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E-Rhetoric
Definition
Example
Rhetoric
Definition
Example
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Printed Works Cited
Image Sources
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Authors Information
Name: Monica Sleek
Comments:
sleekm@findlay.edu
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Disclaimer:
This site has been constructed for my own use with links to other sites that I have studied. I have attempted to give full credit for using other author’s material. The site was created strictly as a class project for BSLA 315 at the University of Findlay. It is only an educational exercise.
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ETHOS, PATHOS, LOGOS!
I have just study three men in my
E-Rhetoric class: Aristotle, Lester Faigley, and H. P. Grice. These men have similar techniques that the orator should apply when speaking to an audience. Whether the speaker is applying the concept to the audience when talking or evaluating, the concept is persuasion. This can be accomplished through educating, through a business meeting, or just having a conversation. Someone is always trying to persuade or convince someone of something when speaking. The techniques involved are three artistic means of persuasion called Ethos, Pathos, and Logos.
Aristotle describes Ethos to be the “speakers power of convincing a personal character which will make his speech credible”. (The Rhetoric. I, 2) Faigley states that Pathos are “appeals to the beliefs and values of the audience”. (Faigley 8) Grice describes the fourth maxim as logos, persuasion by providing truth and being polite when addressing the audience. (Beauvais)
ARISTOTLE
Ethos = the speakers power of convincing a personal character which will make his speech credible. (The Rhetoric I, 2. 1356a)
EXAMPLE: Providing the authors background information and credentials to the audience that is not familiar to him/her.
Pathos = The power of stirring the emotions of the hearers. (The Rhetoric I, 2. 1356a)
EXAMPLE: Photographs.
Logos = The power of providing a truth, or an apparent truth, by means of persuasive arguments. (The Rhetoric I. 2, 1356a, 1356b)
EXAMPLE: An original document as in the Declaration of Independence, or Testimonials.
FAIGLEY
Ethos = Appeals to the character and expertise of the writer or speaker. Applied by telling about the writers personal history. (Faigley 8-9)
Pathos = Appeals to the beliefs and values of the audience. Applied by using personal histories of individuals. (Faigley 8-9)
Logos = Appeals based on logic, reasoning, and evidence concerning the subject. Applied by the ongoing discussion of the subject. (Faigley 8-9)
GRICE - Four Maxims
Maxim of Quantity
Make the argument informative but do not stray from the point.
Maxim of Quality
Persuade the audience by using facts.
Maxim of Relation
Support the argument with adequate information from other sources.
Maxim of Manner
Truthfulness and politeness are of philosophical and moral rather than grammatical significance in linguistics. The demand for politeness simply means that we should treat other people as we would like to be treated - verbally and otherwise. (Beauvais)
Revised on December 13, 2003
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