AP STYLE

Liberators’ Monument

Ground Broken at Emotional NEHM Ceremony

By Susie Davidson

Advocate Correspondent

This past Friday, ground was broken in a noontime Holocaust Memorial ceremony during which tribute was paid, tears were shed and recollections were shared regarding what for many attendees were the defining events of a lifetime.

World War II concentration camp liberators Leo Barry of Hyde Park, Sol Feingold of Chelsea, Max Robotnick of Newton and Jack Goldstein of Wayland graced the presence of all at the one hour ceremony addressed by Mayor Thomas Menino, City Councilor Mickey Roache, JCRC Executive Director Nancy Kaufman, Event Chairs William and Beverly Carmen, Friends of the New England Holocaust Memorial President Rick Mann, NEHM Board Member Rabbi William Hamilton of Kehillath Israel Synagogue, Representative Kevin W. Fitzgerald, Commissioner of Veterans' Services Tom Materazzo, Brookline Library Trustee and Veteran Al Rosen and others, as well as the man for whom this event meant everything – Holocaust survivor and NEHM founder Stephan Ross, who carried an enlarged photo of himself at the time of liberation with the large eyes of emaciation protruding from depths of experience no 14-year-old should ever possess.

Bill Carmen, for whom NEHM grounds Carmen Park are named, simply expressed gratitude, with humility characteristic of Holocaust survivors, at being part of the event, and appreciation for the new Monument.

Mayor Menino saluted the Carmens’ efforts, however, and stressed the event’s importance. Putting his notes down, he spoke frankly about the young having little conception of what those present went through in that terrible time, and the importance of passing on their legacy.

Rosen spoke of prisoners locked inside gassed and torched buildings “meant for the Roma, the gypsies.” He recalled a train stranded near Dachau, and the sounds of shootings, and then of low moans. When he and fellow soldiers shot the locks open, they saw “human skeletons packed together, lying on straw. They had been there for six days, with nothing to eat or drink.

“I still recall with pride,” he said, “the instant compassion and concern the American soldiers displayed, in the face of the immensely grotesque horror of the Holocaust.”

Rosen lamented the five million Poles, Roma, Jehovah’s Witnesses and Nazi-targeted others. In an eloquent statement of humanity, he cited ethnic cleansings including those in Rwanda, Kosovo, Cambodia and Sudan, yet recalled the words Anne Frank wrote in June 1944: “In spite of everything, I still believe that people are really good at heart.” “The American soldiers in those grim days of 1945,” he said, “fought to make it a world of the good at heart, and achieved the eventual triumph of the human spirit.”

"For the thousands who braved the beaches of Normandy," said Rick Mann, "for those who fell there, for those who trudged on to encounter the horrid and unforgettable scenes of Dachau, Buchenwald, and other death camps, we say ‘thank you’ in the only way we can - with our voices, with our hearts, and with this monument."

“I stood by this man,” said Stephan Ross, pointing at a soldier in the front row, as his wife Mary, son, City Councilor Michael Ross and daughter, Atty. Julie Ross, looked on. “I cannot tell you what it was like.” (Indeed, he can’t. In order to hide and survive, Ross had to cover himself in a cesspool as well as resort to cannibalism with the others.) “Survivors, liberators, distinguished guests, ladies and gentlemen,” he cried, “I kissed their boots.” He pulled out the small flag one had given him 57 years ago. Thanking the Carmens, he said “Now, those who pass through the Holocaust Memorial will be able to reflect on the brave servicemen who gave so much.

“I know what would have happened to us if you had not come,” he said. “We were considered cockroaches, vermin, rats. You held our living skeletons in your arms, before you went on further to stop the war. You talked to us for the first time as if we were human beings,” he choked.

Rabbi Hamilton led the audience in an emotional Mourner’s Kaddish, and each speaker helped shovel dirt onto the site of the new monument.

“I am accustomed to smelling death,” said liberator Leo Barry afterwards, “but I will never forget the stench. I have not smelled anything comparable since. I couldn’t believe how neatly things were stacked at the crematorium. They had piles of clothes, piles of shoes, and bodies.” “There were bodies under the clothes, too,” interjected Feingold. “The medics separated the prisoners into the dead, those who were going to die, and those who were likely to pull through,” continued Barry.

Barry, of the 45th Division, was Past Commander of the American Legion, Past District Commander and Past Commander of the Fog/Robert Post, Hyde Park. Feingold was in the 42nd Rainbow Division.

Liberator Jack Goldstein carried photographic reprints from newspapers depicting the horrors he helped to end.

The JCRC’s Mara Tencer and Congressman Capuano’s Office Issues Director Kate Auspitz assisted greatly in the planning for this momentous event.

LIBERATORS:

Leo Barry, 70 Arlington St. Hyde Park 02136

45^th Division

Past Commander, American Legion – Past District Commander,

Past Commander, Fog/Robert Post, Hyde Park

I was an assistant Scoutmaster at the Most Precious Blood Church in Hyde Park. Tom Menino was a Cub Scout in my brother John’s den.

I remember going to the camp. I am accustomed to smelling death, but I will never forget the stench. I have not smelled anything comparable since.

There was only one survivor on a train we intercepted. He was a Pole. I have a picture of it. There were open cars; some of the bodies were being taken off by civilians who lived across the street. I couldn’t believe how neatly things were stacked at the crematorium. They had piles of clothes, piles of shoes, and bodies. “There were bodies under the clothes, too,” interjected Feingold.

“The medics separated the prisoners into the dead, those who were going to die, and those who were going to pull through,” continued Barry.

Sol Feingold, 45 Jones Ave., Chelsea 02150

42^nd Rainbow Division

Max Robotnick, Newton

160 Stanton Road, Newton (Golda Meir apts.)

Jack Goldstein, Wayland carried around photgraphic reprints from newspapers. Ross had an enlarged photo of himself at the time of liberation, with the large eyes of emaciation protruding from depths of experience no14 year old should ever possess.

To this day, Ross treasures a small flag a liberator bestowed upon him. “I still have the flag, 57 years later. I kissed his boots.”

Some of them, he says, are living in this area. “Some are Jews and some are Christians. There is one soldier living in Brookline, Leon Satenstein, who is nearing 80 years old; he saw me in Dachau – they took a picture, and I am in the center, among about 1500 inmates.”

Ross, who was incarcerated from age nine to 14, and who had to hide in a cesspool and resort to cannibalism with the others, still “kisses the ground I walk on.

I can see their dirty faces, their dirty helmets, uniforms and boots, and the weapons hanging on their bodies.

“They left an indelible mark on a 14-year-old boy which can never be erased. They preserved their republic, their civilizations and their religious freedoms, and set free a suffering humanity. They fought bravely and defeated the most vicious empire the world has ever known. History will remember them as the heroes of the 20^th century.

which in actuality he had

Choking, he explains, “You must forgive me, because I am there now. They left an indelible mark on a 14-year old boy which can never be erased. They were the pride of their nation. They preserved their republic, their civilizations and their religious freedoms, and they set free a suffering humanity. They fought bravely and defeated the most vicious empire the world has ever known. History will remember them as the heroes of the 20^th century.”

The monument, he says, is for the liberators of World War II, be they Americans or from any of the Allied nations. “Most of these men were Christians,” he says. “They opened up the gates of h-ll and nursed us back to life. They showed us that there were civilized people in this world, even though we came a world in which we were tortured, beaten and mangled. We were living among a diabolical element of abominable characters.”

He approached others to get the Monument going, until he found a willing benefactor. “I went to Bill Carmen (chair, along with his wife Beverly, of Friday’s event) when I had this gigantic dream, when I wanted to bring the message to someone who might hear me – you know how busy people are in this country – they move from place to place – yet this man was so devoted to the idea; the first words he said to me were ‘on my father’s side, everyone died in Europe’”.

To this day, Ross treasures a small flag a liberator bestowed upon him. “I got a little flag from a soldier,” he recalls. “I still have the flag, 57 years later. I kissed his boots.”

Some of the liberators, he says, are living in this area. “Some are Jews and some are Christians. There is one Jewish soldier living in Brookline, Leon Satenstein, who is nearing 80 years old; he saw me in Dachau – they took a picture, and I am in the center, among about 1500 inmates.”

Ross’ stories are grisly and graphic; he spares no detail. “I had to hide in a cesspool up to my neck in the first camp I was in, Budzin, in Poland. We had to resort to cannibalism. Jewish doctors there told us to to just swallow it, not to chew. I can’t tell you how I managed to survive. I was incarcerated at the age of 9. I was in 10 camps, for 5 long years.”

In March, 2001, Ross found out where his father, mother and six siblings were gassed and burned; it was in the camp of Belzek. “I was the youngest of eight children,” he says. “I survived with my brother, who died in 1990 – he was broken, villified, completely debilitated – he was so badly beaten that he was never able to be rehabilitated.

He says his biggest trouble is “differentiating.” “I am living in one world that is dragging me down to the extent that I can’t get away from it, and yet, I live in another world with civilized people who are not connected to the war, who are living completely normal, sensible and compassionate lives.” Clearly, the pain and the horror haunt this man’s daily consciousness still, like it was the proverbial yesterday. And his gratitude knows no limits.

“I kiss the ground I walk on,” he says. “I am so blessed that I came to America. I am still crying about how fortunate I was to be liberated by these great heroes, these American soldiers.” Sobbing, he affirms “I am crying now”.

“They never left us, and they didn’t go back outside until we were secure.

“You deserve so much praise and credit,” says Ross, addressing all liberators, “for ending the war and for the U.S. sacrifices made during World War II. As our liberators, you will always be remembered by the camp survivors for your gallantry and for the compassion and care that you provided to us at such a tragic time in our lives.”

The following messages are to be engraved on the Liberators’ Monument:

“I was an emaciated, 14 year old boy. An American soldier lifted me into his strong arms. He looked into my tired eyes with compassion. He shared his food with me, and gave me a small American flag of freedom.” – Stephan Ross

“We, the survivors of the Holocaust, have raised this flag in tribute to the American and other Allied soldiers who liberated us from the brutal Nazy tyranny. They opened the gates to our trails to freedom in America.” – Concentration Camp Survivors, Greater Boston area

“I saw my first horror camp in Gotha, Germany. I have never felt able to describe my emotional reaction when I first came face to face with indisputable evidence of Nazi brutality and ruthlessness, disregard of every shred of decency.” - General Dwight D. Eisenhower, who was the commander of the Allied forces in Europe

ROSS’ DEGREES:

Perhaps it was partially out of envy, he posits. “Unlike many immigrants, I educated myself; I got a degree in psychology (actually, one of four: one from B.U., two from Northeastern, and one from the University of Vermont). I made something of myself (Ross is a licensed psychologist). I became a health services provider, I helped inner city children who were neglected by everyone. I walked the streets of Mission Hill and urban areas day and night to get them out of jail, out of trouble, lead them on a straight path. I helped hundreds of kids – some still call me, I go to weddings, christenings, birthday parties.

“I managed to do the best I could,” he says. “Nobody gave me anything. I worked in gas stations on the Cape day and night to make a living, in Howard Johnson’s, in catering outfits in Boston. I came here both an orphan, and alone.”

OPPOSITION FROM POLAK ETC.:

However, he encountered stiff opposition, tragically from his own people, he says.

“Rabbi Chiel of Temple Emmanuel wanted to be part of it, help raise money, and he withdrew because Polak was against it. Elie Weisel wouldn’t accept our offer for him to be honorary chair. I could tell you so much about the pain I had to endure from our own Jewish people.”

“Joseph Polak of B.U. Hillel led a group opposing the Holocaust Memorial,” he recalls. “They didn’t want the soldiers to be honored. Polak sent a petition to Ray Flynn against it. Flynn called me into his office and asked me why, as he couldn’t understand this. Polak’s opposition to the Memorial set us back four or five years.

“Polak and his signees didn’t want to speak to me, to ask me why I wanted to include the American soldiers. They felt that the American solders were an issue of the American government – GI Joe stood for Government Issue – they said they didn’t deserve to be included in our memorial.

Chair Bill Carmen: “It has always been the vision of Steve Ross to have this flag and flagpole as part of the New England Holocaust Memorial, and we are so glad that it has come to fruition."

“I went to Bill Carmen when I had this dream,” says Ross. “The first words he said to me were ‘on my father’s side, everyone died in Europe’.”

“The New England Holocaust Memorial,” says Congressman Capuano, “is an important symbol that forces us to remember terrible deeds, actions that make us ashamed of our species. It is fitting today that another memorial is added to this site. As we honor those who liberated the camps and comforted the survivors, we, too, find solace. Their courage and compassion give us hope for humanity.

Rick Mann:

offered them the first outstretched and compassionate hands; and brought their first hope for a decent life free from the tyranny and cruelty of the Nazis. To the thousands of tortured and all but lost souls trapped within the barbed wired hell of the death camps, those soldiers were nothing less than messengers of G-d, come to redeem them. Those who were there behind the barbed wire, those who are their progeny and those who are counted among the virtuous of the human race are all profoundly affected by the compassion and decency our American soldiers showed the victims of man's darkest hour. They honored the dead, saved the lives of thousands, allowed for the continuation of life in their descendants, and enriched and enhanced the lives of all of humanity by their actions. For the thousands who braved the beaches of Normandy, for those who fell there, for those who trudged on to encounter the horrid and unforgettable scenes of Dachau, Buchenwald, and other death camps, we say ‘thank you’ in the only way we can - with our voices, with our hearts, and with this monument.

Nancy Kaufman: Monument signifies the inclusiveness of the Memorial, and recognizes the unique role of liberators in the last days of this tragic period in the history of the Jewish people. It also

Picture of Stephan Ross:

http://www.voice.neu.edu/960919/afternu.html

http://www.southcoasttoday.com/daily/03-97/03-24-97/a06sr036.htm

with family:

http://www.nehm.com/friends/leadership.html

Picture of Menino:

http://www.bostonstrategy.com/players/07_mayor/01_mayor.html

http://www.cityofboston.gov/mayor/default.asp

Groundbreaking Ceremony for Liberators’ Monument

To be Held Friday at Holocaust Memorial

By Susie Davidson

Advocate Correspondent

BOSTON - Near the end of what was undeniably the darkest point in our modern history, visions of saviors dressed in uniforms incredulously appeared before the worn-out eyes of many concentration camp inmates.

Tomorrow at 12:30 p.m., a tribute to these liberating soldiers will be observed in a groundbreaking ceremony at the downtown New England Holocaust Memorial.

The Liberators’ Monument, a flagpole bearing an American flag, was part of NEHM founder Stephan Ross’ original vision. Lit at night, it will be surrounded by plaques bearing quotes from liberators, General Eisenhower and survivors. The ceremony, which will last approximately one hour, will feature Mayor Thomas Menino as keynote speaker, Ross and other survivors, liberators and Jewish community leaders including Event Chairs Beverly and Bill Carmen and daughter Dawn Sibor (a board member of the Friends of the NEHM), Friends President Rick Mann and JCRC Executive Director Nancy Kaufman. Also in attendance will be Congressmen Michael Capuano and Stephen Lynch, Representative Kevin W. Fitzgerald and Boston Commissioner of Veterans' Services Tom Materazzo.

“I originally formed the committee and got the piece of land for the Holocaust Memorial,” says Ross. “I also wanted to honor the soldiers who gave blood transfusions, food, picked us up from the soil we were lying in, washed us, cleaned our wounds, gave us clothes. I know all this, because I was a witness.”

To this day, Ross treasures a small flag a liberator bestowed upon him. “I still have the flag, 57 years later. I kissed his boots.”

Ross, who was incarcerated from age nine to 14, and who had to hide in a cesspool and resort to cannibalism with the others, still “kisses the ground I walk on.

“What they did to save us, to free us, I can’t convey. There were 32,000 inmates in the camp from 19 different nations – every one of them was diseased – I had tuberculosis and boils all over my body, and a broken back.” (His captors broke it with rifle butts, for stealing a potato).

“I always envision in my mind the way they were, 57 years ago. I can see their dirty faces, their dirty helmets, uniforms and boots, and the weapons hanging on their bodies. They looked rough and tough. Yet, they showed so much empathy.”

“They showed us that there were civilized people in this world, even though we came from a world in which we were tortured, beaten and mangled.”

Ross, 71, who holds four degrees and is a licensed psychologist, married his wife Mary in 1969, at age 38. His son, Michael Ross, is a Boston City Councilor. His daughter Julie is an attorney at the Attorney General’s office. He was the youngest of eight children; only he and his brother, who was permantly debilitated and died in 1990, survived.

"We are very happy and proud to be taking part in the groundbreaking of this monument dedicated to the liberators,” says Chair Bill Carmen. “It has always been the vision of Steve Ross to have this flag and flagpole as part of the New England Holocaust Memorial, and we are so glad that it has come to fruition."

“I went to Bill Carmen when I had this dream,” says Ross. “The first words he said to me were ‘on my father’s side, everyone died in Europe’.”

“The Liberators’ Monument calls us to defend life, liberty, and justice for all persons. We must be worthy to carry on the fight in which they won such an essential victory.”

“The Monument will tell the story,” says Rick Mann, “of the quiet, unsung heroism and basic humanity of the hundreds of American soldiers who became the first ray of sunlight to shine upon the countenances of the survivors; offered them the first outstretched and compassionate hands; and brought their first hope for a decent life free from the tyranny and cruelty of the Nazis. To the thousands of tortured and all but lost souls trapped within the barbed wired hell of the death camps, those soldiers were nothing less than messengers of G-d, come to redeem them. Those who were there behind the barbed wire, those who are their progeny and those who are counted among the virtuous of the human race are all profoundly affected by the compassion and decency our American soldiers showed the victims of man's darkest hour. They honored the dead, saved the lives of thousands, allowed for the continuation of life in their descendants, and enriched and enhanced the lives of all of humanity by their actions. For the thousands who braved the beaches of Normandy, for those who fell there, for those who trudged on to encounter the horrid and unforgettable scenes of Dachau, Buchenwald, and other death camps, we say ‘thank you’ in the only way we can - with our voices, with our hearts, and with this monument.

“We are very excited to be breaking ground,” says Nancy Kaufman. “Building this Monument signifies the inclusiveness of the Memorial, and recognizes the unique role of liberators in the last days of this tragic period in the history of the Jewish people. It also represents another step in the process of Holocaust survivors passing on their legacy to the generations to come.”

A 48 star flag measuring 18 by 12 feet will be included in Friday’s ceremony. It was donated to Ross from a WWII Veteran, Al Ridge, to hang at the Memorial on historical occasions.

Liberators present will include George Kaiser from Winthrop, Leo Barry from Hyde Park, Francis Gallagher from Dorchester and Saul Feingold from Chelsea, who is 87 years old.

The following messages are to be engraved on the Monument:

dsibor@attbi.com.

Mayor Menino speaking. Would talk with at the event. Office contact: Howard Leibowitz hrlcjd@aol.com

Peter Nagle – Sr. Press Liaison City Hall Room 603 Boston 02201 617-635-4461 peter.nagle@cityofboston.gov

Nancy K. Kaufman, Executive Director of the Jewish Community Relations

Council of Greater Boston - introducing the Mayor.

nkaufman@jcrcboston.org.

Congressman Capuano - Issues Director, Kate Auspitz- helped plan event kate.auspitz@mail.house.gov.

Congressman Lynch,

Representative Kevin Fitzgerald,

Commissioner Tom Materazzo

RSM55@attbi.com,dsibor@attbi.com,hrlcjd@aol.com, nkaufman@jcrcboston.org,kate.auspitz@mail.house.gov

Mara Tencer of the JCRC forwarded your email address to me.

Please excuse the brevity of this request, but in the interest of timeliness for the deadline for next week, could I get a couple of comments from you about the impending installation of the Liberators’ Monument at the N.E. Holocaust Memorial?

I need to get the info by Sunday evening at the latest. Today, Friday, would be super, if possible.

Thanks very much for your contribution. The article will appear in the Thursday, June 20 issue of the Jewish Advocate.

Susie Davidson

Jewish Advocate

All Suburban Weekly Tabs

"Rick Mann" RSM55@attbi.com

The chairs for the event - Beverly and William Carmen (561) 483-4460/4461 (Florida until 6/15); (781) 740-4166. Daughter – Dawn Sibor, board member of the Friends dsibor@attbi.com.

www.nehm.org.

“I was the one who originally formed the committee and got the piece of land for the Holocaust Memorial,” says Holocaust survivor and New England Holocaust Memorial founder Stephan Ross. However, he encountered stiff opposition, tragically from his own people, he says.

“But I wanted to honor the individual soldiers who gave blood transfusions, gave us food, picked us up from the soil we were lying in, washed us, covered our wounds, gave us clothes. I know all this, because I was a witness.”

To this day, Ross treasures a small flag a liberator bestowed upon him. “I got a little flag from a soldier,” he recalls. “I still have the flag, 57 years later. I kissed his boots.”

“What they did to save us – to free us – I can’t convey. They never left us, and they didn’t go back outside until we were secure. There were 32,000 inmates in the camp from 19 different nations – every one of them was diseased – I had tuberculosis and boils all over my body, and a broken back.” (His captors broke his back with rifle butts, for stealing a potato).

Ross, 71, married his wife Mary in 1969, at age 38. His son, Michael Ross, is a Boston City Councilor. His daughter Judy is an attorney (“she married a nice Jewish boy,” he kvells), and works for the Atty. General’s office.

A special 48 star flag measuring 18 by 12 feet will be included in Friday’s ceremony. It was donated to Ross from a WWII Veteran, Al Ridge, to hang at the Memorial on historical occasions, to commemorate the soldiers.

Liberators will be present, including George Kaiser from Winthrop, Leo Barry from Hyde Park, Francis Gallagher from Dorchester and Saul Feingold from Chelsea, who is 87 years old.

The following messages are to be engraved on the Liberators’ Monument:

Mara Tencer: 617-457-8672.

CC: "Rick Mann" <RSM55@attbi.com>

Hi Susie:

Thanks for the email and explanation. Many contacts for the event happen

to be older folks who don't have email. In those cases, I've provided

phone numbers:

Rick Mann is the President of Friends of the New England Holocaust

Memorial. His email is RSM55@attbi.com and I have CC'ed him on this

email as well.

He'll be out of town until this coming Thursday, June 14.

Steve Ross, a Holocaust survivor and the founder of the Memorial, was

really a motivating factor for this Liberators' Monument and one of the

driving forces. He doesn't have email, but his phone number is: (617)

332-0060. He will assuredly be at the event, so if you can't give him a

call, I'm sure he would speak to you on the 21st.

The chairs for the event are Beverly and William Carmen, who also don't

have email, but you can contact them by phone at: (561) 483-4460/4461

(in Florida until 6/15) or in Hingham at (781) 740-4166. Their daughter

is Dawn Sibor, a board member of the Friends and she definitely has

email: dsibor@attbi.com. I'm sure that she would be happy to speak with

you.

Mayor Menino will be speaking. I'm sure he would be happy to talk with

you at the event. My contact at his office is Howard Leibowitz. His

email is: hrlcjd@aol.com. He will be with the Mayor out of town until

early next week, but he's very helpful and clued-in to the Jewish

community.

Nancy K. Kaufman, Executive Director of the Jewish Community Relations

Council of Greater Boston will be introducing the Mayor. Her email is:

nkaufman@jcrcboston.org.

Congressman Capuano will be there. His Issues Director, Kate Auspitz,

has been a huge help in the planning and I'm certain could be of help to

you. Her email is: kate.auspitz@mail.house.gov.

Other participants include Congressman Lynch, Representative Fitzgerald,

Commissioner Tom Materazzo, etc. I don't have emails for them, but I'm

sure they can be found online, or interviewed at the event.

Other basics about the Memorial can be found online at www.nehm.org.

Are you planning to do this for the Advocate, or one of the other

publications you work for? If you can't make it, but are planning to

cover it and would like a photo, I'll be taking the digital camera so I

could just email you a photo from the event. If you can't make it,

perhaps Jason or someone else could?

Thanks for you help!

Best,

Mara

SECOND STORY, TO DO FOR THE NEWTON TAB, ON STEPHAN ROSS:

Ground will be broken tomorrow, June 21, at the New England Holocaust Memorial for a Liberators’ Monument which will commemorate soldiers who freed victims of Nazi Germany from concentration camps.

The Monument, a flagpole bearing an American flag, was part of Memorial founder Stephan Ross’ original vision. It will be surrounded by plaques bearing quotes from liberators, General Eisenhower and survivors, and will be lit at night. The ceremony will commence at 12:30 and last about an hour; it will feature Mayor Thomas Menino as keynote speaker as well as words from Holocaust survivors, liberators and Jewish community leaders.

To this day, Ross treasures a small flag a liberator bestowed upon him. “I got a little flag from a soldier,” he recalls. “I still have the flag, 57 years later. I kissed his boots.”

Liberators will be present, including George Kaiser from Winthrop, Leo Barry from Hyde Park, Francis Gallagher from Dorchester and Saul Feingold from Chelsea, who is 87 years old.

The following messages are to be engraved on the Liberators’ Monument: