Latin Grammar

Cora Carroll Scanlon A.M.
Charles L. Scanlon A.M.


Answer key (c) Joseph Oliveri

Kindly send any corrections to joseph.oliveri "at" thomson.com, or
mjo110306 "at" gmail.com

Many thanks to Dr. Chet Creider of the University of Western Ontario
for the proofreading and suggestions.



Lesson II


Unit One

B.
  1. Servus bonus est.
    The servant is good.
  2. Filii boni esse possunt.
    The sons are able to be good.
  3. Sanctis apostolis.
    To/for the holy Apostles. (Dat. Pl.)
    (with, etc.) the holy Apostles. (Abl. Pl.)
  4. Beatae Mariae.
    Of blessed Mary. (Gen. Sing.)
    To/for blessed Mary. (Dat. Sing.)
  5. Apostoli sancti sunt.
    The Apostles are holy.
    The Apostles are saints.
  6. Maria semper beata est.
    Mary is always happy.
    Mary is ever blessed.
  7. Boni semper esse possumus.
    We are always able to be good.
    We can always be good.
  8. Filius Mariae est.
    [He] is Mary's son.
    [He] is the son of Mary.
    (Latin typically observes an economy of words; if the subject, or ownership, etc., can be inferred from the context, the word is omitted. Here, "He" is understood as the subject.)
  9. Gloriae caeli.
    The glories of heaven.
    (Nom. Pl. + Gen. Sing.)
    Of the glory of heaven. (Gen. Sing. + Gen. Sing.)
    To/for the glory of heaven. (Dat. Sing. + Gen. Sing.)
  10. Regna terrae.
    The kingdoms of the land.
    The kingdoms of the earth.
  11. Ad Dei gloriam.
    To the glory of God.
  12. In terra apostolorum sumus.
    We are in the land of the Apostles.
  13. Ad terram sanctam.
    To the holy land.
    Towards the holy land.
  14. Lucia cum servo est.
    Lucy is with the servant.
    Lucy is with [her] servant. (Where "her" could be understood.)
  15. Filius servis bonus est.
    The son is kind to the servants.
    The son is kind to [his] servants.
  16. Maria semper bona filiis est.
    Mary is always good to the children.
    Mary is always kind to [her] children.
  17. Terra beata est.
    The land is blessed.
    The land has been blessed or was blessed.
    (Either sense is possible. In the first rendering, beata is used as a simple adjective; in the second, it is used more precisely as the past participle of the verb beare.)
  18. Servi boni esse potestis.
    [You] are able to be good / loyal servants.
  19. In principio.
    In the beginning.
  20. Regnum beatum esse potest.
    The kingdom can be blessed.
    The kingdom is able to be happy.
  21. Ego sum filius servi.
    I am the son of the servant.
    I am the servant's son.
  22. Semper inimicus regni est.
    He is ever an enemy of the kingdom.
  23. Maria et Lucia beatae sunt.
    Mary and Lucy are happy.
    Mary and Lucy were blessed or have been blessed.
    (Cf. # 17, above.)
  24. Lucia semper bona est.
    Lucy is always kind.
  25. Ad terras bonas et beatas.
    To the good and blessed lands.
    At the bountiful and blessed lands.
  26. Maria cum Lucia est.
    Mary is with Lucy.
  27. Lucia bona esse potest.
    Lucy is able to be kind.
  28. Apostoli sumus.
    We are apostles.
  29. Apostoli boni esse possumus.
    We are able to be good apostles.
    (Figuratively:) We are able to be useful apostles.
    We can be virtuous apostles.
    (etc.)
  30. Ad gloriam apostolorum beatorum.
    To the glory of the blessed apostles.
  31. Principium caeli et terrae.
    The origin of heaven and earth.
    The beginning of heaven and earth.
    The foundation of heaven and earth.
  32. Principium gloriae sanctorum.
    The beginning of the glory of the saints.
    The origin of the saints' glory.
  33. Ad gloriam caeli.
    To the glory of heaven.
  34. Caelum regnum sanctorum est.
    Heaven is the kingdom of the saints.
  35. Sancti Dei servi boni sunt.
    The saints of God are good servants.
    (Figuratively:) The saints of God are virtuous servants.
    Holy [men] of God are faithful servants.
    (etc.)


Unit Two

A. 

REGNUM BEATUM                FILIUS BONUS


regnum beatum                filius  bonus
regni  beati                 fili(i) boni
regno  beato                 filio   bono
regnum beatum                filium  bonum
regno  beato                 filio   bono


regna    beata               fili     boni
regnorum beatorum            filiorum bonorum
regnis   beatis              filis    bonis
regna    beata               filios   bonos
regnis   beatis              filis    bonis



SANTUS APOSTOLUS             SERVUS BONUS


sanctus apostolus            servus bonus
santci  apostoli             servi  boni
sancto  apostolo             servo  bono
sanctum apostolum            servum bonum
sancto  apostolo             servo  bono


sancti    apostoli           servi    boni
sanctorum apostolorum        servorum bonorum
santcis   apostolis          servis   bonis
sanctos   apostolos          servos   bonos
sanctis   apostolis          servis   bonis
B.

1. ego sum. (I am.) 2. potes. (You (sing.) are able.) 3. esse possum. (I am able to be; I can be.) 4. potestis. (You (pl.) are able.) 5. id est. (It is; (colloqially) that is to say; that is.) 6. possunt. (They can; they are able.) 7. es. (You (sing.) are; thou art.) 8. esse potest. (He/she/it is able to be; he can be.) 9. vos estis. (You (pl.) are.) 10. sumus. (we are.) 11. sunt. (they are.) possumus. . (we are able; we can.)

C.

1. sancti apostoli. 2. terris sanctis. 3. filiorum bonorum. 4. beatae Mariae. 5. terrae beatae. 6. servos bonos. 7. filium bonum 8. regna beata 9. in terram sanctam 10. vita beata 11. viae sanctae 12. tubis bonis 13. aquas bonas 14. animae beatae 15. terrarum sanctarum




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