III

PMA tri “three” Sanskrit tir “three” Hindi VISW *th-l- Proto-IndoEuropean-AfroAsiatic *th-r- l > r after th in anlaut Proto-IndoEuropean + y trayas “three” Sanskrit treis “three” Attic Greek thri:r “three” Old Norse dri: “three” Old High German *th-l- Proto-AfroAsiatic + th , half-reduplication ? thala:thun “three” Arabic shala:shu “three” Assyrian sha:lo:sh “three” Hebrew tela:th “three” Aramaic MCVc: *telu “three” Proto-Austronesian **tila[:]ti- id. *c^VlVc^- id. Proto-AfroAsiatic *t_ala:t_- id. Proto-Semitic **tilati- id. Pre-Proto-IndoEuropean *t[^]ret^- > *trey- id. Proto-IndoEuropean **tilut- > hirur id. Basque PMA toru, tolu, tilu, tiru, taru, tero, tru, tlu, tel, tal, tl- common Austronesian from Madagascar to Polynesia Back