Biological Molecules Self Test Name:
1. Which atoms
are always found in organic molecules?
A. carbon and
hydrogen B.
carbon and oxygen C. carbon and
nitrogen
D. oxygen and
nitrogen E.
oxygen and hydrogen
2. Which of the
following is NOT an organic molecule?
A. glucose B. lipid C.
protein D.
water E.
DNA
3. Which of the
following statements is NOT correct about organic molecules?
A. Organic
molecules are often associated with living organisms.
B. Organic
molecules always have ionic bonding between atoms.
C. Organic
molecules always contain carbon and hydrogen.
D. Organic
molecules may be quite large, with many atoms.
4. ______ is the
process of splitting of a bond within a larger molecule by the addition of
water.
A. Emulsification B.
Ionization C.
Dissociation D. Dehydration synthesis
E. Hydrolysis
5. Carbohydrates
are macromolecules composed of ______ monomers.
A. amino acid B. monosaccharide C. glycerol and fatty acid D.
nucleotide
6. The process in
which water is removed when two monomers join to form a macromolecule is
A. Emulsification B.
Ionization C.
Dissociation D. Dehydration synthesis
E. Hydrolysis
7. True or False.
When a dipeptide, disaccharide, and a lipid molecule is formed, one water
molecule will be released during the dehydration synthesis reaction of each.
8. True or False.
Glucose, fructose, and galactose are all monosaccharides with the same
molecular formula C6H12O6.
9. True or False.
Glucose is the primary energy source of the body.
10. Which type of
organic macromolecule is used primarily for energy and structure?
A. proteins B.
carbohydrates C.
lipids D. nucleic acids E. NaCl
12. True or
False. Pentoses are sugars that have six carbon atoms.
13. True or
False. Glycogen is the storage form of glucose in plants.
14. True or
False. Maltose is a disaccharide composed of glucose and fructose.
15. Which type of
organic molecule has the ratio of hydrogen atoms to oxygen atoms of
approximately 2:1?
A. carbohydrates B.
lipids C.
proteins D.
nucleic acids E. cholesterol
16. Glucose,
fructose, and galactose are all classified as ______.
A. fatty acids B. amino acids C. polysaccharides D. disaccharides
E.
monosaccharides
17. Which of the
following molecules is not a polysaccharide?
A. starch B.
glycogen C. sucrose D.
cellulose
18. Which type of
carbohydrate is found in plant cell walls and accounts in part for the strong
nature of these walls?
A. glycogen B. starch C.
cellulose D.
galactose E.
ribose
19. Glycerol and
fatty acid are the monomers for the macromolecule ______.
A. protein B.
carbohydrate C. lipid D. nucleic acid
E. steroid
20. ______ occurs
when an oil droplet is dispersed in water.
A. Ionization B. Saturation C. Emulsification D.
Dissociation E. Oxidation
21. A saturated
fatty acid contains more ______ atoms than the same unsaturated fatty acid.
A. carbon B.
oxygen C.
nitrogen D.
phosphorus E. hydrogen
22. When glycerol
combines with three fatty acids, a (an) ______ molecule results.
A. steroid B.
phospholipid C. monoglyceride D. neutral fat E. tripeptide
23. ______ are
lipids containing phosphorus that are very important in cell membranes.
A. Glycerol B. Fatty acids C. Triglycerides D.
Steroids E.
Phospholipids
24. True or
False. Fats do not mix with water because fats are polar molecules.
25. Which type of
organic macromolecule represents a stored energy source and yet is found within
membranes?
A. proteins B.
carbohydrates C.
lipids D.
nucleic acids E.
water
26. True or
False. The polar portion of the phospholipid molecule (head) is
soluble in water,
whereas the two hydrocarbon chains (tails) are not.
27. A (An) ______
has a hydrocarbon chain (a string of carbon atoms with
hydrogen atoms
attached) and ends with the acid group -COOH.
A. amino acid B. fatty acid C. steroid D.
phospholipid E. monosaccharide
28. True or
False. At room temperature, fats are liquids and oils are
solids.
29. True or
False. Water, being a nonpolar molecule, acts as a solvent.
30. Which type of
organic molecule is used for long-term energy storage, insulation against heat
loss, and forms a protective cushion around major organs?
A. carbohydrates B.
proteins C.
lipids D.
nucleic acids E.
salts
31. Which type of
lipid has four fused carbon rings?
A. cholesterol B. triglyceride C. phospholipid D. DNA E.
maltose
32. Which of the
following molecules is not a steroid?
A. cholesterol B. aldosterone C. testosterone D. estrogen E.
phospholipid
33. Proteins are
polymers of ______.
A. amino acids B. nucleotides C.
glycerol and fatty acid D.
monosaccharides
E. disaccharides
34. The bond that
occurs between the acid group of one amino acid and the
amino group of
another amino acid is termed a (an) ______ bond.
A. hydrogen B. weak C.
peptide D.
ionic E.
covalent
35. A ______ is a
string of 100-1000 amino acids joined by peptide bonds.
A. dipeptide B. tripeptide C. polypeptide D. protein E.
nucleotide
36. True or
False. Oxygen and hydrogen atoms associated with a peptide bond share electrons
in such a way that the oxygen carries a partial positive charge and the
hydrogen carries a partial negative charge.
37. Which of the
following types of organic molecules have their monomers
joined by a
peptide bond?
A. proteins B. lipids C.
carbohydrates D.
nucleic acids E. salts
38. Which type of
organic molecule has sometimes a structural role and may act as enzymes?
A. proteins B. lipids C.
carbohydrates D.
DNA
39. True or
False. When proteins are exposed to extreme pH, they can undergo a reversible
change in shape.
40. True or
False. When a strong acid is added to milk, the milk curdles. This is an
example of protein denaturation.
41. What is the
final three-dimensional shape of a protein called?
A. quaternary
structure B. tertiary structure C. secondary
structure D. primary structure
E. molecular
structure
42. The _______
structure of a protein is the linear sequence of the amino acids joined by
peptide bonds.
A. quaternary B. tertiary C. secondary D. primary E.
molecular
43. True or
False. Hemoglobin is a complex protein having a quaternary
structure.
44. True or
False. All amino acids are the same except for their R group.
45. What is the
name of this functional group: COOH ?
A. amino group B. carboxyl group C.
hydrogen bond D.
peptide bond E. saturated
group
46. The ______
structure of a protein comes about when the polypeptide chain takes a
particular orientation in space.
A. quaternary B. tertiary C. primary D.
secondary
47. What are the
components of a nucleotide?
A. glucose,
cholesterol, triglyceride B.
amino acid, fatty acid, phosphate
C. phosphate,
glucose, fatty acid D.
phosphate, hexose sugar, organic base
E. phosphate,
pentose sugar, organic base
48. When
nucleotide monomers join together, the ______ polymer is formed.
A. protein
B. carbohydrate
C. lipid
D. nucleic acid
E. cholesterol
49. The backbone
of a nucleic acid is composed of ______.
A. the nitrogen
bases
B.
sugar-phosphate-sugar-phosphate, etc.
C.
sugar-phosphate-base-sugar-phosphate-base, etc.
D.
sugar-base-sugar-base, etc.
50. ______
molecules are characterized by having two strands of nucleotide polymers held
together by hydrogen bonds.
A. Dipeptide
B. Disaccharide
C. RNA
D. DNA
51. Which
molecule functions as an energy carrier in cells?
A. RNA
B. ATP
C. glucose
D. fatty acid
52. Which type
of macromolecule is used for
reproduction and to control protein synthesis?
A. proteins
B. carbohydrates
C. lipids
D. nucleic acids
53. Which pair
below is mismatched?
A. amino
acid-protein
B.
glycerol-glycogen
C. glucose-starch
D. phosphoric acid-nucleotide