Outcomes

The Investiture Controversy actually did not end until the early 1100s. So what were the immediate outcomes? The death of Gregory in 1085 seemed to signal an end for the Church. Not only had his grandiose policies failed, he had failed, and as the symbol of the Church, this spelled trouble.

Had Urban II, formerly Odo, not been appointed, the Church might very well have gone under. How so? Urban II was the perfect candidate--through skillful use of charm and diplomacy, he managed to succeed where Gregory VII had failed--forging new links between government and church.