NORTH:

 

INDUSTRIALIZATION in:

textiles

iron

machinery

 

Why did the North Industrialize?

 

Workers had become available after the failure of shipbuilding and foreign trade from War of 1812

 

Waterpower from streams and steampower from Appalachian coal were easily available

 

Farming was largely unsuccessful because of the rocky soil in New England

 

Immigrants provided additional labor for factories

 

As America’s banking center, the north had available investment capital

 

South and west were a market for Northern products

 

 

 

SOUTH:

 

PLANTATIONS:

tobacco

sugar

cotton

 

small number of wealthy plantation owners dominated the economy

 

1790 to 1826 Cotton Production increased from 2 million to 330 million pounds per year

 

Why the growth of King Cotton?

 

Cheap , fertile, available land

 

Cotton gin improved efficiency of separating seed from fiber

 

Cotton was simple and ongoing process: it was easy to train slaves to work on it

 

Northern and Engligh factories provided a market for cotton

 

 

 

 

 

WEST:

 

SMALL FARMERS:

wheat

rye

corn, meat

 

small family sized farms

 

Western farms were aided by:

 

Plentiful fertile land

 

Federal government sold this land very cheaply (1825 price was $1.25 per acre)

 

Free men worked hard on their farms to improve their economic status

 

Northern and English cities provided a market for food that was produced on western farms