WWWCOF
COOKERY TIPS, TRICKS ‘N’ THINGS
Compiled by Daphne
CHICKPEAS
The chickpea (Cicer arietinum) (also garbanzo bean, Indian pea, ceci bean, bengal gram, Kabuli chana, konda kadalai, kadale kaalu, sanaga pappu, shimbra, Kadala) is an edible legume. Chickpeas are high in protein and one of the earliest cultivated vegetables. 7,500-year-old remains have been found in the Middle East.
Mature chickpeas can be cooked and eaten cold in salads, cooked instews, ground into a flour called gramflour(also known as besan and used primarily in Indian Cuisine), ground and shaped in balls and fried as Falafel, fermented to make an alcoholic drink, stirred into a batter and baked to make farinata, cooked and ground into a paste called hummus or roasted, spiced and eaten as a snack. Chick peas and bengal grams are used to make curries and are one of the most popular vegetarian foods in India Pakistan, Bangladesh and theUK.
Chickpeas are a helpful source of zinc, folate and protein They are also very high in dietry fiber and hence a healthy source of carbohydrates for persons with insulin sensitivity or diabetes. Chickpeas are low in fat and most of this is polysaturated.
One hundred grams of mature boiled chickpeas contains 164 calories, 2.6 grams of fat (of which only 0.27 grams is saturated), 7.6 grams of dietary fiber and 8.9 grams of protein. Chickpeas also provide dietary calcium(49–53 mg/100 g), with some sources citing the garbanzo's calcium content as about the same as yogurt and close to milk
More information on Chickpeas
CUCUMBERS
1. Cucumbers contain most of the vitamins you need every day, just one cucumber contains Vitamin B1, Vitamin B2, Vitamin B3, Vitamin B5, Vitamin B6, Folic Acid, Vitamin C, Calcium, Iron, Magnesium, Phosphorus, Potassium and Zinc.
2. Feeling tired in the afternoon, put down the caffeinated soda and pick up a cucumber. Cucumbers are a good source of B Vitamins and Carbohydrates that can provide that quick pick-me-up that can last for hours.
3. Tired of your bathroom mirror fogging up after a shower? Try rubbing a cucumber slice along the mirror, it will eliminate the fog and provide a soothing, spa-like fragrance.
4. Are grubs and slugs ruining your planting beds? Place a few slices in a small pie tin and your garden will be free of pests all season long. The chemicals in the cucumber react with the aluminum to give off a scent undetectable to humans but drive garden pests crazy and make them flee the area.
5. Looking for a fast and easy way to remove cellulite before going out or to the pool? Try rubbing a slice or two of cucumbers along your problem area for a few minutes, the phytochemicals in the cucumber cause the collagen in your skin to tighten, firming up the outer layer and reducing the visibility of cellulite. Works great on wrinkles too!!!
6. Want to avoid a hangover or terrible headache? Eat a few cucumber slices beforegoing to bed and wake up refreshed and headache free. Cucumbers contain enough sugar, B vitamins and electrolytes to replenish essential nutrients the body lost, keeping everything in equilibrium, avoiding both a hangover and headache!!
7. Looking to fight off that afternoon or evening snacking binge? Cucumbers have been used for centuries and often used by European trappers, traders and explores for quick meals to thwart off starvation.
8. Have an important meeting or job interview and you realize that you don't have enough time to polish your shoes? Rub a freshly cut cucumber over the shoe, its chemicals will provide a quick and durable shine that not only looks great but also repels water.
9. Out of WD 40 and need to fix a squeaky hinge? Take a cucumber slice and rub it along the problematic hinge, and voila, the squeak is gone!
10. Stressed out and don't have time for massage, facial or visit to the spa? Cut up an entire cucumber and place it in a boiling pot of water, the chemicals and nutrients from the cucumber with react with the boiling water and be released in the steam, creating a soothing, relaxing aroma that has been shown the reduce stress in new mothers and college students during final exams.
11. Just finish a business lunch and realize you don't have gum or mints? Take a slice of cucumber and press it to the roof of your mouth with your tongue for 30 seconds to eliminate bad breath, the phytochemcials will kill the bacteria in your mouth responsible for causing bad breath.
12. Looking for a 'green' way to clean your faucets, sinks or stainless steel? Take a slice of cucumber and rub it on the surface you want to clean, not only will it remove years of tarnish and bring back the shine, but is won't leave streaks and won't harm you fingers or fingernails while you clean.
13. Using a pen and made a mistake? Take the outside of the cucumber and slowly use it to erase the pen writing, also works great on crayons and markers that the kids have used to decorate the walls!!
Pass this along to everybody you know who is looking for better and safer ways to solve life's everyday problems..
Comment: Between cucumbers and vinegar who needs all that commercial stuff!?!
Assorted Food Tips
- Frozen strawberries, seedless grapes and peeled bananas make great frozen snacks. Freeze on trays, then place in plastic bags for quick treats.
- A slice of bread placed into a bag of hardened brown sugar will soften it again in a couple of hours.
- When using dried herbs instead of the fresh herbs that a recipe calls for use 1/3 the amount of dried herbs and vice versa.
- Potatoes will bake in a hurry if they are boiled in salted water for 10 minutes before popping into a very hot oven.
- Make a quick easy herb vinegar: Place a handful of fresh herbs and a nice white or red vinegar in a jar and store in a cool place for two weeks.
- Bake your cake as soon as possible after mixing the batter or it will become heavy.
- Want an easy salad dressing with the taste of oil and vinegar without the fat and calories of oil and vinegar? Try seasoned rice vinegar.
- Ground herbs keep best in containers that shield them from light.
- Try grilling corn on the cob for your next outdoor barbeque.
- When working with ground beef, wet your hands to prevent sticking.
- To prevent soggy picnic salads, place the dressing on the bottom of the bowl. Then cover with plastic wrap. Place the salad on top of the plastic wrap. Right before serving, remove plastic wrap and toss salad.
- For more flavor, crush dried herbs between your fingers before adding them to a dish.
- Use a muffin tin to serve condiments at a picnic or party to save space.
- Use empty plastic bread bags and double-bag store-bought bread before freezing it. The bread freezes without getting freezer burn and thaws out nicer.
- Remove silk from corn by using: asoft plastic scrubber, washcloth, baby bottle brush, a bristle brush., or nylon netting.
- Soak any red game meat in canned evaporated milk for 30 minutes before cooking. This will tenderize even the toughest cuts. It's great for cookouts.
- A leftover baked potato can be re-baked if you dip it in water and bake in a 350 degree F oven for 20 minutes.
- To make uniform hamburgers, sausage patties, etc. use an ice cream scoop.
- A thin slice from each end of the potato will speed up baking time as well.
- When it is hot outside, place plastic cups in your freezer with about an inch of water in them to make instant ice cubes.
- Buy a candy thermometer. They only cost a few bucks, and it may mean the difference between candy and a sugary mess.
- Use a bundt cake pan as a centerpiece when serving meals outdoors on a table with an umbrella. Pan can be used for flowers, dips, ice, floating candles...whatever.
- You'll shed less tears if you cut off the root end of the onion last.
- To remove those nasty garlic and onion smells from your hands, rub them with: coffee grounds, toothpaste, white vinegar, or even salt.
- No more tears when peeling onions if you place them in the freezer for 4 or 5 minutes first.
- When you need both citrus (lemon, lime, orange...) juice and grated peel grate before squeezing the juice. Both jobs will be easier.
- Scalding tomatoes, peaches or pears in boiling water before peeling makes it easier on you and the fruit, skins slip right off.
- To keep fruit from browning dip into the juice from grapefruit, oranges, lemons or pineapples.
- Use your favorite preserves as a glaze for pork or chicken. Try a blend of apricot jam, curry powder, currants or raisins.
- To preserve flavor in berries hull after you wash them.
- Keep a big salt shaker filled with flour by the stove for use in dusting meats and baking pans.
- Almost all fruit tastes better at room temperature.
- Put dates and other sticky fruits in the freezer for about an hour before cutting up. It will make it easier.
- For an attractive dinner relish, use a melon baller to scoop out a stiff jellied relish and arrange attractively.
- To keep meat loaf from coming out greasy, put 2 bread "heels" on the bottom of the pan under the meat before cooking. The bread soaks up the grease and can later be fed to the birds.
- To test whether a pineapple is ripe, see if you can easily pull out a leaf from the crown.
- Put butter or margarine wrappers in a zip-lock bag in freezer for later use in buttering cake pans or cookie sheets.
- The easiest and tastiest way to frost grapes is to first wash and dry them. Then dip them first into lemon juice and then into granulated sugar.
- Always add croutons to a salad at the last possible moment to prevent sogginess.
- Store homemade mayonnaise in the warmest part of your refrigerator for better flavor and to prevent separation.
- Never place your knives in the dishwasher, always wash them by hand, or the handles will slowly deteriorate and the blades dull and pit.
- Always grind your pepper fresh.
- Ripen green fruits by placing them in a perforated plastic bag - the holes allow air movement, yet retain the odorless gas the fruits produce to promote ripening.
- Do not soak wooden salad bowls or use dish soap on them. Because of this never put raw meat or juices into either a salad or dressing.
- To hasten the ripening of garden tomatoes or avocados, put them in a brown paper bag, close the bag and leave at room temperature for a few days.
- Don't toss out the tougher outer leaves of lettuces, they are especially rich in vitamins. Either cut into smaller pieces for your salad or save for making broth or soup.
Rosemary
The botanical name Rosmarinus is derived form the old Latin for 'dew of the sea', a reference to its pale blue dew-like flowers and the fact that it is often grown near the sea. It is a symbol or remembrance and friendship, and is often carried by wedding couples as a sign of love and fidelity.
Tradition says that rosemary will grow for thirty-three years, until it reaches the height of Christ when he was crucified, then it will die. Sprigs of rosemary were placed under pillows at night to ward off evil spirits and bad dreams. The wood was used to make lutes and other musical instruments.
We continue to use rosemary in many of the same ways that our ancestors did: in potpourris to freshen the air, and in cosmetics, disinfectants and shampoos.
Find out more about the history, cultivation and use of Rosemary.
Description
Rosemary is an attractive evergreen shrub with pine needle-like leaves. It's trusses of blue flowers last through spring and summer in a warm, humid environment. It will grow to a height of between 3 and 5 feet.
Cultivation
Propagate from cuttings of the twisted wood of non-flowering branches in early summer, or layer established branches. Rosemary can also be grown from seed. Choose a sheltered position and well-drained soil, and allow the plant lots of sun. The thick shrub tolerates clipping so that the size can be kept in check. In hot weather it will appreciate a good hosing down. In a warm climate it can remain in the same location for up to 30 years, but in climates where freezing temperatures are expected it is best grown in pots so that it can be brought indoors in winter.
'[Rosemary] comforteth the cold, weak and feeble brain in a most wonderful manner.'
'Make thee a box of the wood of rosemary and smell to it and it shall preserve thy youth.' --Banckes'Herbal Rosemary for Remembrance
Scientists at the University of Cincinnati say that the scent of rosemary is an effective memory stimulant. This might make a nice potted plant for your desk at work, or where the kids do their homework!
This idea is not new. In ancient Greece, rosemary was worn by students studying for examinations.
Harvesting The leaves can be harvested any time. Harvest no more than you can use fresh, as they loose most of their flavor when dried.
Medicinal Uses
Cancer Prevention Properties:
Several studies done in the last few years show that oil from the leaves of the very plant sold as a spice for flavoring can help prevent the development of cancerous tumors in laboratory animals. One study, led by Chi-Tang Ho, Ph.D., professor in the Department of Food Science at Rutgers University in New Brunswick, New Jersey, showed that applying rosemary oil to the skin of experimental animals reduced their risk of cancer to half that found in animals that did not receive the application of oil. In other studies by the same research team, animals whose diets contained some rosemary oil had about half the incidence of colon cancer or lung cancer compared with animals not eating rosemary. And researchers at the University of Illinois in Urbana found that rosemary cut by half the incidence of breast cancer in animals at high risk for developing the disease. Future studies will demonstrate whether these properties extend to humans as well. Though these experiments have used rosemary oil to test the effectiveness in preventing cancer, the oil should not be taken internally. Even small doses can cause stomach, kidney and intestinal problems, and large amounts may be poisonous. Use a tea instead. Pregnant women should not use the herb medicinally, although it's okay to use it as a seasoning.
Other Medicinal Properties
Rosemary helps to relax muscles, including the smooth muscles of the digestive tract and uterus. Because of this property it can be used to soothe digestive upsets and relieve menstrual cramps. When used in large amounts it can have the opposite effect, causing irritation of the intestines and cramps. A tea made form the leaves is also taken as a tonic for calming nerves and used as an antiseptic.
Rosemary makes a pleasant-tasting tea. Use one teaspoon of crushed dried leaves in a cup of boiling water and steep for ten minutes.
Cosmetic Uses
Use an oil infusion as a rinse to darken, condition and tone hair.
Try mixing an infusion half and half with shampoo to strengthen hair. To make an infusion, add 2-4 teaspoons of fresh rosemary to a cup of boiling water. Infuse for 10 minutes, then strain. An infusion can also be used as an invigorating toner and astringent.
Rosemary added to a bath strengthens and refreshes, especially when used following an illness.
Culinary Uses
Rosemary and lamb go well together. Make slits in lamb for roasting and tuck in sprigs of the herb. Place larger sprigs over chops for grilling and use chopped leaves sparingly in soups and stews. Use rosemary in bouques garnis and sparingly with fish and in rice dishes.
Other Uses
Use the dried leaves as potpourri and in sachets to scent clothes and linen and deter moths.
FOOD for HEALTH
- Apples: Protect your heart, prevents constipation, Blocks diarrhea,Improves lung capacity, Cushions joints.
- Apricots: Combats cancer, Controls blood pressure, Saves your eyesight, Shields against Alzheimer's Slows aging process.
- Artichokes: Aids digestion, Lowers cholesterol, Protects your heart, Stabilizes blood sugar, Guards against liver disease.
- Avocados: Battles diabetes, Lowers cholesterol, Helps stops strokes, Controls blood pressure, Smoothes skin.
- Bananas: Protects your heart, Quiets a cough, Strengthens bones, Controls blood pressure, Blocks diarrhea.
- Beans: Prevents constipation, Helps hemorrhoids, Lowers cholesterol, Combats cancer, Stabilizes blood sugar.
- Beets: Controls blood pressure, Combats cancer, Strengthens bones, Protects your heart, Aids weight loss.
- Blueberries: Combats cancer, Protects your heart, Stabilizes blood sugar, Boosts memory, Prevents constipation.
- Broccoli: Strengthens bones, Saves eyesight, Combats cancer, Protects your heart, Controls blood pressure.
- Cabbage: Combats cancer, Prevents constipation, Promotes weight loss, Protects your heart, Helps hemorrhoids.
- Cantaloupe: Saves eyesight, Controls blood pressure, Lowers cholesterol, Combats cancer, Supports immune system.
- Carrots: Saves eyesight, Protects your heart, Prevents constipation, Combats cancer, Promotes weight loss.
- Cauliflower: Protects against Prostate Cancer, Combats Breast Cancer, Strengthens bones, Banishes bruises, Guards against heart disease.
- Cherries: Protects your heart, Combats Cancer, Ends insomnia, Slows aging process, Shields against Alzheimer's.
- Chestnuts: Promotes weight loss, Protects your heart, Lowers cholesterol, Combats Cancer, Controls blood pressure.
- Chili peppers: Aids digestion, Soothes sore throat, Clears sinuses, Combats Cancer, Boosts immune system.
- Figs: Promotes weight loss, Helps stops strokes, Lowers cholesterol, Combats Cancer, Controls blood pressure.
- Fish: Protects your heart, Boosts memory, Combats Cancer, Supports immune system.
- Flax: Aids digestion, Battles diabetes, Protects your heart, Improves mental health, Boosts immune system.
- Garlic: Lowers cholesterol, Controls blood pressure, Combats cancer, kills bacteria, Fights fungus.
- Grapefruit: Protects against heart attacks, Promotes Weight loss, Helps stops strokes, Combats Prostate Cancer, Lowers cholesterol.
- Grapes: saves eyesight, Conquers kidney stones, Combats cancer, Enhances blood flow, Protects your heart.
- Green tea: Combats cancer, Protects your heart, Helps stops strokes, Promotes Weight loss, Kills bacteria.
- Honey: Heals wounds, Aids digestion, Guards against ulcers, Increases energy, Fights allergies.
- Lemons: Combats cancer, Protects your heart, Controls blood pressure, Smoothes skin, Stops scurvy.
- Limes: Combats cancer, Protects your heart, Controls blood pressure, Smoothes skin, Stops scurvy.
- Mangoes: Combats cancer, Boosts memory, Regulates thyroid, aids digestion, Shields against Alzheimer's.
- Mushrooms: Controls blood pressure, Lowers cholesterol, Kills bacteria, Combats cancer, Strengthens bones,
- Oats: Lowers cholesterol, Combats cancer, Battles diabetes, prevents constipation, Smoothes skin.
- Olive oil: Protects your heart, Promotes Weight loss, Combats cancer, Battles diabetes, Smoothes skin.
- Onions: Reduce risk of heart attack, Combats cancer, Kills bacteria, Lowers cholesterol, Fights fungus.
- Oranges: Supports immune systems, Combats cancer, Protects your heart, Straightens respiration.
- Peaches: prevents constipation, Combats cancer, Helps stops strokes, aids digestion, Helps hemorrhoids.
- Peanuts: Protects against heart disease, Promotes Weight loss, Combats Prostate Cancer, Lowers cholesterol, Aggravates Diverticulitis.
- Strengthens bones, Relieves colds, Aids digestion, Dissolves warts, Blocks diarrhea.
- Prunes: Slows aging process, prevents constipation, boosts memory, Lowers cholesterol, Protects against heart disease.
- Rice: Protects your heart, Battles diabetes, Conquers kidney stones, Combats cancer, Helps stop strokes.
- Strawberries: Combats cancer, Protects your heart, boosts memory, Calms stress.
- Sweet potatoes: Saves your eyesight, Lifts mood, Combats cancer, Strengthens bones.
- Tomatoes: Protects prostate, Combats cancer, Lowers cholesterol, Protects your heart.
- Walnuts: Lowers cholesterol, Combats cancer.
Lavender
Overview:
Many people appreciate lavender (Lavandula angustifolia or Lavandula officinalis) for its aromatic fragrance, used in soaps, shampoos, and sachets for scenting clothes. The name lavender comes from the Latin root lavare, which means "to wash." Lavender most likely earned this name because it was frequently used in baths to help purify the body and spirit. However, this herb is also considered a natural remedy for a range of ailments from insomnia and anxiety to depression and mood disturbances. Research has confirmed that lavender produces calming, soothing, and sedative effects.
Plant Description:
Lavender is native to the mountainous zones of the Mediterranean where it grows in sunny, stony habitats. Today, it flourishes throughout southern Europe, Australia, and the United States. Lavender is a heavily branched short shrub that grows to a height of roughly 60 centimeters. Its broad rootstock bears woody branches with erect, rod-like, leafy, green shoots. A silvery down covers the gray-green narrow leaves, which are oblong and tapered, attached directly at the base, and curled spirally.
The oil in lavender's small, blue-violet flowers gives the herb its fragrant scent. The flowers are arranged in spirals of 6 - 10 blossoms, forming interrupted spikes above the foliage.
Parts Used:
Essential oil is extracted from the fresh flowers of the lavender plant and used for medicinal purposes.
Medicinal Uses and Indications:
Human clinical studies have reported that lavender essential oil may be beneficial in a variety of conditions, including insomnia, alopecia (hair loss), anxiety, stress, postoperative pain, and as an antibacterial and antiviral agent. Lavender oil is also used together with other forms of integrative medicine, such as massage, acupuncture, and chiropractic manipulation.
Insomnia
In folklore, pillows were filled with lavender flowers to help the restless fall sleep. There is now scientific evidence to suggest that aromatherapy with lavender may slow the activity of the nervous system, improves sleep quality, promote relaxation, and lift mood in people suffering from sleep disorders. Studies also suggest that massage with essential oils, particularly lavender, may result in improved sleep quality, more stable mood, increased mental capacity, and reduced anxiety. In one recent study, participants who received massage with lavender felt less anxious and more positive than participants who received massage alone. Lavender flowers have also been approved in Germany as a tea for insomnia, restlessness, and nervous stomach irritations.
Alopecia areata
In one study of 86 people with alopecia areata (a disease of unknown cause characterized by significant hair loss, generally in patches), those who massaged their scalps with lavender and other essential oils daily for 7 months experienced significant hair re-growth compared to those who massaged their scalps without the essential oils. It is not entirely clear from this study whether lavender (or a combination of lavender and other essential oils) was responsible for the beneficial effects.
Other uses
Aromatherapists also use lavender as a tonic in inhalation therapy to treat headaches, nervous disorders, and exhaustion. Herbalists treat skin ailments, such as fungal infections (like candidiasis), wounds, eczema, and acne, with lavender oil. It is also used externally in a healing bath for circulatory disorders and as a rub for rheumatic ailments (conditions affecting the muscles and joints). One study evaluating essential oils, including lavender, for treating children with eczema concluded that the oils added no benefit to therapeutic touch from the mother; in other words massage with and without essential oils was equally effective in improving the dry, scaly skin lesion. A recent study found that the use of lavender oil may improve postoperative pain control. Fifty patients undergoing breast biopsy surgery received either oxygen supplemented with lavender oil or oxygen alone. Patients in the lavender group reported a higher satisfaction rate with pain control than patients in the control group.
Available Forms:
Commercial preparations are made from dried flowers and essential oils of the lavender plant. These preparations are available in the following forms:
* Aromatherapy oil
* Bath gels
* Extracts
* Infusions
* Lotions
* Soaps
* Teas
* Tinctures
* Whole, dried flowers
How to Take It:
Pediatric
* Oral use in children is not recommended.
* May be used topically in diluted concentrations to treat skin infections and injuries, such as minor cuts and scrapes. DO NOT USE ON OPEN WOUNDS -- seek medical attention. A small study published in the New England Journal of Medicine in 2007, however, concluded that lavender and tea oils in some shampoos, soaps, and lotions may cause gynecomastia, breast development in a male, in boys.
* May be used as aromatherapy for children. Use 2 - 4 drops in 2 - 3 cups of boiling water. Inhale vapors for headache, depression, or insomnia.
Adult
The following are recommended adult doses for lavender:
* Internal use: Tea: 1 - 2 tsp whole herb per cup of hot water. Steep for 10 - 15 minutes and drink, 1-3 times a day.
* Tincture (1:4): 20 - 40 drops, 3 times a day
* Inhalation: 2 - 4 drops in 2 - 3 cups of boiling water. Inhale vapors for headache, depression, or insomnia.
* Topical external application: lavender oil is one of the few oils that can be safely applied undiluted. For ease of application, add 1 - 4 drops per tablespoon of base oil (such as almond or olive oil). DO NOT USE LAVENDER OIL INTERNALLY. Also, avoid contact with the eyes or mucous membranes such as the lips and nostril.
Precautions:
The use of herbs is a time-honored approach to strengthening the body and treating disease. Herbs, however, contain active components that can trigger side effects and interact with other herbs, supplements, or medications. For these reasons, herbs should be taken with care, under the supervision of a health care provider qualified in the field of botanical medicine.
Although side effects are rare, some individuals may develop an allergic reaction to lavender. Nausea, vomiting, headache, and chills have also been reported in some individuals following inhalation or absorption of lavender through the skin.
Pregnant and breast-feeding women should avoid using lavender.
Possible Interactions:
* CNS Depressants -- There are no known scientific reports of interactions between lavender and conventional medications. However, due to the relaxing qualities of lavender, this herb could potentially enhance the effects of central nervous system depressants, including narcotics (such as morphine or oxycodone) for pain and sedative and anti-anxiety agents (such as lorazepam, diazepam, and alprazolam). Talk to your health care provider before using lavender with these and other sedating medications.
Alternative Names:
Common lavender; English lavender; French lavender; Garden lavender; Lavandula angustifolia; Lavandula latifolia; Lavandula officinalis
Sent in by Sharon, April 2009
What is a Dutch Oven?
A Dutch oven is a durable, versatile cooking vessel with a tight fitting lid. In production since the seventeenth century, Dutch ovens are here to stay.
It has been said that early Dutch traders gave rise to the name Dutch oven. It is believed that the Dutch oven originated as far back as the seventeenth century, in Europe, where it was manufactured. In North American history, the Dutch oven was first used by colonists. Because of the durable cast iron that they were made from, Dutch ovens were the perfect vessel for conducting a more uniform heat; not only on the bottom of the pot, but on the sides as well. For the colonists who began their new lives in a new country, Dutch ovens were indispensible for baking, boiling, frying, roasting, and stewing. As colonists ventured westward across North America, so too did the Dutch oven go.
The cast iron Dutch oven was even the pot of choice for chuck wagon cooks who needed to feed hungry cowboys, when cattle drives took place. Out on the range, cooking over a camp fire, coals could be placed atop the flat Dutch oven lid, turning the Dutch oven into an oven of sorts. Biscuits could be cooked using this technique, while another Dutch oven might house chili, the perfect, hearty, one-pot meal to satisfy hardworking, tired men.
Over the years, the popularity of Dutch ovens has remained, and today, Dutch ovens are still enjoyed outdoors by camping aficionados who enjoy hot cooked meals with little clean up. When cooking with a Dutch oven in the wilderness, everything from breakfast foods to desserts can be made in this sturdy pot. One important piece of information you must know is that you need to season your Dutch oven before cooking foods in it. Seasoning your cast iron Dutch oven is a must, in order to prevent it from rusting and to create a natural, non-stick cooking surface.
Seasoning the Pan
If you purchase a cast iron pan it is necessary to season it well in order to make it as non-stick as possible and to lengthen its life. Some pans that are well taken care of will last for generations. Wash the new pan with soap and warm water very well as there is usually a lacquer on them that will burn onto the food the first time it’s used. Old, rusty pans can be scrubbed with steel wool and washed with soap and water, too, but be sure to clean any vestiges of steel shavings from the steel wool out of the pan.
Dry the pan well and use a clean towel or paper towel to rub a thin layer of shortening or other vegetable oil all over the cooking area of the pan. You may want to oil the outside of the pan also, purely for appearances. Do not use animal fat or lard as it can become rancid very quickly.
After rubbing the oil into the pan, place the pan in a warm oven at 250 F, or over warm coals for 2 hours, replacing the coals often to maintain the temperature. Cool the pan and repeat the oiling, heating and cooling process 2 more times.
To clean your pan after the oiling and baking process, wash with warm water, rinsing and drying thoroughly after each use. Each time you wash your pan dry it completely in a low oven. If you wish you can oil it lightly and bake in the oven again. This process, known as "curing" will ensure that your pan maintains its non-stick surface and keeps your pan lasting for a lifetime.
Today, Dutch ovens are available in cast iron, enameled cast iron, aluminum, ceramic, and stainless steel. You can even buy pre-seasoned cast iron Dutch ovens ready to use.
to 'Peel' Hard-Boiled Eggs Without Peeling
Hard-boiled eggs can be annoying and time consuming to peel.
Instructions:
Cover the eggs with water and boil on low for about 12 minutes
Cool the eggs by placing them in cold water with 1 teaspoon of baking soda and ice. The baking soda raises the pH level and reduces adherence. If you choose not to use baking soda, be sure to move the eggs into cold water with plenty of ice immediately after boiling
Crack the top of the egg and remove a small piece Crack the bottom (wide end) of the egg and remove a small piece
Hold the egg in your hand and blow vigorously into the narrow end of the egg, which will expel it out the wide end
Doesn’t get much easier than that! Just be ready to catch it when it comes out…
For tips and guidelines on selecting the freshest and healthiest eggs, please see the links listed under Related Articles.
Shared with us by Cindy
Did You Know
- Eliminate ear mites. All it takes is a few drops of Wesson corn oil in your cat's ear...Massage it in, then clean with a cotton ball Repeat daily for 3 days. The oil soothes the cat's skin, smothers the mites, and accelerates healing.
- Kills fleas instantly...Dawn dishwashing liquid does the trick. Add a few drops to your dog's bath and shampoo the animal thoroughly. Rinse well to avoid skin irritations. Good-bye fleas.
- Rainy day cure for dog odor .. Next time your dog comes in from the rain, simply wipe down the animal with Bounce or any dryer sheet, instantly making your dog smell springtime fresh.
- Did You Know drinking two glasses of Gatorade can relieve headache pain almost immediately -- without the unpleasant side effects caused by traditional "pain relievers."
- Did you know that Colgate toothpaste makes an excellent salve for burns.
- Before you head to the drugstore for a high-priced inhaler filled with mysterious chemicals, try chewing on a couple of curiously strong Altoids peppermints. They'll clear up your stuffed nose.
- Achy muscles from a bout of the flu? Mix 1 Tablespoon of horseradish in 1 cup of olive oil. Let the mixture sit for 30 minutes, then apply it as a massage oil, for instant relief for aching muscles.
- Sore throat? Just mix 1/4 cup of vinegar with 1/4 cup of honey and take 1 tablespoon six times a day. The vinegar kills the bacteria.
- Cure urinary tract infections with Alka-Seltzer. Just dissolve two tablets in a glass of water and drink it at the onset of the symptoms. Alka-Seltzer begins eliminating urinary tract infections almost instantly -- even though the product was never been advertised for this use.
- Honey remedy for skin blemishes ... Cover the blemish with a dab of honey and place a Band-Aid over it. Honey kills the bacteria, keeps the skin sterile, and speeds healing. Works overnight.
- Listerine therapy for toenail fungus. Get rid of unsightly toenail fungus by soaking your toes in Listerine mouthwash. The powerful antiseptic leaves your toenails looking healthy again.
- Easy eyeglass protection... To prevent the screws in eyeglasses from loosening, apply a small drop of Maybelline Crystal Clear nail polish to the threads of the screws before tightening them.
- Cleaning liquid that doubles as bug killer .... If menacing bees, wasps, hornets, or yellow jackets get in your home and you can't find the insecticide, try a spray of Formula 409. Insects drop to the ground instantly. Smart splinter remover. Just pour a drop of Elmer's Glue-All over the splinter, let dry, and peel the dried glue off the skin. The splinter sticks to the dried glue.
- Hunt's tomato paste boil cure ... cover the boil with Hunt's tomato paste as a compress. The acids from the tomatoes soothe the pain and bring the boil to a head.
- Balm for broken blisters... To disinfect a broken blister, dab on a few drops of Listerine. a powerful antiseptic.
- Vinegar to heal bruises ... Soak a cotton ball in white vinegar and apply it to the bruise for 1 hour. The vinegar reduces the blueness and speeds up the healing process.
- Quaker Oats for fast pain relief... It's not for breakfast any more! Mix 2 cups of Quaker Oats and 1 cup of water in a bowl and warm in the microwave for 1 minute, cool slightly, and apply the mixture to your hands for soothing relief from arthritis pain.
Dry fish is one of the best dish here in Uganda Africa and it is good for both young and old, it helps the body to be strong and heathly and it give nutrius and it contians proteins. First boil it, for thirty mintus, seperate it from the soup and put the soup aide than get some little oil and deepfly it, my dear you will enjoy it
Edith, Uganda
HERBES DE PROVENCE
Herbes de Provence, or Provençal herbs, is a traditional blend of aromatic herbs that flourish in hills of southern France during the hot summer months. Used by the handful when fresh, Herbes de Provence is also good using dried herbs. Bay leaf, thyme, fennel, rosemary, chervil, oregano, summer savoury, tarragon, mint, and marjoram are some of the herbs typically used. Orange zest is sometimes included as is lavender, though the lavender is less traditional and was added more for the benefit of tourists who saw lavender fields as almost emblematic of the Provençe region. Traditional or not, the addition of lavender is an nice addition to the blend.
Herbes de Provence is a good addition to any dish from the Mediterranean region and is especially good mixed with olive oil to coat chicken, fish, tomatoes or chunks of potato for roasting, adding to a pizza sauce or sprinkled over game or kabobs before roasting. It's also used for seasoning salads, sauces and cheeses, as well as soups and stews. Try rubbing the blend on whole turkey or the breast before roasting. Rub beef, lamb or veal with olive oil, season with salt and pepper, then press the herb blend into the meat. Sear the meat in a very hot skillet on both sides, then remove and finish roasting in a 300 degree oven until cooked to your preference. When grilling add a pinch or two of herbes de Provence to the coals when they are hot.
Herbes de Provence is often sold in traditional terracotta jars which make both a charming gift and effective storage container.
Recipe for Herbes de Provence.
Ingredients:
Preparation:
- 1 tablespoon thyme
- 1 tablespoon chervil
- 1 tablespoon rosemary
- 1 tablespoon summer savoury
- 1 teaspoon lavender
- 1 teaspoon tarragon
- 1 teaspoon marjoram
- 1/2 teaspoon oregano
- 1/2 teaspoon mint
- 2 powdered or chopped bay leaves
Mix together all of the ingredients and store in a tightly sealed container.
Makes about 1/3 cup herb mix.
Coming back from a Sunday drive where we were investigating part of Reunion October programme, we saw field after field of sunflowers in different stages of ripeness, which prompted me to include an article on them this week.SUNFLOWER
Sunflowers are native to the Americas. There is some debate about where the sunflower was first domesticated. The earliest known examples of a fully domesticated sunflower date back to around 2300 B.C.. The Incas used the sunflower as an image of their sun god. Gold images of the flower, as well as seeds, were taken back to Europe early in the16th Century.
To grow well, sunflowers need full sun. They grow best in fertile, moist, well-drained soil with a lot of mulch. In commercial planting, seeds are planted 45 cm (1.5') apart and 2.5 cm (1") deep. Sunflower "whole seed" (fruit) are sold as a snack food after roasting within heated ovens with or without salt added. Sunflowers can be processed into a peanut butter alternative, sunbutter, especially in China, Russia the United States the Middle east and Europe. It is also sold as food for birds and can be used directly in cooking and salads. Sunflower oil, extracted from the seeds, is used for cooking, as a carrier oil and to produce biodeisel, for which it is less expensive than the olive product. A range of sunflower varieties exist with differing fatty acid compositions; some 'high oleic' types contain a higher level of healthy monounsaturated fats in their oil than even oliveoil. During the 18th Century, the use of sunflower oil became very popular in Europe, particularly with members of the Russian Orthodox Church because sunflower oil was one of the few oils that was not prohibited during Lent. The cake remaining after the seeds have been processed for oil is used as a livestock feed. For farmers growing other crops, the sunflower is considered a weed. The wild variety will grow unwanted in corn and soybean fields and can have a negative impact on yields.
Health Benefits
Looking for a health-promoting snack? A handful of sunflower seeds will take care of your hunger, while also enhancing your health by supplying significant amounts of vitamin E, magnesium and selenium.
Anti-Inflammatory and Cardiovascular Benefits from Sunflower Seeds' Vitamin E
Sunflower seeds are an excellent source of vitamin E, the body's primary fat-soluble antioxidant. Vitamin E travels throughout the body neutralizing free radicals that would otherwise damage fat-containing structures and molecules, such as cell membranes, brain cells, and cholesterol. By protecting these cellular and molecular components, vitamin E has significant anti-inflammatory effects that result in the reduction of symptoms in asthma, osteoarthritis, and rheumatoid arthritis, conditions where free radicals and inflammation play a big role. Vitamin E has also been shown to reduce the risk of colon cancer, help decrease the severity and frequency of hot flashes in women going through menopause, and help reduce the development of diabetic complications.
In addition, vitamin E plays an important role in the prevention of cardiovascular disease. Vitamin E is one of the main antioxidants found in cholesterol particles and helps prevent free radicals from oxidizing cholesterol. Only after it has been oxidized is cholesterol able to adhere to blood vessel walls and initiate the process of atherosclerosis, which can lead to blocked arteries, heart attack, or stroke. Getting plenty of vitamin E can significantly reduce the risk of developing atherosclerosis. In fact, studies show that people who get a good amount of vitamin E are at a much lower risk of dying of a heart attack than people whose dietary intake of vitamin E is marginal or inadequate. Just a quarter-cup of sunflower seeds contains 90.5% of the daily value for vitamin E.
Sunflower Seeds' Phytosterols Lower Cholesterol Phytosterols are compounds found in plants that have a chemical structure very similar to cholesterol, and when present in the diet in sufficient amounts, are believed to reduce blood levels of cholesterol, enhance the immune response and decrease risk of certain cancers.
Phytosterols beneficial effects are so dramatic that they have been extracted from soybean, corn, and pine tree oil and added to processed foods, such as "butter"-replacement spreads, which are then touted as cholesterol-lowering "foods." But why settle for an imitation "butter" when Mother Nature's nuts and seeds are a naturally rich source of phytosterols-and cardio-protective fiber, minerals and healthy fats as well?
More information on Sunflower benefits
Foods that Aid Health
- A sliced Carrot looks like the human eye The pupil, iris and radiating lines look just like the human eye...and YES science now shows that carrots greatly enhance blood flow to and function of the eyes.
- A Tomato has four chambers and is red. The heart is red and has four chambers. All of the research shows tomatoes are indeed pure heart and blood food.
- Grapes hang in a cluster that has the shape of the heart. Each grape looks like a blood cell and all of the research today shows that grapes are also profound heart and blood vitalizing food.
- A Walnut looks like a little brain, a left and right hemisphere, upper cerebrums and lower cerebellums. Even the wrinkles or folds are on the nut just like the neo-cortex. We now know that walnuts help develop over 3 dozen neuron-transmitters for brain function.
- Kidney Beans actually heal and help maintain kidney function and yes, they look exactly like the human kidneys.
- Celery, Bok Choy, Rhubarb and more look just like bones. These foods specifically target bone strength. Bones are 23% sodium and these foods are 23% sodium. If you don't have enough sodium in your diet the body pulls it from the bones, making them weak. These foods replenish the skeletal needs of the body.
- Eggplant, Avocadoes and Pears target the health and function of the womb and cervix of the female - they look just like these organs. Today's research shows that when a woman eats 1 avocado a week, it balances hormones, sheds unwanted birth weight and prevents cervical cancers. And how profound is this? .... It takes exactly 9 months to grow an avocado from blossom to ripened fruit. There are over 14,000 photolytic chemical constituents of nutrition in each one of these foods (modern science has only studied and named about 141 of them).
- Figs are full of seeds and hang in twos when they grow. Figs increase the motility of male sperm and increase the numbers of Sperm as well to overcome male sterility.
- Sweet Potatoes look like the pancreas and actually balance the glycemic index of diabetics.
- Olives assist the health and function of the ovaries
- Grapefruits, Oranges, and other Citrus fruits look just like the mammary glands of the female and actually assist the health of the breasts and the movement of lymph in and out of the breasts.
- Onions look like body cells. Today's research shows that onions help clear waste materials from all of the body cells They even produce tears which wash the epithelial layers of the eyes.
WALNUTS
Walnuts are a delicious way to add extra nutrition, flavor and crunch to a meal. While walnuts are harvested in December, they are available year round a great source of those all-important omega-3 fatty acids.
Health Benefits
When it comes to their health benefits, walnuts definitely are not a hard nut to crack. This delicious nut is an excellent source of omega-3 essential fatty acids, a special type of protective fat the body cannot manufacture. Walnuts' concentration of omega-3s (a quarter-cup provides 90.8% of the daily value for these essential fats) has many potential health benefits ranging from cardiovascular protection, to the promotion of better cognitive function, to anti-inflammatory benefits helpful in asthma, rheumatoid arthritis, and inflammatory skin diseases such as eczema and psoriasis. In addition, walnuts contain an antioxidant compound called ellagic acid that supports the immune system and appears to have several anticancer properties.
How to Select and Store
When purchasing whole walnuts that have not been shelled, choose those that feel heavy for their size. Their shells should not be cracked, pierced or stained, as this is oftentimes a sign of mold development on the nutmeat, which renders it unsafe for consumption.
Shelled walnuts are generally available in prepackaged containers as well as bulk bins. Just as with any other food that you may purchase in the bulk section, make sure that the bins containing the walnuts are covered and that the store has a good product turnover so as to ensure its maximal freshness. Whether purchasing walnuts in bulk or in a packaged container, avoid those that look rubbery or shriveled. If it is possible to smell the walnuts, do so in order to ensure that they are not rancid.Due to their high polyunsaturated fat content, walnuts are extremely perishable and care should be taken in their storage. Shelled walnuts should be stored in an airtight container and placed in the refrigerator, where they will keep for six months, or the freezer, where they will last for one year. Unshelled walnuts should preferably be stored in the refrigerator, although as long as you keep them in a cool, dry, dark place they will stay fresh for up to six months.
More information on Walnuts
Almonds
A Whole Food That Can Do A Whole Lot Of Good For Your Heart Consumers with a soft spot for almonds can take this to heart: researchers have found that eating whole almonds, as part of a low-saturated fat diet, can significantly lower heart disease risk -- even with total fat consumption well above current dietary recommendations.
- Almonds offer protein, unsaturated fat, dietary fiber, vitamin E, magnesium, and calcium.
- Adding nuts (specifically, almonds) to your low-calorie diet may improve your actual weight loss. It may also enhance the effects that weight loss has on blood pressure and blood lipids according to a study in the International Journal of Obesity.
- Almonds are rich in Antioxidants which in this case are good for the lungs
- Almonds are high in protein. One ounce contains 12% of our daily protein needs. Because almonds are a plant food, they contain no cholesterol.
- Almonds contain generous amounts of vitamin E, considered a powerful antioxidant with cancer-fighting qualities. They're also high in magnesium, containing even more than spinach.
- Almonds are abundant in phosphorus, which is good for bones and teeth. One ounce (28 g) contains 143 mg of phosphorus. They also contain potassium, iron, zinc, copper, manganese, and trace amounts of the B vitamins thiamin and riboflavin.
- Almonds are higher in calcium than all other nuts. One ounce of raw blanched almonds contains 66 mg calcium. One ounce of almonds, approximately 20 to 25, has as much calcium as 1/4 cup (59 ml) of milk.
- Almonds are also higher in fiber than any other nut. One ounce of blanched almonds contains 1.5 g fiber. Unblanched almonds are nearly double the fiber as blanched. If you are pregnant, almonds can be a nutritious way of preventing certain birth defects because of their high folic acid content.
- Although almonds, like all nuts, are high in fat, they are very low in saturated fat. One ounce (28 g) contains 15 g fat with only 1 g saturated. Most of the fat in almonds is monounsaturated, considered beneficial fat.
The researchers also found that the fat content of almonds does not necessarily result in weight gain, and actually play a role in lowering bad Cholesterol . Some experts consider them an excellent substitute for meats
More on Nuts
Calorie Counting 1-2-3
To quickly figure how many calories you should consume to maintain your present weight -- or to achieve your ideal weight -- use the following calculations.
Happy Eating!!!
- - Multiply your ideal weight in kilograms by 33 (or in pounds by 15) to find the number of calories you need to keep that weight. If your ideal weight is 56.8 kg (125 lb), you should consume 1,875 calories daily to keep your weight.
- - If you are overweight, subtract 500 calories from the total number of calories for each 450 g (1 lb) per week you wish to lose. For example, if you wish to weigh 56.8 kg (125 lb) but presently weigh 59 kg (130 lb), cut your caloric intake to 1,375 in order to lose 450 g (1 lb) per week. It will take you approxiately 5 weeks to lose the 2.25 kg (5 lb)
- - IF YOU WISH TO GAIN WEIGHT , add 500 calories to the number of calories needed to maintain your ideal weight. For example, if your ideal weight is 56.8 kg (125 lb) but you weigh 54.4 kg (120 lb), consume 2,375 calories per day (1,875 plus 500). It will take you 5 weeks to gain the extra weight.
Sent in by Sharon, Canada
Watercress
According to a recent survey,a daily diet of watercress could be a life-saver. A little cress everyday can considerable reduce damage to blood cells, which is considered to be an important trigger in the delevopment to cancer. Brimming with more than 15 essential nutrients , including vitamin C, folic acid, iron vitamin A and calcium, it is also low in fat, tastes great and is incredible versatile in different dishes of meat fish, stir-fries, soups and salads
Facts and Folklore associated with cress
Sent in by Sylvia, Dorset UK
- The ancient Greeks called watercress 'Kardomon' and believed it could brighten their intellect. Thay have a proverb which says 'Eat watercress and get wit'
- Romans and Anglosaxons ate watercress to prevent baldness.
- Water cress is believed by many to be an aphrodisiac. In Crete, islanders swear by its powers, and ancient recipes are handed downfrom one generation to the next.
- Eating a bag of watercress is said to be a good cure for a hangover.
- The pungant peppery leaves and succulent stalks act as a simulant to digestion and to the taste buds. The Romans called it 'nasturtium'which translates as twisted nose.
- Victorians thought the plant was a cure for toothache, hiccups and even freckles.
BLUEBERRIES
Blueberrioes could help prevent one of the most common cancers a study has found.
The berries, already hailed as am anti-ageing super food, contain a compound called 'pterostilbene' which could help fight colon cancer, due to the antioxidants it contains. This is found in the pigment that gives blueberries their colour, the darker the berry, the higher the concentration of antioxidants. The study says that though the berry compound will not cure colon cancer, it could help to prevent the disease.
it draws attention to the factb that more berry fruits need to be included in a diet especially blueberries, as the compound appears to reduce the growth rate of cancerous cells, and inhibiting certain genes involved in inflammation, both of which are implicated in the development of the disease. Colon cancer is related to high fat diets.
Blueberries have also been found to improve short-term memory loss, and enhance balance and coordination
More Information on this fruit
Mushroom Facts
Lets talk mushrooms.
Did you know:
Here is a nice website with some great mushroom recipe ideas.
- Only rinse mushrooms just prior to use.
- A mushroom is more flavourful when the cap is "open"
- A Portabetta has more potassium than a medium banana
- Mushrooms are a good source of the essential mineral, Selenim
- Mushrooms, particularly Portabellas, are a rich source of riboflavin
- A criminl (brown mushroom) is a baby portabella
- White mushrooms will last up to 5 days refrigerated in a brown paper bag
- Mushrooms contain only 23 calories per 100 grams
Sent in by Sharon, May 2007
Potato Facts
The Andean Mountains of South America is the birth place of the Irish white potato.
Origin of the Potato
The Aymara Indians were the innovators of the freeze dried potato. The potatoes are still produced today as they were in the times of the Incas. The potatoes are spread on the ground on frosty nights. During the day they are covered with straw to protect against the burning rays of the sun. This way they turn completely white.
After exposure to the frost, woman and children trample on them to get rid of moisture and wear away the peel. Then they are put in a stream of running water for a few weeks in order to wash out the bitter taste.
Then they are dried out for two weeks. These potatoes can be stored for up to four years.
Nutritional Facts Potatoes are high in vitamin C and potassium. In fact, just 1 medium potato has 45% of the vitamin C and 21% of the potassium our bodies need every day for good health. WOW - potatoes are nutritious!
Potatoes are also a good source of fibre! Just one serving of potatoes have 12% of the fibre we need every day.
Did you know potato skins also have nutrients. In fact, potato skins contain fibre, potassium, iron, calcium, zinc, phosphorus and B vitamins. That's why it's best to eat potatoes with their skins!
Did you know that one medium potato has almost three times more potassium than one medium orange? No wonder potatoes are so popular - they're nutritious and are a great source of energy! Remember to count 1 medium potato toward your 5 a day. Eating potatoes are a nutritious and cool way to get your 5 a day.
Sent in by Sharon, April 2007
EGGS
Which came first, the chicken or the egg? It's an age-old question that still remains a mystery. And that's not the only mystery surrounding eggs. Techniques such as poached, omelettes or hard-cooked seem simple but can be tough methods to crack. Burnt bottoms, runny tops, ring-around-the-yolk, or imperfect poaches are common pitfalls.
First things first ... How to select eggs and how to keep them fresh.
Choosing eggs is easy - there are really just two main things to do: Check the best before date and open the carton to be sure none of your eggs are cracked.
Now, when it comes to storage, those egg holders in your fridge seem handy, but keep your eggs in their carton. Otherwise, they can absorb the smells of other foods. It's also best to store them in the main part of the fridge, where the temperature will remain the most consistent.
One final tip: if you're not sure if an egg is fresh, there's a simple test. Drop the egg in a glass of water - a fresh egg will sink, while an older egg will rise to the top.
Now on to egg dilemmas. Here are some tips to become an eggs-pert in no time! So, go on, get out there and break an egg!
The Perfect Poach
Bring 2 to 3 inch of water to boil in a fry pan. Reduce heat to simmer.
Break cold eggs, one at a time, into a custard cup. Holding the dish close to the water surface, slip egg into water quickly. Do not crowd eggs in pan.
Cook in gently simmering water about 3 to 5 minutes, until whites are completely set and yolks are firm and covered with a thin transparent layer of white.
Remove eggs from water with a slotted spoon. Drain in spoon or place on paper towels and trim any rough edges, if desired. Serve hot. Avoid precooking or reheating poached eggs.
Hard-Cooked 1-2-3
Cover a single layer of large eggs with water in a saucepan. Water level should be at least 1 inch above eggs. Cover the saucepan and quickly bring the water just to boiling.
Remove from heat. Let eggs stand covered in the hot water for 15 minutes (18 minutes for extra-large eggs).
Drain water from pan and immediately run cold water over eggs until completely cooled.
Very fresh eggs are harder to peel. Use eggs that have been in your refrigerator for a few days.
Scrambled Eggs Success
The secret to successfully scrambling eggs is to cook them slowly over low heat. Resist the temptation to rush the cooking process by using a higher heat as this results in over cooked, rubbery-textured eggs.
sent in by Sharon, Apreil 2007
How to Remove Fat from Soup
Instructions:
Option 1. To remove fat from hot soup or broth, use a large metal spoon and skim off the fat that rises to the top.
Option 2. You also can cover and refrigerate the soup or broth for 6 to 8 hours or until the fat solidifies on the surface. Then use a spoon to lift off the hardened fat.
Utensils:
In addition, there are utensils that will help you remove fat.
A good one is a fat-skimming ladle that has slots near the upper edge of its bowl to skim off fat; the fat drains into the bowl of the ladle.
Also useful is a large fat-separating pitcher that has a spout near the bottom. After the soup stands a few minutes in the pitcher, the fat rises to the top. You then pour off the broth, leaving the fat in the pitcher.
Sent in by Sharon
About Coconuts
Known as the "tree of life," the coconut palm is one of the most important agricultural crops of the Philippines. It yields timber; food; fermented and unfermented drink; alcohol; vinegar; thatching material; splints; strips and fiber for making baskets, mates, rope, hats, brushes, brooms, and other articles; fuel; caulking material; utensils for household use, such as cups, bowls, spoons, and the like; oil for food, cooking, illumination, for making soap, substitutes for butter and lard, ointments; and oil for cake for feeding domestic animals and for fertilizer.
3 Terrific Uses For Coconut Milk
Coconut milk is a new to the health food arena, but it is causing quite a stir. Although many of us enjoy toasted coconut in cookies, in a creamy pie, or as flavoring for other desserts, few are aware of the fact that coconuts generally, and coconut milk in particular, offer an exciting array of hidden benefits to the human body. Scientists are working eagerly to study the possible medical treatments and cures that coconut milk might be able to produce. In the near future we might be seeing more coconut milk products at the grocery store, cosmetic counter and even pharmacy.
How is coconut milk made?
Most people do not know how to make coconut milk the proper way—you can’t just poke a hole through the tough skin and pour it out. Squeezed from the moist, white flesh of mature coconuts, the milk comes in two forms: thin and thick. The thin form of coconut milk is taken directly from the flesh via a first-squeeze process. Then the flesh is grated or sliced thin, soaked in hot water, and squeezed through cheesecloth or a thin mesh strainer a second time to produce the thicker version. This may be done two or three times to get increasingly diluted coconut milk that is still usable in a number of ways. The pre-existing liquid inside the fruit is usually referred to as coconut water and has its own claims to health-related fame.
What’s so great about coconut milk?
Although experts condemned the use of coconut milk a few decades ago due to its high-fat content, recent studies have uncovered valuable aspects of this fluid that can be used in a number of ways to improve people’s health.
Use Coconut Milk as a Health Aid
Although high in saturated fat and calories, coconut milk is similar to human milk in key ways and contains important nutrients and fiber content.
You can make your own coconut milk at home. But for convenience, you can buy it in prepared form in a can or bottle at health food stores or Asian grocery supply shops. Be sure to refrigerate a container that has been opened, or it will go sour. Some stores sell coconut milk powder so you can mix it yourself to make several fresh servings over a period of time. It appears that coconut milk nutrition adds a valuable component to good health. Here are three key ways to make use of this intriguing natural substance.
Benefits of coconut milk include possible anti-viral and anti-carcinogenic properties. In fact, it is currently being tested as a supplemental treatment for various chronic ailments with no known cure such as HIV. Check with your doctor first, and then try drinking coconut milk on a regular basis to safeguard your body from viral infections and to strengthen your immune system. If you suffer from a chronic viral condition like herpes, you can ask the doctor to check your blood levels before you start drinking coconut milk, and then check again every few weeks to measure any impact from the milk.
Keep an eye on the calories, though. A full cup (8 ounces) of thick coconut milk can have over 500 calories. Start with one-half cup per day to see how you like it and whether it affects your body in positive or negative ways. Most people like the taste of coconut milk, but if you don’t, you can add it to drink recipes, like a virgin colada (if you prefer nonalcoholic beverages) or a tropical smoothie.
Coconut Milk in Various Cooking Recipes
People around the world enjoy tasty Asian recipes that utilize coconut milk; for example, Thai food and certain kinds of Indian dishes use coconut milk and coconut oil for their unique contribution to many recipes. If adding coconut milk to your food seems distasteful, visit restaurants that specialize in Thai or Indian cuisine, as well as African or Hawaiian food, to sample various uses of coconut flavoring in prepared dishes. Many Oriental eateries offer coconut chicken or shrimp on the menu, and coconut milk soup is a gourmet treat. Items like these will give you an idea of their taste and texture and determine whether you want to try the recipe at home. In addition to beverages and appetizers, coconut milk can be added to main dishes, side dishes, and desserts. Some creative chefs substitute coconut milk for almost any recipe calling for other kinds of milk, but you will need to adjust these for texture and taste.
Another popular use is as a creamer or sweetener for coffee and tea. Powdered coconut milk can be packed in lunches or taken on camping trips, and is allegedly safe for kids and seniors. It could be a great substitute for those who don’t like the taste of regular powdered milk.
Condition Your Skin With Coconut Milk
Cosmetic experts report improved skin condition from topical use. Outside the body, coconut milk can provide numerous healthy uses to make your skin clean and moist.
Sephora.com offers a coconut milk salt scrub that gently exfoliates the body’s top skin layer while leaving the next layer smooth and supple. Many high-quality cosmetic manufacturers sell an assortment of beauty supplies that are made of or include coconut milk. These include body lotion, facial cream, body wash or soap, hair shampoo, hair conditioner, shower gel, foaming shower wash, body bath, and body butter.
As when purchasing coconut milk at the store, look for skin care products that contain no chemicals like artificial colors or scents, and preferably no preservatives. Read the ingredients to see what benefits, if any, are offered by the product. For example, some coconut milk cosmetic cleansers may offer anti-bacterial and anti-viral benefits to your skin, especially when used on a regular basis. Most if not all will help to moisturize and soften the skin. Make sure the product uses real coconut milk, not an artificial substitute. Check for the inclusion of sun screen that is SPF 15 or higher.
When shopping for coconut milk, avoid the “light” or diluted variety; it contains less of the lauric acid, which the body turns to monolaurin. an essential health aid. Don’t buy coconut milk with additives or chemicals, which can negatively impact its nutritional value. Lastly, look for credible health food sources when you go shopping.
Who would have thought that an exotic tropical fruit like the coconut could offer so much support to the human body? As a newer health food option, coconut milk continues to undergo testing and experiments to measure its advantages. Natural, tasty and accessible, coconut milk might have more untapped resources to be revealed in the future if it turns out to be usable as a treatment for viral or chronic diseases or as a cancer preventative. For now, explore the full range of health and nutrition options available in coconut milk as an interesting new addition to the health food industry.
There is a lot more on :Coconuts here, including culinary, medicinal and beverage uses. Yet more information!
Posted by Daphne
IMPROVE YOUR KNIFE SKILLS IN THE KITCHEN
This is an extract from a new page
1. Forget what celebrity and iron chefs do with knives - they're professionals. They do it for a living. Sure, it looks real fancy when they go at almost the speed of light chopping onions or parsley, but those routines take much practice and special skills to perfect.
2. Purchase good knives and keep them sharp. Learn how to use a steel or honing stone.
3. Don't hold a knife in such a manner that draws the sharp edge towards you. Too many people have been hurt slicing a bagel in half.
4: When slicing round ingredients like onions, first cut them in half. Then place the flat end on the cutting surface and slice or chop. Trying to steady round items while chopping or slicing means a trip to the hospital.
5. Always curl fingertips in and under your knuckles to hold the item you're cutting.
6. Wield a knife at your own pace. Don't worry about going slow. Keeping your fingers safe is more important.
7. Learn how to rock a knife rather than drawing it across the object like a saw. For example, when slicing carrots place the knife tip on the cutting surface and lift only the handle leaving the tip of the blade on the surface, then rock the knife. It's this technique that makes celebrity chefs look so cool and fast.
8. Keep a first-aid kit in the kitchen in case you need it.
44 things to do with vinegar
Sure, it's good on fries, but that's not all vinegar can do. Here are tons of uses for this all-natural wonder liquid.
1. Kill weeds. Spray full-strength on growth until weeds have starved.
2. Kill unwanted grass on walks and driveways.
3. Increase soil acidity. Use 1/2 cup of vinegar in 1 gallon of tap water for watering plants such as rhododendrons, gardenias, or azaleas.
4. Deter ants. Spray vinegar around doors, appliances, and along other areas where ants are.
5. Polish car chrome. Apply full-strength.
6. Remove skunk odour from a dog. Rub fur with full-strength vinegar and rinse.
7. Keep cats away. Sprinkle vinegar on areas you don't want the cat walking, sleeping, or scratching.
8. Keep dogs from scratching their ears. Use a clean, soft cloth dipped in vinegar diluted with water.
9. Floor cleaner. Mix 1 cup white vinegar with 2 gallons hot water.
10. Freshen wilted vegetables.Soak them in 2 cups of water and a tablespoon of vinegar.
11. Soothe a bee or jellyfish sting. Dot the irritation with vinegar to relieve itching.
12. Relieve sunburn. Lightly rub on white vinegar. You may have to reapply.
13. Condition hair. Add a tablespoon of vinegar to dissolve sticky residue left by shampoo.
14. Relieve dry and itchy skin. Add 2 tablespoons to bath water.
15. Fight dandruff. Mix 2 tablespoons each apple cider vinegar, water and flax or olive oil and massage into scalp, shampooing out after 15-20 minutes.
16. Soothe a sore throat. Pour a teaspoon of apple cider vinegar in a glass of water. Gargle, then swallow.
17. Treat sinus infections and chest colds. Add 1/4 cup or more of vinegar to a vaporizer.
18. Deodorize the kitchen drain. Pour a cup down the drain once a week. Let stand 30 minutes and then flush with cold water.
19. Eliminate onion odours. Rub on your fingers before and after slicing.
20. Clean and disinfect wood cutting boards. Wipe with full-strength vinegar.
21. Remove fruit stains from hands. Rub with vinegar.
22. Cut grease and odour on dishes. Add a tablespoon of vinegar to hot soapy water.
23. Clean a teapot. Boil a mixture of water and vinegar in the teapot. Wipe away the grime.
24. Freshen a lunchbox. Soak a piece of bread in vinegar and let it sit in the lunchbox overnight.
25. Clean the refrigerator. Wash with a solution of equal parts water and vinegar.
26. Unclog a drain. Pour a handful of baking soda down the drain, add 1/2 cup of vinegar, and close with plug for 20 seconds. Rinse with hot water.
27. Clean and deodorize jars. Rinse mayonnaise, peanut butter, and mustard jars with vinegar when empty.
28. Clean the dishwasher. Run a cup of vinegar through the whole cycle once a month to reduce soap build-up on the inner mechanisms and on glassware.
29. Clean stainless steel. Wipe with a vinegar-dampened cloth.
30. Remove stains from pots. Fill the pot with a solution of 3 tablespoons of vinegar to a pint of water. Boil until stain loosens and can be washed away.
31. Clean the microwave. Boil a solution of 1/4 cup vinegar and 1 cup of water in the microwave. Will loosen food particles from microwave walls and deodorize.
32. Dissolve rust from bolts and other metals. Soak in full-strength vinegar.
33. Eliminate cooking smells. Let simmer a small pot of vinegar and water solution.
34. Unclog steam iron. Pour equal amounts of vinegar and water into the iron's water chamber. Turn to steam and leave the iron on for 5 minutes in an upright position. Then unplug and allow to cool. Any loose particles should come out when you empty the water.
35. Clean a scorched iron plate. Heat equal parts vinegar and salt in a small pan. Rub solution on the cooled iron surface to remove dark or burned stains.
36. Remove lint from clothes. Add 1/2 cup of vinegar to the rinse cycle of the washing machine. This also helps to brighten fabric colours.
37. Freshen the washing machine. Pour 1 cup of vinegar in the machine and let it run through a regular cycle (no clothes added). Will dissolve soap residue.
38. Remove tough stains. Gently rub vinegar on the stains before placing in the washing machine.
39. Eliminate smoke odours from clothes. Add 1 cup of vinegar to a bathtub of hot water. Hang clothes above the steam.
40. Remove decals. Brush with a couple of coats of vinegar and allow to soak in before washing off.
41. Clean eyeglasses. Wipe each lens with a drop of vinegar.
42. Freshen cut flowers. Add 2 tablespoons of vinegar and 1 teaspoon of sugar for each litre of water.
43. Extinguish fires. Throw on grease fires to arrest flames.
44. Feel good. A teaspoon of apple cider vinegar in a glass of water, with a bit of sweetener added for flavour, will give you an overall healthy feeling.
Posted by Sharon, March 2007
Facts on HONEY and CINNAMON
Sent in by Vicki, Canada, Feb 2007A mixture of Honey and Cinnamon cures most diseases. Honey is produced in most of the countries of the world. Scientists of today also accept honey as a "Ram Ban" (very effective) medicine for all kinds of diseases. Honey can be used without any side effects for any kind of diseases.
Today's science says that even though honey is sweet, if taken in the right dosage as a medicine, it does not harm diabetic patients.
Weekly World News, a magazine in Canada, on its issue dated 17 January, 1995 has given the following list of diseases that can be cured by Honey and Cinnamon as researched by western scientists:
- HEART DISEASES:
Make a paste of honey and cinnamon powder, apply on bread, instead of jelly and jam and eat it regularly for breakfast. It reduces the cholesterol in the arteries and saves the patient from heart attack.
Also those who already had an attack, if they do this process daily, they are kept miles away from the next attack.
Regular use of the above process relieves loss of breath and strengthens the heart beat. In America and Canada, various nursing homes have treated patients successfully and have found that as you age, the arteries and veins lose their flexibility and get clogged; honey and cinnamon revitalize the arteries and veins.- ARTHRITIS:
Arthritis patients may take daily, morning and night, one cup of hot water with two spoons of honey and one small teaspoon of cinnamon powder.
If taken regularly even chronic arthritis can be cured.
In a recent research conducted at the Copenhagen University, it was found that when the doctors treated their patients with a mixture of one tablespoon Honey and half teaspoon Cinnamon powder before breakfast, they found that within a week, out of the 200 people so treated, practically 73 patients were totally relieved of pain and within a month, mostly all the patients who could not walk or move around because of arthritis started walking without pain.- BLADDER INFECTIONS:
Take two tablespoons of cinnamon powder and one teaspoon of honey in a glass of lukewarm water and drink it. It destroys the germs in the bladder.- TOOTHACHE:
Make a paste of one teaspoon of cinnamon powder and five teaspoons of honey and apply on the aching tooth. This may be applied 3 times a day till the tooth stops aching.- CHOLESTEROL:
Two tablespoons of honey and three teaspoons of Cinnamon Powder mixed in 16 ounces of tea water, given to a cholesterol patient, was found to reduce the level of cholesterol in the blood by 10% within 2 hours.
As mentioned for arthritic patients, if taken 3 times a day, any chronic cholesterol is cured. According to information received in the said journal, pure honey taken with food daily relieves complaints of cholesterol.- COLDS:
Those suffering from common or severe colds should take one tablespoon lukewarm honey with 1/4 spoon cinnamon powder daily for 3 days. This process will cure most chronic cough, cold and clear the sinuses.- UPSET STOMACH:
Honey taken with cinnamon powder cures stomach ache and also clears stomach ulcers from the root.- GAS:
According to the studies done in India & Japan, it is revealed that if honey is taken with cinnamon powder the stomach is relieved of gas.- IMMUNE SYSTEM:
Daily use of honey and cinnamon powder strengthens the immune system and protects the body from bacteria and viral attacks.
Scientists have found that honey has various vitamins and iron in large amounts. Constant use of honey strengthens the white blood corpuscles to fight bacteria and viral diseases.- INDIGESTION:
Cinnamon powder sprinkled on two tablespoons of honey taken before food, relieves acidity and digests the heaviest of meals.- INFLUENZA:
A scientist in Spain has proved that honey contains a natural ingredient which kills the influenza germs and saves the patient from flu.- LONGEVITY:
Tea made with honey and cinnamon powder, when taken regularly, arrests the ravages of old age. Take 4 spoons of honey, 1 spoon of cinnamon powder and 3 cups of water and boil to make like tea. Drink 1/4 cup, 3 to 4 times a day. It keeps the skin fresh and soft and arrests old age. Life spans also increases and even a 100 year old, starts performing the chores of a 20-year-old.- PIMPLES:
Three tablespoons of Honey and one teaspoon of cinnamon powder paste. Apply this paste on the pimples before sleeping and wash it next morning with warm water. If done daily for two weeks, it removes pimples from the root.- SKIN INFECTIONS:
Applying honey and cinnamon powder in equal parts on the affected parts cures eczema, ringworm and all types of skin infections.- WEIGHT LOSS:
Daily in the morning 1/2 hour before breakfast on an empty stomach and at night before sleeping, drink honey and cinnamon powder boiled in one-cup water. If taken regularly it reduces the weight of even the most obese person.
Also, drinking of this mixture regularly does not allow the fat to accumulate in the body even though the person may eat a high calorie diet.- CANCER:
Recent research in Japan and Australia has revealed that advanced cancer of the stomach and bones have been cured successfully. Patients suffering from these kinds of cancer should daily take one tablespoon of honey with one teaspoon of cinnamon powder for one month 3 times a day.- FATIGUE:
Recent studies have shown that the sugar content of honey is more helpful rather than being detrimental to the strength of the body.
Senior citizens, who take honey and cinnamon power in equal parts, are more alert and flexible.
Dr. Milton, who has done research, says that a half tablespoon honey taken in a glass of water and sprinkled with cinnamon powder, taken daily after brushing and in the afternoon at about 3:00 p.m. when the vitality of the body starts to decrease, increases the vitality of the body within a week.- BAD BREATH:
People of South America, first thing in the morning gargle with one teaspoon of honey and cinnamon powder mixed in hot water, so their breath stays fresh throughout the day. (I didn't know that!)- HEARING LOSS:
Daily morning and night honey and cinnamon powder, taken in equal parts restore hearing.
Food Substitution Savvy
Caught mid-recipe without the right ingredient? Use this handy chart to find an ingredient you do have to replace the one you’re missing.
Sweeteners
1 cup molasses = 1 cup honey
Note: flavour will be affected.
1 cup honey = 1 ¼ sugar + 1/3 cup liquid*
1 cup corn syrup = 1 ¼ cups sugar + 1/3 cup liquid*
*Note: If the recipe already calls for a liquid (e.g. water, milk, cream, juice) use the same liquid for the substitution.
Sugar
1 cup sugar = 1 cup firmly packed brown sugar or ¾ cup honey or ½ cup corn syrup
Note: Flavour will be affected. Reduce other liquids in recipe if using honey or corn syrup.
1 cup firmly packed brown sugar = 1 cup granulated sugar plus 2 tablespoons molasses.
Herbs
1 tablespoon fresh herbs = 1 teaspoon dried herbs
1 minced garlic clove = 1/8 teaspoon garlic powder
1 teaspoon garlic salt = 1/8 teaspoon garlic powder + 7/8 teaspoon salt
1 teaspoon dry mustard = 1 tablespoon prepared mustard
Spices
1 teaspoon allspice = ¼ teaspoon ground cinnamon + ½ teaspoon ground cloves + ¼ teaspoon nutmeg
1 teaspoon cinnamon = ½ teaspoon ground allspice or 1 teaspoon ground cardamom
1 teaspoon ground ginger = ½ teaspoon ground mace + ½ teaspoon grated lemon peel
1 teaspoon ground nutmeg = 1 teaspoon ground allspice, 1 teaspoon ground cloves or 1 teaspoon ground mace.
Milk 1 cup buttermilk = 1 tablespoon vinegar + milk to equal 1 cup or 2/3 cup plain yogurt + 1/3 cup milk
1 (14 oz.) can sweetened condensed milk = 1 cup instant nonfat dry milk + 2/3 cup granulated sugar + ½ cup boiling water and 3 tablespoons melted butter
1 cup whole milk = 1 cup skim milk + 2 teaspoons melted butter.
Sour Cream and Yogurt
1 cup sour cream = 1 cup plain yogurt.
1 cup yogurt = 1 cup buttermilk, 1 cup cottage cheese (blended until smooth) or 1 cup sour cream.
Baking Powder
1 teaspoon baking powder = ¼ teaspoon baking soda + ½ teaspoon cream of tartar
Baking Soda
There is no replacement for baking soda
Chocolate
1 2/3 oz. semisweet chocolate = 1 oz unsweetened chocolate plus 4 teaspoon sugar
1 oz (or square) unsweetened chocolate = 3 tablespoons cocoa + 1 tablespoon fat (or lard)
Lemons
1 teaspoon lemon juice = ½ teaspoon vinegar
1 medium lemon = 1-3 tablespoons lemon juice or 1-2 tablespoons grated lemon peel
Butter and shortening
1 cup melted shortening = 1 cup cooking oil
1 cup solid shortening = 1 1/8 cup butter
Note: decrease salt in recipe by ½ teaspoon.
Source Sent in by Sharon Feb 07
Trend-watchers reveal the top food foibles for 2007.
Is watermelon the new pomegranate? Foie gras passé? Like fashion, some foods tend to go in and out of style. (But unlike oversized shoulder pads, a tried-and-true favourite dish need never be discarded.)
Here are some food trends to taste this year, according to culinary trend-watchers.
- Vietnamese food is hot. Vietnamese Cuisine is replacing Asian Fusion as the new hot cuisine. Star ingredients include lemongrass, mint, fish sauce and star anise.
- Basil salad. More chefs are using basil as a green, not just as an herb.
- Cooking from scratch (with a modern twist). Short on time? Forget calling for delivery. Time-pressed foodies prefer home cooking, but with some shortcuts such as using pre-seasoned meats, pre-cut and washed veggies and jarred sauces.
- Go Greek. Foods such as feta cheese, dolmades, baklava and spanakopita are experiencing a big surge in popularity.
- Steak. The current steak craze continues. But now people want a more complete bio of their meat, including where it is from, how long it was aged and details of the animal’s diet.
- Out of Africa. In particular, look for the growing popularity of sweet and savory Ethiopian foods infused with the flavours of cinnamon and cloves. South African cured meat is also perking the interest of some food aficionados.
- Seafood. Despite warnings about the safety of eating certain kinds of seafood, fish remains a popular choice. Favourites include tilapia, mahi-mahi, sturgeon and striped bass.
- Look south for the hottest wines. According to the Associated Press, when it comes to wine, Australia is still hot, (but beginning to fade); New Zealand is getting hotter; South Africa is really hot; and South America is blazing. The really good news: wines from the Southern Hemisphere tend to be affordable. More trends to watch for
- Molecular gastronomy. This trend, which began in Spain, is now becoming popular with some North American chefs. It involves treating ingredients with natural food chemicals such as seaweed extract and other substances that transform their texture and shape. For example, lobster tail may take on the texture of filet mignon, and blue cheese can be spun to look like cotton candy.
- Back-to-the-basics – but with a twist. Traditional meals such as macaroni and cheese and spaghetti and meatballs are becoming more exotically spiced – and also healthier as more cooks substitute lower fat meat and whole grains.
- Slow cooking. Trend-spotters report a return to less expensive cuts of meat which can be slow cooked. Braises and roasts that cook at low heat for hours are the soul of many hearty, homey dishes such as those found in a French bistro. Think stuffed veal breast, lamb riblets and veal or lamb shanks.
- Keep it local. Restaurants have been featuring dishes composed of locally grown ingredients for some time. And now, as more consumers are demanding fresh or locally produced food, big grocery store chains are also picking up on the trend.
Stone Soup
There are many variations on the story of stone soup, but they all involve a traveler coming into a town beset by famine. The inhabitants try to discourage the traveler from staying, fearing he wants them to give him food. They tell him in no uncertain terms that there's no food anywhere to be found. The traveler explains that he doesn't need any food and that, in fact, he was planning to make a soup to share with all of them. The villagers watch suspiciously as he builds a fire and fills a cauldron with water. With great ceremony, he pulls a stone from a bag, dropping the stone into the pot of water. He sniffs the brew extravagantly and exclaims how delicious stone soup is. As the villagers begin to show interest, he mentions how good the soup would be with just a little cabbage in it. A villager brings out a cabbage to share. This episode repeats itself until the soup has cabbage, carrots, onions, and beets-indeed, a substantial soup that feeds everyone in the village.
This story addresses the human tendency to hoard in times of deprivation. When resources are scarce, we pull back and put all of our energy into self-preservation. We isolate ourselves and shut out others. As the story of stone soup reveals, in doing so, we often deprive ourselves and everyone else of a feast. This metaphor plays out beyond the realm of food. We hoard ideas, love, and energy, thinking we will be richer if we keep to them to ourselves, when in truth we make the world, and ourselves, poorer whenever we greedily stockpile our reserves. The traveler was able to see that the villagers were holding back, and he had the genius to draw them out and inspire them to give, thus creating a spread that none of them could have created alone.
Cranberries and Cranberry Sauce
Lots of people wonder what they can do with their leftover cranberry sauce and cranberries after the holidays. So here are some ideas that Sharon came across
More about Cranberries
- Cranberry Sauce doesn’t just have to go with turkey and chicken. It is also great on ham sandwiches;
- used like a jam on toast,
- add some to your plain yoghurt
- use it as a spread on pancakes.
- How about putting the sauce over warm pancakes and sprinkle some dark chocolate and icing sugar over the top.
- You can also add more excitement to your leftover sauce by gently reheating it, adding Grand Marnier and some orange zest and having it over ice cream or add a bit of rum to your sauce and have it over apple pie with a sprinkle of icing sugar.
- As for fresh or frozen cranberries, add some to your smoothies in the morning or chop them fine, add a bit of honey and orange juice to them, and dry them in the oven overnight on low heat.
Making Stock
One of the first lessons of any cooking course is learning how to make stocks. Stocks form the basis of most sauces and soups. A stock is basically the liquid that eventuates from simmering bones and/or meat with vegetables, herbs, & seasonings. Types of stock include beef, veal, chicken, fish, and vegetable. Let's peruse the stock making procedure.
Virtually all stock recipes instruct you to start with bones. Most prefer a mix of actual meat and bones. They find the meat/bone combo to yield a deeper flavour. For a beef stock use cubed chuck steak. Never use tender cuts of meat such as the rib or loin. They do not lend themselves to moist cooking methods and the flavour will be undesirable. For chicken stock use an entire chicken cut up into the standard anatomical pieces. The standard ratio of bones and/or meat to water is eight pounds to six quarts.
Most recipes recommend you roast the bones and vegetables in the oven before placing them in the water. Roasting deepens the flavour and colour of the stock. If your goal is to make a brown sauce from the stock, you'll want to roast first. Even chicken can be roasted first to make a "brown" chicken stock. However, some people like the flavour of a stock made from unroasted meat as well. Try it both ways and select your own favourite.
If you're going to roast, place the bones in a roasting pan, add a little olive oil if you'd like, and roast for a half hour at 375 degrees. Then add the chopped vegetables, (six ounces of tomato paste if making a beef stock), and continue roasting until the vegetables are browned. Place everything in the stockpot, deglaze the pan with some wine and then add that to the stockpot as well. Fish stock is generally not roasted first.
The vegetable mixture used in making stock is the classic mixture, namely carrots, celery & onions. Use eight ounces of onion and four ounces each of carrots and celery for six quarts of water. Also add a few garlic cloves. If you're making a vegetable stock you will need to increase these amounts and/or the number of vegetables. Turnips, leeks, cabbage, and tomatoes are common additions.
Returning to meat based stocks, some chefs advise adding the vegetables one hour before the stock is done cooking. They argue that doing so earlier overcooks them and deteriorates the flavour. If you wish to follow this course of action you will need to roast the vegetables separately while the stock is simmering and then add them during the final hour.
Finally, herbs and seasoning are added, one half hour before the stock is done for the same reason as the vegetables. The traditional bouquet consists of a few sprigs of parsley and thyme, and one or two bay leaves. Also add celery leaves and numerous twists of the pepper mill. (If you are making a spicy Mexican soup you will include either fresh hot peppers with the mixture or crushed dried ones with the herbs.) Do not add salt to the stock. Its natural salinity will increase as it reduces. You can always add salt to the final soup or sauce if need be.
Slowly bring the stock to a boil and then reduce to a simmer. Leave it uncovered for the entire cooking process. The more the stock reduces, the more intense its final flavour. Fish stock is simmered for 30-40 minutes, vegetable for 45 to 60 minutes, chicken for 4-5 hours, and beef or veal for 6-8 hours, (even though 4 hour beef stock still tastes pretty darn good). Skim the stock frequently to remove fat and other impurities that float to the surface. When it's finished strain it through cheesecloth or a fine sieve. If you're not using it immediately, immerse the pot of stock in ice water in your sink before refrigerating. Rapid cooling reduces the chance of bacterial growth. To eliminate as much of the fat as possible you may want to refrigerate it first no matter what you're intended use is. The next day most of the fat will have congealed on the surface, making for easy removal. Save 1-2 cup portions of the stock in plastic containers in the freezer for future sauce making.
Try this sauce with your next meat dish. After you've roasted or sautéed your meat, remove it from the pan. Place the pan over a high flame and pour in a cup of wine. Scrape off all the flavourful brown bits stuck to the bottom of the pan as the wine comes to a boil. (This is what's known as deglazing). Add one cup of stock, a few garlic cloves, herbs, salt and pepper. Simmer the sauce until it's reduced to at least half the original volume. Melt in some butter at the end, strain the sauce, and pour it over your meat for comfort food heaven. For a thicker sauce, you can reduce it even further, or thicken it with flour, corn starch or arrowroot.
For an advanced technique, take about a quart of your finished stock and simmer it until it decreases to a syrupy consistency. You will have an intensely flavoured concoction known as glace de viande. Pour it into ice cube cups and store in your freezer. When making a sauce, drop one of these flavour bombs into it for a depth and complexity of flavour unknown to most mortals.
As stated, stocks form the foundation of many soups. If you are making beef vegetable or chicken soup, shred pieces of the meat you used to make the stock and add them to the soup. However, actual pieces of meat are not included in some soups either by choice or design. In these instances you will discard the stock-making ingredients. It may seem like a waste to throw out the meat but remember, most of its flavour and substance has been infused into the stock. Give the leftover meat to your cat or dog. Never reuse the vegetables from making stock to make soup. They have been completely depleted. Always add fresh vegetables.
Shared by Sharon, Dec 06
Temperature Not Time Is The Key To Cooking
Many recipes furnish an oven temperature and time frame for roasted items. This can be fraught with inaccuracies. Cooking time is influenced by the type, size, and shape of the food, the degree of intended doneness, the initial temperature of the food and the oven, the idiosyncrasies of your particular stove, the presence of other items you are cooking concomitantly, opening the oven door, and the cooking vessel. Not to mention that your actual oven temperature can vary greatly from the dial setting. The solution? An instant read thermometer.
Taking your food's temperature is the only way to assure your item is properly cooked. Insert the thermometer into the centre of the meat and wait for the reading to stabilize. With fowl it is inserted into the deepest part of the thigh since it takes longer to cook than the breast. Do not touch the bone or you risk a false reading.
Remember that food will continue cooking after it has been removed from the heat. This phenomenon, known as carryover cooking, will raise the temperature of the item five to ten degrees depending on it's size and density. The following temperature guidelines take carry over cooking into account and are approximations.
Beef and lamb are rare at 125 degrees, medium rare at 130, medium at 135 to 145 and medium-well beyond 145. For those of you who insist on dry, tough meat, aim for 165 for well done. Fowl is usually cooked to 165. Cuts of fish are usually too thin for the services of a thermometer. But for a large piece, 130-135 degrees will put you in the zone. And that brings us to pork.
A generation ago people were advised to cook their pork well done, usually in excess of 170 degrees. This was to prevent trichinosis, the disease that resulted from an infestation of trichinae, a parasitic roundworm. The first problem with that advice is that trichinae die at 137 degrees. Moreover, modern methods of raising swine have almost eliminated this problem. For example, in 1998 there were only 19 cases of trichinosis reported in the US. So where does that leave us?
For starters, I would allow for a few degrees of inaccuracy on your thermometer and cook pork to at least 140 degrees. Carry over cooking will raise it further. However, some claim that cooking it to 155-160 will develop the best flavour. But now we are confronted with a catch 22.
The higher the temperature of any meat, the drier it will become. Increasing temperature causes the protein strands in the flesh to tighten, progressively releasing their moisture. Due to increased health concerns, lower trichinae infestation is not the only change in modern porcine production. Specialized breeding eventuates in pigs far leaner, significantly less fatty, and hence less juicy than their forefathers. Ergo, temperatures approaching the 160 mark may accent certain flavour components, but with some loss of succulence. You will have to decide for yourself where your loyalty lies.
A final issue remains with instant read thermometers. Your roast has been cooking for a half hour. You open the oven door, insert your thermometer, and arrive at 105 degrees. You promptly remove the thermometer and usher the uncooked food back into the oven. You wait a while and check again. 120 degrees. You're aiming for 130 and no more. When should you check again? You give it ten minutes and poke the poor thing again. 140. You curse as you realize that the rib roast will not be medium rare like your dad likes it. And it was his birthday dinner too.
Every time you open that oven door you drop the temperature and extend cooking time. Worse yet, each time you impale the food with the thermometer you create a little canal that will leak juice and make your finished product drier. The answer is a programmable thermometer. Polder makes a good one that can be procured for about $25 on most cookware websites. If you wish to leave no room for error, and be unshackled from the guesswork of checking your food, a programmable thermometer is the ticket. It consists of a main unit upon which you preset the desired temperature. A wire extends from this unit into a probe. Insert the probe into the centre of your food, close the oven door, and get this: an alarm will sound when you have reached the target temperature. To make this device even handier, the increasing temperature is constantly displayed on the unit. Now you can more accurately judge when to start the side dishes so they can be done simultaneously. Hmmmm, the rack of lamb is ten degrees from being done. Better start sautéing the asparagus! Invest in this wonderful gadget and your days of overcooking your roasts will be as long gone as the succulent pigs of yore.
presented by Sharon
PASTA
Did you happen to notice that bit about cooking the pasta until al dente and wonder what the heck that means, well simply put it is a fancy term for pasta that's fully cooked, but not overly soft. The phrase is Italian for "to the tooth," which comes from testing the pasta's consistency with your teeth. You cook pasta according to the package directions however close to the end of the cooking time nibble the pasta to see if it's firm to the bite, yet cooked through or in other words "al dente"!
Sharon says: 'I have never been a great fan of pasta until fairly recently. My children love it so I thought you might be interested in some trivia about this food item.'
Popular legend has it that Marco Polo introduced pasta to Italy following his exploration of the Far East in the late 13th century; however, we can trace pasta back as far as the fourth century B.C., where an Etruscan tomb showed a group of natives making what appears to be pasta. The Chinese were making a noodle-like food as early as 3000 B.C. And Greek mythology suggests that the Greek God Vulcan invented a device that made strings of dough (the first spaghetti!).
Pasta made its way to the New World through the English, who discovered it while touring Italy. Colonists brought to America the English practice of cooking noodles at least one half hour, then smothering them with cream sauce and cheese. But it was Thomas Jefferson who is credited with bringing the first "maccaroni" machine to America in 1789 when he returned home after serving as ambassador to France.
The first industrial pasta factory in America was built in Brooklyn in 1848 by, of all people, a Frenchman, who spread his spaghetti strands on the roof to dry in the sunshine.
How to Cook Pasta Perfectly Everytime
A.
Remember to prevent pasta from sticking use plenty of water (4-6 quarts for each pound of pasta) and don't overcook it!- Boil 4 to 6 quarts of water for one pound of dry pasta. (You can divide this recipe depending on how much pasta you are cooking.)
- Add the pasta with a stir and return the water to a boil.
- Stir the pasta occasionally during cooking.
- Follow the package directions for cooking times. If the pasta is to be used as part of a dish that requires further cooking, undercook the pasta by 1/3 of the cooking time specified on the package.
- Taste the pasta to determine if it is done. Perfectly cooked pasta should be "al dente," or firm to the bite, yet cooked through.
- Drain pasta immediately and follow the rest of the recipe.
The only time you should rinse pasta after draining is when you are going to use it in a cold dish, or when you are not going to sauce and serve it immediately. In those cases, rinse the pasta under cold water to stop the cooking process, and drain well.
Instead of thinking about all the foods you shouldn’t eat, focus on the ones you should! Here’s a list of the 15 healthiest foods you should be working into your weekly meal plan:
The 15 healthiest foods to eat!
From the Desk of Linda Rhodes
- Salmon is rich in omega-3 fatty acids which are great for your heart. Fish oil can also help aching and arthritic joints.
- Oatmeal is a great source of soluble fiber, which can help control blood sugar and lower cholesterol.
- Nuts are full of antioxidants, fiber, magnesium, vitamin E, potassium, and zinc, and are a good source of healthy fat and a filling, but healthy, snack. They can help lower your risk of cancer and heart disease and protect against type 2 diabetes.
- Pinto beans have 14 grams of protein and fiber per cup, and are also rich in folic acid, which is great for your heart.
- Cauliflower has vitamin C and B, folic acid, fiber, potassium, manganese, and magnesium, and can decrease the risk of cancer.
- Spinach helps keep your body strong, and is rich with nutrients. Not too keen on the taste? Try it with olive oil and garlic.
- Red grapes are rich in flavonoids, which are antioxidants that fight inflammation, heart disease, and cancer.
- Sweet potatoes are packed with beta-carotene, an antioxidant that helps boost your immune system. Vitamin A can also help with eye and skin health.
- Blueberries have tons of antioxidants that can help ward off many chronic illnesses, help with infection, and protect against brain damage after a stroke.
- Strawberries discourage the development of growth in cancer cells and might even help with their self-destruction. They also lower your risk of getting blood clots.
- Soy is a great cancer-fighter and can lower bad cholesterol levels.
- Tomatoes have lots of lycopene, an antioxidant that protects against heart disease, osteoporosis, Alzheimer’s, and many types of cancers.
- Garlic can reduce cholesterol levels and may lower blood pressure and help inhibit dangerous clotting.
- Flax is rich in omega-3 fatty acids and fiber. You can purchase these as seeds, or flour, and incorporate them into many foods like smoothies, yogurt, and cereal.
- Sesame seed have copper, magnesium, zinc, fiber, and protein in them. Eating just a tablespoon a day can lower your cholesterol!
Dealing with Party meal emergencies
The Bird
Got a stubbornly frozen bird on your hands? Place it in a clean sink full of cold water and change the water every 30 minutes. Don't be tempted to thaw at room temperature, in warm water, or in the microwave, all of which are invitations to harmful bacteria. If the turkey breast is cooking faster than the thighs and is beginning overbrown, cover the breast of the turkey lightly with aluminum foil and continue roasting.
Stuffing
If the stuffing you've baked outside the bird in a casserole dish isn't crisp on top when it's done baking, put it under the broiler for a minute or two. You can do the same thing with the stuffing that's been baked inside the turkey; after it's done, just transfer it to a large oiled baking dish. Bake it at 450 degrees F for 10 minutes or so, and then broil it for a minute or two. It will be crisp on top and moist inside.
The Gravy
Gravy looking a little pale and tasting a little flat? Enrich the color and flavor with a few shakes of soy sauce, or add a teaspoon or two of instant coffee powder or unsweetened cocoa powder.
Cranberry Sauce, Vegetables, and Pie
If your gravy has burned, stir in a tablespoon of creamy peanut butter to smooth out the rough edges and soften the smoky taste.
Don't salt your gravy until right before you serve it, as its flavor intensifies as it cooks. If you find that it is too salty, you can fix it a couple different ways: Peel a raw potato and cut it into large chunks and add it to the gravy. Cook it for 5 or 10 minutes then remove the potatoes.
You can stir in 1/2 teaspoon of sugar and 1 teaspoon of vinegar.
If your gravy has separated, whirl it in a blender at low speed until it's smooth. Pour it into a clean pan and cook over very low heat.
If your gravy is too thick and pasty, whisk in a little chicken broth or dry white wine over low heat and cook until bubbly.
Cranberry Sauce
Is your homemade cranberry sauce boiling over no matter how low you turn the heat? Add 1 teaspoon of vegetable oil to the pot for every 12-ounce package of cranberries you're using. And remember, cook cranberries only until they pop. If you cook them any longer, they'll turn bitter and mushy.
Potatoes
If white potatoes that you've peeled and cut ahead of time have started to darken, cook them in milk (don't let the milk boil) to brighten them.
Vegetables
Large, fresh sweet potatoes can be very stringy and fibrous. If you've used a hand-masher and the strings are bothersome to you, use an electric mixer to beat the cooked potatoes. The strings will wind themselves around the beaters and your potatoes will be creamy and smooth.
Lost track of time and overcooked your vegetables? Put them in the food processor with a little butter, cream, fresh-ground pepper, and salt and puree them until smooth. Don't tell a soul that isn't how you intended them to be served in the first place, and no one will be the wiser.
Soups
If your cream-based soup has curdled, strain the soup into a blender jar (fill it only two-thirds full) and blend until it's smooth. Make sure the lid is on tight and that you hold it while wearing an oven mitt. Return it to a clean pan and heat over low heat.
Bread
If a soup seems to have an excessive amount of fat floating in it, add a few lettuce leaves to the pot of finished soup and let it stand a few minutes. Lettuce leaves soak up fat.
Get a little overzealous with the salt? Fix it similarly to the way you fix an oversalted gravy: Peel and thinly slice a raw potato and simmer it in the soup for 10 minutes or so. It will absorb some of the excess salt. Scoop out the slices with a slotted spoon before serving.
If your dinner rolls are a little dried out, wrap them loosely in aluminum foil and heat in a 300 degree F oven for 15 minutes. The last 4 or 5 minutes of reheating, unwrap the rolls slightly so the outside will crisp up just a bit. Serve immediately.
Pie
If your pie dough has too much added liquid and is too wet to roll out, wrap it in plastic wrap and freeze it just until firm (but not hard as a rock) before you roll it out.
If your beautifully fluted pie crust is starting to burn before the pie is done baking, cut the bottom out of a disposable aluminum pie plate that is the same size as the pie you're baking. Turn it upside-down over the pie to cover the edges. The center will continue to bake and the crust won't burn.
If you've overwhipped the cream for the pumpkin pie, simply fold in a few tablespoons of milk or unwhipped cream.