Effects of the Civil War

 

Passage of the 13th, 14th and 15th amendments

 

Discrimination against blacks in the south:

     Poll Tax

     Literacy requirements for voting

     Grandfather clause: if your grandfather

           could vote then you were exempt from

           literacy requirement

     Democratic party denied membership to

           blacks; thus guaranteeing exclusion

           (Democratic nomination meant

           victory)

     Jim Crow laws which segregated public

           facilities

 

Freedmen’s Bureau encouraged black

     education and helped create black

     universities:

           Tuskegee Institute led by Booker T.

           Washington

 

 

Supremacy of the Federal Union/ extension

     of Constitutional protections to state laws

 

Expansion of Presidential Power during War

 

Creation of the “Solid South” which tended to

     vote Democrat because of resentment

     toward the Republicans

 

South was physically and economically

     destroyed by the war

 

Creation of Sharecropping: owner of land

     would trade small portion of land to freed

     blacks for a share of the crops derived

     from the land

 

Later the South diversified its crops and

     developed industry “The New South”

 

North entered a period of great industry and

     economic prosperity

 

Republican party controlled the federal

     government as the party of the North

Western farmers also profitted from

     increased demand

 

Homestead Act of 1862 encouraged

     migrations to the West

     (160 acres free to the head of a family that

     cultivated the soil for 5 years)