For
centuries world leaders dreamed of the perfect bomb. After decades
of research and experimentation, the perfect bomb was created. It was the
atom bomb. It was only known to work through theory.
The atom bomb was finally tested at Alamogordo, New Mexico, on July 16,
1945. After the first successful test, its existence was released,
but how it worked was still kept a secret.
The
atomic bomb is an explosive nuclear weapon that is fueled by the fusion
of specific isotopes of uranium or plutonium. European scientists
such as Albert Einstein invented the atomic bomb. The atom bomb was
very dangerous. It had the strength of thousands of tons of TNT.
The atom bomb weighed over 9000 pounds. The atom bomb was successfully
dropped on Hiroshima and Nagasaki on August 3, 1945, and on August 6, 1945.
The Japanese surrendered, and the war was ended.
In
this present time, several nations still hold nuclear arms. They
are the U.S., Russia, the U.K., France, China, India, and Pakistan.
South Africa has also admitted to constructing, yet dismantling the bombs
later. Other nations are still suspected of having secret arms.
Although some countries develop atomic bombs, new prototypes are still
being tested. Due to the conquest of power, enough atomic bombs,
small and large, have been developed to destroy the whole earth.
Before
the development of the transistor, electronics developed on the use
of thermionic vacuum tubes, magnetic amplifiers, specialized rotary machinery,
and special capacitors that were used as amplifiers. American physicists
Walter Houser Brattain, John
Bardeen, and William Bradford Shockley of Bell Telephone Companies developed
the transistor. The invention of the transistor led to the 1956 Nobel
Prize in physics. This was a humongous step in electronics.
Even though the transistor was invented a couple decades ago, it is still
in use.
Transistors
are still used in such electronics as computers, phones, radios, and any
other type of electronic device. The circuit was later invented about
a decade after the transistor. As one can see, the transistor has
paved a way for many revolutionary improvements. The transistor will
probably continue to be used into the 21st century and beyond.
Laser
stands for light amplification by stimulated emission of radiation.
Arthur Leonard Schawlow and
Charles Hard Townes, both American
physicists, on their 1958 patent application, outlined the principles of
lasers. The patent was granted, but later the American physicist
and engineer Gordon Gould challenged it. In 1960 Theodore Maiman
observed the first experiment of laser action in a solid ruby. In
1961, Iranian-born American physicist, Ali Javan, developed the helium-neon
gas laser. Then in 1966, American physicist Peter Sorokin, developed
the liquid laser. The construction of the laser was completed.
Lasers
are still used. They are used in such areas as industries, medicine,
communication, scientific research, the military, and in the arts.
It is a very useful instrument, and it will continue to be used for centuries
to come.