Jerusalem our beloved holy city. Jerusalem, It was in Jerusalem and from Al-Burak western wall, that prophet Mohammed (Peace Be Upon Him) ascended to hearkens. It was built by the ancient Kananites over 45 centuries ago. "Salem" throughout glorious history was distinguished with its over whelming hospitality, never denying anyone its citizenship. In 1948, Jewish forces, led by Menahem Begin, occupied 62% of Jerusalem except the old city, which was occupied in 1967, as well as the eastern part of the city. Arab and Palestinian fighters did their best to defend their land and people. On April 8th, 1948, Abd El-Qader Hussaini became a myrter, together with thousands of myrters fighting against the fierce British attacks on Jerusalem and the greedy attempts to occupy the land and disperse the residents. Jewish forces, led by Menahem Begin, committed terrible crimes and massacres against villages. The Deir Yassein and Khanyounis massacres are only two examples. The attack continued in different ways to change the structure of 38 villages around Jerusalem alone. Some villages were completely destroyed, or colonized by Jewish settlers. Archaeological and Historical Buildings. Jerusalem is rich in its archaeological and historical buildings, especially Islamic ones. It contains about 100 centers, such as mosques, schools, castles mentioned in historical books, some of which cannot even be seen today. All of these traces of the old civilization were found in Jerusalem, although it was never a political center in Islamic eras. Jerusalem is important for all the Christians churches as well as the Muslims for it has the Church of the Holy Sepulchre. Al-Aqsa Mosque. Al-Aqsa Mosque, located at the southern part of Al-Haram Al-Shareef esplanade, was built between 705-717 A.D by the Ommayyad Caliph Al Waleed Bin Abdul-Malik. In spite of the continuous renovations, that were carried out from time to time, the mosque maintained its genuine Islamic Architecture thus acquiring a universal reputation of uniqueness and beauty. The interior of the mosque consists of seven hallways ornamented with wooden engravings and decorations.