Notes
1For details, see, Musaev, 1995, pp. 277-79. 1
2For a long time, Andijan, Namangan, and Kokand formed the nucleus of a highly civilized society in the Ferghana Valley. The Kyrgyz occupied the Alai region including the Alai mountains and their off-shoots. 2
3 Musaev, 1995, p. 276; Rakhmatullin, 1995, pp. 294-95. 3
4 Auezov, 1995, p. 399 4
5Khizir is the prophet who has discovered the Fountain of Youth. As symbol of defiance of death, he wears a green cloak and roams in the deserts. Travelers who lose their way usually seek the assistance of Khizir.
5
6The genealogy of Nogai is as follows. Kara-Khan is succeeded by Oguz-Khan who, in turn, is succeeded by Baigur and Uigur. Baigur's son, Babir-Khan, is succeeded by Tyubei who, in turn, is succeeded by Kegei. Nogai, Shigai, and Chidir are the sons of Kegei.6
7Marrying the wife of a deceased close relative was a common practice among the nomads of Central Asia. The practice, known as levirate, protects the genealogy line of the tribe as well as the memory of the deceased as often the new wife--in this case Shakan--gives up her original name and goes by the name of her deceased husband--in this case Chiyirdi.7
8May, 1995, vol. 1, p. 12. 8
9May, 1995, vol. 1, p. 10. 9
10May, 1995, vol. 1, p. 44. 10
11May, 1995, vol. 1, p. 52. 11
12To offset the spies of the Chinese Khan, the name of the infant is concealed. While the family knows him as Manas, to the world he is introduced as Chon-Jindi. 12
13May, 1995, vol. 1, p. 62. 13
14May, 1995, vol. 1, p. 78. Note that in Arabic, the short vowels are not written. Hence the written form of the name is MaNaS. 14
15May, 1995, vol. 1, p. 98. 15
16May, 1995, vol. 1, p. 255. 16
17May, 1995, vol. 2, p. 82-83. 17
18May, 1995, vol. 2, pp. 83-84. 18
19May, 1995, vol. 2, p. 89. 19
20May, 1995, vol. 2, p. 114-116. 20
21May, 1995, vol. 2, p. 141. 21
22May, 1995, vol. 2, p. 142. 22
23 May, 1995, vol. 2, p. 157. 23
24May, 1995, vol. 2, p. 159. 24
25May, 1995, vol. 2, p. 187. 25
26Koketei had helped Manas in the course of the latter's defeat of Khan-Panus of Tashkent. For his efforts, Manas had bestowed the rulership of Tashkent on Koketei Khan. 26
27May. 1995, vol. 2, p. 203. 27
28May, 1995, vol. 2, p. 216. 28
29May, 1995, vol. 2, pp. 256-57. 29
30May, 1995, vol. 2, pp. 261-62. 30
31May, 1995, vol. 2, pp. 262-63. 31
32May, 1995, vol. 2, pp. 283-88. 32
33The conflicts between the Chinese and the Kyrgyz must be understood in the context of the Kyrgyz claim to the lands around the Altai. Before Manas and Alo-Oke, the Alai region had served as camping ground for the Kyrgyz. Manas recognizes this right and demands that the Chinese allow the Kyrgyz graze in the region without being harassed by the Chinese. King Alo-Oke denies any such rights. 33
34The term "ak," with the meaning "white," carries special, magical connotations. Used frequently in names, it denotes excellence in quality. The designations of the bogatirs sword or gun usually includes this word. Ak-Kula is Manas's special horse. 34
Top of the page
Home | Tajikistan Update