Latin Grammar

Cora Carroll Scanlon A.M.
Charles L. Scanlon A.M.

Answer key (c) Joseph Oliveri

Kindly send any corrections to joseph.oliveri "at" thomson.com, or
mjo110306 "at" gmail.com

Many thanks to Dr. Chet Creider of the University of Western Ontario
for the proofreading and suggestions.

Lesson VI

Unit One

B.

Non est culpa mea; est culpa ejus.
It is not my fault; it is his/her fault.

Pater suus ei dat tubam magnam.
His/Their father gives him / her a great trumpet.

Judicant inimicos suos.
They condemn their enemies.

Merita nostra considerat quoniam justus est.
He is considering our merits because he is just.

Filii nostri in monte incedunt.
Our sons are walking on the mountain.

In habitatione nostra lucem non habemus.
We do not have light in our dwelling.

Date virginibus auxilium vestrum.
Give your help to the maidens.

Fortitudo sua magna est, quia causa sua bona est.
His/Her courage is great, because his/her cause is noble.

Dic semper veritatem.
Always tell the truth.

Servi nostri ibant ad montes nobiscum.
Our servants went with us to the mountains.

Virgines miserabiles ab calamitatibus suis eruebantur.
The pitiable virgins were [being] rescued from their calamities.
(Always remember that the imperfect tense has the meaning of an action-in-progress -- hence "imperfect." Even though it is often fine to translate the Latin imperfect as past perfect in English, remember the sense of continuous action. A good way to keep this rule in mind is to associate the imperfect tense with one of its common uses to suggest habitual practice -- e.g., ibam, "I used to go"; ambulabamus, "we used to walk," etc.)

Homo dolosus et iniquus non laetificat nos.
A deceitful and unjust man does not gladden our hearts.
[Lit., ...does not gladden us.]

Pater tristis erat quia ab filiis suis affligebatur.
The father was sorrowful because he was struck down [fig., afflicted] by his sons.

Duc eos ad montem.
Lead them to the mountain.

Audite, filii.
Hear, my sons. [or] Listen, my sons. [etc.]

Lauda patrem tuum quoniam bonus et clemens est.
Praise your father, for he is good and kind.

Propheta genti dicebat.
The prophet was speaking to the nation.

Calix in altare ponebatur.
The chalice was being placed on the altar.

Nomen suum Maria erat.
Her name was Mary.

Nos videre non poterant.
They were unable to see us.

Beatus erat quoniam bonus erat.
He was blessed because he was good.

A flammis acribus eruebantur.
They were [being] rescued from the fierce flames.

Servi lucem in monte videbant.
The servants saw/were seeing the light on the mountain.

Sperabamus in fortitudine hominum bonorum.
We trusted/were trusting in the courage of good men.

Quare non dicitis semper veritatem?
Why do you not always speak the truth?

Virgines sperabant in fortitudine patrum suorum.
The maidens trusted/were trusting in the courage of their fathers.

Servi nostri manducabant et bibebant.
Our servants were eating and drinking.

Apostoli sancti pacem et lucem et veritatem gentibus miserabilibus ducebant.
The holy Apostles brought peace, light and truth to the miserable nations / Gentiles.

Quare servi ejus ad montes mittebantur?
Why were his servants being sent to the mountain?

Fortitudo mea non magna est.
My resolution is not great.

Per vias miserabiles ad montes magnas ducebamur.
We were [being] led through miserable highways towards the great mountains.

Quare sperabas in causa hominis iniqui et dolosi?
Why were you hoping in the cause of an unjust and deceitful man?
Why did you trust the motive of an unjust and deceitful man? (etc.)

Ab inimicis nostris judicabamur.
We were being judged by our enemies.

Aquam bonam in montibus non videbam.
I was not seeing/did not see any good water in the mountains.

Sicut erat in terris sanctis.
Just as it was in the holy lands.

________________________

Ad Deum qui laetificat juventutem meam.
To God, who giveth joy to my youth.

Judica me, Deus, et discerne causam meam de gente non sancta.
Judge me, O God, and distinguish my cause from an unholy people.

Ab homine iniquo et doloso erue me.
Deliver me from the unjust and deceitful man.

Quia tu es, Deus, fortitudo mea.
For Thou, O God, art my strength.

Quare tristis incedo?
Wherefore do I advance in sorrow?
Why do I go on, sorrowful?

Affligit me inimicus.
My enemy afflicts me.
My enemy strikes me down. (Literal meaning)

Lucem tuam et veritatem tuam.
Thy light and Thy truth. [accusative case]

In montem sanctum tuum.
Onto Thy holy mountain.
Towards Thy holy mountain.

Quare tristis es, anima mea?
Why art thou sorrowful, O my soul?

Spera in Deo.
Hope/Trust in God.

Sicut erat in principio et nunc et semper, et in saecula saeculorum.
Just as it was in the beginning, is now and ever shall be, unto the ages of ages.
[Note: in saecula saeculorum is usually translated as "world without end," which carries the sense of the Latin phrase but obviously is not the literal translation. My point is that either translation is valid.]

Omnipotens Deus.
Almighty God.

Deo omnipotenti.
To/For Almighty God. [Dative case]

Beato Michaeli Archangelo.
To blessed Michael, Archangel.
To the blessed Archangel Michael. [Etc. Dative case.]

Et tibi, Pater.
And to thee, Father.

Mea culpa.
My fault. [Nominative]
By/through my own fault. [Ablative]

Beata Maria semper Virgo.
Blessed Mary ever Virgin.

Orare pro me ad Dominum Deum nostrum.
To pray for me to the Lord our God.

Misericordia tua.
Thy mercy. [Nominative]
By/through thy mercy. [Ablative]

Da nobis.
Grant us.
Give to us.

A nobis.
From us.
By us.

Iniquitates nostrae.
Our iniquities.

Per Christum Dominum nostrum.
Through Christ our Lord.

Oramus te, Domine, per merita sanctorum tuorum.
We beseech Thee, O Lord, through the merits of Thy saints.

Magna gloria tua.
Great [is] Thy glory. [Nominative]
By/through Thy great glory. [Ablative]

Cor meum.
My heart.

In corde tuo.
In your heart.

In corde meo.
In my heart.

Gloria tibi, Domine.
Glory [be] to You, O Lord.

Omnia saecula.
All centuries / generations / ages. (etc.)

Humanitatis nostrae.
Of our humanity.

Dominus noster.
Our Lord.

Per omnia saecula saeculorum.
Through all ages of ages. [Literal]
World without end. [Colloquial. Cf. note # 11, above.]

Divinae majestatis tuae.
Of Thy Divine Majesty.

Per intercessionem beati Michaelis Archangeli.
Through the intercession of blessed St. Michael the Archangel.

Omnium electorum suorum.
Of all his chosen / elect.
[Remember, omnium = of all. This entire phrase is genitive.]

Misericordia tua.
Thy mercy. [Nominative]
By/through thy mercy. [Ablative]

Oratio mea.
My prayer.

Altare tuum.
Thy altar.

Anima mea et vita mea.
My soul and my life.

Unit Two

A.

DARE HABERE First Conjugation Second Conjugation Active voice Active voice dab am dab amus habe bam habe bamus dab as dab atis habe bas habe batis dab at dab ant habe bat habe bant DICERE SERVIRE Third Conjugation Fourth Conjugation Active voice Active voice dice bam dice bamus servie bam servie bamus dice bas dice batis servie bas servie batis dice bat dice bant servie bat servie bant ______________________ SALVARE MONERE First Conjugation Second Conjugation Passive voice Passive voice salva bar salva bamur mone bar mone bamur salva baris salva bamini mone baris mone bamini salva batur salva bantur mone batur mone bantur MITTERE AUDIRE Third Conjugation Fourth Conjugation Passive voice Passive voice mitte bar mitte bamur audie bar audie bamur mitte baris mitte bamini audie baris audie bamini mitte batur mitte bantur audie batur audie bantur

B.

voca (sing.) ... vocate (pl.) duc /or/ duce ... ducite vide ... videte audi ... audite introi ... introite bibe ... bibete es ... este* judica ... judicate * Or esto ... estote (see footnotes on p. 34)

C.

1. ego eram. 2. tu poteras. 3. ei ibant.
4. vos ibatis. 5. nos eramus. 6. ea poterat.
7. id erat. 8. ego ibam. 9. ego poteram.
10. is ibat. 11. nos poteramus. 12. vos eratis.

D.

1. animae meae. 2. terris suis. 3. via nostra. 4. regno tuo. 5. filii vestri. 6. lucem meam. 7. saeculi nostri. 8. corpus suum. 9. patribus suis. 10. juventuti tuo. 11. mea culpa. 12. montes nostri. 13. nominum vestrum. 14. servorum suorum. 15. patris nostri.

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