Most of these definitions were abridged to one line.
1. AGE OF COMMON MAN - Jackson; Self-Suffiency
2. DARMOUTH COLLEGE V. WOODWARD - seperated business and state
3. ABIGAIL ADAM - John Adam's Wife; wrote memoirs
4. TOWN MEETING - NE; met yearly on to elect, tax, and pass laws
5. LEWIS & CLARK - sent by Jefferson; went all the way to the pacific
6. CLAY’S AMERICAN SYSTEM - internal improvement, tariffs, national bank
7. WAR OF 1812 - due to britian's impressment of US sailors and aiding indians
8. JOHN ZENGER - case brought freedom of speech; new yorker
9. MONROE DOCTORINE - told EU to stop messing around
10. MIDDLE COLONY - "bread colony"; grew barley, oats, and wheat
11. MERCANTILISM - colonies are only for the profits
12. LEGISLATURE - House of Reps and Senates
13. INDUSTRIAL REVOLUTION - hand manufacturing to machine
14. GREAT PLAINS - richest fertile region; appalachans to the rockies
15. FEDERALIST - led by Alexander Hamilton; were in powr until the 1800s
16. EXECUTIVE BRANCH - enforce law; foreign policy; commander and chief
17. COTTON GIN - by Eli Whitney, establish interchangeable part
18. CORPORATIONS - company sells stock
19. COMMERICAL COMPROMISE - tax goods entering not leaving
20. COLONIAL GOVERNORS - chosen by legislation or by monarch
21. BOSTON MASSACRE - british shoots people; it brings hatred
22. VICE PRESIDENT BURR - dem.-rep; tied with Jeff. but Jeff. won
23. KING COTTON - southern expression; indicate economic dominance
24. PANIC OF 1873 - overspeculation of railroads
25. WAR HAWKS - clay and calhoun; war with britian to obtain territory shoot indians
26. NON-INTERCOURSE ACT - americans can’t trade with France or Britian
27. EMBARGO ACT - US can't trade with any foreign country
28. GIBBONS V. OGDEN - federal government authority of interstate commerce
29. COMPROMISE OF 1877 - hayes ended reconstruction for dem. accepting electon
30. TECUMSEH - shawnee chief, worked to unite northwest indian tribes
31. TARIFF OF 1816 - raised british manufactured goods
32. JACKSON’S VICTORY AT NEW ORLEANS - repelled a large british force
33. FUNDAMENTAL ORDERS OF CONNETICUT - leg. & Gov.; first constitution
34. HENRY CLAY - heal the North/South rift by the compromise of 1850
35. PRESIDENT JEFFERSON - dem-rep; reduce spending & govt. interference
36. MAYSVILLE ROAD VETO - veto by jackson, wanted to built a road in kentucky
37. ANTIFEDERALIST - those who opposed the ratification of the constitution
38. NAVIGATION ACTS - all ships in US was be british owned with 3/4 crew british
29. SARATOGA - horatio gates surrounded british army hudson valley.
30. ANNE HUTCHINSON - god communicate directly to individuals
31. DANIEL WEBSTER - major rep of the north; great speaker
32. SAMUEL SLATER - first factory in the US
33. TALLMADGE ADMENDMENT - Missouri slave state free slave child at 25 years
34. RUSH-BAGOT TREATY - mutual disarment of the two countries
35. TREATY OF GHENT - ended war 1812; territory returned to orginal owner
36. VIRGINIA AND KENTUCKY RESOLUTION - if laws are unconst. they can nullify
37. FEDERALIST PAPERS - John Jay, Alexander Hamilton, and James Madison
38. TARIFF OF ABOMINATIONS - tax on imported good; good - north, bad -south
39. WHIGS - originated from Federalist; support industry, clay american system,
40. THREE-FIFTHS COMPROMISE - slave would count 3/5 of a white vote
41. PANIC OF 1819 - europe lack of imports; overproduction; national bank
42. SECOND BANK - bank loans finance American industrial revolution
43. MCCULLOCH V. MARYLAND - state can't tax a federal agency
44. NAT TURNER’S INSURRECTION - he killed 60 whites; blacks had less rights after
45. FLETCHER V. PECK - government can't interfer with private property
46. SON’S OF LIBERTY - opposition to british policy especially the stamp act
47. HOUSE OF BURGESSES - first legislative body in colonial America
48. REVOLUTION OF 1800 - Jefferson election making trans from fed to dem-rep
49. SIR EDMOND ANDROS - Governor of the Dominion of NE; force out to England
50. DOMINION OF NE - comination of mass, rhode island, New Hampshire, and Con.
51. COTTON MATHERS - tried to persuade WIll and Mary to get rid of Dominion of NE
52. QUAKERS - conscience, relevation, or saving grace flowed in everyone
53. WILLIAM PENN - land from King Charles I haven for Quakers
54. SAM ADAMS - Mass. politician; lead boston tea party
55. JOHN DICKENSON - "Letters from Penn. Farmer" protest against townshed acts
56. LOUISIANA PURCHASE - 15 dollars; from Napoleon; New Orleans and Miss. Val
57. CHAMPLAIN - found quebec; first permanent settlement
58. GEORGE WHITEFIELD - leader of "New Lights" started the great awakening
59. JOHNATHAN EDWARDS - Sinners i the hands of angry god; gripping sermons
60. BENJAMIN FRANKLIN - printer, inventor, diplomat, statesman, and founding father
61. JAMES OTIS - colonial lawyer, accused of smuggling
62. PROCLAMATION OF 1763 - forbade colonist to live west of appalachian.
63. PONTIAC’S REBELLION - led by Pontiac destroyed british forts
64. ATTORNEY GENERAL RANDOLPH - submitted the virginian plan to congress
65. SEC. OF WAR KNOX - henry knox, war hero, secretary of war
66. QUEBEC ACT - recognize the roman catholic church in Quebec
67. MASSACHUSETTS GOVERNMENT ACT - king elects the assembly
68. BOSTON TEA PARTY, 1773 - dump the tea fearing Gov. Huchinson would unload
69. TEA ACT - made illegal to buy non-british tea
70. LORD NORTH - PM; went along with King George III, resigned after cornwallis
71. GASPEE INCIDENT - colonist burned the ship;customs ship; response to taxes
72. SEC. OF TREASURY HAMILTON - fed; supported national bank, tariffs, wisky tax
73. SUGAR ACT - created vice admirately courts
74. STAMP ACT - documents must be of stamped british paper; caused angry mobs
75. STAMP ACT CONGRESS - 27 delegates from 9 colonies; discuss all the taxes
76. JUDICIARY ACT - allow Pres to create fed courts and appoint judge
77. CONNECTICUT PLAN - for a 2 house congress, both representation
78. TREATY OF 1818 - limited louisiana II; improves ameri-canada fishing rights
79. STRICT CONSTRUCTIONISM - anti-fed; gave states more rights; no elastic clause
80. UNIVERSAL MALE SUFFRAGE - vote at age 18; alabama first state
81. PROCLAMATION OF NEUTRALITY 1793 - french revolution not picking side
82. QUIDS - faction inwhich Aron Burr made up; crit. war of 1812; not classical repub.
83. PECULIAR INSITUTION - term used to describe cruelty of slavery
84. URBAN LIFE - immigrants, high pop., poor sanitation, diseases, and crime
85. INDUSTRIALIZATION - law on backs; skilled crafts displace, take over agriculture
86. NAVITISM - response to catholic irish and germans; anti-foreigners feeling
87. MARBURY V. MADISON - established supreme court right to judicial review
88. JAMES MADISON - "Father of Constitution" fueled Virginia plan, frame of Constit.
89. ANNAPOLIS CONVENTION - precursor to constitution convention; plans on fed.
90. PANIC OF 1837 - Jackson's Pet Banks; Specie Circular; collapse of state banks
91. PICKNEY TREATY - free navigation of mississipi from Spain; recognized bndries
92. MT. VERNON CONFERENCE - called by Washington to discuss Pontiac River
93. EXCISE TAXES - taxes placed on manufactured products
94. WHISKEY REBELLION - against tax on corn; end by army; showed const. control
95. JOHN ADAMS - diplomate; vice pres; pres; refuse the XYZ bribe;
96. ELECTION OF 1800 - Jeff. won against adams by HOR vote; led to 12th admend.
97. HEADRIGHT SYSTEM - obtain title by paying fee and later rent the land
98. NEW QUARTERING ACT - auth. troops in homes instead of barracks
99. JAY'S TREATY
- Brits: leave US, end hurting US econ, gave trade Priv. to England
- US: pay debt to Brits, open missi. river to both nations, establish boundaries
100. SIGNIFICANCE OF JAY'S TREATY -prevented war with England
101. ERA OF GOOD FEELINGS - 2 terms Monroe; nationalism, econ, fed. party gone
102. INTOLERABLE ACTS - resp. BTP; no boston assm.; quarter act; adm. of just. act
103. ADMINISTRATION OF JUSTICE ACT - colony cannot arrest royal officer
104. BACON’S REBELLION - protest against Berkley not protecting against Indians
105. HARTFORD CONVENTION - NE rich; wanted to sucede; embargos during 1812
106. SPECIE CIRCULAR - tried to stop land spec. by req. gold and silver; spark panic
107. WAR OF 1812 - dev. national pride; embargo helped self suffiency
108. ROBERT FULTON - designed first steamboat named Clermont
109. ROBERT B. TANEY - chief justice; red Scott Case, power of states, fugitive act
110. QUARTERING ACT 1765 - by grnville; allow supplies from col. & stay pub. places
111. CREEK NATION - War on Tippercanoe; killed 800 indians; cede 22 million acres
112. ELECTORAL COLLEGE SYSTEM - rep. and sen. choose the pres.
113. LETTERS FROM FARMER - by Jhn Dickenson; lashed at Parlim. taxes duties
114. LETTERS FROM AMERICAN FARMER - crevecoverl reflect post revolution
115. JUDICIAL REVIEW - supreme court has the power against congress
116. NE COLONIES -Rocky soil; manufacturing became chief industry
117. NATIONAL DEBT - paying debt to france bought US to higher standards
118. OLD NORTHWEST - New Hamp; Vermont; West NY;Ohio; Penn; Kentucky; Tenn
119. NATIONAL BANK - provided internal circulating credit, bank notes helped prop
120. MOUNTAIN PEOPLE - lived in west as fur traders; interacted with Indian culture
121. MIDDLE PASSAGE - transportation of slaves from Africa
122. PUBLIC LAND ACT OF 1796 - price raise to $2 per acre in lots of 640
123. BOSTON PORT ACT - Coercive acts; shut down Boston harbor until it pays EIC
124. NULLIFICATION ACT -SC forbid tariffs collection after tarrif of 1828 became 1823
125. CALHOUN - SC senator; spokes person for south rights; jackson’s vice pres
126. SHAY’S REBELLION - against putting people in debt to prison; show weakness
127. NORTHWEST ORDINANCE 1787 - nw terr. divide 3 to 5; no slave; 60,000 pop
128. ARTICLES OF CONF. - (st) tax, regulate trade, draft; (fed) war, and foreign policy
129. TRTY OF PARIS 1783 - recognize indepd.; canada, florida, and west of miss. out
130. TRTY OF PARIS 1763 - ended the french indian war; before rev. war land distr.
131. PATRICK HENRY - "Give me liberty or death"; Govt. of Virginia; opp. constitution
132. SPOILS SYSTEM - winner of election power to do anything with staff
133. ERIE CANAL - from NY to great lakes; Governor Dewitt Clinton precided project
134. BOSTON ASSOCIATES - built the first power loom
135. LOWELL - factor made cloth so cheaply that women bought instead making them
136. COTTON GIN - Eli Whitney: machine that seperate seeds for cotton
137. MISSOURI COMPROMISE - slave st.; main free st.; north of 30deg.30 free state
138. TOWNSHED ACT - tax luxury items from Britian; started movement boycotting.
139. PEGGY EATON AFFAIR - sec. of war John eaton had affair with Peggy; Jackson
140. SEPERATION OF POWER - three branches
141. WILLIAM BERKLEY - govt. of Viriginia during Bacon's rebellion
142. WAMPANOAGS - offer food, taught grow maize to pilgrims, tribe squanto belong
143. ADAM-ONIS TREATY - fla goes to US/ southwest and texas to Mexico
144. FEDERALISM - strong central govt;investors, merchants manufacturer,until 1800
145. EVENTS 1812 - washington d.c. burned; naval victory on Erie; led by O. Perry
146. INDIAN REMOVAL ACT - jackson; remove chief black hawk, sauk, and fox
147. ANTI-MASONIC PARTY - help jackson by prevented votes from whigs; not elite
148. FALLEN TIMBER - Athny. Wayne defeated little turtle provoke treaty of greenville.
149. LAND ORD. 1785 - 36 section; 640 acres; 1 sec. school; $1 acre; 4 acre public
150. RAILROAD - gauge diff.;dev. slow; govt. paid, north dev. fast so adv. in civ. war
151. REST. CLNY-(1)NY, W&E NJ, Penn, Del (2)Vir., N&S Car; charles II rest. stuart
152. METACOM - wampanoag leader that led NE bloodiest war; Indians lost
153. ACT OF TOLERATION - maryland; lord baltimore; freedom to all christians
153. ANTINOMIANISM - Anne Hutchinson; God talks directly to peep; New Hampshire
154. TECUMSEH - Shawnee chief; worked to unite northwestern tribes; lost in Tipper
155. KITCHEN CABINET - small group of jackson's friends and advisors; lower term
156. FRAME OF GOVERNMENT - charter of liberties set up the gov. for Penn. colony
157. WORCHESTER V. GEORGIA - goergia has no juridiction over cherokee
158. NATION V. GEORGIA - indians are domestic nations; regulated by fed. govern
159. CITIZEN GENET - french diplomat get support for fren. rev.; allow citizenship
160. SONS OF LIBERTY - organization in response of the Stamp Act
161. CRISPUS ATTUCKS - slave that became a martyr in the Boston Massacre
162. CUMBERLAND ROAD - first highway built by the fed. govt. Penn to Ilinoise
163. FRANCIS SCOTT KEY - wrote "Star Spangled Banner"; flag flying fort in morning
164. INDENTURED SERVANTS - person would serve for a time and be freed
165. JAY-GARDOQUI TREATY - US - spanish port; Spain - missisipi river; never sign
166. JOHN LOCKE - 2nd Treatise of Govt; social contract : people and government
167. MAYSVILLE ROAD VETO - wanted to built with Fed expense; Jackson veto
168. NATIONAL REPUBLICAN - dem-rep oppose Jackson; include Adams, Clay, Web
169. TOUSSAINT L'OVERTURE - led slave rebellion in Haiti; encourage sale of Louis
170. WASHINGTON FAREWELL ADDRESS; warn against sectionalism and alliances
171. XYZ AFFAIR - Adams sent delegates to france; France only accept with bribe
172. PROPRIETARY COL. - founded by proprietary company controlled by propiertor
173. CHARTER COL. - found by gov. charter granted to company or group
174. ROYAL COL. - founded by king; govt. had total control over them
175. SENATE - upper house; appointed by state legislature; state has 2 colonies
176. TRIANGULAR TRADE - NE - g-rum-africa-g-slaves-carr-g-sugar & molasses-NE
177. ROGER WILLIAMS - left Mass. col. started col. of RD Island; religious freedom
178. HOLY EXPERIMENT - Wm. Penn's term as gov.; serve everyone provide rel. free
179. ENLIGHTENMENT - favored reason; sceintific method; and deism
180. DECLATORY ACT - parl. has ability to tax and power over colonial legislature
181. MASS. CIRCULAR LETTER - started in boston; call for boycotting; resp. townshed
182. CHECKS AND BALANCE
- (exec) veto & choose judge
- (leg) 2/3 vote override
- (jud) declare law unconstitutional
183. CONNECTICUT PLAN - two-house congress
184. TARIFF - tax designed to raise revenue for the fed. government
185. BARBARY PIRATES - algeria & tripoli demanded tribute or they will be attacked
186. CORRUPT BARGAIN - charge by Jacksonians on clayÕs rupport of adams
187. TRAIL OF TEARS - Gen. Scott force them from Georgia to Oklahoma Indian Resv.
188. LOG CABIN & HARD CIDER - depiction on Wm. Harrison; in election of 1840
189. UNIONS - goals: shorten work hour; universal edu.; free land; no monopolies
190. PET BANKS - the banks in which Taney (sec. of tresure) advice jackson to put $
194. JAMES MADISON - 1 of authors of fed. papers; strict constrnist; father; 1812 war
195. NEUTRALITY - defined US foreign policy from 1800-1890; called by Washington
196. TRIANGULAR TRADE - bringing slaves from africa; terrible condition;
205. WORCHESTER V. GEORGIA - georgia can't enforce state laws against indians
223. CITIZEN GENET - tried to rally the US to support the French revolution
224. CRISPUS ATTUCKS - african that died from bo
225. POOR RICHARD ALMANAC - Benjamin Franklin; source of pithy aphorism
226. PROPHET - refer to (shawnee) Tenskwatawa; gave spiritual inspiration
227. L’OUVERTURE - led slave rebellion in San Domingo; french troops failed
228. VAN BUREN - took over during Panic of 1837; followed jacksonÕs policy; bad dec.
229. WASH. FARE ADDRESS - warned against sect. and foreign involvement
230. WM. HENRY HARRISON - battle of tippercanoe; won by whigs; tyler replaced him
231. BATTLE OF TIPP. - battle against Tecumseh; Harrison claimed victory
232. BATLE OF THAMES RIVER - tecumseh died; US Naval burned and lotted toronto
233. ROYAL COLONY (define) - colonies that was taken by the king
234. ROYAL COLONY - Vir; New Hamp; Mass; North Car.;NY; NJ; Carolina; Georgia
235. BATTLE OF YORK TOWN - led cornwallis to surrender the british army; wash.
236. CABINET - Jeff. - sec. of state; Hamilton - treasurer; Knox; war; randolf - general
237. FRAME OF GOVERNMENT - Wm. Penn; all christians can vote; no tax 4 church
238. CHEROKEE NATION V. GEORGIA - Indians are domestic dependent nations
239. COMMITEE OF CORRESPONDENCE - vir. assembly start to warn about British
240. SUPREME COURT-interprets laws and const.; judges are by pres. app. by senate
241. SENATE - 6 year term; aprove law for the house of rep; it confirms app. & treatise
242. PROTECTIVE TARIFF - tax to protect northern factors; proposed by Hamilton
243. ARGUMENT CON BILL OF RIGHTS
- rep. govt. cannot be have laws done by people
- rights might be narrow that it can limit freedom
244. ARGUMENT PRO BILL OF RIGHTS
- reduce federal relation with state relations
- help other branches check legislative
245. NATIONIST - one who is excessive devoted to national interest and prestige
