BETRAYED, DENIED AND REJECTED

Luke 22:47-71

"Wake up!!!" Flickering torchlights casting wildly moving shadows. The clank of armor and sword and shield. The low growl of muttering voices. Heavy shuffling footsteps. Stirred out of a slumbering sleep, the disciples open blurry eyes to find a mob suddenly swarming into the Garden of Gethsemane.

It had been a long night for the disciples. First had come the preparations for the Passover. The hustle and bustle of the crowded Temple. Then the meal in the Upper Room. And for the last few hours, a midnight prayer meeting in the quiet of a deserted garden. And suddenly, they are no longer alone.

 

THE ARREST

The Jewish authorities had long been desirous of putting a stop to Jesus but had to date been prevented by the fact that He was popular with the masses. It was for this reason that they had sought to have Him arrested privately and out of the sight of the crowds.

1. Judas the Betrayer.

While He was still speaking, behold, a multitude came, and the one called Judas, one of the twelve, was preceding them; and he approached Jesus to kiss Him. 48 But Jesus said to him, "Judas, are you betraying the Son of Man with a kiss?" (Luke 22:47-48).

Up to this time, the name of Judas was a royal name. There was a tribe of Judah and it was the kingly tribe. But no one ever names a child "Judas" any longer.

Inferiors kissed the back of their superior’s hand. If they were more than a mere servant, they could kiss the palm. Slaves would often kiss their master’s feet. The hem of the garment could also be kissed. But the kiss on the cheek was a sign of love between equals.

Why a kiss? Why couldn’t Judas have simply pointed or called out Jesus’ name? Instead, he put his lips to the cheek of Jesus and kissed Him. Max Lucado points out that a snake kills with his mouth.

Betrayal. In my dictionary, the word stands immediately before "betroth."

It is a weapon used only by one who was previously trusted. Only a friend can betray. Only one who was a part of your team can mutiny. The word connotes a violation of trust. It indicates an inside job.

Here is the point. Jesus knew what Judas was doing. And He allowed him the kiss. He would not turn away His face from those who spit and slapped. And He did not now turn away from the kiss of the serpent.

Why not? Could it be that, in the midst of this betrayal, Jesus continued to show love and grace toward Judas? That is good, because it means He can show love to me.

2. Disciples and Swinging Swords.

And when those who were around Him saw what was going to happen, they said, "Lord, shall we strike with the sword?" 50 And a certain one of them struck the slave of the high priest and cut off his right ear. 51 But Jesus answered and said, "Stop! No more of this." And He touched his ear and healed him. (Luke 22:49-51).

As the crowd took hold of Jesus, one of the disciples moved into action. He drew his short-sword and charged in. I don’t know whom it was that he intended to hit, but the attack resulted in cutting off the ear of the slave of the high priest.

Luke is silent as to the name of the attacker. Indeed, none of the Synoptic accounts mention his name. It is from John’s Gospel that we learn it was Peter.

Do you see what is happening? The other writers were protecting Peter. They wrote their accounts at a time when Peter was still living and when he could have been charged with assault and battery. The statute of limitations had not yet expired. And so, they keep his name out of the record.

But John writes after the death of Peter. He can no longer be accused or arrested. And so, he tells us his name.

There is a principle here. Am I my brother’s keeper? I certainly am. Everyone who is in the family of God is responsible for everyone else who is in the family of God. When one member of the body hurts, the rest of the body needs to say, "Ouch!"

Luke the physician is careful to tell us that Jesus healed his injured ear. Can you imagine the embarrassment of the high priest in having to pass judgment upon Jesus while this servant is sitting there with his ear still in place? I imagine that this slave was sold or transferred soon after this event.

You can argue about theology and doctrine, but how do you argue with an ear? You can make fun of the five points of Calvinism and you can engage in Christian-bashing, but what do you say about an ear that has been healed?

It is important that we all have one - that we have something in our life that can only be explained in the terms of the supernatural.

The story is told of a man who had been a drunk all of his life. He trusted in Jesus as his Savior and his life was changed and his home was restored. The man was confronted by a skeptic one day who asked him, "Do you mean to say that you believe the Bible is true and that it is the word of God?" The man replied, "Yes, I do."

"You can’t be serious!" the skeptic retorted. "You mean that you believe that Jesus really turned water into wine?"

"I don’t know much about that," replied the man, "but in my house, He turned wine into furniture and love and food."

It is hard to argue when the ear is stuck back on. You can’t turn away from it. You can’t pretend that it isn’t there. When a husband sees the love of Jesus begin to be manifested in his wife, it is a compelling argument for the power of Jesus. When a co-worker begins to live an upright and holy life, it speaks volumes for the reality of God.

What is there in your life that can only be explained in the terms of the supernatural? Go to the Lord and ask Him for an ear. And then you take it and show it to everyone you know.

There were a lot of people that Peter could have gone after with his sword. He could have gone after the soldiers or the guard or one of the VIP’s. But Peter wasn’t stupid. He was a fisherman, not a warrior. And so, he goes after this slave - perhaps the smallest one in the crowd. He will let Jesus and the other disciples handle the rest.

But Peter couldn’t even do that right. He wasn’t aiming for this slave’s ear. He was aiming for his head. He missed.

There is something delightful in the picture of Peter rushing into the crowd with his sword swinging. The crowd comes up to take Jesus. Peter is still rubbing the sleep from his eyes, but he has one of the swords and Jesus is in danger and so, he rushes in. I can hear Jesus saying, "Oh Peter, not again!"

Do your kids draw pictures and you place them on the refrigerator? When Sky was growing up, she never had an artistic bone in her body. When she drew a picture, I always had to ask, "What is it?" But Paula would always take it and say, "Isn’t it wonderful!" and tape it to the refrigerator. Paula is a tremendous artist and she knew better, so I don’t know why she would say that. No, that’s not right. I know why she did it. And I like to think that God has a giant refrigerator in heaven. And one of the pictures that He has on it is Peter and his sword.

Peter was loyal to Jesus. His heart was in the right place, even if his aim was off and he thought that he could achieve a right result with a wrong method.

There are a lot of church ministries that need to learn this lesson. There are a lot of Christian leaders who think that they can achieve the work of Christ through manipulation. They need to learn the lesson that Peter learned that night - you don’t use a wrong method, even to achieve a right result.

3. The Challenge of Jesus.

And Jesus said to the chief priests and officers of the temple and elders who had come against Him, "Have you come out with swords and clubs as against a robber? 53 While I was with you daily in the temple, you did not lay hands on Me; but this hour and the power of darkness are yours." (Luke 22:52-53).

Jesus calmly faces his enemies. He questions their motives and their fearfulness. If He had truly been a wrong-doer, they had ample opportunity to arrest Him when He was preaching in the temple. But they did not. They tried instead to blanket their actions under the cover of darkness.

A single soldier would have been enough, for Jesus was to offer no resistance. On the other hand, if Jesus had meant to resist this arrest, all of the armies of the world would not have been enough. Indeed, the armies of Rome were powerless to stop the spread of the church. It wasn’t that they didn’t try. But all of the legions and all of the emperors of Rome and even the very gates of hell itself could not withstand the growth of the church of God.

Why did such a large crowd come to arrest Jesus? Perhaps they remembered that Jesus had single-handedly cleared out the temple. He was not some wimp in a Renaissance painting. He was a bold preacher who spoke with authority and His enemies were afraid of Him.

Another reason that so many men were utilized was because they suspected that He was capable of performing real miracles. It had been reported that He could give sight to the blind and hearing to the deaf. He had raised a cripple and had cast out demons with a word. They recognized real power and they were awed by it.

 

THE DENIAL

And having arrested Him, they led Him away, and brought Him to the house of the high priest; but Peter was following at a distance. (Luke 22:54).

There were actually several trials which Jesus was forced to endure. In comparing all four gospel accounts, it has been suggested that there are as many as six distinct trials. They are distinctly divided into two separate groups.

The Religious Trials

The Civic Trials

Annas presiding (John 18:12-13)

First Trial before Pilate (Luke 23:1-2)

Caiaphas presiding (Matthew 26:57-66)

Herod Antipas presiding (Luke 23:6-11)

The entire Sanhedrin (Luke 22:66-71)

Second Trial before Pilate (Luke 23:11-25)

Luke’s account merges the first two of the religious trials into a single group. There is a reason for this. Although Annas and Caiaphas were two separate people, they were not working at cross purposes. Indeed, they were related. Caiaphas was the son-in-law of Annas.

Jewish tradition mandated that the office of high priest was to be held for life. But the Romans did not like the kind of power this might leave in the hands of a single individual, so they insisted that the office be turned over to a new candidate on a regular basis. Annas was the legal high priest. But the Romans had insisted he step down. He had done so, but he had done it in a way that left him as the power behind the position. He had arranged for one and then another of his sons to hold the position of high priest after him. When he ran out of sons, he turned to his son-in-law. That is where Caiaphas came in. He was the son-in-law of Annas.

Archaeologists tells us that the House of the High Priest was likely located in the Upper City, the newer and wealthier section of the city located to the west of the Temple Mount.

1. The First Denial.

And after they had kindled a fire in the middle of the courtyard and had sat down together, Peter was sitting among them.

And a certain servant-girl, seeing him as he sat in the firelight, and looking intently at him, said, "This man was with Him too." 57 But he denied it, saying, "Woman, I do not know Him." (Luke 22:55-57).

Out of the night, a voice of recognition. "I remember you! You were with Jesus." Startled by the suddenness of the question and all too aware of how the trial is proceeding, Peter denies his involvement with Jesus.

What happened? Peter had gone willingly into the courtyard of Jesus’ enemies. He was in the lions den. The rest of the disciples are not mentioned. They were apparently away hiding. But Peter was on the front lines. He was ready to fight and to die for Jesus. He was ready to take on an entire band of temple guards. But he wasn’t ready to handle this servant-girl.

Isn’t that so often the way it is with us? We are ready to withstand the charge of the elephant, but instead we are brought down by the attack of the mosquito. It isn’t the big things that defeat us - it is usually the little things.

Why? Because we are ready to trust God for the big things. But we get to thinking that we can handle the little things ourselves. And that is where we fail.

2. The Second Denial.

And a little later, another saw him and said, "You are one of them too!" But Peter said, "Man, I am not!" (Luke 22:58).

Another person comes by and makes the same observation as the first had done. While the first person had been a lowly servant girls, this one is a man. Peter may have steeled himself to be ready to answer back to the servant girl, but now the test has changed and again Peter denies.

3. The Third Denial.

And after about an hour had passed, another man began to insist, saying, "Certainly this man also was with Him, for he is a Galilean too." 60 But Peter said, "Man, I do not know what you are talking about." And immediately, while he was still speaking, a cock crowed.

And the Lord turned and looked at Peter. And Peter remembered the word of the Lord, how He had told him, "Before a cock crows today, you will deny Me three times." 62 And he went out and wept bitterly. (Luke 22:59-62).

Now the seed of recognition has been placed so that another of the bystanders soon speaks up. Peter’s Galilean accent is giving him away. Again Peter denies. He says, "I don’t even know what you are talking about!"

No sooner has he said this then he hears the echoing notes of the cock crowing. As the echos of that signal pass through the flickering shadows, Jesus turns and looks across the courtyard to see Peter. And Peter sees Jesus looking at him. The words of Jesus come back to him and he realizes that he has unwittingly fulfilled them.

Peter went out and wept. And in those tears, there is hope. It is the hope of repentance. How do I know that Peter repented? It is his life after the resurrection. It will be seen when he stands before that same high priest and declares his faith in the risen Christ.

There was not much difference between the denial of Peter and the betrayal of Judas. But there was this one difference - the tears of Peter. They were tears of repentance. And that made all the difference in the world.

There is hope here for you. Have you sinned? Do your sins weigh down upon you? Do you ever wonder if you have passed the point of forgiveness?

I have some good news. It is that God is a forgiving God. He forgave Peter. And He can forgive you, too.

Did you ever stop to think where Luke got the story of Peter’s denial? Ultimately he got it from Peter! Peter used this shameful story to tell men of the forgiveness of Christ and the message of hope that is found in him.

 

THE MOCKERY

And the men who were holding Jesus in custody were mocking Him, and beating Him, 64 and they blindfolded Him and were asking Him, saying, "Prophesy, who is the one who hit You?" 65 And they were saying many other things against Him, blaspheming. (Romans 22:63-65).

These were not Roman soldiers who were mocking and beating Jesus. These were Jews. They took their orders from Caiaphas, the high priest. In calling for Jesus to prophesy, they are inadvertently blaspheming the Lord. There is more than a touch of irony here as those who are spiritually blinded place a blindfold on the One who is the light of the world.

 

THE TRIAL BEFORE THE COUNCIL

And when it was day, the Council of elders of the people assembled, both chief priests and scribes, and they led Him away to their council chamber, saying, 67 "If You are the Christ, tell us." But He said to them, "If I tell you, you will not believe; 68 and if I ask a question, you will not answer. 69 But from now on the Son of Man will be seated at the right hand of the power of God."

And they all said, "Are You the Son of God, then?" And He said to them, "Yes, I am." 71 And they said, "What further need do we have of testimony? For we have heard it ourselves from His own mouth." (Luke 22:66-71).

Jewish Law forbade the Sanhedrin to meet at night. Therefore any and all examination of Jesus that had taken place during the night was necessarily of an informal nature. At daybreak the Elders were summoned together for an official examination.

Verse 66 says that they led Him away to their council chamber -- literally, to their Sanhedrin. The word translated "council chamber" is - Sanhedrin. The word means "sitting together." There were many sanhedrins - local courts of law which judged matters both religious as well as civil. But there was only one Great Sanhedrin.

The Great Sanhedrin was composed of 70 elder/judges, going back to the days in the wilderness when Moses had chosen 70 judges to judge the nation of Israel. They were the supreme court of Israel. To this day, the supreme court of Israel is still known as the Sanhedrin.

24 members were chief priests.

24 members were elders.

23 members were scribes.

The high priest served as the president of the court.

He was the 71st member (he was one of the 24 chief priests).

They would sit in a semi-circle around the prisoner.

Across the room would sit the students of the Rabbis.

They were permitted to speak on behalf of the accused, but not against him.

They bring Jesus to their place of assembly. This was a building known as the House of Unhewn Stone. There were several irregularities about this trial that were recorded by Luke:

  1. There were to be no trials held during any of the great feasts. This trial was held on the eve of the Passover.
  2. The Sanhedrin was prohibited by law from reaching a verdict on the same day that the trial was held if that verdict were to result in death. This was to give the court a chance to change its mind in favor of mercy. Here the verdict is passed immediately at the end of this farcical trial.
  3. When evidence was taken, the witnesses were to be examined separately and for their evidence to be considered valid it must agree in every detail. The presence of false witnesses would nullify the case. In this case, there is no mention of individual examination and even with obvious collusion, the witnesses never did agree as to all of the details. Furthermore, the penalty for being a false witness was the punishment which would have been meted out to the accused (Deuteronomy 19:16-19). Luke does not mention the presence of any witnesses. The reason he does not do so is that their testimony would have been summarily dismissed because the testimony of the various witnesses conflicted.
  4. The accused was not required to testify against himself, but as we shall see, the Court insisted that Jesus answer and then passed sentence solely upon the basis of His testimony.

Each member of the Sanhedrin was to give his verdict separately, beginning with the youngest and going to the eldest so that there would be no "peer pressure."

Two questions are put to Jesus. The first question is seen in verse 67: Are you the Christ? Specifically, they ask, "If you are the Christ, then tell us." The question is given in the first class condition which is the condition of reality. "Assuming that you are the Christ, then tell us."

The word "Christ" is merely the Hellenized form of the Hebrew term "Messiah." It describes the anointed one of God who was promised from Old Testament times.

The very fact that the Sanhedrin asks this questions is amazing. Jesus had never announced Himself to be the Messiah. He did not go around calling Himself the Son of God. When demons called Him by such a title He ordered them to be silent. When His disciples came to the conclusion that He was the Christ, the Son of God, He told them to keep this message to themselves and to tell no man. The fact that the high priest asks whether Jesus is the Christ, the Son of God, indicates that he came up with this idea ON HIS OWN! He looked at Jesus and he looked at what the Scriptures said concerning the promised Messiah and he recognized them to be the same and he asked whether this was the case.

Jesus refuses to answer the question directly. Why? "If I tell you, you will not believe" (22:67). Jesus stops giving truth to those who do not want truth. At the same time, He announces that the Son of Man will be seated at the right hand of the power of God."

The meaning of Jesus’ words would not have been lost on the high priest or to anyone else who was present that night. Jesus was referring to a passage from Daniel.

"I kept looking in the night visions,

And behold, with the clouds of heaven

One like a Son of Man was coming,

And He came up to the Ancient of Days

And was presented before Him.

And to Him was given dominion,

Glory and a kingdom,

That all the peoples, nations, and men of every language

Might serve Him.

His dominion is an everlasting dominion

Which will not pass away;

And His kingdom is one

Which will not be destroyed." (Daniel 7:13-14).

Do you see what Jesus is saying? The Sanhedrin is trying to judge Jesus. But there will come a day when Jesus will judge both the Sanhedrin and all the nation and all the world.

This court is going through these trial proceedings because they do not have the power himself to put Jesus to death. They will take their findings to Pilate, the Roman governor. But Jesus will be given dominion over all the kingdoms of the world, including Rome.

This brings the court to the second question: "Are You the Son of God, then?" There was evidently in the mind of the Jewish court a connection between the Son of Man who was seated at the right hand of God versus being the Son of God.

The Son of Man seated at the right hand of the power of God

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The Son of God

And He said to them, "Yes, I am." The Greek text literally reads, "You are saying that I am." Commentaries tell us that this is merely a figure of speech that is employed by Jesus as He replies in the affirmative. But I think it is more than that. Jesus is pointing out that the Supreme Court of Israel is the one who has publicly proclaimed Him to be the Messiah and the Son of God.

This is the charge against Him and this is the charge for which He will be crucified. He is charged with being the Messiah, the Son of Man and the Son of God.

 

 


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