The city of Ugarit experienced a very long history.
The city was
built on the site in the Neolithic period around 6000
BC (modern
Ras Shamra on the Syrian Mediterranean Coast). The oldest
written
evidence of the city is found in some texts from the
nearby city
of Ebla written around 1800 BC. At that time both Ebla
and
Ugarit were under Egyptian hegemony. In the period 1200
- 1180 BC
the city steeply declined and then mysteriously came
to an end.
The prophets of the Old Testament rail against
Baal, Asherah
(Ashtaroth, Judes 2:13) and various other gods on nearly
every page.
The reason for this is simple to understand; the people
of Israel
worshipped these gods along with Yahweh and sometimes
instead
of Yahweh the God of Israel. This Biblical denunciation
of these
Canaanite gods gained new insight when the Ugaritic
texts were
discovered, because at Ugarit these were the very gods
that were
worshipped. Knowing who the bible is speaking of and
railing against
as Baal, gives meaning to the original context of many
misinterpreted
verses assigned to such things as the sin of homosexuality
while
in context is in fact the worship practices to Baal etc.
The Old Testament also celebrates the enthronement
of Yahweh,
as in the Ugaritic myth, the purpose of Yahweh’s enthronement
is to re-enact creation. That is, Yahweh overcomes death
by his
recurring creative acts (and of course later Jesus takes
on this
quality as well, the Eucharist is a form of the word
Ugarit).
The major difference between the Ugaritic myth and the
Biblical
hymns is that Yahweh’s kingship is eternal and uninterrupted
while
Baal’s is interrupted every year by his death (in the
Fall).
Since Baal is the god of fertility the meaning of this
myth is
quite easy to understand. As he dies, so does the vegetation
die;
and when he is reborn so is the world (1 Kings 18:26-27).
Not so
with Yahweh; for since he is always alive he is
always powerful. In
really bad times there is evidence that they would actually
sacrifice
their children to Baal, as Abraham was called to do.
Gen 22:9-10.
Baal and Molech (another form of Baal in
the Baalim religion)
had as their priests the Chemarim, they are the high
holy ones, or
the consecrated ones. Males and females were the temple
prostitutes,
sometimes the men would be dressed as women to make it
easier to
give seed to Baal-Molech to entice Baal to have sex with
his wife,
the money was collected by the Chemarim priests (Sodomites)
and
they were referred to as dogs (pimps) in the bible. Only
the rich
could afford to actually have sex with the Chemarim themselves,
which would be like having a blessing from the Pope himself.
This in no way implied they were homosexuals, they were
doing
their religious duty to receive the seed for Baal and
collect the
money for the upkeep of the temple. It is the same as
Christians
today are no more cannibals for drinking the blood and
eating the
body of Christ, than the Chemarim or the temple prostitutes
were
homosexuals for doing their religious duties, both is
an act
of performing a religious rite, not an act of cannibalism
or
homosexuality.
The rituals performed in Ugaritic
worship involved a great
deal of alcohol, sexual promiscuity and temple prostitution.
Worship at Ugarit was essentially a drunken orgy in which
priests
and worshippers indulged in excessive drinking,
excessive
sexuality and prostitution which paid for the upkeep
of the
temples (in fact, any kind of sex was used to entice
the gods
and since Molech was a calf faced god it was often with
calves).
This was because the worshippers were attempting to entice
Baal to send rain on their crops by Baal having sex with
his wife
to bestow fertility upon the land, animals and people.
Since rain
and semen were seen in the ancient world as the same
thing (as
they both produced fruit), it simply makes sense that
participants
in a fertility religion behaved this way, to entice Baal
to have
sex with his wife Asherah (with Ashtoreth as the common
name,).
This is why in Hebrew religion the priests were forbidden
to partake
of wine while performing any rituals. (Lev 10:8-11, Hos
4:6-19, and
Isa 28:7). Paul put it this way in Corinthians:
1 Cor 6:15 "Know ye not that your bodies are the
members of
Christ? shall I then take the members of Christ, and
make them
the members of an harlot? God forbid.
16 What? know ye not that he which is joined to
an harlot is one
body? for two, saith he, shall be one flesh.
17 But he that is joined unto the Lord is one spirit.
18 Flee fornication (idolatrous whoredom). Every
sin that a man
doeth is without the body; but he that committeth
fornication sinneth
against his own body.
19 What? know ye not that your body is the temple
of the Holy
Ghost which is in you, which ye have of God, and ye are
not your own?
20 For ye are bought with a price: therefore glorify
God in your
body, and in your spirit, which are God's."
And the Old Testament said:
Deu 23:
17 There shall be no whore of the daughters of Israel,
nor a
sodomite of the sons of Israel.
18 Thou shalt not bring the hire of a whore, or the price
of a dog,
into the house of the LORD thy God for any vow: for even
both
these are abomination unto the LORD thy God.
Which is explained by:
Matthew Henry Commentary on the Whole Bible (1706)
Deuteronomy Chapter 23
II. The land of Israel must be no shelter for the
unclean; no
whore, no Sodomite, must be suffered to live among them
(v.17,18),
neither a whore nor a whoremonger. No houses of uncleanness
must
be kept either by men or women. Here is, 1. A good reason
intimated
why there should be no such wickedness tolerated among
them: they
were Israelites. This seems to have an emphasis laid
upon it. For
a daughter of Israel to be a whore, or a son of Israel
a whoremaster,
is to reproach the stock they are come of, the people
they belong
to, and the God they worship. It is bad in any, but worst
in
Israelites, a holy nation, 2 Sam. 13:12.
2. A just mark of displeasure put upon this wickedness,
that the
hire of a whore, that is, the money she gets by her whoring,
and
the price of a dog, that is, of the Sodomite, pimp, or
whoremaster
(so I incline to understand it, for such are called dogs,
Rev. 22:15),
the money he gets by his lewd and villainous practices,
no part
of it shall be brought into the house of the Lord (as
the hire of
prostitutes among the Gentiles was into their temples)
for any
vow. This intimates, (1.) That God would not accept of
any offering
at all from such wicked people; they had nothing to bring
an
offering of but what they got by their wickedness, and
therefore
their sacrifice could not but be an abomination to the
Lord,
Prov. 15:8. (2.) That they should not think, by making
and paying
vows, and bringing offerings to the Lord, to obtain leave
to go on
in this sin, as (it should seem) some that followed that
trade
suggested to themselves, when their offerings were admitted.
Prov. 7:14, 15, This day have I paid my vows, therefore
came I
forth to meet thee. Nothing should be accepted in commutation
of penance. (3.) That we cannot honour God with our substance
unless it be honestly and honourably come by. It must
not only be
considered what we give, but how we got it; God hates
robbery for
burnt-offerings, and uncleanness too.
The separating of the two religions
(Baalim and God) and
their rituals became the guiding force for much of biblical
law.
Where we can see in:
Lev 10:8 "And the LORD spake unto Aaron, saying,
9 Do not drink wine nor strong drink, thou, nor
thy sons with
thee, when ye go into the tabernacle of the congregation,
lest
ye die: it shall be a statute for ever throughout your
generations:
10 And that ye may put difference between holy
and unholy, and
between unclean and clean;
11 And that ye may teach the children of Israel
all the statutes
which the LORD hath spoken unto them by the hand of Moses."
The clean was mostly whatever God wanted
and the unclean was
anything else. Of course this puts light upon Leviticus
18, in
that the "children of Israel" were coming to Canaan (in
the
biblical version), and God said to Moses:
Lev 18:1 "And the LORD spake unto Moses, saying,
2 Speak unto the children of Israel, and say unto
them, I am the
LORD your God.
3 After the doings of the land of Egypt, wherein
ye dwelt, shall
ye not do: and after the doings of the land of Canaan,
whither I
bring you, shall ye not do: neither shall ye walk in
their ordinances.
4 Ye shall do my judgments, and keep mine ordinances,
to walk
therein: I am the LORD your God."
Then comes the description of the sexual rites
to Baal-Molech,
(where Molech who was a calf face god, is another name
of the
Baalim religion, much like Baptist, Protestant and Catholic
are
the same religion but under different names and different
ways to
worship. Seed can be either your children or semen.)
Lev 18:21 "And thou shalt not let any of thy seed pass
through
the fire to Molech, neither shalt thou profane the name
of thy
God: I am the LORD.
22 Thou shalt not lie with mankind, as with womankind:
it is
abomination.
23 Neither shalt thou lie with any beast to defile
thyself
therewith: neither shall any woman stand before a beast
to lie
down thereto: it is confusion.
24 Defile not ye yourselves in any of these things:
for in all
these the nations are defiled which I cast out before
you:"
Lev 19:29 "Do not prostitute thy daughter, to cause her
to be a
whore; lest the land fall to whoredom, and the land become
full
of wickedness.
30 "Ye shall keep my sabbaths, and reverence my
sanctuary:
I am the LORD."
(Deu 23:18 "Thou shalt not bring the hire of a whore,
or the price
of a dog, into the house of the LORD thy God for any
vow: for
even both these are abomination unto the LORD thy God."
1 Cor 6:19 "What? know ye not that your body is
the temple of
the Holy Ghost which is in you, which ye have of
God, and ye
are not your own?")
It is further explained, and as a more intense penalty,
if you
do not fear God's wrath then man will give this punishment:
Lev 20:2 "Again, thou shalt say to the children of Israel,
Whosoever he be of the children of Israel, or of the
strangers
that sojourn in Israel, that giveth any of his seed unto
Molech;
he shall surely be put to death: the people of the land
shall
stone him with stones.
3 And I will set my face against that man, and
will cut him off
from among his people; because he hath given of his seed
unto
Molech, to defile my sanctuary, and to profane my holy
name.
4 And if the people of the land do any ways hide
their eyes from
the man, when he giveth of his seed unto Molech, and
kill him not:
5 Then I will set my face against that man, and
against his
family, and will cut him off, and all that go a whoring
after
him, to commit whoredom with Molech, from among their
people."
Lev 20:13 "If a man also lie with mankind, as he lieth
with a
woman, both of them have committed an abomination: they
shall
surely be put to death; their blood shall be upon them...
15 And if a man lie with a beast, he shall surely
be put to
death: and ye shall slay the beast.
16 And if a woman approach unto any beast, and
lie down thereto,
thou shalt kill the woman, and the beast: they shall
surely be
put to death; their blood shall be upon them."
(1 Cor 6:15 "Know ye not that your bodies are the
members of
Christ? shall I then take the members of Christ, and
make them
the members of an harlot? God forbid.
16 What? know ye not that he which is joined to
an harlot is one
body? for two, saith he, shall be one flesh."
1 Cor 6:19 "What? know ye not that your body is
the temple of
the Holy Ghost which is in you, which ye have of
God, and ye
are not your own?"
Deu 23:18 "Thou shalt not bring the hire of a whore,
or the price
of a dog, into the house of the LORD thy God for any
vow: for
even both these are abomination unto the LORD thy God.")
One can make an exegesis analysis of the words in Leviticus
18
To see more clearly the original context.
Lev 18:21 "And thou shalt not let any of thy seed pass
through
the fire to Molech, neither shalt thou profane the name
of thy
God: I am the LORD.
22 Thou shalt not lie with mankind, as with womankind:
it is
abomination.
The five hebrew words for verse 22 are:
shakab, zakar, mishkab, 'ishshah, tow`ebah
The translation for the words are:
Lie sexually, male of human or animal, bed or lying down,
female of human or animal, and ritual abomination.
The abomination is a ritual one not just detestable,
but is one
used in the telling of an act that is in connection with
a
ritual (as Deu 17:1), as giving seed to Baal-Molech,
and the
male can be a human or an animal. Which actually blurs
the
translation given, in the 81 occurrences of the word,
67 just mean
a male, 7 mean man, 2 for mankind and 4 for child (as
Gen 17:10).
The verse could be equally translated as
Man shalt not lie sexually with female animals in bed
it
is ritual abomination. (or the other way around as the
female
is with a male animal)
23 Neither shalt thou lie with any beast to defile
thyself
therewith: neither shall any woman stand before a beast
to lie
down thereto: it is confusion.
The ten hebrew words for verse 23 are:
nathan, sh@kobeth, b@hemah, tame', 'ishshah, `amad,
paniym,
b@hemah, raba`, tebel
The translation for the words are:
Give or put, copulation, beast-cattle, female of human
or animal,
stand, before or face animal, beast-cattle, lie down
for
copulation, and confusion.
While the translation of the verse is mostly correct
the word
"beast" (b@hemah) refers to cattle, not just any beast
but
cattle. Given the context of worshiping a calf face god
Molech,
it would be more correct to have said calf or bull not
"beast".
The general word for beast or animal is "chay" not b@hemah.
This verse is tied to the worship of Molech, and the
ritual
abomination in verse 22 shows the context is Lev 18:21-24,
which is not telling of homosexuality but of rituals
to
Baal-Molech.
24 Defile not ye yourselves in any of these things:
for in all
these the nations are defiled which I cast out before
you:"
What is being said is this:
Hosea 5:3 "I know Ephraim, and Israel is not hid from
me: for
now, O Ephraim, thou committest whoredom, and Israel
is defiled.
4 They will not frame their doings to turn unto
their God: for
the spirit of whoredoms is in the midst of them, and
they have
not known the LORD.
5 And the pride of Israel doth testify to his face:
therefore
shall Israel and Ephraim fall in their iniquity; Judah
also shall
fall with them."
The conclusion is clear in the context of history and
the
original words used in the bible, that Leviticus 18 and
20
are not about homosexuality they are about ritual sexual
rites to Baal-Molech.
For more analysis see: