THE POETRY PAGE
POETRY & MORE
TYPES OF POEMS:
(Information provided by AOL's Academic Assistance Center and the author as listed following the information.)
(Information provided by AOL's Academic Assistance Center and the author as listed following the information.)
- Concrete Poem - A concrete poem, also called a spacialist poem, is one in which the words of the poem make a picture or design. A poem about an apple that is shaped like an apple would be an example. Sometimes the design of the poem contributes something to its meaning. There was a famous concrete poem about two astronauts who died in an accident; the word astronaut was written vertically and horizontally to form a cross as on a gravestone. The letter "o" was the crossing point of the two words; it is a symbol of eternity. (Prepared by AACEngCam, AAC Staff - Edited by AACTchWho)
- Antiphonal Poetry - Antiphonal poetry dates back to the fifteenth century. It refers to poetry that is to be read responsively. One person or group reads one portion, and another person or group reads the reply. It may be read line by line or verse by verse. Religious in nature, it was generally used with the Biblical Psalms for public worship. It is still used in some churches today, especially Roman Catholic and Episcopal. (Prepared by AACMzLynda, AAC Staff - Edited by LDRS AAC EngSC)
- Bio-Poem - (1)A bio-poem is a formula poem that many teachers like to use to help students introduce themselves. The writer fills in words that finish the line of the poem. Here is the formula:
A Bio-Poem
(2)Bio-poems are a neat way to introduce students to the writing of poetry because the teacher controls the format. Because it is biographical in nature, the kids warm up to it. The teacher supplies the beginning or end of each line (which comprises an individual statement); the kids fill in the blanks. The following is what I use:
Line 1 - Name
Line 2 - Four traits (adjectives)
Line 3 - Related to (family)
Line 4 - Cares deeply about
Line 5 - Who feels
Line 6 - Who needs
Line 7 - Who gives
Line 8 - Who fears
Line 9 - Who would like to see
Line 10 - Resident of
(Prepared by AACInstrJo, AAC Staff - Edited by AACTchrEdi)
_____________(write your name), lover of _____________(what do you love), _____________ years old and _____________(write an adjective describing yourself), who hates _____________, respects _____________ and most fears _____________. I am best friends with _____________ because _____________. In twenty years I want to be a _____________ because _____________ but I don't want to be a _____________ because.
You can have the kids do one about themselves and one about someone else in class. Tailor the teacher input as you see fit. I use it as a basis for going on deeper into poetry. I will have the kids change one of their input statements into a metaphor, hyperbole, and simile on a high school level. I have had them illustrate the poems using their original art, have had other kids interpret their poetry and then illustrate it, or have had students go through magazines and do decoupage. (Prepared by AACDrmaGuy, AAC Staff - Edited by AACDrdoole) - Cavalier Poetry - What were some of the themes of 17th century cavalier poetry? The four themes discussed below are the most common in Cavalier poetry:
Carpe Diem: A classical theme from Latin and Greek literature, the words "carpe diem" mean "seize the day." This theme was very popular and can be found in poems about youth, love, and war. Modern variations of this theme are Nike's "Just Do It!" slogan and the phrase "Go for it!"
Honor and Duty: There were many conflicts during the 17th century, including the English Civil War. Wars were exceptionally grueling and often lasted for years. Due to the lack of medical care of the time, many soldiers died of treatable illnesses and infections. Those taken prisoner often died of infection or malnutrition. Men of the 17th century, particularly the upper class, were often judged by their courage and loyalty during wartime.
Religion: There were two major religions in England during the 17th century, Anglicanism (the Church of England) and Puritanism. The Anglican Church, an offshoot of the Roman Catholic Church, was highly organized and rather elaborate in its rules and regulations. It was also the preferred religion of England's upper class and the monarchy. Puritans existed as sects of people who believed in having a personal relationship with God, free of rules and regulations governing their religious worship. The differences between the two religions led to many hard feelings, and this religious difference is noted as one cause of the English Civil War, a war in which the Anglicans and the Puritans took opposing sides.
New Science: There were many innovations and occurrences during the 17th century: the scientific works of Galileo Galilei; the colonization of the New World; the invention of the printing press; and the widespread publication of the King James Bible (1611). Poets, being or believing themselves to be scholarly men, often made references to these new inventions and other New Science topics in their poems. (Prepared by AACEngLit, AAC Staff - Edited by AACDrAnne) - Cinquain Poem - A cinquain is a poem consisting of stanzas with five lines. Each line has a different number of syllables in this pattern:
2 syllables
Here is an example from John Hollander's "Rhyme's Reason":
4 syllables
6 syllables
8 syllables
2 syllablesCinquains
Have lines of four
Syllables, six, and eight,
Ending, as starting, with a line
Of two;But when
Iambs align
To the trained ear these seem
To form a line of twelve, and then
Often.Cinquains
In English verse
Were devised by a bard
Whose name (alas!) was Adelaide
Crapsey.
(Prepared by AAC Staff - Edited by LDRS AAC EngSC) - Concrete Poem - Concrete poems use the way they look on the page to make a point. Concrete poetry also uses large type or small, funny arrangements on the page, drawings, and so on. It uses imagination and shape, art and wit to make a point. It could be made of words cut from newspapers combined with pictures cut from magazines. There are many different ways to write concrete poems. They can be fun. Some poets who write concrete poetry are George Herbert ("Easter Wings") in the 17th century, and Emmett Williams, Ian Hamilton Finlay, and Russell Edson in our own time. (Prepared by AACDRLit56, AAC Staff - Edited by AACDrAnne)
- Anglo-Saxon Poetry - The first important characteristic of Anglo-Saxon poetry is rhythm. There is a four-beat line caesura marked by a space dividing each line into two parts (hemistiches). Each hemistich contains two stressed syllables. Each line contains four heavily stressed syllables. There is no fixed number or placement of the unaccented ones. Only the stressed syllables are measured. Although the number of unstressed syllables in a line seems accidental, it is not. In reality, there is a complicated set of patterns used. Alliteration binds the lines together. The essential syllable is the third stress. Usually the first and second stress contain the same alliterative sound. The fourth stress is rarely alliterative with the others. Consonantal alliterations must be identical and all vowels must alliterate with all other vowels. (Example Removed)
The second characteristic is the repetition of synonymous words and phrases. Examples of this are the passage above and Biblical poetry, which gives a sense of ritual and incantation.
Third is specialized poetic diction (words uncommon in everyday speech and writing). These are known as kennings, or compound word metaphors, such as ring-giver for the king or whale's road for the sea. Many kennings, such as swan's road, fishes' way, and beaker of waves (all refer to the sea) translate awkwardly into modern English and lose some of their poetic effect.
Fourth is a suggestiveness and allusiveness of the poetry; this is a harder characteristic to recreate. Since the poetry was oral, the poet learned a special poetic vocabulary full of synonyms and kennings for frequently occurring items such as sword, ship, warrior, and battle. This made it easy to patch in material when his memory was not right on target.
The fifth characteristic is use of irony, especially understatement. This characteristic is still common in English poetry today. For example, someone says about Grendel, when he knows Beowulf will best him, "That was not his luckiest day."
Sixth is the use of flyting, which is a mocking word contest between two warriors. (Prepared by AAC Staff - Edited by AACDrAnne)
More Poetry/Poem Types to Come - PLEASE be patient! ~Thank You!
And then, to go to sleep;
When we have passed away, love,
The daisies will be there, love,
A better time will come, love,
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MY FAVORITE POEMS:
The Heart Asks Pleasure First
(Composed 1862 - Published 1890)
by: Emily Dickinson (1830-1886)
The heart asks pleasure first,
And then, excuse from pain;
And then, those little anodynes
That deaden suffering;
And then, if it should be
The will of its Inquisitor,
The liberty to die.Sweet Evenings Come and Go, Love
(Published 1878)
by: George Eliot (1819-1880)
(For those who didn't know, although I don't know how you can call yourself a Poetry Lover/Fan if you didn't know this, George Eliot is a woman, born Mary Ann Evans on November 22, 1819.)
Sweet evenings come and go, love,
They came and went of yore:
This evening of our life, love,
Shall go and come no more.
All things will keep their name;
But yet no life on earth, love,
With ours will be the same.
The stars in heaven will shine:
I shall not feel thy wish, love,
Not thou my hand in thine.
And better souls be born:
I would not be the best, love,
To leave thee now forlorn.
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