High speed photographic systems like the image rotation camera, the Cranz Schardin camera and the drum camera are typically used for recording and visualization of dynamic events in stress analysis, fluid mechanics, etc. All these systems are fairly expensive and generally not simple to use. Furthermore they are all based on photographic film recording systems requiring time
consuming and tedious wet processing of the films. Digital cameras are replacing the conventional cameras, to certain extent in static experiments. Recently, there is lot of interest in developing and modifying CCD architectures and recording arrangements for dynamic scene analysis. Herein we report the use of a CCD camera operating in the Time Delay and Integration(TDI) mode for digitally recording dynamic photoelastic stress patterns. Applications in strobe and streak photoelastic pattern recording and system limitations will be explained in the paper.
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We have used resonant Raman scattering as a novel, noninvasive in vivo optical technique to measure the concentration of macular carotenoid pigments in the living human retina. Using a backscattering geometry and resonant molecular excitation in the visible, we measure the Raman peaks that originate from the single- and double-bond stretch vibrations of the p -conjugated molecule's carbon backbone. The Raman signals scale linearly with carotenoid content, whereas the required laser excitation is well under safety limits for macular exposure. The Raman technique is objective and quantitative and may lead to a new method for rapid screening of carotenoid pigment levels in large human populations that are at risk for vision loss from age-related macular degeneration, the leading cause of blindness of the elderly in the United States. [Optical Society of America ]
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Digital Imaging Colorimeter
for Fast Measurement of Chromaticity Coordinates and Luminance Uniformity of Displays
David R.Jenkins, Dingeman C.Beuzekom, Gerry Kollman, C. Benjamin Wooley, Ron Rykowski
Color and luminance uniformity testing of displays is often limited to fewer than ten measurement points on the display surface due to the length of time necessary to make a single point measurement. A CCD-based digital imaging tristimulus colorimeter has been developed which is capable of measuring luminance and chromaticity coordinates at over one million spatial locations in several seconds. The Four-Color Method of colorimeter calibration, recently proposed by NIST, has been employed and found to be superior to single point
calibration using Illuminant A. color and luminance uniformity of a CRT and LCD display were measured using the new digital imaging tristimulus colorimeter and a diode array spectrometer. The data show that chromaticity coordinate and luminance measurements using the CCD-based imaging tristimulus colorimeter compare favorably with the point measurements obtained using a diode array spectrometer over the color gamut of a CRT and LCD display.
EAP Book
http://spie.org/web/abstracts/oepress/pm98.html
The book is entitled "Electroactive Polymer (EAP) Actuators as Artificial Muscles - Reality, Potential and Challenges." In its scope and content this book marks an important milestone for this emerging field. It is structured by topics and leading experts contributed to its 21 chapters. The book covers an overview of the field, the biological model, existing EAP materials (divided into three groups: electronic, ionic and molecular), theoretical models, fabrication techniques, characterization methods as well as current and potential applications (e.g, biologically inspired robots, entertainment, haptic interfaces, space, and many others).
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