New England and Middle Colonies

 

Separatists settled in Plymouth Bay Colony 1620

      Mayflower Compact signed: precedent of written law

            and self government

      led by Capt Miles Standish

      fur fish and lumber were original industries

      William Bradford led the colony

      merged with Mass. Bay in1691

 

Moderate Puritans received charter for Mass Bay 1630

      led by John Winthrop to escape persecution at home

      fish and ships: economic base in Mass.

      "City on a Hill" a beacon for all England to imitate

      all adult male Puritans could vote

      town meetings were first form of local govt.

      persecuted Quakers and dissenters (i.e. Anne Hutchinson)

 

Rhode Island: founded by Roger Williams, a dissenter from Salem 1636

      allowed total freedom of religion

      manhood suffrage

      individualistic and independent area

      gained charter in 1644

 

Connecticut: originally a river valley colony

      Hartford founded in 1635

      1639 Fundamental Orders: written Constitution

      1638 New Haven founded by Puritans

      1662 Charles II merged Connecticut River Valley with

            New Hartford

 

New Hampshire: fishing and trading area

      1641: merged with Mass. Bay; 1679 separated by King Charles II

            and made a royal colony

1643: New England Confederation formed (1st inter-colonial  unity)

 

1686 Dominion of New England imposed by king to tighten

      Navigation Acts and defenses collapsed after Glorious

      Revolution

 

1609 Hudson sailed into NY Bay and Hudson River for Dutch

      Dutch West India Company: raiders not traders

      New Netherland planted 1623-4; New Amsterdam was

            run for profit

      no religious toleration, free speech or democracy;         

      developed aristocratic feudalism

      New Amsterdam became a cosmopolitan city

 

1638-55 New Sweden built on Delaware River, defeated by

      Stuyvesant 1655 and absorbed by New Netherlands

      autocratic spirit with large landowner families in power

 

1681 William Penn was granted charter by the king for Quakers

      high immigration (high advertising too)

      fair treatment of Indians

      Philly well planned city

      rep assembly, no state church, free worship, little capital punishment

      some blue laws

 

1664 New Jersey started by 2 proprietors from England  connected to Duke of York

      1702: 2 Jerseys merged into one royal colony

      1703: Delaware was granted its own assembly but

            controlled by Penn governor