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Indonesian Statistical Outlook

 

  • Official name: Republik Indonesia (Republic of Indonesia).

  • Form of government: unitary multiparty republic with two legislative houses (House of People's Representatives [480 (1)]; People's Consultative Assembly [980] (2)

  • Head of state and government: President.

  • Capital: Jakarta.

  • Official language: Indonesian (Bahasa Indonesia).

  • Official religion: monotheism.

  • Monetary unit: 1 Indonesian rupiah (Rp) = 100 sen; valuation (Sept. 25, 1998) 1 U.S.$ = Rp 10,850; 1 £ = Rp 18,472.

Demography

  • Population (1998): 202,957,000.

  • Density (1998): persons per sq mi 273.9, persons per sq km 105.7.

  • Urban-rural (1997): urban 37.0%; rural 63.0%.

  • Sex distribution (1990): male 49.88%; female 50.12%.

  • Age breakdown (1990): under 15, 36.5%; 15-29, 28.3%; 30-44, 18.1%; 45-59, 10.7%; 60-74, 5.3%; 75 and over, 1.1%.

  • Population projection: (2000) 209,342,000; (2010) 237,973,000.

  • Ethnolinguistic composition (1990): Javanese 39.4%; Sundanese 15.8%; Indonesian (Malay) 12.1%; Madurese 4.3%; Minang 2.4%; other 26.0%.

  • Religious affiliation (1990): Muslim 87.2%; Christian 9.6%, of which Roman Catholic 3.6%; Hindu 1.8%; Buddhist 1.0%; other 0.4%.

  • Major cities (1990): Jakarta 8,259,266; Surabaya 2,421,016; Bandung 2,026,893.

 

National economy

  • Budget (1997-98). Revenue: RP 88,061,000,000,000 (income tax 33.1%, value-added tax 27.9%, oil and gas revenues 16.9%, non tax revenue 9.6%, excise taxes 5.0%). Expenditures: RP 89,391,000,000,000 (general public services 33.7%, transfers and subsidies 13.1%, debt repayment 8.4%).

  • Public debt (external, outstanding; 1996): U.S.$60,108,000,000.

  • Tourism (1995): receipts U.S.$5,228,000,000; expenditures U.S.$2,172,000,000.

  • Production (metric tons except as noted). Agriculture, forestry, fishing (1996): rice 51,165,000, sugarcane 32,053,000, cassava 16,000,000, maize 8,925,000, palm oil 4,998,000, natural rubber 1,578,000; livestock (number of live animals) 14,323,000 goats, 11,930,000 cattle, 7,684,000 sheep, 3,140,000 buffalo; round wood (1995) 185,895,000 cu m; fish catch (1995) 4,118,000. Mining and quarrying (1996): nickel ore 3,400,000; copper concentrate 1,760,000; bauxite 820,000; gold 83,660 kg. Manufacturing (value added in RP '000,000,000; 1994) (4): textiles 8,055.4; transport equipment 6,796.7; tobacco products 6,194.6; food products 5,293.3; wood products 5,240.0. Energy production (consumption): electricity (kW-hr; 1994) 61,370,000,000 (61,370,000,000); coal (metric tons; 1994) 28,549,000 (3,461,000); crude petroleum (barrels; 1994) 561,265,000 (308,820,000); petroleum products (metric tons; 1994) 44,888,000 (36,428,000); natural gas (cu m; 1994) 59,532,000,000 (23,191,000,000).

  • Gross national product (1996): U.S.$213,384,000,000 (U.S.$1,080 per capita).

  • Population economically active: total (1995): 86,361,300; activity rate 44.3% (participation rates: over age 10, 56.6%; unemployed 7.2%).

  • Household income and expenditure. Average household size (1995) 4.3; income per household: n/a.; sources of income: n/a.

Vital statistics

  • Birth rate per 1,000 population (1997): 22.4 (world avg. 25.0).

  • Death rate per 1,000 population (1997): 7.9 (world avg. 9.3).

  • Natural increase rate per 1,000 population (1997): 14.5 (world avg. 15.7).

  • Total fertility rate (avg. births per childbearing woman; 1997): 2.6.

  • Marriage rate per 1,000 population (1993-94): 7.8 (3).

  • Life expectancy at birth (1997): male 63.0 years; female 66.0 years.

  • Major causes of death (percent distribution, 1986): infectious and parasitic diseases 43.5%; diseases of the respiratory system 21.9%; cardiovascular diseases 9.7%; diseases of the nervous system 6.0%.

 

Foreign trade (5)

  • Imports (1996): U.S.$42,929,000,000 (machinery and transport equipment 40.8%, basic manufactures 15.4%, chemicals 14.0%, mineral fuels 8.5%, crude materials 8.1%). Major import sources: Japan 19.8%; U.S. 11.8%; Germany 7.0%; Singapore 6.7%.

  • Exports (1996): U.S.$49,814,000,000 (crude petroleum 11.5%, natural gas 9.0%, plywood 7.2%, garments 7.2%, processed rubber 4.5%). Major export destinations: Japan 25.9%; U.S. 13.6%; Singapore 9.2%; Netherlands 3.3%.

 

Transport

  • Transport. Railroads (1994): route length 6,583 km; passenger-km (1996) 15,924,000,000; metric ton-km cargo (1996) 3,912,000,000. Roads (1995): length 372,414 km (paved 47%). Vehicles (1995): passenger cars 2,107,299; trucks and buses 2,024,702. Air transport (1995): passenger-km 14,330,000,000; metric ton-km cargo 606,848,000; airports (1996) 81.

Education and health

  • Educational attainment (1990). Percentage of population age 25 and over having: no schooling 34.6%; less than complete primary 28.2%; primary 23.3%; secondary 12.5%; higher 1.4%. Literacy (1995 est.): total population age 15 and over literate 83.8%; males literate 89.6%; females literate 78.0%.

  • Health (1994): physicians 28,989 (1 per 6,570 persons); hospital beds 116,847 (1 per 1,630 persons); infant mortality rate (1997) 51.

  • Food (1995): daily per capita caloric intake 2,732 (vegetable products 95%, animal products 5%); 126% of FAO recommended minimum.

Military

  • Total active duty personnel (1997): 284,000 (army 77.5%, navy 15.1%, air force 7.4%). Military expenditure as percentage of GNP (1995): 1.8% (world 2.8%); per capita expenditure U.S.$18.

Notes

  1. Includes 55 non - elective seats reserved for military
  2. Includes the 480 members of the House of People's Representatives plus 500 other delegates. 

  3. Muslim population only. 

  4. Medium and large manufacturing establishments only. 

  5. Imports and exports are f.o.b. in balance of trade.

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