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Population: 12,071,842 (1995)
Capital: Harrisburg, Population 52,376 (1990)
Nickname: Keystone State
Year of Admission: December 12, 1787
Order of Admission: 2

Area: 45,759 sq miles (118,515 sq kilometers) (the 33rd biggest state).
Location: Pennsylvania is situated on the Northeast of United States
Borders: New York on the North, New Jersey & Delaware on the East, Maryland & West Virginia on the South & Ohio on the West
Climate:
Because of the prevailing westerly winds that sweep weather systems eastward from the interior of the continent, the Atlantic Ocean has a relatively small effect on Pennsylvania's climate. The state has climates that are generally known as humid continental. There are distinct seasonal variations and an abundance of rainfall. Although average temperatures in the north are cooler than those in the south, altitude is particularly important in accounting for climatic variations. Lowland Pennsylvania includes the Atlantic Coastal Plain and the low-lying hills of the southeast, the valleys of the Ridge and Valley, and the river valleys converging on Pittsburgh. Upland Pennsylvania includes the higher ridges of the Ridge and Valley and most of the Allegheny Plateaus. Summers are short and winters are comparatively severe. A third type of climate is prevalent in a small area near Lake Erie. The climate there is influenced by the presence of the lake, which is warmer in winter and cooler in summer than the surrounding land. Rainfall is heaviest during spring and summer, when it is most needed for growing crops. Snowfall is fairly heavy throughout much of the Allegheny Plateaus, and snow remains on the ground for most of the winter.
Elevation extremes:
Lowest point: Sea Level
Highest point: Mount Davis - 3,213 feet (979 m)
Land Area:
 44,820 sq miles
Water area:
 939 sq miles


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