Do you know how the computer controls the engine?

Here's the basic's of how the EEC-IV System works. The actual system is very complicated but this is all you need to know to get started.
The air enters the VAM and opens the VAM door. This sends a signal to the EEC that tells it how much air is coming in. The next sensor is the VAT. It is in the VAM and tells the computer how hot the air is. The air goes through the throttle body which is hooked to the TPS. The TPS tells the computer how far you are pushing the gas pedal down. Next the air goes through the intake manifold and on some cars the air is measured again for temperature. Then it goes through the engine and is combined with gas and burns. The computer turns the fuel injectors on and off by taking all the above info plus the engine coolant temperature and the oxygen sensor readings in the exhaust manifold and the barometric pressure sensor reading. The knock sensor sends a signal to the computer if it hears knocking. This will tell the computer to change the other settings so that the knocking doesn't continue. These are all sensors. They measure something.

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The computer runs the engine with actuators. The computer tells them what to do. The actuators are the fuel injectors,idle air controller,egr valve,engine timing,radiator fan switch(some cars) and wastegate controller.

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Thats it. The computer makes calculations based on the sensor signals and then sends out signals to the actuators to adjust how the engine runs.