The reaction of a carbonate with an acid is an example of a common chemical reaction. The reaction of sodium hydrogen carbonate, NaHCO3 with hydrochloric acid, HCl, is a convenient reaction to use in studying relationships in chemical equations. It is convenient because the reaction is fairly rapid and produces three products. One is a gas CO2, another vaporizes at a relatively low temperature, H2O, and sodium chloride, NaCl (more commonly known as ‘salt.’)

OBJECTIVES:
· To observe the reaction between hydrochloric acid and sodium hydrogen carbonate.
· To calculate the number of mole of sodium hydrogen carbonate reacting and to relate that value to the number of moles and grams of sodium chloride that are produced in the reaction.
· To calculate the moles and volume of hydrochloric acid used in the reaction.
· To calculate percent yield

PROCEDURE:
· Label a 100 ml beaker, identifying it with your name. Be sure it is clean and dry.
· Record the mass of the dry beaker.
· Place 1.5 to 2 grams of sodium hydrogen carbonate in the beaker. Find the mass of the beaker and contents and record it to the nearest .01 gram.
· Calculate the volume of 2 M HCl necessary to react with your sample of NaHCO3. Using a pipet, lowly add the acid to the beaker containing the sodium hydrogen carbonate. It is important that you add the acid lowly so that the reaction does not splatter. Add a little more acid to ensure the reaction is complete. The bubbling will have stopped.
· Warm the beaker over low heat until all liquid has evaporated. Be sure not to loose any product.
· Allow beaker to cool.
· Mass the beaker and it’s contents.

DATA:
Write a balanced equation for the reaction.
Data table:
mass of beaker
mass of beaker and NaHCO3
mass of beaker and salt

CALCULATIONS: (Show all work to get credit)
· mass of NaHCO3
· moles of NaHCO3
· volume of 2M HCl necessary to react with your amount of NaHCO3
· theoretical yield of NaCl that can be produced from the amount of NaHCO3 used. (moles and grams)
· % yield

CONCLUSIONS
Did you address your objectives?   What are some possible sources of error?  What is the importance of a balanced equation/ How could you use the equation to tell what happened?