Yule was assimilated into Christianity from ancient pagan festivities and traditions.

Yule celebrations on the Winter Solstice began in dim history in Scandinavia. Origins of the word are conjectural, and little is known of early Yule observances other than the burning of the Yule log. Nordic culture spread to the British Isles and western Europe beginning in about 900 A.D. and brought Yule with it. The early Celts, the Picts, the Druids held Yule as an important festival in their religious practices.

Modern Wiccans and Neo-Pagans celebrate Yule with carols, greeting cards, holiday foods, family get-togethers and modern versions of ancient rituals. They do as the ancient pagans did, they adorn their homes with holly, ivy, other greens. They light Yule logs and candles. They decorate evergreen trees and hang mistletoe. They have a holiday feast, which is likely to feature ham. It all is very similar to Christian holiday practices except, of course, the rituals and religious beliefs are different.

One of the early customs in pre-Christian Scandinavia at the Yule was to sacrifice a pig to the god Freyr. In Scandinavia today the custom of ham at Christmas can be followed back to that ancient practice. Not only in Scandinavia, but here in the U.S., ham is often served at Christmas, and is a favorite Christmas gift. Wiccans and Neo-Pagans serve ham at Yule. Freyr, in the old Norse mythology, was the god of peace and pleasure. Christmas is a Christian time of peace. Everyone works for the same goals.

As to that familiar carol up there at the top of this article? It's hardly old at all. The music is an traditional Welsh melody. Mozart used the tune in a piano and violin duet in the 1700's. The words that were set to that familiar tune are thought to be American from the 1800s.

God Jul! (Swedish for Good Yule)

MORE MUSINGS AND SOME SNIPPETS

Instead of my ramblings this month, I'm just going to pass on to you pieces of information that I've picked up in my web surfing, or that have been sent to me by friends. Enjoy the reading!

This was sent to me by Hawkeye, a Celtic Wiccan High Priest and husband of my Celtic Wiccan friend, Donna.

"In the Norse tradition, Yule is a 12-night long celebration, a concept which probably came from the Pagan Near East, where it eventually became incorporated into Christian myths. The first eve of Yule (the night before Solstice), is called Mother Night, and is a night when the Norse pagans sit up and await the rising and re-birth of their Sun Goddess, Freya. It is also a night for spirit contact in celebration with one's ancestors in much the same manner as the Celts observe Samhain. The Norse Goddess, Holde, Guardian of the Spirit World, opens her doors at Yule to all sincere seekers. The final night of observance, called "Twelfth Night" became, for awhile, the 9th Sabbat. This is on the Norse Pagan calendar." (From the book Sabbats by Edain McCoy)

Spinning the Dreidel, a Hanukkah Game

Those who would like to quickly part with their gelt (money) play the game of Dreidel (spinning top). On the Dreidel are Hebrew letters Nune, Gimel, Shin, and Hay. On the surface, those letters stand for “Nes Gadol Hayah Sham - A great miracle happened there” Each player puts the same amount of something— nuts, raisins, pennies, or chocolate coins in the middle, which is called “the pot”. Play proceeds clockwise around the circle of players. Each player takes a turn spinning the Dreidel. Whatever the Dreidel lands on decides what you are to do.

HAY: you get half of the pot.
GIMEL: you get ALL of the pot.
NUNE: you get nothing.
SHIN: you must put 1 (nut, or raising, or penny, etc.) in the pot.

Whoever has the most in the end wins! (From BiblicalHolidays.com/Hanukkah)

In many rural areas of Ireland still today the custom of whitewashing the outhouses and stores prevails. At one time, it was the whole farm, inside and out. The women would scrub and polish everything 'til it shone, and the men would take a bucket of whitewash, or limewash, and purify everything in honour of the coming of the Christchild.

This custom goes back long before Christianity or even Celtic civilisation. It was a purifying ceremony from the most ancient of times. The ancient Mesopotamians, 4000BC, would cleanse their homes, sweep the streets even, in an attempt to assist their god in his battle against the powers of chaos. And in Central European lore, it was believed that the deity, Frigg, would check all the threshholds of each house to make sure they were swept clean.

The links are so tightly intertwined, it becomes difficult to separate one belief from another. Christmas is like a Tapestry, tightly and colourfully woven. It is almost impossible to find a thread and trace it to its beginning in the picture. From this ancient custom comes the modern traditions of putting up fresh curtains, a special Christmas Bedcover, cushions and table linens etc. (From Christmasarchives.com)

It is generally acknowledged that the Christmas tree is of German origin. In the pre-Christian era the oak was the sacred tree for the Germanic peoples. Legend has it that the missionary to the Germans, St. Boniface, in order to stop sacrifices at their sacred Donar Oak near Geismar, chopped the tree down [725 A.D.]. He is said to have replaced the oak by a fir tree, adorned in tribute to the new-born Christ. Ironically, the evergreen tree has been ascribed magical power by the Germanic peoples as a representation of fertility. Today, the fir and its next of kin enjoy the highest degree of popularity. The Christmas tree custom has spread across large parts of the world. (Ruth Reichmann Max Kade German-American Center, IUPUI)

And, as always, tell your aunts, uncles, cousins and friends about the novels of Clovenstone Chronicles. Give them an adventure!

Good Fate Be Yours —
Ruth

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All art work and text © copyrighted by Ruth McIntyre-Williams unless otherwise noted.