Apologetics is that aspect of Christian ministry that involves the intelligent communication of Christian truth in the context of unbelief, uncertainty, ignorance, and doubt. Our apologia is intricately related to a number of Christian disciplines (e.g., theology, evangelism) and plays an essential role in our ability to carry out the task of discipling all nations. While our apologetic efforts may take on a number of different forms (e.g., defense, attack, offense), they are, foundationally, biblical and Christocentric.
Christian apologists often fall within one of two camps, presuppositionalism or evidentialism. Presuppositionalism emphasizes the inevitability of human preconceptions and highlights the fact that Christian proclamation involves a presupposed commitment to the Bible. Evidentialism, on the other hand, gives more attention to the various evidences that provide an impetus for Christian faith.
But these two positions are not necessarily irreconcilable. At the foundational level, believers are presuppositionalists in that we begin with Christian commitments. It's not that we don't argue various points with unbelievers; indeed, we should do so vigorously. But never should the authoritative nature of Christian revelation be minimized or treated as less-than binding. Jesus' Lordship is our foundational premise and chief motivation.
A presuppositional stance, however, needn't deter us from utilizing Christian evidences. Even as we seek to uphold and announce the authoritative nature of the Bible, our arguments are directed at the human mind and heart. As such, a sound apologetic must clearly attempt to engage the thoughts and emotions of our hearers, thereby convincing them of the truthfulness of biblical Christianity.
Of course, Christian apologetics should never be detached from the gospel of Jesus Christ. Jesus is to be declared Savior and Lord. Concomitantly, every effort must be made to show the relevance of that which we so confidently announce, as well as the beauty of the One who alone warrants our trust and adoration.
