C.B.Latin Grammar
Cora Carroll Scanlon A.M.
Charles L. Scanlon A.M.
Answer key (c) Joseph Oliveri
Kindly send any corrections to joseph.oliveri "at" thomson.com
or mjo110306 "at" gmail.com
Many thanks to Dr. Chet Creider of the University of Western Ontario
for the proofreading and suggestions.
Lesson X
Unit One
C.
- Ne intret homo impius.
Let not the wicked man enter.
May the wicked man not enter.
- Dicta sua nuntiata sunt, ut audiamus.
His / Her / Their words were proclaimed so that we might hear.
- Ne absint servi dum dominus in civitate est.
Let not the servants be absent while their master is in the city.
May the servants not be absent while their master is in the city.
- Verba deleantur, ne mater tua videat.
Let the words be blotted out, lest your mother sees [them].
May the words be blotted out so that your mother may not see [them].
- Quare virgines non mones, ne in aquam cadant?
Why do you not warn the maidens, lest they should fall into the water?
Why aren't you warning the girls so that they won't fall into the water?
- Non dico, ne judicer.
I say not, lest I be judged.
I am not saying, so that I may not be judged.
- Vocant, ut eos expectetis.
They call / are calling so that you might wait for them.
(Note: expectare is listed in the vocabulary as if it retained the Classical spelling: exspectare.)- Ne judicetur suis verbis malis, sed operibus bonis.
May he not be judged by his evil words, but by his good works.
- Deprecationes mundi ad caelum ascendant, ut Deus pacem ad plebem suam mittat.
May the prayers of the world ascend to heaven so that God might send peace to His people.
(Take care not to confuse mundus, -i, "the world," with the adj. mundus/-a/-um, "clean, pure." In this sentence, mundi cannot modify deprecationes because nouns ending in -tio are grammatically feminine; therefore, only one translation is possible. "Pure prayers" would be deprecationes mundae.)
- In domum introeunt, ut manducent et dormiant.
They are going into the house so that they might eat and sleep.
They enter the house in order that they might eat and sleep.
- Aquam mihi dant ad manus meas lavandas.
They give / are giving me water in order that I might wash my hands.
- Venit calicis tollendi causa.
He is coming to take [away] the chalice.
- Sedeamus cum matre nostra.
Let us sit with our mother.
- Veniant, ut nos doceant veritatem.
May they come, so that they might teach us the truth.
- Ne moveatur crux.
May the cross not be moved.
- Discipuli studiosi sunt, ut laudentur.
The students are studious so that they may be praised.
- Homines fortes adjutorium adducunt, ut civitas salvetur.
Strong / Courageous men are bringing help so that the city may be saved.
- Introimus in ecclesiam ad dicta ejus audienda.
We are going into the church so that we may hear what he has to say. (lit., "... so that his words may be heard.")
- Nos vocat qui ostendat nobis libros novos.
He calls us so that he might show us [his] new books.
- Sedet cogitationis scribendae causa.
He will sit in order to write down his thought.
- Dic eis veritatem, ut credant in te.
Tell them the truth, so that they may believe [in] you.
- Dirigat nos ad montem.
May he direct us to the mountain.
Let him direct us to the mountain.
- A peccatis suis solvantur.
May they be released from their sins.
May they be absolved of their sins.
- Labia pars oris sunt.
The lips are part of the mouth.
- Ne stent in ostio.
Let them not stand in the doorway.
- Evangelia hominibus iniquis nuntiata sunt, sed non audiverunt.
The Gospels have been proclaimed to unjust men, but they haven't listened.
The Gospels were proclaimed to unjust men, but they didn't listen.
- Introeant iterum in domum ne ab inimicis videantur.
Let them go again into their house so that they may not be seen by their enemies.
Let them go again into their house lest they be seen by their enemies.
- Deleantur verba nostra mala et opera nostra iniqua.
May our evil words and unjust deeds be blotted out.
- Salvi sint filii, etiam virgines.
May the children be safe and sound, and the maidens also.
- Nos dirigamus Romam, dixerunt.
Let us direct ourselves to Rome, they said.
- Hic sumus ut gentibus dicta sancta Evangelii nuntiemus.
We are here so that we may proclaim the holy words of the Gospel to the nations.
- Militia inimici ad gentes bonas malum magnum adduxit.
The malice of the enemy brought great evil to the good nations.
The enemy's malice has visited a terrible evil upon the brave nations. (fig.)
- Valeant opera sua.
May his / her / their deeds prevail.
(The exact rendering of valeant would depend on the context. Note also the use of the adjective sua. Typically, suus/sua/suum is used in reported speech, where eius (his, her) refers only to the speaker -- i.e., the one doing the reporting. Example: Dicit opera sua valere, "He says that his/her (another person's, not the speaker's) deeds prevail." Contrast with Dicit opera eius valere, "He says that his (own) deeds prevail.")
- Libertatem tribuamus servis bonis et fortibus.
Let us grant the good and strong servants [their] liberty.
("Good and strong" = "noble and valiant," etc. Context usually provides the best translation; your Latin dictionary is another guide.)
- Credant servi pauperes in verba domini sui.
May the poor servants believe / trust the words of their lord.
D.
- Perducat te ad vitam aeternam.
May he bring / lead you to eternal life.
- Indulgentiam, absolutionem et remissionem peccatorum nostrorum, tribuat nobis omnipotens at misericors Dominus.
May the almighty and merciful Lord grant us pardon, absolution and remission of our sins.
- Oremus.
Let us pray.
- Munda cor meum ac labia mea, omnipotens Deus, qui labia Isaiae prophetae mundasti.
Cleanse my heart and my lips, Almighty God, thou who didst cleanse the lips of the prophet Isaiah.
- Ut sanctum Evangelium tuum digne valeam nuntiare.
So that / in order that I might be able to proclaim Thy Holy Gospel worthily.
- Dominus sit in corde meo et in labiis meis, ut digne et competenter annuntiem Evangelium suum.
May the Lord be in my heart and upon my lips, so that I might proclaim His Gospel worthily and competently.
- Sequentia sancti Evangelii secundum Lucam.
The continuation of the Holy Gospel according to Luke.
- Laus tibi, Christe.
Praise [be] to You, Christ.
- Per evangelica dicta deleantur nostra delicta.
May our crimes be blotted out through the words of the Gospel.
- Credo in unum Deum.
I believe in one God.
- Deum verum de Deo vero.
True God from true God.
- Deo meo vivo et vero.
My God, living and true.
My living and true God.
- Ut in conspectu divinae majestatis tuae ascendat.
So that it may ascend in the sight of Thy divine majesty.
- Incensum ascendat ad te.
May the incense ascend to Thee.
- Et descendat super nos misericordia tua.
And may Thy mercy descend upon us.
- Dirigatur, Domine, oratio mea, sicut incensum in conspectu tuo.
Let my prayer, O Lord, be directed as incense in Thy sight.
- Pone, Domine, custodiam ori meo, et ostium circumstantiae labiis meis.
Set a watch, O Lord, before my mouth, and a door round about my lips. (standard translation)
Set a watch, O Lord, at my mouth, and a door of fortification at my lips. (more literal) (The dative ori meo and labiis meis would suggest dative of use or benefit. Just bear this in mind when checking your translation. The "round about my lips" found in the standard Missal translation is actually a little tricky in that the "round about" isn't in text, strictly speaking. Circumstantia typically means either "fortification" or "circumstances" (lit., "things standing-around," neuter plural) in ecclesiastical Latin. While it is obvious that the word's circum + stare root would suggest a "round about" idea, at this stage you should try to avoid the habit of supplying words unecessarily when a more literal translation will do.)
- Ut non declinet cor meum in verba malitiae, ad excusandas excusationes in peccatis.
So that my heart might not turn aside / digress / deviate into words of malice in order to make excuses for (my) sins.
(Ad excusandas excusationes, "to seek excuses," is an idiomatic phrase.)
- Ut audiam.
So that I may hear.
(Be careful not to confuse audire, "to hear," and its forms, with audere, "to dare." Also, audiam by itself could be either future or it could be present subjunctive; but ut audiam is clearly subjunctive.)
- Gratias agamus Domino Deo nostro.
Let us give thanks to the Lord our God.
- Sursum corda.
Lift up your hearts. (idiom)
Hearts upward. (lit.)
(Similar idioms exist in English: e.g., "Eyes front," "feet together," etc.)
- Vere dignum et justum est, aequum et salutare, nos tibi semper gratias agere.
Truly it is meet and just, right and salutary, that we always give You thanks.
(Note: Nos (accusative) + agere (infinitive). This is the typical syntax for oblique or reported speech, etc., which is introduced by "that" in English. In some places you will find the conjunction "that" -- quod, or quia -- followed by a standard indicative phrase; but this is less common. Compare: Dicit eam ludere, "He says [that] she is playing"; Dicit quod ea ludit, "He says that she is playing.")
- Ac beata Seraphim.
And the blessed Seraphim.
(Seraphim is a Latinized Hebraic word. Even though it is the plural of Seraph, it is considered a collective noun like grex (flock), populus (people), or gens (nation) -- hence, beata, singular.)
- Confessione dicentes.
Saying in / with / by means of praise.
- Benedictus qui venit in nomine Domini.
Blessed [is He] Who comes in the Name of the Lord.
- Hosanna in excelsis.
Hosanna in the highest.
- Uti accepta habeas, et benedicas.
That You may consider acceptable / worthy, and [may] bless.
- Qui nos praecesserunt.
[Those] who have gone before us.
- Ut indulgeas.
So that you might grant.
(This phrase could also mean, "So that you might forgive," but the latter is not the meaning found in the Commemoration of the Dead / Memento etiam, where the phrase occurs.)
- Creas, sanctificas, vivificas, benedicis, et praestas nobis.
You create, sanctify, quicken, bless and give unto us.
- Praeceptis salutaribus moniti.
Instructed by [Thy] saving precepts.
- Sanctificetur nomen tuum.
Hallowed be Thy Name. (traditional rendering)
May Your Name be sanctified / hallowed.
- Adveniat regnum tuum.
Thy kingdom come. (traditional)
May Your kingdom come / arrive.
- Sed libera nos a malo.
But deliver us from evil.
- Da propitius pacem in diebus nostris.
Mercifully grant [us] peace in our days.
- Per omnia saecula saeculorum.
World without end. (traditional)
Through all ages of ages. (literal)
- Pax Domini sit semper vobiscum.
May the peace of the Lord be with you always.
The peace of the Lord be always with you.
- Agnus Dei, qui tollis peccata mundi, dona nobis pacem.
Lamb of God, Who takest away the sins of the world, grant us peace.
(Note: tollis, not tollit -- i.e., second person, not third.)
- Domine Jesu Christe, qui dixisti apostolis tuis.
O Lord Jesus Christ, Who didst say to Thy Apostles.
Lord Jesus Christ, [You] Who said to Your Apostles.
- Secundum voluntatem tuam.
According to Thy will.
Unit Two
A.
Present active subjunctive: clamare posse introire clamem clamemus possim possimus introeam introeamus clames clametis possis possitis introeas introeatis clamet clament possit possint introeat introeant Present passive subjunctive: audire credere habere audiar audiamur credar credamur habear habeamur audiaris audiamini credaris credamini habearis habeamini audiatur audiantur credatur credantur habeatur habeantur
Perfect Active Indicative solvere sumere tribuere solvi solvimus sumpsi sumpsimus tribui tribuimus solvisti solvistis sumpsisti sumpsistis tribuisti tribuistis solvit solverunt sumpsit sumpserunt tribuit tribuerunt Perfect Passive Indicative delere dirigere deletus sum deleti sumus directus sum directi sumus deletus es deleti estis directus es directi estis deletus est deleti sunt directus est directi sunt