THE TROUBLE WITH CHRIST’S CHURCH
A Study Outline of the Book of I Corinthians
By
Dr. O. Wilburn Swaim Th.D
www.angelfire.com/nc/exhortationplace
INTRO:
Acts 18:1-18; 19:1; 20:2[i] [ii] [iii]
New Leader (Paul)
New Message (Gospel of Grace)
New Baptism (Acts
New Name (Acts
New Location—
Sent out on First Journey (Acts
13:3)
Sent out on Second Journey (Acts
Sent out on Third Journey (Acts
On the Second journey, experienced
the MACEDONIAN CALL, at
Traveled to
Stayed in
Departed to
Trouble filled church.
Infantile church.
In spite of it all, a church dearly
loved by Paul.
We’re going to see in the church,
immorality, lawsuits, judgmental attitudes, preacher followers, selfishness in
finances, and false teachings.
We are going to see Paul’s emphasis
on the Lord Jesus Christ.
We are going to learn how to operate
a local church, by analyzing one which made all the errors.
I. The Centrality of Christ’s Person (1:1-9)
Paul pens the
name of Christ ten times in the first ten verses.
A. His Authority in Christ (1) Note: 5:3-5;
B. Our Sanctification in Christ (2). Note “image” in
Romans 8:29.
Illus: Restoring a ’57 Chevy:
A rich man sends a servant to locate a ’57 Chevy, that he might restore
it. The servant finds one that is all broken down and dilapidated. He purchases
it, brings it to his master. The rich man knows in his mind what he wants it to
look like, and sets out to make it so. In his mind is the positional view. In
his activity is the progressive work. The finished product is permanent
conformity.
1. Positional
(Heb.
2.
Progressive (I
Pt.
3.
Perfect (1:8; I
John 3:2 Note all three steps herein)
C. The Lordship of Christ (2) Note John 20:28; Lk 6:46
D. The Gift of Christ (3,4)
E. Our Increase in Christ (5)
1.
Utterance
2. Knowledge
F. Our Establishment in Christ (6,7). In:
1.
Testimony (6)
2.
Gifts (7a)
3.
Outlook (7b).
Looking for Christ
G. Our Security in Christ (8). Kept by His power.
“confirm,” is bebaiow, to prove, establish, constant
H. Our Fellowship in Christ (9)
II. The Unity of Christ’s Body (
The
Church that Came Unglued! Note Eph 4:1-3;
A. Ideal—Oneness (10). “Divisions,” is
“skismata,”
to rend, tear
1.
Negatively—No
Division in Speech
a. Christian
Doctrine
b. Congregational
Conduct
2.
Positively—Full
Unity in Thinking.
Note Eph 4:11-16. God gave us:
a. His
Servants (Eph
b. His
Scriptures (Eph
B. Reality—Division (
1.
Forthright
Declaration (11)
2.
Four-way Division
(12). “Contentions,” is “erides,” strife, wrangling.
3.
Firm Denial
(13-17). Paul did not: (“Divided [perf. pass],” is “meridw,” to separate in parts; cut in pieces.
a. Teach a
Divided Christ (13)
b. Baptize[S1][iv] to Honor His Own Name (14-17a). “Preach,” is “euaggelizesqai.”
c. Preach to
Exalt Himself (17b). “None Effect,” is “kenwqh,” to
render of none effect; deprive of force.
C. Reminders (
1.
The Core of our
Preaching (18-25). The Cross. “Preaching,” is “logos.”
The message is:
a. Incomprehensible
to the World (18-21).
1.
A Contrast (18)
2.
A Quote (19),
from Isa. 29:13,14
3.
A Question (20).
“Disputer,”sudhthths,” One who disputes, questions.
4.
A Conclusion
(21). “Preaching,” is “khrugmatos,” The message
preached.
b. Insufficient to the Jew (22a). Note Mt
Pt.
2:8.
c.
Inferior to the
Gentile (22b). Note 23b.
d.
Invaluable to
the Believer (23-25). “Preach,” is “khrussomen,”
Preaching, as in Isaiah 58:1.
V.25, When
the:
Philosophers
have uttered their last words of wisdom,
Scientists
have performed their last experiment,
Doctor have
made their last medical advancement,
Explorers
have discovered the last unknown territory,
Astronauts
have visited the farthermost corner of outer space,
Psychologists
have uncovered the ultimate hidden secret,
Moralists
have spouted their greatest pious platitude,
Religionist
have performed their most moving ritual,
Singers have
exhausted their most poetic lyrics,
Sociologists
have mapped their ultimate utopian society…
Verse 25
will still be true!
2.
The Confounding
of the Wise (26-31). Confounded by:
a. Our Calling
(26). Note James 1:5; Ex. 31:3.
b. God’s Choosing (27-31)
1) Foolish Things over Human Wisdom—The Message
(27)
2) Weakness over Worldly Power—The Means (27).
a)
The Cross
b)
Our Confession
c)
Our Change of Mind (Repentance.
3) Unseen over the Visible—The Method (28).
“Base,” is “agenh,”
from
“genos,” of no lineage, account; no name. It is the way of
faith,
as Abraham (Rom 4).
4) God’s Glory over Man’s Pride—The Marvel (29, 31)
c.
Christ’s
Completeness (30, 31). He is the:
1) Fullness
of God’s Wisdom to Us. He is:
a) Righteousness
b) Sanctification
c) Redemption
2) Fullness of God’s Glory Through Us
3.
The
Communication of Knowledge (2:1-16). Paul reminds them of his former presence
and preaching, among them.
a. The
Foundation of our Communication—The Word of God (1). Inspiration. Note
Acts 15:15; I Thess 2:13
b. The Object
of our Communication—Christ Crucified (2)
c.
The strength of
our Communication—God’s Ability (3-5)
1) Paul’s
Presence was Weak in the Flesh (3). Note Acts 18:9,10
2) Paul’s
Preaching was Strong in the Spirit (4). Note II Cor
3) The
Corinthian’s Profession is Strong in the Lord (5)
d.
The Ignorance of
our Communication (6-14)
1) The
Inability of Human Wisdom (6-9)
2) The
Entrance of Heaven’s Revelation (10-12). Revelation, “apokaluptw,” Gal 2:2; Eph 1:9; 3:3-11; Ii Thess
1:7; Rom 1:18-20; 2:14,15.
3) The
Instruction of the Holy Spirit (13,14). He provides:
a) Interpretation (13). Acts 17:11; II Pt
1:19,20
b) Illumination (14). Lk
24:8,11,31,32,45; Jhn 7:17; Psa
119:130
e. The Effectiveness of our Communication
(15,16). Application.
D. Reason for Division (3:1-4). Carnality! In
Chapter One, the Body is Revealed as Torn Apart. In Chapter Two, the Body is
Reprimanded for Lack of Unity. In Chapter Three, the Body is Exposed as
Immature—the reason for the Division.
1. He didn’t Speak as to Natural Men (Note 2:14;
“yukikos,” “Soulish” the natural
state: Eph 2:1-3.
3.
He couldn’t
Speak as to Spiritual Men (Note
4.
He did Speak as
unto Carnal Men (3:1); “sarkikos,” “Fleshly; A saved man
living like an unsaved one: Gal 5:17-21. Note the idea of continual practice: I
Cor 6:9-11; Gal 5:21. Pictured by and Uncompleted
Carnality is the reason for their
schismatic character. Carnality is
Manifested
by its Marks:
a, Deficient Diet (3:1,2): Milk, a predigested
food. Note Heb 5:11-14. Such are:
1) Underfed—too little study and memorization
2)
Overstuffed—too much food for the amount
of exercise
3) Undernourished—Lack of:
a) Nutrients—too much junk food
b) Assimilation—too little meditation
b.
Wayward Walk
(3:3): Walking according to Men (Mt
c.
Babyish Boasting
(3:4): About Human position and dictatorship
E. The Remedy (3:5-4:21)
1. Purging (5-15)
a. Now, by Recognizing God’s Order (5-11)
b.
Later, by Fire
at the Judgment Seat of Christ (12-15).
2. Instruction (16-23).
Concerning:
a. God’s
b.
God’s Glory
(18-23)
3. Our
Example (4:1-17). If:
Apollos and I are EQUAL (3:6,7—nothing, as compared to
Christ), and
Apollos and I are ONE (3:8), and
I have laid the only FOUNDATION (
We are equally responsible to BUILD upon it (
We will be judged at the BEMA (
We BELONG TO the Holy Spirit, Who indwells us (
We do all to God’s GLORY (
a. Don’t Judge
Us (4:1-6)
V. 1 “logizomai,”
is to “impute, count;” “uperetes,” “an under-rower, one
who serves with the hands of a servant; aides another in his work.”
Vs 3,4, “anakrinw,” To enquire into; scrutinize;
V.5, “krinw,” To
pass judgment on, as on another’s works or deeds; V.7, “diakrinw,” To make a distinction or separation.
1) We are not Permitted to Judge:
a) Motives (V.5; Note Jas
b) Quality of Service (II Cor
c) Questionable Things (Rom 14:1-3)
d) That of Which We are Guilty (Mt 7:1-5; Rom
2) We Are Permitted to Judge
a) Open Sin (I Cor 5;
I Tim
b) Sin within the Church Family (I Cor 5; 6:4,5)
c) False Preachers/Preaching (I Jhn 4:1-6; Mt
d) Evidences of Salvation (I Jhn
2:3-6; II Thess 3:6)
b.
Don’t Puff Up
Over Us (7-17). “Blowfish” Because Of:
1) Our Example
(6)
2) The Word
(6)
3) God’s Grace
(7)
4) Paul’s
Desire (8-17) i.e. We would love to reign with you, as you desire to do, but we
are instead fools. Follow me!
It is time to work now; the glory will
follow.
4.
Warning (
a. Judgment,
in Response to Rebellion. If they were to fear Paul, how much more Christ?
b.
Love, in
Response to Submission
III. Problems
in Christ’s Churches (5:1 – 15:58)
A. Immorality (5:1-13)
1. The Report (1)
2. The Reality (2)
a.
Indifference
toward the sinning (2a)
b.
Insensitive
toward the seriousness of sin (2b) “Permanently Puffed Up”
3. The Remedy (3-8). Glorying not good, while
sin reigns supreme.
Note
V.7—Had they mourned, the Holy Spirit might have solved
the
problem. Now, they must do it.
4. Refinement (9-13). Our Separation.
Biblically:
a. Is Absolute, Concerning Organized Religion
(II Cor
b.
Is With
Qualifications, Concerning the World (I Jhn
c.
Is With
Compassion, Concerning the Church Family (II Thess
B. Lawsuits (6:1-20)
1. The Shame of Them—Saints:
a. Taking Other Saints to Court (1). John 135; I John 3:11-18. Note Gen. 13:7.
b.
Unable to
Discern (1-3)
c.
Looking to the
Unsaved for Wisdom (4-6).
“Least Esteemed,” not referring to poor and lowly in
the Assembly, but to unbelieving judges in society, who have no standing before
God, nor in the Church.
d.
Seeking Revenge
(7,8). Note Rom 12:9-21; II Chr 25:9
2. The Solution for It—Realize
a.
Saints shall
Inherit All Things (9,10). Note Rom 8:16-18; Eph
b.
Saints Used to
be Like Them (11) Note II Cor 5:17; Eph 2:1-10
c.
Saints Live
Above Worldly Things (12-20). Note Rom 13:8-14; Phil 3:17-21
C. Marriage, Divorce, and Remarriage (7:1-40)
1. Domestic Life (1-9)[vi]
a.
The Necessity of
Marriage: A Word concerning sex outside of marriage (1,2). Clearly shows such
is contrary to God’s plan. Called fornication (Grk. tas porneias, to “prostitute one’s body to the lust of another,”
“commit unlawful sexual intercourse”).
b.
One’s
Responsibility in Marriage: A Word concerning the misuse of sex in marriage
(3-7). Three devices used in marriage to force a spouse into submission:
1) Finances
2) Children
3) Sex
c.
The Alternative
to Marriage: A Word concerning Self Control
without
Marriage (8,9)
2. Divorce and Separation (10-24)
One must understand
that the Bible is written to God’s people. The only message to the unsaved
concerns salvation and judgment to come. It only saved people to whom
instructions for godly living are given. This passage is to the saved.
a.
A
Charge to Believing Spouses (10,11).
1) Don’t Leave Your Mate (10). This is in full
accord with God’s plan of marriage. But, as in Moses’ day, hearts get hard, so,
if one does leave--
2) Don’t Divorce;
Don’t Remarry (11). There is no excuse for two saved people to not be able to
find God’s power to live together in harmony.
b.
A Charge to
Mixed Marriages (12-24).
Three times Paul
utters a similar statement: “ I speak this by permission, and not of
commandment (6),” “Speak I, not the Lord (12),” and, “I have no commandment
from the lord (25).” This is not by any means “Paul’s words,” versus
“Christ’s.” It simply means that our Lord Jesus did not address the issues with
which Paul is about to deal. Why? Application of the dispensational view
clearly explains why.
Our Lord came to
Paul, on the other hand, had come to a city of such
religious and moral perversion as I doubt most of us can even comprehend. He
had in this church at
Christians are not to marry non-believers. That,
however, is not necessarily the issue here. Rather, it is a case where two
pagans are already married, and one gets saved. The other refuses to leave the
heathen temple with it’s sex orgies as a part of it’s “worship.” What is the
saved to do? Stay with their unsaved spouse, or do they have the right to leave
them?
To obtain insight into Paul’s message here, we have
to understand that Christ, ministering to godly (theoretically) people, His
chosen people, did not have to deal with such issues. So, He gave no commands
concerning such. Paul is simply stating that since Christ did not speak to such
situations, and he must, he is giving his word. He speaks as the mouthpiece of
God, however, and his words have full authority, as they are the inspired Word
of God (I Thess
Now, Paul makes a:
3. Distinction
Between the Married and
a. The Single Man (25-33)
1) The
2) The
3) The
4. The Single Girl (34,35). She can be more attentive to the Lord than one who is married.
5. The Choice to Make (36-38). The best choice is to remain betrothed, but don’t consummate it. Once the marriage is completed, only death can break it.
6. Death and the Survivor (39,40)
The Law Binds in Life (39a). One married is bound to the spouse until death parts them.
a. The Law is Powerless in death (39b) Note Rom 7. Upon the death of one spouse, the survivor is legally free to remarry.
b. The Lord’s Will is Supreme (39c, 40). ). One is to marry again only within the will of God.
D. The Limits of
1. Knowledge Vs. Love (Chp
8). Knowing what you can and cannot do, within the will of God—that’s
knowledge. Refusing to do, for the sake of a weaker brother, what you are at
liberty to do—that’s love.
2. Authority Vs. Privilege (Chp 9). Paul had the:
a. Authority to Marry (5), but exercised the
privilege of remaining unmarried. Note I Tim 4:3.
b. Authority to forbear secular labor (6), but
exercised the privilege of working as a tent maker.
c.
Authority as
Free from the Law’s restrictions (19), but exercised the privilege of living as
though under it (20-23).
3. Position Vs. Practice (Chp
10)
d.
Positionally. Our Unity:
1) Baptized
into Christ (2)
2) Partaker of
the Life of Christ (3)
3) Filled with
the Spirit of Christ (4)
e.
Practically. Our
Reverse Example (6,11):
1) Godliness
(5-15). As
murmuring,
and idolatry.
2) Fellowship
at the Lord’s Table (16-22)
3) Compassion
toward One Another (23-33)
E. Church Order and Ordinances (11)
1. The Order
of the Sexes (1-16). The Woman is:
a.
The Glory of the
Man (7)
b.
Of the Man (8)
c.
Created for the
Man (9)
d.
Not inferior to
the Man, but only a matter of order in God’s plan (10-12)
2. Order at the Lord’s Table (17-34).
a.
There were
Problems:
1) Schisms (18)
2) Sects (19)
3) Selfishness (20,21)
b.
There is a
Solution (23-34)
1) The
Savior’s Instruction (23-26)
a) What to do (23-25, 30-34)
b) When to do it (26). Note: 20:7
2) The Saint’s
Responsibility (27-34)
a) Who may do it (27-29)
b) The Consequences of Doing it wrongly (30-32)
F. Charismatic Confusion (Chaps 12-14)
1. The Way of
the Spirit (12:1-31)
a.
Performance of
God’s Will (1-3). Negatively:
1) Not a part
of their former lifestyle (1,2)
` 2) Never
downgrades Christ (3a)
3) Necessary for Exalting Christ (3b)
b.
Placing of
Spiritual Gifts (4-11)
1) A
Trinitarian Operation (4-6). The Cause: God.
a) Given by the Spirit (4)
b) Administered by Christ (5)
c) Overseen by the Father (6)
2) A Holy
Objective (2-10). The Effect: Profit of the Assembly. (The following is based
on the Greek use of “allos” and “eteros.” Note also Romans 12:6-8; Eph 4:10,11.
a) The Knowledge Gifts (8)
b) The Performing Gifts (9,10a)
c) The Sign Gifts (10b)
3) An Orderly
Method (11)
a) To Every Saint
b) To Every Saint Distinctly
c) To Every Saint According to God’s Directive
c.
Providing Unity
in the Body (12-31). Through:
1) Diversified
Unity (13)
a) One Body (13a). Christ’s Body, the Church:[viii]
The
Local Assembly, by water baptism—it is logical, as baptism is a local church
ordinance, and the first act of obedience (Acts
There was
no distinction between the two, in the first church at
b) Many Members (13a)
c) One Indwelling Spirit (13b)
2) Elements of Disunity (15-20)
a) Covetous Members (15,16)
b) Domineering Members (17)
c) Misplaced Members (18)
d) Missing Members (19,20)
3) Expected Unity (21-25)
a) Interdependent Unity (21,22)
b) Close-knit Unity (23-25)
1))
In Beauty and Honor (23,24)
2))
In Caring and Sharing (25,26)
4) Expressing our Positional Unity (27-30). We
are:
a) Body of Christ, “swma cristou,” (27)
b) Individual Members (27)
c)
Possessors of
Varying Gifts (28-30). “No” answer expected to each question.
5) Exhortation Concerning Dangerous Trends (31).
Consider possibility of “indicative,” rather than “imperative,” in Verse 31.
2. The Way of Excellence (Chp
13)
a.
The Value of
Love (1-3). Without Love:
1) Speaking in Tongues is but a Meaningless
Noise (1)
2) Spiritual Gifts are but Valueless Activity
(2)
3) Sacrificial Living is but Wasted Effort (3)
b.
The Characteristics
of Love (4-8a). Note
c.
The Superiority
of Love (8b-13)
1) Love Never
Fails (8a-12), “ekpiptw,” to fall out of, to fall
(down to the ground, powerless).
a) Prophecy shall Fail (8b), “katarghqhsontai,” i.e. “shall be rendered inoperative.”
b) Knowledge shall Vanish (8d), same as above.
c)
Tongues shall
Cease (8c), “paussontai,” i.e. will cease of their own accord. However, the
word is “Pause,” perhaps indicating that they shall resume, at some point in
the future.
2) Love Ever Abides (13), as does:
a) Faith, “pistis,”
“conviction of truth.”
b) Hope, “elpis,” “The
Expectation of.”
But
Love is the greater of the three.
4.
The Way of the
Corinthians (Chp 14).
a.
A Contrast
(1-19)
1) Tongues vs.
Prophecy (1-5)
2) Clarity vs.
Confusion (6-11)
3) Personal vs. Church Edification (12-19)
b.
A Clarification
(20-38)
1) Purpose of
Tongues (20-22).
a)
Verification of Messiah’s Identity (Mk
b) Warning of Approaching Judgment (Dt 28:49; Isa 28:11,12)
CONSIDERATION
OF TONGUES:
They were foreign languages (Acts 2:6-8, “dialektw,” dialect, and v.11, “glwssais.”
Acts 2 did not fulfill Joel 2, neither
in part, nor in the whole. Consider:
1.
“
2.
“Afterward”
is when the Spirit is to be poured out (28)
3.
“On all
flesh” (28)
4.
“Wonders”
(30), not recorded in Acts 2
5.
3:1,2 is
not yet fulfilled
6.
What Joel
said vs. what Peter said (Acts
7.
No
tongues prophesied in Joel (33)
If the
nation would believe and repent, they would receive Joel’s prophesied gift, and
his prophecy would be fulfilled (39). Note Acts 3:19,20
On
basis of I Cor
1. Acts 2, for unbelieving Jews; first use of
keys (Mt
2.
Acts 10,
believing Jews, but who did not believe Gentiles could be saved.
3.
Acts 19,
Jews who had not yet heard of events of Pentecost, and so were still in a
measure of unbelief.
Words
of Mk 16:15-18 were spoken to the Apostles.
These
sign gifts ceased with their passing off the scene (Heb 2:3,4; II Cor
Such
miracles can be duplicated by Satan (Mt
Sign
gifts were to:
1. Authenticate the miracle. Now, we have the
record of the miracles, and no longer need them (John
2. Warn of coming judgment on and unbelieving
nation (I Cor 28:11-
15;
I Cor
4.
No record
of tongues after A.D.55, until 1900 A.D when they broke out in the Azuza Stree Mission, except in
cults and heretical movements.
5.
Tongues
are found in pagan religion.
6.
They are
not a mark of spirituality.
a. Not listed in Gal 5:22,23
c.Only
recorded as being in
Cor 12:1,4,31; Chp 13; 14:1,12)
7.
Nowhere
is Holy Spirit baptism commanded.
8.
Not all
were expected to speak in tongues (I Cor
9.
Women
would be excluded (I Cor
10. Nowhere is tongues said to be a sign of Holy Spirit
Baptism
2) Procedure
for Tongues (23-38)
a) Prophecy if Preferable (23-25)
b) Interpretation is Indispensable (26-28)
c) Order is Always in Order (29-32)
d) Women are to Watch in Silence (33-35)
e) Obedience is the Ultimate Objective (36-38)
However, this
whole consideration is superfluous. While it was valid for Paul’s day, now that
tongues have ceased, it is a mute question, as to how to utilize them.
d.
Conclusion
(39,40)
1) Do Prophesy
(39a)
2) Don’t
Forbid Tongues (39b)
3) Do All in
an Orderly Manner (40)
G. Doctrinal Disagreements (Chap 15)
1. The context
of the Resurrection (1-11)
a.
The Gospel at
Work (1,2)
1) Announced
(1)
2) Received
(1)
3) Depended Upon
(1)
4) Effective
(2)
b.
The Gospel
Defined (3-11)
1) His Death,
according to the Scriptures (3). Note Gen 22; Psa 22;
Isa 53
2) His
Resurrection, According to the Scriptures (4). Note Psa
16.
2. The Necessity of Resurrection (12-20)
a. A Distinction Observed (12). “ek nekrwn,” vs. “nekrwn.”
c.
Good Logic Applied (13)
d.
Some Conclusions
Drawn (14-20a). Without the resurrection:
1) Our
Preaching is Vain (14)
2) Our Faith
is vain (14)
3) Our Witness
if False (15)
4) Our Sins Unforgiven (17)
5) Our Dead
are Perished (18)
6) We are most
Miserable (19)
e.
The Truth
Declared (20a)
3. The Order of Resurrection (20b-34)
a. The First Resurrection (20-23)
1) Christ the First Fruits (20, 23a). Consider
Lev
2) The Sheaves with Him (Mt 27:51-54)
3) Church
Saints at the Rapture (23b)
4) O.T. and Tribulation Saints at His Return
(23b) Note Dan
12:1-3,
11-13; Rev 20:4,5. Consider that O.T. Saints and
Tribulation
Saints are not “in Christ.”
b. The Second Death. The Unsaved of all the ages
before the GWT (24-28)
4. The How of the Resurrection (35-49)
a. Sown in Corruption, Raised in Incorrpution (42)
c.
Sown in
Dishonor, Raised in Honor (43a)
d.
Sown in
Weakness, Raised in Power (43b)
e.
Sown as Natural,
Raised as Spiritual (44a)
f.
Sown as Earthy,
Raised as Heavenly (48,49)
5. The Mystery of the Resurrection (51-57). The
Rapture
This relates
to verse 23. Note the order: Christ the Firstfruits
(see above), then they that are His at His coming. This the resurrection of
Christ, and the ones raised with Him, followed by His return to earth! Now, in
Verse 51, Paul tells what they did not yet know, concerning the Rapture of the
Church. An Old Testament Mystery, now revealed.
It is
important to understand the doctrine of the First Resurrection, much
misunderstood by so many. By nature, the First Resurrection extends of a period
of some two thousand years, to be completed in stages. It begins with Christ,
includes those raised with Him, next followed by the Church Saints, at the
Rapture, and concluded with those raised at His return to earth.
At His
return, both Old Testament Saints and saved Tribulation Saints, who died
therein, will be raised. That brings all of God’s people out of the grave. No
child of God will ever die from that point on.
6. Value of the Resurrection (58)
a. Challenge: To be
1. Steadfast and Unmovable, in Christ
Lad with broken down horse: can’t run fast, but can standfast.
2. Abounding in Christ’s Service
b. An Assurance: Our labor not in vain, in
Christ.
H. Loose Ends Tied Tightly (Chap 16)
1. Concerning
the Poor Saints in
2. Concerning
His Travel to
3. Concerning
Timothy and the Brethren Coming to
4. Concerning Apollos (12)
5. Concerning
Final Exhortations (13,14,16)
a. Watchfulness (13a) “Watch”
f.
Steadfastness
(13b) “Stand Fast”
g.
Perseverance
(13c) “Quit ye like Men”
h.
Strength (13d)
“Be Strong”
i.
Love (14) “agaph”
j.
Submission (16)
k.
Warning (22)
6. Concerning
Friendship (17,18)
7. Concerning
Goodbye (19,20,23,24)



[i] AV --
1)
city of
west of
formed the most direct communication between the Ionian and
Aegean seas. A remarkable feature was the Acrocorinthus, a
vast citadel of rock, which rises abruptly to the height of
2000 feet above sea level, and the summit of which is so
extensive that it once contained a whole town. The situation
of
harbours, Cenchraea and Lechaeum are the secrets of history.
commercial and manufacturing enterprise. Its wealth was so
celebrated as to be proverbial; so were the vice and
profligacy of its inhabitants. The worship of Venus here was
attended with
shameful licentiousness.
episcopal see. The city has now shrunk to a wretched village,
on the old site and bearing the old name, which however is
corrupted into Gortho. Paul preached here and founded a church
here, Acts
addressed. Strongs
[ii] AV -- Claudius (Caesar) (2)
-- Claudius (Lysias) (1) [3]
1) Claudius meaning "lame" was the name of the fourth Roman
emperor, reigning from 41 to 54 A.D. He was nominated to the
supreme power mainly through the influence of Herod Agrippa
the First. In the reign of Claudius there were severe famines,
arising from unfavourable harvests, and one such occurred in
the tumult of
the Jews in
(cp. Acts 18:2) The date of the event is uncertain. After a
weak and foolish reign he was poisoned by his fourth wife,
Agrippina, the mother of Nero,
[iv] see author’s study on baptismal regeneration.
[v] SPECIAL STUDY: THE JUDGMENT SEAT OF
CHRIST:
The Judgment Seat of Christ is in
contrast to, “krithrion,” A judicial bench where sin, and the sinner, are judged
(John 5:24; Rom 8:1; Heb 10:10-17, and “bhma,” a reward chair, a raised
platform, where works are rewarded.
No believer will ever stand for
judgment before the first. All shall stand before the latter: II Cor 5:10.
Christ will be the Judge (Jhn
It will occur after the Rapture of
the Church I Cor 3:3, “h hmera,”(I Cor
4:5, “until the Lord come,” II Tim 4:8, “en ekeinh tn hmera,”
1. Can’t be in this life, for 5 reasons:
a.
We
are Responsible to Judge Ourselves (I Cor
b.
We
are Responsible to Confess(“omolegew,“ “To say the same thing as”) our Sins (I Jhn 1:90
c.
We
are being Changed from Glory into Glory (II Cor
d.
We
Can’t Stand there until our Sojourn Here is Complete, for the event will be off
the earth (I Thess 4:17; Heb 9:27).
e.
We
aren’t finished with our Works until this life is over.
2. Must Occur Prior to the Return
of Christ (Rev 19:7,8, the Bride is
already purified and clothed). In
Revelation 4:4, the Twenty-Four
Elders are Clothed and Crowned.
3. Is in a Specific Location (I Thess
4.
It is “Good Works” vs. “Bad (i.e. no good; good for nothing)
Works. It is not the quantity of
works, but the quality (I Cor
15).
Rewards will be given in the form of Crowns:
1.
Incorruptible
(I Cor
2.
Rejoicing
(I Thess
3.
Righteousness
(II Tim 4:8), for Watching for His Coming
4.
Life
(Jas
5.
Glory
(I Pt 5:2-4), for being a Faithful Pastor.
The Procedure at a Hebrew Wedding, of
Paul’s Day:
The
would-be Groom goes to home of Prospective Wife, to request her hand in
marriage. The redemptive price is agreed upon, and he pays dowry. The Father
pronounces the Betrothal Benediction, and the couple are legally joined
together as husband and wife.
The husband leaves for a time, to prepare a place for them to live. He
will go to his father’s house, where he will build the “Chuppah,”
the bridal chamber, and prepare for the day of the wedding feast. When he
returns, the marriage will be consummated in physical union. This is done in
secret. Then, the Groom brings his Bride to His home, and unveils her, for all
to see her beauty, and for his glory. The wedding festivities then begin.
[vi] In order to no disrupt the flow of the outline, a lengthy explanation follows at this point, in the end notes. It is a compilation of eclectic notes from the author’s studies, through the years. A dispensational approach, as seen in the following, concludes a little different view on the subject, than that which is generally presented.
The Initial
Standard for Mankind is set forth, in Genesis 2:21-24:
21 And the LORD God
caused a deep sleep to fall upon Adam, and he slept: and he took one of his
ribs, and closed up the flesh instead thereof;
22 And the rib, which the LORD
God had taken from man, made he a woman, and brought her unto the man. {made:
Heb. built} 23 And Adam said, This [is] now bone of my
bones, and flesh of my flesh: she shall be called Woman, because she was taken
out of
It is one man, for one woman, for life!
In their innocence, Adam and Eve became one
flesh. Had the temptation not taken place very soon—perhaps on the same day of
their union—they would have born children. The standard is set. One woman, for
one man, for life.
But, the Fall occurs (Gen 3). Now man, in his
sinful state, corrupts domestic life (Gen
Under the Dispensation of Promise, man
continues in his corruption (Gen 16; 29).
Under Law, persistent man in his perversion
of the domestic scene, has the Law of God added in (Exo
Adultery is Forbidden (Dt.
There was provision made for divorce (Dt 22:1 - 24:1-4):
1.
Husband could
accuse new bride of infidelity (Dt
2.
Consenting
Adultery punishable by death (Dt
3.
Forced Rape of
betrothed woman punishable by death (
4.
Forced Rape of a
virgin—50 shekels and marry her (Dt
5.
Married woman
suspected of unfaithfulness, tested and cursed (Num
6.
Wife found to
have been unclean at marriage—divorced! (Dt 24:1-4).
Explained by our Lord in Mt 5:31,32. He calls it fornication, indicating that
this is the betrothal period, as was supposed to be the case with Mary and
Joseph. There is still no divorce taught for marriage. In Mt 19:3, it is stated
as “for every cause.” Our Lord said that was “Permitted by Moses” due to the
“hardness of [their] hearts.” But divorce was never in the plan of God, from
the beginning (Mt 19:6).
Here is the summary:
1.
Originally,
there was not option of divorce, in God’s plan.
2.
Under Moses:
a.
If bride was
found on wedding night to be impure, she could be stoned (Dt
b.
If it was
discovered later, she could be divorced (Dt 24:1-4),
but this was the Mosaic provision due to the people’s hard hearts. It was not
God’s original plan, but an allowance for the present time.
c.
If wife was
caught in adultery, she was to be stoned (Dt.
d.
If wife was
suspected by husband of infidelity, she was to be tested, and cursed (Num
After the marriage was consummated, then, no
divorce was allowed. Only during the betrothal period was it permitted, except
for Moses’ exception made when the people had so backslidden, that it was being
done anyway.
[vii] To further advantage ourselves to
understand this passage, consider this:
There are four ways in which a man
and woman may be joined together in marriage.
1. Spoken Vows. We have no biblical authority
for this, but is
the
accepted practice of God’s people—not in any way
contrary
to God’s Word.
2. By the authority of the State. Again, there
is no scripture for
this, but just the
principle that for an orderly society, the
State has so charged,
and we must be obedient.
3. The Authority of God (Gen
4. Sexual
To apply this:
1. Two unsaved can be joined together by #’s 1,2, and 4, but not by
#3. The sinner is spiritually dead, totally separated from God. God has no part
in the marriage of two unsaved.
2. A Saved and Unsaved can be joined together by #’s 1,2, and 4, but
not by #3. How then can God be involved in this union? Paul deals with that in
this chapter.
3. Two saved, by #’s 1,2,3, and 4, but #2 is not necessary. However,
to be good citizens and maintain testimony, such should, to fulfill Romans
13:1-5.
Paul, then, is saying:
In Verse 12—If a saved man[vii] has
an unsaved wife (remember the likely circumstances, mentioned above), and the
unsaved wife is pleased to “dwell” with him, he is not to divorce her. “Dwell,”
is Grk. “oikein,” and
indicates an abiding within as a part of the family unit. Such cannot include
the event of the unsaved running off to the pagan temple and lying with a
harlot, as a part of his “worship.” Neither is it merely living under the same
roof. The term carries more a intense meaning than that. It is rather to dwell
in fidelity.
The question then arises as to
the meaning of the word, “sanctify” (14a), and of the word “unclean” (14b).
In what sense does the saved
spouse sanctify the unsaved one? The above considerations answer it clearly: If
God is not involved in the joining together of two unsaved, then the two in
Paul’s example are not married—in God’s site—except, that they are joined in
sexual union, and perhaps by lawful government. But God provides no recognition
of the marriage. Then, the children are unclean, or, illegitimate. The matter
has nothing to do with salvation. We are talking about marriage and offspring.
However, when one of the
spouses get saved, God begins to recognize that marriage—for the sake of the
saved spouse, and then counts the children as clean: not saved, but as
legitimate.
How shall we then view verses 15, 16? If the marriage is only
legitimate, before God, when one of the two gets saved—what if the unbeliever
will not do right? Then the believer is under no obligation to try to salvage a
marriage that God never recognized, and in all actuality, does not exist! Let
the unsaved spouse go. The believer is not under bondage.[vii]
There is no union. If the unsaved will stay and do right, God will recognize
the home for the believer’s sake. If the same will not do right, then the
believer is not even considered married, in the sight of God.
But someone raises the cry they
imagine is taught in verse six. That is, that the believing spouse must suffer
abuse and terror, in order to hold the marriage together, for the sake of
hoping to win the unsaved mate to Christ. That is not at all what the verse
teaches. In fact, exegesis of the text will show clearly that just the opposite
is argued. One does not know whether the unsaved will ever get saved. That,
then, is not justification for requiring one of God’s children to will with an
abusive, womanizing, man, or he with an unfaithful and rebellious wife. God
does not require such. However, much of this is also dependent upon the
individual, and what they are willing to endure for the love of a mate (17).
There is also the question concerning one who is divorced and
remarried, and then gets saved. Should such leave their current spouse, break
up a second home, and seek to return to their first one? Verses 18-24 settles
that issue, when the principles stated are properly applied. In the Greek, Paul
uses “ei,” with a future
indicative. It is, “How do you know whether you will be able to save them?”
with the idea of “If he departs, let him: you don’t know whether you would be
able to save him?
[viii]
TRACING THE CHURCH THROUGH ACTS—
No Greek word for “Church.”
First mention in Mt 16:18, followed by Mt.
18:17.
Greek “ekklesia,” is “assembly,” whether religious, social or political (Acts
By definition, the Church is the Body of
Christ (Eph
It
originated at Pentecost, a creation, by the Holy Spirit.
The local church is prominent in Acts, and
its history easily traced:
Called “People of the Way” (10:0,23; 22:4)
Worshipped in the
Kept their
own company (
Scattered
through persecution (8:1)
Saul of
First
Gentile Saved (
Tagged
with New Name (
New center
of Activity (13:1)
New
Ministry Initiated (13:2)
First
Missionary Journey (12:3-14:28).
The
ministry defined (14:2-28)
Second
Journey (
Third
Journey (
The first
Church had a membership (Acts
The
Spiritual, unseen Church, by Holy Spirit Baptism (I Cor
I. IT WOULD BE A MISFIT.
Was there a church in the dispensation of
the law? How could a church under law
proclaim a gospel of pure grace? It met
on Saturday, had the distinctions of male/female, bond/free, Jew/Greek, was in
bondage to the law, offered the gospel only to the Jews, preached only the
gospel of the kingdom, was not "in Christ", was not justified by the
finished work of Christ, was not an organism, but merely an organization. What kind of church is that? (Gal. 3:23-28).
A
Church prior to Pentecost is a Misfit.
2. IT WOULD BE OWNERLESS.
Christ said, "I will build my
church". His church. There was a "church" (consider root
meaning of Greek word, that there is no Greek word for the English term
"church" in the N.T.), i.e., assembly, in the O.T. But this "new" one is to be HIS
church. If it was then existing, and already
His, why did He have to purchase it with His own blood? (Eph 5:25; Acts
20:28). "I will" is simple
future. The word is "build",
not "build up", as some claim.
A
Church prior to Pentecost is Ownerless.
3. IT WOULD BE HEADLESS.
Note the order of Eph 1:20-23. Christ was:
a. raised;
b. set on the Father's right hand;
c. made the head of all creation (22a, with Col. 1:17--note,
v.15 "firstborn", resurrection position. Christ is Creator, but only by virtue of the
resurrection is He "firstborn". See Heb 3:6, Christ, "Son over
His own House"; Heb 1:2 "appointed heir"; v.4, "being made
so much better than angels"; v.5, which was fulfilled in the
resurrection);
d. "Given to be the Head over...the church...His
body." This church headship follows
the resurrection.
A
church prior to the resurrection is a headless body, a monstrosity.
4. IT WOULD BE FOUNDATIONLESS.
Eph
Further, such a beginning for the church includes a lost church
member (i.e., Judas).
A Church prior to Pentecost would be Confusing, as to its
foundation.
5. IT WOULD BE DEAD.
There is no church without Holy Spirit
baptism (I Cor.
one. That is directly by the work of the Spirit (compare Eph.
members apart from Holy Spirit baptism (I Cor.
John 7:39 clearly teaches that there was no indwelling H.S.,
hence no indwelling life in Christ's
day (note John 14:17b), and that the Holy Spirit could not be
given until Christ was glorified.
So, at least there could be no church organism prior to the
glorification of Christ.
A Church prior to Pentecost is Lifeless.
6. IT WOULD BE AHEAD OF TIME.
There is a question then as to whether
Christ was glorified at the resurrection, or at the ascension? John
However, consider this alleged embryo. What is it?
Were members somehow placed into the body in some kind of imperfect
form? Somehow growing and developing
into a body? Did Holy Spirit baptism
first occur in John 20? Not according to
Luke 24:49 with Acts1:4,5.
We are BORN into the FAMILY OF GOD. We are BAPTIZED into the BODY OF CHRIST. The Bible speaks nothing about a birth for
the church. That is man's
terminology. However, it IS an organism. But it is one created, a new creation in the
same way as were Adam and Eve, and not born. If an embryonic birth, then the
Head was also being formed, which is itself inconceivable.
If
the church were born, then there logically must have been a conception prior to
the birth. Neither a conception, nor a birth, for the church, are mentioned in
Holy Scripture.
In reality, Christ was made the Head and
the body was formed, by new creation, in the same instant--AT PENTECOST! Consider Adam and Eve, types of Christ and
His Church, or, the Head and the Body.
There was no Eve until Adam's side was opened and blood was shed. Neither was Eve born. She was created. Adam was dead until life was breathed into
Him. Eve was created alive--out of Adam. While we don't develop doctrine from types,
nevertheless when a Bible type supports New Testament doctrine, we can use it.
As Adam and Eve had no embryonic beginning, typology suggests neither did the
church.
A
church prior to Pentecost is...premature! to say the least.
7. IT WOULD BE ESCHATOLOGICALLY CONFUSING.
Attempts to faithfully adhere to
dispensational principles will become confused in a system that fails to
recognize a church program confined to operating within the limits of the
Dispensation of Grace. It must be seen
as a separate program enacted after
A church prior to Pentecost is confusion.