*w-d- “water”
PMA udan- “water” Sanskrit IENH 483: *w[a|ë]t'- “to moisten, to wet; water” Proto-Nostratic > *w(e|o)t'- “to moisten, to wet; water” Proto-IndoEuropean *wetä “water” Proto-Uralic *o:t- “moisture, dampness, wetness” Proto-Dravidian SIG, IESSG, VISW with n-infix, see below Alternative forms *w-D.- pre-IndoEuropean-Semitic extended with -n- *w-D.-n- pre-IndoEuropean-Semitic with suffixal -n- (alternating with -r-) *w-d-n- Proto-IndoEuropean udán-, udaká- “water” Sanskrit /n./ > /a/ húdat- “water” Greek vato: vatins gen. vatna pl. “water” Gothic votn pl. whence vatn sg. “water” Old Norse *udna: > unda “wave” Latin with originally suffixal -n- *w-d-n- Semitic wadana “soaked” Arabic *w-d- “water, moisten” Proto-IndoEuropean voda: “water” Old Church Slavonian húdo:r “water” Greek watar “water” Old Low German wæter “water” Old English wazzar “water” Old High German *w-d- Semitic extended with -p- wadafa “(the vessel) leaked water by the drop” Arabic extended with -k- wadak.a “it drizzled” Arabic IV “it rained” Arabic wadak.uN “rain” Arabic : *w-d- pre-IndoEuropean-Semitic with n-infix Alternative forms *w-n-D.- pre-IndoEuropean-Semitic *w-n-d- Proto-IndoEuropean *wnéd-ti “moistens” Proto-IndoEuropean unátti “moistens” Sanskrit vandú “water” Lithuanian : *w-n-d- pre-IndoEuropean-Semitic *w-n-t- Proto-IndoEuropean *unþi- Germanic unnir “waves” Old Norse *unþya:- Germanic y:ð “wave” Old English u:ðia “wave” Old Low German undea “wave” Old High German EIEC *wódr “water” *wd-n-s-kyo- uisce “water” Old Irish unda “wave” Latin vatn / va:tr “water” Old Norse wæter “water” Old English water English wazzar “water” Old High German wato: “water” Gothic unds m. “water” Old Prussian wundan n. “water” Old Prussian vanduo: “water” Lithuanian u:dens “water” Latvian voda (-ndn-) “water” Old Church Slavonian *udr-yo-? ujë “water” Albanian húdor, húdatos gen. “water” Greek bedu “water” Phrygian get “river” Armenian wa:tar, witenas gen., wita:r pl. “water” Hittite *wed-? vaidhi “watercourse” Avestan udan-, udnás gen. “water” Sanskrit *udrom wär “water” TokharianA war “water” TokharianB NS 203: *wetV “water” Proto-Nostratic *t'wV “water, pour” Sino-Caucasian *tuj “water” Sino-Tibetan *?V-t'wV “be wet, soak, pour” North Caucasian PMA: h-udan “rain” Indonesia udan- “rain” Ifugao ulan- “rain” Tagalog uran- “rain” Teor. oran- “rain” Malagasy ulau- “rain” Gawi uha- “rain” Tonga uka- “rain” Fiji ua- “rain” Hawai'i, Samoa, Tahiti ura- “rain” Central Papuan prepositions PMA: PMA: uda, uda- “above, rising” Sanskrit, also adhi- “above, over, upon”. ake- “up, upward, to ascend” Anutan uka, uta- “towards mountains, inland” Polynesia akyat- “to rise, ascend” Tagalog angkat- “to lift” Indonesia “to be elevated” Ngaju-Dyak “ascent” Hova atas, atat- “above” Proto-Austronesian ake- “upward indicator” Polynesia ata- “up” Nakanai ati- “across, beyond” Sanskrit at- “away from speaker, thither” Mota atu- “away from speaker, thither” Maori, Marquesan Anutan, Tikopian, Tonga, Samoa, Rarotonga Back