Latin Grammar

Cora Carroll Scanlon A.M.
Charles L. Scanlon A.M.

Answer key (c) Joseph Oliveri

Kindly send any corrections to joseph.oliveri "at" thomson.com, or
mjo110306 "at" gmail.com

Many thanks to Dr. Chet Creider of the University of Western Ontario
for the proofreading and suggestions.

Lesson III

Unit One

B.

Ad altare Dei.
Unto the altar of God.

Homines clementes.
Merciful men.

Calix magnus est.
The chalice is large.
(Figuratively:)
The chalice is noble. (...etc. Or, where subject "It" is understood:)
[It] is an impressive chalice.

Calices magni in altari sunt.
The great chalices are on the altar.
(N.B. altare is one of those few 3rd decl. nouns that end in "-i" in the ablative singular. See note at bottom of p. 12.)

In principio et nunc et semper.
In the beginning, and now, and always.
(Traditionally rendered:)
As it was in the beginning, is now, and ever shall be.

Ad vitam aeternam.
Unto life everlasting.

Beatae Mariae semper virgini.
(Note the clue: virgini is 3rd decl. dative, modifying Beatae Mariae. This tells us that Beatae Mariae is dative, not genitive. Thus:)
To / For blessed Mary ever virgin.

Gloria Filio.
Glory [be] to the Son.

Culpa servi non est.
[It] is not the servant's fault.
(Here the subject is understood; however, the same idea can be expressed as Culpa servo non est -- literally, "The fault is not to the servant." This latter method is called dative of possession, and it is commonly used. See, v.g., the Last Gospel, where we find: Fuit homo missus a Deo, cui nomen erat Joannes.)

Homines omnes non clementes sunt.
Not all men are merciful.

Flammis acribus.
[With] fierce flames.

Omnes sanctos.
All [of the] saints.

Auxilium omnium sanctorum.
The help of all the saints.

Gloria Dei magna est.
The glory of God is great.
Great is the glory of God.

Filii hominis non sumus.
We are not sons of man.

Ex Maria Virgine.
[Out from, or] of the Virgin Mary.

In caelum.
Into heaven.

Regnum caeli aeternum est.
The kingdom of heaven is eternal.

Resurrectio corporis.
The resurrection of the body.

Cor Mariae clemens est.
Mary's heart is merciful.

Omnibus christianis.
To / For all Christians. (Dat. pl.)
[With, etc.] all Christians. (Abl. pl.)

In vitam aeternam.
[In] to everlasting life.
Unto life everlasting.

Ego sum resurrectio et vita.
I am the resurrection and the life.

Beatae Mariae semper virginis.
(Note the clue: virginis = genitive; therefore Beatae Mariae likewise must be genitive, not dative.)
Of blessed Mary ever Virgin.

In caelis; in terris.
In the heavens; in the lands.

Justum est.
[It] is just.
[It] is proper.

Homo servis bonus esse potest.
A man can be kind to his servants.

Maria et Lucia nunc cum filiis sunt.
Mary and Lucy are with their sons now.
Mary and Lucy are now with their sons.

Culpa filiorum non est.
The fault is not the sons'.
It is not the sons' fault.

Elevatio calicis.
The elevation of the chalice.

Virgo non magna est.
The young woman is not noble.
The virgin is not proud.
(Like bonus, the word magnus is generic and may convey a variety of meanings in different contexts: e.g., large, proud, powerful, noble, advanced in age, and so on. Always consult your Latin dictionary for the best translation to use in-context.)

Maria et Lucia magnae sunt.
Mary and Lucy are noble.

Culpa Mariae non est; culpa Luciae est.
The fault is not Mary's; the fault is Lucy's.
It's not Mary's fault -- it's Lucy's.

Flammae acres et aeternae sunt.
The flames are fierce and eternal.

Omnes calices non semper magni sunt.
All chalices are not always large.

In principio auxilium hominum magnum est.
In the beginning, the help of men is significant.
At first, the help of men is great.

Aqua nunc in calice est.
Water is now in the chalice.
Now the water is in the chalice.

Corpora hominum magna sunt.
The bodies of men are large.

Cor in corpore est.
The heart is in the body.
(N.B. "Duh.")

Omnes homines boni in corde Dei sunt.
All good people are in God's heart.

Omnes virgines bonae et clementes esse possunt.
All young women are able to be kind and merciful.

Bona es, Maria.
Thou art good, Mary.

Beata esse potes.
You are able to be happy / blessed.

Servi boni, clementes estis.
Good servants, you are compassionate.

Nos sumus servi hominis.
We are the man's servants.

Calix magnus non in flammis est.
The great chalice is not in the flames.

Tu es homo.
You are a mortal / man / human being.
(The word homo usually means "a person" in the generic sense of the term. When a male person is strictly required by the context, vir is often used.)

Deus aeternus est.
God is eternal.

Homines terrae non aeterni sunt.
The men of earth are not eternal.

Angeli et sancti aeterni sunt.
Angels and saints are eternal.

Unit Two

A.

(Nom. Sing.) (Gen. Sing.) (Nom. Pl.) flamma magna flammae magnae flammae magnae bonum auxilium boni auxili(i) bona auxilia vita aeterna vitae aeternae vitae aeternae beata Maria beatae Mariae beatae Mariae beatus sanctus beati sancti beati sancti homo bonus hominis boni homines boni corpus omne corporis omnis corpora omnia virgo clemens virginis clementis virgines clementes calix magnus calicis magni calices magni sancta virgo sanctae virginis sanctae virgines omnis homo omnis hominis omnes homines sanctus angelus sancti angeli sancti angeli corpus magnum corporis magni corpora magna omnis angelus omnis angeli omnes angeli aqua acer aquae acris aquae acres

B.
CORPUS BONUM VIA MAGNA SANCTUS BEATUS corpus bonum via magna sanctus beatus corporis boni viae magnae sancti beati corpori bono viae magnae sancto beato corpus bonum viam magnam sanctum beatum corpore bono via magna sancto beato corpora bona viae magnae sancti beati corporum bonorum viarum magnarum sanctorum beatorum corporibus bonis viis magnis sanctis beatis corpora bona vias magnas sanctos beatos corporibus bonis viis magnis sanctis beatis BEATA VIRGO OMNIS HOMO COR BONUM beata virgo omnis homo cor bonum beatae virginis omnis hominis cordis boni beatae virgini omni homini cordi bono beatam virginem omnem hominem cor bonum beata virgine omni* homine corde bono beatae virgines omnes homines corda bona beatarum virginum omnium hominum cordium** bonorum beatis virginibus omnibus hominibus cordibus bonis beatas virgines omnes homines corda bona beatis virginibus omnibus hominibus cordibus bonis * Remember the rule about 3rd declension adjectives.___See note at bottom of page 12. ** Cor is one those few 3rd decl. nouns that end in "-ium" (not "-um") in the genitive plural. HOMO MAGNUS BONA VITA OMNIS FILIUS homo magnus bona vita omnis filius hominis magni bonae vitae omnis fili(i) homini magno bonae vitae omni filio hominem magnum bonam vitam omnem filium homine magno bona vita omni filio homines magni bonae vitae omnes fili(i) hominum magnorum bonarum vitarum omnium filiorum hominibus magnis bonis vitis omnibus filiis homines magnos bonas vitas omnes filios hominibus magnis bonis vitis omnibus filiis
C.
1. omnibus corporibus.___ 2. beati sancti.___ 3. Deus clemens.___ 4. virgines bonae.___ 5. filiis magnis. 6. omnia corda.___ 7. corporum bonorum.___ 8. hominum clementium.___ 9. flamma acris.___ 10. vitam aeternam.___ 11. vias magnas.___ 12. ex flamma acri.___ 13. calices omnes.___ 14. Deum bonum.___ 15. sanctos apostolos.___ 16. sanctis virginibus.___ 17. auxilii boni.___ 18. aquas bonas.___ 19. regiones terrenas.___ 20. animae vivae.___ 21. homo justus.___ 22. servos inimicos.___ 23. regna caelestia.___ 24. aquam claram.___ 25. regnum gloriosum.___ 26. unum Deum.

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