Thursday Night Hikes: Western Summit Avenue Hike Architecture Notes

Thursday Night Hikes: Western Summit Avenue Hike Architecture Notes


Observations on Architectural Styles

Western Summit Avenue Hike

Assembled by

Lawrence A. Martin

Webpage Creation: October 20, 2003

General. Summit Avenue in St. Paul, Minnesota, is one of the best preserved upper-class Victorian promenade boulevards in America. It is a monumental boulevard of houses, churches, synagogues, and schools that stretches four-and-one-half miles from the Cathedral of St. Paul, just north and west of downtown, to the Mississippi River. Summit Avenue Historic District map

Additional Specific Structures. The following presents available information on the housing styles of specific structures located along the hike:

West End of Summit Avenue: World War I Monument; Built in 1922; Beaux Arts in style; Magnus Jemne, architect. The monument is made of granite. It was erected by the St. Paul Chapter of the Daughters of the American Revolution. It is dedicated to the memory of the residents of St. Paul and of Ramsey County who died in service during World War I. Magnus Jemne (1882-1964), a Norwegian, was a St. Paul architect architect who was born outside Minnesota, designed the 1931 St. Paul Women’s City Club/Jemne Building at Kellogg Boulevard and St. Peter Street, and died in Ramsey County. Else/Elsa Laubach Jemne, a diary-writer of German extraction, was an artist who is credited with many murals and paintings. Elsa Laubach Jemne (1887-1974) was born in St. Paul, attended the St. Paul Art School and the Pennsylvania Academy of Fine Arts, received a Cresson Traveling Scholarship in 1914 and 1915 which enabled her to pursue her studies in France, England, and Italy, married Magnus Jemne in 1917, painted oils and watercolors of the Rocky Mountains during trips in the 1920's and 1930's, illustrated children's books in the 1930's and 1940's, taught painting at the Minneapolis School of Art from 1946-1950, painted murals for the Stearns County Courthouse, St. Cloud, Minnesota, in 1922, painted a 12-foot frescoed mural in the Minneapolis Armory and a mural in the Ladysmith, Wisconsin, post office, worked with the Treasury Department, and died in Ramsey County. Elsa Laubach Jemne first painted in the West in 1925 and 1926 and was commissioned by the Great Northern Railroad to paint portraits of Blackfoot Indians like Little Plume, Many Tail Feathers, Mrs. Curly Bear, and Lazy Boy. Elsa Jemne had one-person exhibitions in 1957 at the Walker Art Center, Minneapolis, and, in 1961, at the Women's City Club of St. Paul. Magnus Jemne was a veteran of World War I from Ramsey County who resided at 71 West Winifred Street in St. Paul in 1919. Works by Elsa Jemne are held by the Frederick R. Weisman Art Museum, the Minnesota Museum of American Art, and the Montana Historical Society. The Women's City Club of St. Paul was founded in 1921, had 1,000 members in 1931, when the building was built, had its debt paid off in 1937, and was sold to the Minnesota Museum of Art in 1971. The St. Paul Art School is now the Minnesota Museum of American Art. Magnus Jemne (1887-1974) was born in Minnesota, had a mother with a maiden name of Peters, and died in Ramsey County. Elsa Jemne (1882-1967) was born outside of Minnesota, had a mother with a maiden name of Holten, and died in Ramsey County. [See note on the Great Northern RailRoad for 280 Maple Street.]

2279 Summit Avenue: George L. Burg House; Built in 1964; Contemporary in style; Associated Architects & Engineers, architects. The structure is a one story, 3581 square foot, four bedroom, three bathroom, one half-bathroom, brick house, with a detached garage. The house was built for $40,000. The property was last sold in 2002 with a sale price of $800,000. The current owners of record of the property are Terrance M. Brueck and Kathryn E. Mitchell.

2265 Summit Avenue: George W. Robinson House; Built in 1922; Georgian Revival in style; Mather & Fleischbein, architects. The structure is a two story, 3743 square foot, seven bedroom, four bathroom, one half-bathroom, brick house, with a detached garage. The house was built for $28,000. The 1930 city directory indicates that George W. Robinson, the president of the Tri-State Telephone & Telegraph Company, and his wife, Lavicia Robinson, resided at this address. Minnesota Historical Society records indicate that George W. Robinson resided at this address from 1923 to 1944. In 1934, George W. Robinson and Lavicia Brandt Robinson resided at this address. The Robinsons were members of the Minneapolis Club, the Minikahda Country Club, the St. Paul Athletic Club, the Somerset Club, the Town and Country Country Club, and the White Bear Yacht Club. George Washington Robinson was the author of Bibliography of Edward Channing, published in Cambridge, Massachussets, by the Harvard University Press in 1932. The golf course at the Minikahda Country Club has narrow fairways, with a few sand bunkers and water hazards in the design. It features 6,660 yards of golf from the longest tees for a par of 73. The Minikahda Club is Minneapolis' oldest and most prestigious country club and is located along the west shore of Lake Calhoun. C. T. Jaffray, a powerful and respected financial figure in Minneapolis, Martin Koon, William Edgar, Walter Tiffany and Harry Thayer started the club. The name "Minikahda" comes from the Dakota and is a combination of two words meaning "by the side of the water." The club logo in fact, depicts an Indian shield. The club's first golf professional, Willie Watson, who designed the nearby Interlachen Country Club, along with Robert Foulis, in 1898, laid out the original nine-hole course, with the first shot being struck in the summer of 1899. The nine holes built by Watson and Foulis were complimented by the nine holes that were built by Robert Taylor and C.T. Jaffray, two amateur architects, in 1906. The club hosted the U.S. Open in 1916 and the winner was Charles "Chick" Evans, Jr. In 1927, the USGA made a return trip to Minikahda for the U.S. Amateur Championship, where Robert (Bobby) Tyre Jones registered the third of his record, five titles, beating Chick Evans. The course hosted the Walker Cup in 1957. The U.S. Women's Amateur made a stop at The Minikahda Club in 1988. The USGA returned to Minikahda in 1998, for the women's team amateur event, the 30th Curtis Cup matches. "Golf Digest" rated this as the 7th "Best in State" course for 1995-96, and the 5th best for 1997-98. "GOLFWEEK" ranked it 71st among "America's 100 Best Classical Courses" in 1997, 64th in 1998, and 75th in 1999. The back nine was designed by Robert Taylor and C. T. Jaffray. Donald Ross (1917), Ralph Plummer (1962) and Mike Hurdzan (1990) have since done redesigns. Donald Ross was a Boston-based golf course designer between 1912 and 1920 who also designed the White Bear Yacht Club and the Woodhill Country Club. Ross altered the course, which some felt was already obsolete in 1917 because of the low total score by Chick Evans in the 1916 U. S. Open, but the elegant clubhouse on the lake was left intact. The original clubhouse still stands along with the carefully crafted and architecturally complementary additions, two dining rooms, an efficient locker room, and a ballroom of an era of taste and grandeur, with floor to ceiling windows, that overlooks Lake Calhoun. Martin B. Koon (1841-1912,) the son of Alanson Koon, was born in Altay, Schuyler County, New York, moved with his family to Hillsdale County, Michigan, was educated at Hillsdale College from 1861 until 1864, moved to California for his health, taught school, returned to Michigan and read the law at the offices of his brother, E. L. Koon, was admitted to the practice of law in Michigan in 1868, married Josephine O. Vandermark ( -1922,) of Phelps, New York, in 1873, moved to Minnesota in 1878, settled in Minneapolis, practiced law as a partner with E. A. Merrill and A. M. Keith, was a judge of the Fourth Judicial District from 1884 until 1886, resigned when he determined that judicial service did not suit him, formed the law firm of Koon, Whelan & Bennett, the attorneys for the Minneapolis Street Railway Company, the "Soo" Railway Company, the Pillsbury-Washburn Company, the G. W. Van Dusen Company, the Washburn-Crosby Company, the Northwestern National Bank, Gillette-Herzog Company, the Miller's and Manufacturers' Insurance Company, and the London Guarantee and Accident Company, was a member of the Minneapolis Club, was a member of the Commercial Club, was a member of the Chamber of Commerce, was a trustee of the Church of the Redeemer, was an organizer of the of the Minneapolis Civic Commission, and was buried at Lakewood Cemetery. Josephine Vandermark Koon died in the fire at the Lafayette Club on Lake Minnetonka with Lucy Gilbert, the curator of the art department of the Minneapolis Public Library and the sister of George F. Gilbert, a Boston banker, who refused rescue to be with her disabled elderly friend. Catherine Estelle "Kate" Koon (Mrs. Charles C.) Bovey (1875-1964) and M. Louise Koon (Mrs. Charles D.) Velie (1876-1962) were daughters of Martin B. Koon and Josephine Vandermark Koon. George W. Robinson (1872-1922) died in Ramsey County. The current owner of record of the property is Dorothy P. Geis. [See note for Tri-State Telegraph & Telephone Company for 596 Portland Avenue.] [See note on the White Bear Yacht Club for 18 Kenwood Parkway.]

2260 Summit Avenue: University of St. Thomas/St. Paul Seminary, St. Mary's Chapel; Built in 1901 (Sandeen; 1902-1903 according to Larson; 1904 according to Ramsey County property tax records;) Romanesque Revival in style; Clarence H. Johnston, Sr., architect. The 14641 square foot church is a two story (one story according to Ramsey County property tax records) stone building with a gabled roof. It has stained glass windows. It follows a Latin cross plan, includes side chapels, and has very tall buttresses. The church was modelled after the Church of St. Paul Outside the Walls in Rome. The church was dedicated by Archbishop John Ireland. The church was one of the first churches designed by Clarence H. Johnston, Sr. It was built for $62,000 (Larson). The church is part of the six building St. Paul Seminary complex. The 1895 city directory indicates that William McDonald was a student at the St. Paul Seminary. Minnesota Historical Society records indicate that the St. Paul Seminary was located at this address from 1895 to 1967 and that the St. John Vianney Seminary was located at this address from 1968 to 1972. The 1910 city directory indicates that the Reverend Bernard Freney was a professor at the St. Paul Seminary and resided at the seminary. The owner of record of the property is the St. Paul Seminary. [See note on Johnston for 476 Summit Avenue.] [See note on John Ireland for 225 Summit Avenue.]

2259 Summit Avenue: Dr. E. V. Goltz House; Built in 1922; Georgian Revival in style; F. O. Peterson, architect. The structure is a two story, 2872 square foot, ten room, six bedroom, two bathroom, one half-bathroom, brick house, with a detached garage. The house was built for $14,000. The 1930 city directory indicates that Edward V. Goltz, a physician who officed at 350 St. Peter Street, resided at this address. Dr. Edmund Victor Goltz (1880- ) was the son of Julius A. Goltz and Johanna Goltz, became a pharmacist in 1901, studied medicine at Northwestern University in Chicago, then returned to St. Paul and became a clinical assistant in pharyngology and nasology at the University of Minnesota Medical School, and served as the St. Paul Board of Health medical inspector. Mrs. E. V. Goltz was the president of the Minnesota Medical Association Auxiliary in 1945-1946. The current owners of record of the property are William R. Kennedy and others.

Summit Avenue; University of St. Thomas/School of Divinity; Constructed 1988/1989; Griswold, Rauma, Egge & Olson, architects. The complex includes a one story administration building and a five story student residence. The St. Paul Seminary was established at the west end of Summit Avenue in the early 1890's largely through the efforts of Archbishop John Ireland, an active promoter of the development of the area between Minneapolis and St. Paul, and by the railroad baron James J. Hill. The first buildings at the seminary were designed by Cass Gilbert in the early 1890's. The Saint Paul Seminary School of Divinity of the University of St. Thomas is a graduate theological school with degrees in divinity, pastoral studies, theology and religious education. The seminary program prepares candidates for ordination to the ministerial priesthood of the Roman Catholic Church.

2249 Summit Avenue: Charles Coddon House; Built in 1951 (1952 according to Ramsey County property tax records); Contemporary in style; Norman Johnson, architect. The structure is a one story, 4603 square foot, nine room, three bedroom, four bathroom, one half-bathroom, stucco bungalow, with an attached garage, which was last sold in 2004 for $1,100,000. The house was built for $28,000. Charles Coddon (1893-1978) died in Ramsey County. Jessie W. Coddon (1898-1992) was born outside of Minnesota and died in Hennepin County. There is a Charles and Jessie Coddon Charitable Fund at Mount Zion Temple which was established for the purpose of providing emergency assistance for people in need. The current owners of record of the property are Joan M. Haan and Philip C. Haan. In 2003, Jay Salmen was a financial supporter of the Randy Kelly for St. Paul Mayor campaign and resided at this address. Joan Haan was a contributor to the Democratic National Committee in 2004. [See note for Mount Zion Temple for 1300 Summit Avenue.]

2241 Summit Avenue: R. O. Bishop House; Built in 1955; Contemporary in style; Ellerbe & Co., architects. The structure is a one story, 3744 square foot, nine room, four bedroom, three bathroom, frame bungalow, with an attached garage. The house was built for $30,000. Rollin O. Bishop was the chairman of the board of the American National Bank of St. Paul. Rollin O. Bishop (1893-1976) was born outside of Minnesota, had a mother with a maiden name of Underwood, and died in Ramsey County. The American National Bank and Trust Company was founded by the Bremer brothers, Otto Bremer (1867-1951) and Adolf Bremer (1869-1939,) and Charles Henry Francis Smith (1857-1937.) Charles H. F. Smith was born in New York, came to St. Paul in 1883 and established a wholesale grocery business, became the first member of the New York Stock Exchange in the Northwest in 1890, married Mary Rosilla Shawe in 1891, was a co-receiver of the Chicago & Northwestern Railway, served on a number of civic boards, and was chairman of the funding committee to build the Cathedral of St. Paul. The Chicago & North Western Railway was a Class I railroad in the Midwest United States, was chartered in 1859, purchased the assets of the bankrupt Chicago, St. Paul & Fond du Lac RailRoad, merged with the Galena & Chicago Union RailRoad in 1863, and operated more than 5,000 miles of track in seven states at its peak. It owned a majority position in the Chicago, St. Paul, Minneapolis & Omaha Railway since 1882 and incorporated it in 1972. It acquired the 1,500-mile Minneapolis & St. Louis Railway in 1960 and the 1,500 mile Chicago Great Western Railway in 1968. The railroad was purchased by Union Pacific Railroad in 1995 and ceased to exist. The last sale of this property was in 2003 and the sale price was $750,000. The current owners of record of the property are Diane C. Johnson and Elizabeth K. Weinberg. [See note on Otto Bremer for 738 East Fourth Street.]

2233 Summit Avenue: E. J. Kingston House; Built in 1923; Early Modern Georgian Revival in style; Mather & Fleischbein, architects. The structure is a two story, 2519 square foot, ten room, four bedroom, two bathroom, two half-bathroom, stucco house, with an attached garage, which was last sold in 1996 for $450,000. The house was built for $12,000. The 1930 city directory indicates that Norman Nelson, an investment banker, and his wife, Blanche Nelson, resided at this address. Edward Joseph Kingston ( -1934) died in Hennepin County. Norman Nelson (1898-1967) was born in Minnesota, had a mother with a maiden name of Rovig, and died in Ramsey County. The current owners of record of the property are Stephen S. Hecht and Sharon E. Murphy. Sharon E. Murphy, a biochemist with Vot Minnesota, was a contributor to the John Kerry for President campaign in 2004.

2225 Summit Avenue: J. W. Gover House; Built in 1923 (1924 according to Ramsey County property tax records;) Tudor Villa in style; Mather & Fleischbein, architects. The structure is a two story, 2488 square foot, eight room, three bedroom, two bathroom, one half-bathroom, stucco house, with an attached garage, which was last sold in 1996 for $300,000. The house was built for $11,000. The 1930 city directory indicates that James M. Whalen, the president of Commonwealth Electric Company, and his wife, Hilda E. Whalen, resided at this address. In 2006, Van Hove Construction appealed a variance to the St. Paul Board of Zoning Appeals of the rear setback requirement in order to enlarge an existing attached garage at this address. James M. Whalen ( -1948) died in Ramsey County. The current owners of record of the property are Kenneth J. Guddal and Marla F. Murphy Guddal. Kenneth J. Guddal was a financial supporter of the St. Paul Humane Society for Companion Animals in 2005. Ken and Marla Guddal were financial supporters of the Groves Academy in 2001 and 2002, of the Boys & Girls Clubs of the Twin Cities in 2002, and of the Bridge for Youth in 2005.

2220 Summit Avenue: The property is tax-exempt property.

2215 Summit Avenue: Archibald Bush House; Built in 1927 (1926 according to Ramsey County property tax records;) Tudor Villa in style; G. A. Anderson, architect. The structure is a two story, 3576 square foot, 11 room, six bedroom, four bathroom, two half-bathroom, stucco house, with an attached garage and a two car tuck-under garage. The house was built for $26,000. The 1930 city directory indicates that Arch G. Bush, vice president of Minnesota Mining & Manufacturing, Inc., his wife, Edythe Bush, and Sarah Bassler, the widow of Eugene Bassler, resided at this address. In 1934, A. G. Bush and Edythe Bassler Bush resided at this address and were members of St. Paul society. Gust Anderson was born in Sweden in 1861 and died in 1949. The Bush Grant Foundation was created by Archibald Granville Bush and his wife, Edyth Bassler Bush, in 1953. Archibald Bush worked for most of his life for the Minnesota Mining & Manufacturing Corporation, also serving as chairman of their executive committee. Edyth Bassler Bush ( -1972) was born in Chicago, Illinois, the daughter of Sarah Bassler and Eugene Bassler, became a successful ballet dancer, actress, musician, composer, and playwright, married A. G. Bush in 1919, and built, directed, and operated her own theater in St. Paul in 1941. Archibald Granville Bush (1887-1966) began his career with the Minnesota Mining & Manufacturing Company as a bookkeeper in 1909, became an officer, director, and principal stockholder of 3M by 1921, amassed a personal fortune in excess of $300 million, formed his own foundation, helped establish several local banking institutions, was associated with Hamline University as a donor and a member of its board of trustees, and served on the board of trustees of Rollins College in Orlando, Florida. After 1966, Edyth Bush decided to make the family's winter home in Winter Park, Florida, her permanent residence. Edyth Bassler Bush founded the the Edyth Bush Charitable Foundation in Winter Park, Florida, which began operations in 1973. In an effort to enhance the quality of life in the Minnesota, North Dakota and South Dakota, the Bush Foundation, incorporated in 1953 and based in St. Paul, has contributed more than $450 million for educational alternatives throughout these states aimed at promoting scientific, charitable, literary and educational efforts. The foundation’s income comes mainly from 3M stock given by Mr. and Mrs. Bush in the late 1970's. When Archibald G. Bush died, he left the bulk of his estate to The Bush Foundation and named Herschel S. Arrowood and Mary Jane Dickman as executors of his estate. A power struggle soon developed over control both of administration of the estate and of The Bush Foundation itself, which resulted in extensive litigation, in some of which the Minnesota Attorney General's office participated either as co-litigant or as amicus curiae. There were complaints filed against each other by Bush family members and factions of the foundation's board of directors, protestations against awards to the estate executors, attempts by Bush's widow, Edyth Bush, to overturn A. G. Bush's will and recover half of the estate, conflicts over jurisdiction of her estate following her death, and a claim of alleged improprieties in the sale of 3M stock by The Bush Foundation. The litigation continued until 1976. The investment portfolio of the Bush Foundation has diversified and grown over the years and now totals more than five times its original value. Most of the Bush Foundation’s grant funding is distributed to educational institutions in these regions. In addition to supporting non-profit educational programs, the Bush foundation offers many fellowships to encourage individuals to pursue educational goals. The foundation also provides funding to Native American and predominantly black colleges located outside of the Midwest, in an effort to promote diversity and enhance the curriculum and facilities at these institutions. The A. G. Bush Library at the Industrial Relations Center at the University of Chicago was established in the 1950's, funded in part by the Bush Foundation. David A. Odahowski is the president and CEO of the Edyth Bush Charitable Foundation. Anita M. Pampusch is the current president of the Bush Foundation. Buildings at Hamline University named for the Bush family include the A. G. Bush Student Center, built in 1963, and the A. G. Bush Library, built in 1971. The former Edyth Bush Theatre, located on Cleveland Avenue, was given to Mrs. Edyth Bush as a birthday gift in 1940 from her husband, was presented to Hamline University in 1964, provided the Twin Cities with first-rate theatre productions for 25 years, was sold in 1975 to the Chimera Theatre Company, and was subsequently converted into an office building. The Bush family burial plot at Oakland Cemetery contains the graves of Archibald G. Bush (1887-1966) and Edyth D. Bush ( -1972.) Herschel S. Arrowood (1902-1988) was born in Minnesota, had a mother with a maiden name of Wells, and died in Ramsey County. Mary Jane Dickman ( -2001) served in the U. S. military during World War II, owned a secretarial service, and was a member of the Zonta Club of St. Paul from 1963 to 2001 and served as the organization's president from 1972-1974. Zonta is an intergenerational service organization of managers and executives in business and the professions who volunteer their time, talents and energy to local and international service projects that are designed to advance the status of women and further a legacy of women's rights and progress. The St. Paul Zonta Club was established in 1926. The current owners of record of the property are Marianne D. Short and Raymond L. Skowyra, Jr. Marianne D. Short, an attorney with Dorsey & Whitney, was a contributor to the John Kerry for President campaign in 2004. Ray Skowyra, a consultant with Summit & Associates, was a contributor to the John Kerry for President campaign in 2004.

2195 Summit Avenue: Joseph F. Rosenthal House; Built in 1925 (1926 according to Ramsey County property tax records;) Early Modern Rectilinear in style; H. F. Thamert, architect. The structure is a two story, 2092 square foot, eight room, three bedroom, one bathroom, one half-bathroom, masonry and frame house, with a detached garage, which was last sold in 2000 for $429,900. The house was built for $8,000. The 1930 city directory indicates that Joseph F. Rosenthal, a grocer with a store located at 217 Charles Street, and his wife, Anna Rosenthal resided at this address. Joseph F. Rosenthal ( -1931) died in Ramsey County. The current owners of record of the property are Janne E. Ellerisaacs and Robert L. Ellerisaacs.

2187 Summit Avenue: Ethel Karon House; Built in 1923 (1924 according to Ramsey County property tax records;) Early Modern Georgian Revival in style. The structure is a two story, 2443 square foot, nine room, four bedroom, two bathroom, one half-bathroom, stucco house, with a detached garage. The house was built for $9,000. The 1930 city directory indicates that Albert A. Fry, a manager employed by the Louden Machinery Company, his wife, Agnes Fry, a secretary employed by Holly Realty Company, and William L. Fry, an advertising man, all resided at this address. The 1939 St. Paul Academy Alumni Directory indicates that William L. Fry, who attended the school from 1920 until 1922 and who attended the University of Minnesota, resided at this address. The Louden Machinery Company began with the 1867 patent received by William Louden for a device which helped farmers stack hay efficiently and the company subsequently developed and manufactured a variety of hay tools that allowed a farmer to easily and efficiently move and store hay. The Louden Machinery Company was principally located at Fairfield, Iowa. Before World War I, the Louden Machinery Company also developed a flexible barn door hanger in 1895, individual easy-to-clean metal cattle-watering drinking cups, and a monorail overhead traveling crane system and litter carrier for barns. The company established a free barn planning service to help farmers erect more efficient barns. During and after World War I, the company developed numerous material handling equipment innovations. Louden was chosen to construct the material handing devices for the manufacture of atomic bombs in Oak Ridge, Tennessee, during World War II. In the 1960's, Louden built 27 cranes and other devices to handle NASA's Apollo space booster rocket at Huntsville, Alabama, including two miles of track, and in 1961, the company supplied overhead cranes for a Boeing plant in Wichita, Kansas, which assembled B-52H airplanes. The Louden family sold the company in 1953. William Louden (1841-1931) was born in Belfast, Ireland, immigrated to America as a young boy with his family, almost died of inflammatory rheumatism in 1864, which caused him to be unable to help with the farm work and inspired him to think of innovative ways to apply technology to farm work. Albert A. Fry ( -1943) died in Ramsey County. The current owners of record of the property are James A. McFadden and others.

Summit Avenue; University of St. Thomas/Loras Hall. Constructed in 1894 as the North Residence for St. Paul Seminary students. It was designed by Cass Gilbert. It housed St. Thomas Academy students in the period 1943-1945. It housed St. John Vianney students in the 1970's. It was acquired by College of St. Thomas in 1982 to house undergraduate students. [See note on Gilbert for 318 Summit Avenue.]

2183 Summit Avenue: Perry-Tryle Co. House; Built in 1925; Perry-Tryle Co., architect. The structure is a two story, 1740 square foot, seven room, three bedroom, one bathroom, one half-bathroom, stucco house, with a detached garage, which was last sold in 1992 for $166,000. The house was built for $9,000. The 1930 city directory indicates that Mrs. Florence A. Carter, the widow of George W. Carter, resided at this address. Florence A. Carter ( -1953) died in Ramsey County. The current owners of record of the property are Peter H. Herzog and June M. Wheeler.

Summit Avenue; University of St. Thomas/O'Shaughnessy Science Hall.

Summit Avenue; University of St. Thomas/Owens Science Hall/Frey Science and Engineering Center; Constructed 1995-1997; dedicated September 18, 1997; designed by Holabird & Root of Chicago, architects. The construction cost was $31.5 million. The gross square feet of the building is 200,000, while the net square feet of the building is 115,000. The Frey Science and Engineering Center, named after Mary and Eugene Frey, University of St. Thomas class of 1952, is a $37 million facility that was funded by a federal grant and significant local contributions and houses 210,000 square feet of state-of-the art classroom, office, and laboratory space. The Center is composed of two connected buildings, the O'Shaughnessy Science Hall which houses the Mathmatics, Geology, Computer Science and Engineering departments and the Owens Science Hall which houses the Chemistry, Biology and Physics departments. There are 35 classrooms and seminar rooms, 76 laboratories, 117 offices, the 150-seat 3M auditorium, one greenhouse, a snack bar, and assorted other spaces. The structure is covered with 55,000 square feet of Mankato Kasota stone. The facility houses the undergraduate biology, chemistry, geology, mathematics, physics, and quantitative methods and computer science departments. The building also accommodates the Graduate School of Technology for Manufacturing Systems Engineering and the Graduate School for Software Design and Development. The building also contains a mural by Roman Verostko, entitled "Epigenesis", and "Commissioned Stained Glass Window Designs," by Jantje Visscher. The mural project, located on the main floor of Owens Science Hall, employs technologies developed in the pioneer stages of the digital arts revolution. Eugene Frey was the chief executive officer at Waldorf Corp. and is chairman of Wabash Management Inc. Frey joined the Waldorf Corporation as a sales trainee in 1954, moved through the management ranks of the company, which makes folding cartons and recycled paperboard, became its president in 1985, after leading a leveraged buyout, became the sole owner of Waldorf in 1994, and sold the business to Atlanta-based Rock-Tenn Co. in 1997. Mary Frey, the wife of Eugene Frey, has been engaged in volunteer work for Catholic Charities. The Freys established the Frey Foundation in 1987. Dr. Ben Owens (1926- ) was from Hibbing, Minnesota, graduated from Hibbing High School in 1942 at age 16, attended the College of St. Thomas for four months, was admitted to the University of Minnesota Medical School, graduated in 1948, was a U. S. Navy flight surgeon at Moffett Naval Air Station in California, served on sea duty during the Korean War, returned to Hibbing in 1952, began a practice with Drs. Bowen, Johnsrud, Eisenman, and Ahola, delivered 4358 babies during his career, served two extended turns on the volunteer medical ship, the U.S.S. Hope, off the coasts of Ecuador and Jamaica in the 1960’s, received the state Family Doctor of the Year Award in 1982, received the Dr. Harold K. Diehl Distinguished Alumni Award of the University of Minnesota Medical School in 1995, and received the Distinguished Service Award of the Minnesota Medical Association in 1997. The Owens Science Hall at St. Thomas University is dedicated to Dr. Ben Owens' deceased brother, Dr. Frank J. Owens, and his parents Benjamin Owens and Mary Owens.

2174 Summit Avenue: S. Tierney House/University of St. Thomas; Built in 1921; Early Modern Rectilinear in style; F. X. Tewes, architect. The structure is a two story, 1930 square foot, eight room, three bedroom, two bathroom, stucco house, with a detached garage. The house cost $8,500 to construct. The 1924 city directory indicates that Mr. and Mrs. L. J. Tierney resided at this address. The 1930 city directory indicates that this address was vacant. Stephen T. Tierney ( -1942) died in Ramsey County. Frank Tewes ( -1929) died in Ramsey County. The current owner of record of the property is the University of St. Thomas.

2170 Summit Avenue: H. S. Mills House/University of St. Thomas; Built in 1922; Two-story Colonial Revival/Georgian Revival variant in style; O. H. Round, architect. The structure is a two story, 2246 square foot, eight room, four bedroom, one bathroom, one half-bathroom, masonry, weatherboard, and frame house, with a detached garage. The house was built for $10,000. The 1924 city directory indicates that Mr. and Mrs. H. S. Mills resided at this address. The 1930 city directory indicates that Henry S. Mills, a bookkeeper employed by the Twin City Milk Producrs Association, and his wife, Jennie G. Mills, resided at this address. Henry Samuel Mills ( -1937) died in Ramsey County. The current owner of record of the property is the University of St. Thomas.

2166 Summit Avenue: Ernest J. Murphy House/University of St. Thomas; Built in 1950; Cottage/Bungalow in style; William Golla, architect. The structure is a one story, 2220 square foot, eight room, two bedroom, one bathroom, one half-bathroom, frame bungalow, with a detached garage. The house was built for $17,000. The current owner of record of the property is the College of St. Thomas.

2156 Summit Avenue: A. A. Klemmer House/University of St. Thomas; Built in 1913; Two-story American Foursquare/Simplified in style; A. G. Erickson, architect. The structure is a two story, 1945 square foot, eight room, four bedroom, one bathroom, one half-bathroom, brick and stucco house, with a detached garage. The house was built for $5,000. The property is on the Register of National Historic Places as a part of the West Summit Avenue Historic District. The 1918 city directory indicates that Mr. and Mrs. A. A. Klammer and H. J. Lappin all resided at this address. The 1930 city directory indicates that Julian D. Serrill, the Division manager of the Sun Life Assurance Company of Canada, officed at the Pioneer Building, and his wife, Dora B. Serrill, resided at this address. Lt. Julian "Julie" "Sterile" Serrill was the commander of Crew 8 of the patrol plane U.S. Navy PB4Y-2 "Privateer" of Patrol Bomber Squadron VPB-118 during World War II. "Privateer," the final version of the Consolidated B-24 long-range bomber with six power-assisted double-barreled 50-caliber machine gun turrets, armour-plating, bullet-resistant fuel tanks, radar, a double bomb bay, the high-performance Davis wing, and a prominent single vertical stabilizer, was eventually painted with the pinup art of Linda Darnell and named "Summer Storm" nose art just before a B-29 bomber lost power and crashed into her, destroying her with no fatalities. In 1958, Julian Serrill, the Executive Secretary of the Drake University Alumni Association since 1952, became Assistant Executive Secretary of the Iowa State Medical Society. In 1971, Julian B. Serrill was the Executive Director of the Iowa Chapter of the American Institute of Architects. Julian Serrill was the son of __?__ Serrill and Dora Moore Serrill. Julian D. Serrill (1887-1960) was born outside of Minnesota, had a mother with a maiden name of Vogtman, and died in Hennepin County. The current owner of record of the property is the University of St. Thomas.

2154 Summit Avenue: Herbert A. Folsom House /University of St. Thomas; Built in 1912; Oversized Bungalow/Tudor Revival in style; Joseph Frisby, architect and builder. The structure is a two story, 2122 square foot, nine room, five bedroom, two bathroom, one half-bathroom, frame, stucco, and mock half-timbered house, with a detached garage. The house was built for $3,500. The 2 1/2 story woodframe, clapboard, and stucco half-timbered house has a multiple and intersecting gable roof. It has one chimney and a screened porch supported by battered piers. Oakland Cemetery Association records indicate that Simeon P. Folsom resided at this address in 1908. In 1916, Allan K. Pruden was a member of the Minnesota Historical Society and resided at this address. The 1918 city directory indicates that Mr. and Mrs. H. A. Folsom and A. K. Pruden all resided at this address. The 1920 city directory indicates that Herbert A. Folsom, a tax agent employed by the Northern Pacific RailRoad, resided at this address and that Marie E. Blomquist, a clerk employed by the St. Paul Stamp Works, boarded at this address. The 1924 city directory indicates that Mr. and Mrs. M. M. Goodsell resided at this address. The 1930 city directory indicates that Marshall M. Goodsill, a general passenger agent employed by the Northern Pacific RailRoad, and his wife, Margherita Goodsill, resided at this address. Herbert A. Folsom was a tax department agent for the Northern Pacific RailRoad and was the son of Simeon P. Folsom. The St. Paul Stamp Works was founded by Axel Edmund Mellgren, a young Finnish immigrant of Swedish heritage, in 1870, who possessed an artisan's engraving skills learned from his father, Carl Magnus Mellgren, one of Finland's most noted engravers. Axel Mellgren manufactured the first rubber stamps in St. Paul and was the first to advertise rubber stamps in St. Paul city directories in the 1870's. In 1878, Axel Mellgren entered into a brief partnership with Charles Cowham, a machinist. In the 1880's, with seven presses, vulcanizing equipment and a wide array of engraving tools, A. E. Mellgren Engraving produced stencils, seals, medals, rubber stamps, door numbers, letterpress books, dog license tags, tickets, programs, wedding invitations, greeting, holiday and visiting cards and calendars. In 1885, Axel Mellgren was forced to declare insolvency. Mellgren continued in business and in the 1890's, he used the new photoengraving processes for printing and managed the St. Paul Illustrating & Engraving Company and took on John Fritzen, Jr., his brother-in-law, as his partner. Allan Keene Pruden (1850- ,) the son of Sylvester Pruden and Mary A. Kittredge Pruden, was born in Dayton, Ohio, was educated in the Dayton, Ohio, public schools, graduated from Antioch Collegeof Ohio, moved to St. Paul, married, in 1873, Emma Hare, initially resided at 604 Ashland Avenue, initially established a stoves and house furnishings business from 1874 until 1876, was a partner with Annette Hare during the mid-1870's, developed it into a large supply house, was the president and treasurer of the Pruden Stove Company, manufacturer's agents and jobbers, from 1881 until 1901, organized the St. Paul Roofing, Cornice, & Ornament Company in 1884, and served as its president and treasurer, invented and patented in 1910 the Pruden system of portable fire-proof buildings, incorporated and was president of the Metal Shelter Company, was president of the St. Paul Commercial Company from 1899 until 1900, was a member of a special committee of the American Forestry Association on Leech Lake, Minnesota, forestry problems in 1899, was a member of the executive committee of the St. Paul Retail Hardware Dealers and Sheet Metal Worker's Association in 1905, and was a Scotish Rite Mason. Allan K. Pruden and Emma Hare Pruden had three children, Leigh Pruden, Paul B. Pruden, and Jesse Pruden Neal. Mrs. A. K. Pruden was an artist who exhibited at the Minnesota State Fair and was awarded a gold medal for landscape painting. Herbert Angier Folsom ( -1965) was born in Minnesota, had a mother with a maiden name of Angier, and died in Ramsey County. The current owner of record of the property is the University of St. Thomas. [See note on the Northern Pacific RailRoad for 432 Summit Avenue.]

2150 Summit Avenue: McAnulty Company House/University of St. Thomas; Built in 1918; Bungalow in style; McAnulty Co., builder and architect. The structure is a one story, 1488 square foot, six room, two bedroom, one bathroom, stucco and fieldstone rambler, with a detached garage. The house was built for $5,000. The 1920 city directory indicates that Samuel M. Fink, a partner with Morris Fink in the real estate firm of Morris Fink & Son, located at the Exchange Bank Building, resided at this address. The 1924 city directory indicates that Mr. and Mrs. S. M. Fink resided at this address. The 1930 city directory indicates that Samuel M. Fink, the secretary-treasurer of the Republic Finance Company, and his wife, Minnie Fink, resided at this address. A Morris Fink Family Liquor House was located at 302-306 East Seventh Street in St. Paul. Samuel M. Fink was the son of Morris Fink. Robert H. McAnulty ( -1959) was born in Minnesota, had a mother with a maiden name of Berg, and died in Hennepin County. Samuel Fink ( -1945) died in Goodhue County, Minnesota. The current owner of record of the property is the College of St. Thomas.

2144 Summit Avenue: Helena C. Smith House/University of St. Thomas; Built in 1931; Tudor Revival/Spanish Colonial Revival in style. The structure is a two story, 1576 square foot, six room, three bedroom, one bathroom, stucco house, with a detached garage. Construction of the house cost $7,500. The house is a two story stucco structure with a gable roof. It has a chimney, a rounded arched entrance, a leaded glass door, and a rounded window in the gable end. Helena C. Smith was the president of the W. F. Smith Tire & Battery Company. Helena C. Smith ( -1954) died in Ramsey County. The current owner of record of the property is the College of St. Thomas.

2140 Summit Avenue: Mrs. O'Gorman House/University of St. Thomas; Built in 1938; Tudor Bungalow in style; Emil Nelson, architect. The structure is a one story, 969 square foot, five room, two bedroom, one bathroom, stucco and mock half-timbered bungalow, with a detached garage. The house was built for $5,000. The current owner of record of the property is the University of St. Thomas.

2134 Summit Avenue: Michael M. Tierney House/University of St. Thomas; Built in 1921; Craftsman Bungalow in style. The structure is a two story, 2487 square foot, ten room, five bedroom, two bathroom, one half-bathroom, stucco and fieldstone house, with a detached garage. The house was built for $4,000. The 1924 city directory indicates that Mr. and Mrs. M. M. Tierney resided at this address. The 1930 city directory indicates that Michael M. Tierney, a conductor, and his wife, Mary C. Tierney, resided at this address. Michael M. Tierney ( -1951) died in Ramsey County. The property was last sold in 1995 with a sale price of $202,000. The current owner of record of the property is the University of St. Thomas.

2130 Summit Avenue: Edna Glass House/University of St. Thomas President's House; Built in 1918; Two-story Colonial Revival/Twenties Villa in style; Edna Glass, architect. The structure is a two story, 1901 square foot, six room, three bedroom, one bathroom, one half-bathroom, stucco house, with a detached garage. The house was built for $5,500. The 1924 city directory indicates that Mr. and Mrs. P. E. Stevens resided at this address. The 1930 city directory indicates that M. Quincy Haas, the vice president of the Matteson Company, and his wife, Maybell Haas, resided at this address. Morris Quincy Haas ( -1943) died in Ramsey County. The house is the residence of the Reverend Dennis Dease, president of the University of St. Thomas (1991-2004). The current owner of record of the property is the College of St. Thomas.

2120 Summit Avenue: Walter Butler House/University of St. Thomas Development Office; Built in 1924; Tudor Revival/Tudor Villa in style; Butler Brothers, builders and architects. The structure is a two story, 4192 square foot, 12 room, five bedroom, three bathroom, one half-bathroom, masonry, stucco, and frame house, with a detached garage. The house cost $15,000 to construct. The 1930 city directory indicates that Walter P. Butler, the secretary-treasurer of the Walter Butler Company, and his wife, Zena Butler, resided at this address. The 1939 St. Paul Academy Alumni Directory indicates that Walter Butler, Jr., who attended the school from 1904 until 1907, resided at this address. The 1950 St. Paul Academy Alumni Directory indicates that Walter Butler, Jr., who attended the school from 1905 until 1907, resided at this address. Walter Butler ( -1923) died in Ramsey County. The house is the Development Office for the University of St. Thomas. The current owner of record of the property is the College of St. Thomas.

2115 Summit Avenue: University of St. Thomas/Aquinas Hall; Constructed in 1931; Gothic Revival in style; McGinnnis & Walsh of Boston, architects, and Foley Brothers, Inc., builders. It was remodeled in 1964. The building cost $300,000. Founded in 1885, the St. Thomas started as an all-male, Catholic seminary. John Ireland, Archbishop of Minneapolis and St. Paul, started the St. Thomas Aquinas seminary, which became a college in 1894. A gift from local railroad tycoon James J. Hill provided funds to establish the St. Paul Seminary apart from the college. Hill was not a Catholic, but his wife was. In 1896, college officials made an artificial lake, Lake Mennith, using water from an underground stream. Located in the lower quadrant, the shallow lake dried up in 1922. The College of St. Thomas became a military-based school for undergraduates in 1906 and awarded its first academic degrees in 1910. Before that, the school gave out two-year diplomas in commercial and classical programs. In 1915, the college and St. Thomas Military Academy for high school students split into two institutions and, in 1965, the academy moved to Mendota Heights. The college later dropped its military distinction in 1922. The university has been operated by the Archdiocese of St. Paul and Minneapolis for its entire history, except for the period 1928-1933, when the Holy Cross Fathers, who operate the University of Notre Dame, operated the college. St. Thomas started its education graduate program in 1950 and its business administration graduate program in 1974. Women started attending classes at St. Thomas for the first time in 1977 and now St. Thomas' undergraduate student body is 54 percent female and 46 percent male. In 1991, the College of St. Thomas became the University of St. Thomas. The following year, the university opened the Minneapolis campus. The University of St. Thomas is now a co-educational regional university offering more than 120 fields of study and has more than 10,000 students. The building is a 3 1/2 story stone structure with a slate tile, intersecting gable, steeply pitched roof. It also has low parapet walls, deeply recessed pointed arched windows, and buttresses. The building was dedicated by Archbishop Gregory Murray. It replaced the first administrative building for the college, which was designed by architect Edward P. Bassford. The University of St. Thomas consists of 24 buildings on its 40.47 acre campus, with the size of the buildings and the year the building was built as follows:

Building #1, which is a one story, 1,452 square foot building, that was built in 1940;

Building #2, which is a four story, 76,906 square foot building, that was built in 1945;

Building #3, which was built in 1900;

Building #4, which is a two story, 6,744 square foot building, that was built in 1914;

Building #5, which is a one story, 27,000 square foot building, that was built in 1917;

Building #6, which is a one story, 9,600 square foot building, that was built in 1903;

Building #7, which is a four story, 59,320 square foot building, that was built in 1912;

Building #8, which is a three story, 26,684 square foot building, that was built in 1900;

Building #9, which is a two story, 18,360 square foot building, that was built in 1914;

Building #10, which is a three story, 45,072 square foot building, that was built in 1931;

Building #11, which is a two story, 60,042 square foot building, that was built in 1939;

Building #12, which is a one story, 6,084 square foot building, that was built in 1940;

Building #13, which is a one story, 3,600 square foot building, that was built in 1947;

Building #14, which is a one story, 19,020 square foot building, that was built in 1948;

Building #15, which is a one story, 2,772 square foot building, that was built in 1957;

Building #16, which is a four story, 106,455 square foot building, that was built in 1958;

Building #17, which is a four story, 75,381 square foot building, that was built in 1958;

Building #18, which is a seven story, 291,205 square foot building, that was built in 1998;

Building #19, which is a one story, 616 square foot building, that was built in 1899;

Building #20, which is a one story, 3,024 square foot building, that was built in 1965;

Building #21, which is a five story, 52,896 square foot building, that was built in 1966;

Building #22, which is a two story, 49,248 square foot building, that was built in 1969;

Building #23, which is a two story, 17,100 square foot building, that was built in 1977; and

Building #24, which is a one story, 6,892 square foot building, that was built in 1982.

The current owner of record of the property is the University of St. Thomas. St. John Vianney College Seminary is located at 2115 Summit Avenue. In 2003, Meghan Maki was a financial supporter of the Randy Kelly for St. Paul Mayor campaign and was list as residing at this address.

2110 Summit Avenue: Harry Sinykin/Simpkin Duplex/University of St. Thomas; Built in 1923 (1924 according to Ramsey County property tax records;) Two-story Colonial Revival/Early Modern Rectilinear in style. The structure is a two story, 3532 square foot, 16 room, six bedroom, two bathroom, stucco house, with a detached garage. Construction of the house cost $12,000. The 1930 city directory indicates that Clarence A. Cushman, Sr., the general manager of Swift & Company, his wife, Lila Cushman, Clarence A. Cushman, Jr., Alex Highland, chairman of the board of the Stockyards National Bank, and his wife, Nan L. Highland, all resided at this address. Harry Sinykin ( -1945) died in Ramsey County. Nancy Sinykin was a recent resident of the house. The current owner of record of the property is Marvin S. Sinykin. a href="http://www.angelfire.com/mn/thursdaynighthikes/westside3hike.html" [See the note for Swift & Company for 110 Robie Street West.]

Summit Avenue: University of St. Thomas, Albertus Magnus Hall/John R. Roach Center; Gothic Revival in style; Constructed as science classroom building in 1946-1948; Richard Reieche for Ellerbe Brothers, architect, and McGough Construction Co., builders. The building cost $1,342,000 to construct. Dedicated as Albertus Magnus Hall in 1948, named for St. Albert the Great, scientist, and St. Thomas Aquinas' teacher. The greenhouse addition was built in 1963 by Albert Laue, contractor. It was renovated in 1999-2000 by McGough Construction Co. for $9.8 million and was redicated as the John Roach Center for Liberal Arts in 2000. The building is a 3 1/2 story stone structure with a slate tile steeply pitched intersecting gable roof. It has buttresses between its bays. It also has a two story rectangular oriel window and other pointed arch windows. John Roach was the former Archbishop of the Archdiocese of St. Paul and Minneapolis. The current owner of record of the property is the University of St. Thomas.

2100 Summit Avenue: University of St. Thomas, McNeely Hall/Mitchell Law School Building; Built in 1957 (1958 according to Ramsey County property tax records) as the William Mitchell College of Law and acquired by the College of St. Thomas in 1977, when the William Mitchell College of Law moved to 875 Summit Avenue. The building is a two story, 27300 square foot, classroom building. The current owner of record of the property is the University of St. Thomas. The 1918 city directory indicates that Mr. and Mrs. Frank Nicolin, Jr., and A. G. Nicolin all resided at the former nearby 2106 Summit Avenue. The 1924 city directory indicates that Mr. and Mrs. Frank Nicolin, Jr., resided at the nearby former 2106 Summit Avenue. The 1930 city directory indicates that John L. Sinykin, the manager of Cinderella Cosmetics, and his wife, Genevieve Sinykin, resided at the nearby former 2106 Summit Avenue.

Summit Avenue: University of St. Thomas, Sitzmann Hall/Chiuminatto Hall. Acquired by the College of St. Thomas in 1943 as a faculty residence. It became known as the Fine Arts Building in 1946 and housed the Music Department offices and classrooms. It was remodeled in 1976 and renamed in honor of Anthony Chiuminatto, long-time chair of the Music Department. In 2002, it was again remodeled to house the Catholic Studies Department and was again renamed, this time in honor of Eugene Sitzmann (a 1947 graduate) and Faye Sitzmann. Anthony L. Chiuminatto (1904-1973) was born outside of Minnesota and died in Ramsey County. Anthony Lawrence Chiuminatto's 1959 dissertation for his Ph.D. degree in Music History and Literature from Northwestern University was The Liturgical Works of Baldassare Galuppi. Baldassare Galuppi (1706-1785)was born in Burano, Italy, and was introduced to music by his father, a barber, composed an opera, "La fede nell incostanza ossia Gli amici rivali" in 1722, worked for a time in Florence as harpsichordist in Teatro della Pergola, then returned to Venice in 1727, for the creation of the opera "Gli odii delusi dal sangue," composed "Dorinda" for the Theatro San Samuele, became the most famous composer of the Serenissime, was appointed Maestro di musica at the famous Ospedale dei Mendicanti, for which he composed several oratorios, was invited in London to compose opere serie for the King's Theatre in the Haymarket in 1741, was an opera buffa composer, working principally with the librettist Carlo Goldoni, in 1749, and also spent three years in Saint Petersburg, Russia, in the court of Catherine the Great.

2078 Summit Avenue: Former Christ Child School/University of St. Thomas, Christ Child Hall; Built in 1955; Contemporary in style; Ellerbe & Company, architects. The property is tax exempt property. The property is the site of a another St. Thomas University building. The cost to build the former two story, 32484 square foot, structure was $300,000. The 1918 city directory indicates that Mr. and Mrs. Patrick Doherty and their daughters resided at this address. The 1920 city directory indicates that Agnes E. Doherty, a teacher at the Central High School, Anne Doherty, a teacher at Humboldt High School, Catherine T. Doherty, a teacher at the Webster School, and Walter A. Doherty, a civil engineer, all boarded at this address and that Catherine Doherty, the widow of Patrick Doherty, resided at this address. The 1924 city directory indicates that Mrs. Patrick Doherty, her daughters, and W. A. Doherty all resided at this address. The 1930 city directory indicates that Mrs. Catherine T. Doherty, the widow of Patrick Doherty, resided at this address. It was constructed as the Christ Child School for Exceptional Children. The Christ Child School for Exceptional Children was founded by Sister Anna Marie Meyers. Sister Anna Marie was injured in an automobile accident as an adult and was confined to a wheelchair for the remainder of her life, but was determined that her injuries would not prevent her from serving others. In 1939, she began to tutoring "brain-damaged" children from her room in the nurse's building of St. Joseph's Hospital. Word of her work spread and she quickly needed more room for her school. In 1948, the school moved into two rooms at the Christ Child Community Center on the near east side of St. Paul. Richard C. Lilly, a board member of the school, helped to obtain a house on Summit Avenue across from the College of St. Thomas in 1950 which could be converted to a "real" school. Initially known as the Merrick House school, it was soon officially named the Christ Child School for Exceptional Children. By 1954, enrollment had reached 70 children, which severely crowded the house. That same year, I. A. O'Shaughnessy donated two lots east of the home and by October 1955, the students were housed in a new building especially designed and constructed for their needs. With the advent of special education classes in public schools in the 1970's, enrollment declined at Christ Child. The school was closed in 1976, with the property reverting back to the Archdiocese of St. Paul and Minneapolis, which in turn gave it to the College of St. Thomas. Richard C. Lilly (1884-1959) led a group of Twin Cities businessmen in 1929 to purchase Northwest Airways from the original Michigan investor group and was named president of Northwest Airlines. Richard C. Lilly also was president of the Merchant's National Bank of St. Paul and was involved, in 1920, in the St. Paul's Citizen's Alliance, an organization dedicated to maintain St. Paul as an open shop city by preventing the extension of unionism to the trades that were not then organized. The Citizen's Association of St. Paul was first formed in 1903 and re-emerged as the the St. Paul Civilian Auxiliary in 1917. The open shop forces inside the St. Paul Association, backed by Oliver Crosby of American Hoist & Derrick and other veterans of the 1903 organization, formed the Citizen's Alliance of Ramsey & Dakota Counties in 1920. Ex-Sheriff and real estate magnate E. A. "Crape Hanger" Davidson was elected to run the anti-union campaign by the organization's board of directors, which included Charles W. Ames of the Public Safety Commission, E. S. Warner, a founder of the Minnesota Employer's Association, M. W. Waldorf of the Waldorf Paper Products Company, W. O. Washburn of the American Hoist & Derrick Company, C. G. Roth of the St. Paul Hotel, J. G. Ordway of the Crane Company of Minnesota, Frederick R. Bigelow of the St. Paul Fire & Marine Insurance Company, Cyrus P. Brown of First National Bank of St. Paul, Richard C. Lilly of Merchant's National Bank of St. Paul, W. P. Kenny of Great Northern Railway, and Leslie Gedney of Gedney Pickles. By 1925, St. Paul gained a reputation as one of the leading "Open Shop" cities in the country. In l937, the Citizen's Alliance of Ramsey & Dakota Counties changed its name to the St. Paul Committee on Industrial Relations. Under W. H. MacMahon ( -1957,) the personnel director at American Hoist & Derrick, the St. Paul Committee on Industrial Relations packaged it "Open Shop" activities with the friendly rhetoric of industrial peace and harmony. In 1948, MacMahon brought the influence of St. Paul industry to bear on Governor Luther Youngdahl to send the National Guard into the streets of South St. Paul to crush the supposed "anarchy" of the meat packer's union. In 1967, the organization renamed itself the Managements' Counselor on Industrial Relations, with a board of directors still representing the American Hoist & Derrick Company, the Union Brass & Metal Manufacturing Company, the St. Paul Dispatch-Pioneer Press, 3M, the First National Bank of St. Paul and the Northwest Bank. Richard C. Lilly ( -1928) died in Ramsey County. The current owner of record of the property is the College of St. Thomas. Nearby, at the former house at 2064 Summit Avenue, in 1891 and 1893, the residents were Mr. and Mrs. W. A. Davern and Miss M. A. Davern. The 1903 city directory indicates that James Cohn, employed in men's furnishings at 291 Sibley, resided at the nearby former 2064 Summit Avenue. The 1918 city directory indicates that Mr. and Mrs. Mose Zimmerman and Mr. and Mrs. Reuben Blumberg all resided at the former nearby 2064 Summit Avenue. The 1920 city directory indicates that Mrs. Reuben Blumberg boarded at the former nearby 2064 Summit Avenue. The 1924 city directory indicates that Mr. and Mrs. Moses Zimmerman resided at the former nearby 2064 Summit Avenue. The 1930 city directory indicates that Mose/Moses B. Zimmerman, the secretary-treasurer of Barrett & Zimmerman Inc., and his wife, Carrie Zimmerman, resided at the former nearby 2064 Summit Avenue. William A. Davern ( -1946) died in Ramsey County. [See note on the Northwest Airlines for 628 Portland Avenue.]

2056 Summit Avenue: Nathan Coddon House; Built in 1924 (1925 according to Ramsey County property tax records); Spanish Colonial in style; Lindstrom-Anderson, architects. The structure is a two story, 3123 square foot, nine room, three bedroom, three bathroom, stucco house, with a detached garage. The house cost $15,000 to build. The 1930 city directory indicates that Nathan L. Coddon, vice president of L. D. Coddon & Brothers, Inc., and his wife, Harriet Coddon, resided at this address. The 1950 St. Paul Academy Alumni Directory indicates that Theodore L. Cook, Jr. (1930- ,) who attended the school from 1943 until 1948 and who attended Harvard University, resided at this address. Nathan Louis Coddon ( -1932) died in Ramsey County. Nate Coddon (1889-1971) married Harriet Shanedling (1897- ,) the daughter of Annie Shanedling (1878-1925) and Julius Shanedling (1871-1951,) and the couple had two children, David Coddon and Marjorie Coddon. Harriet S. Coddon (1897-1971) was born in Minnesota, had a mother with a maiden name of Meyers, and died in Ramsey County. Julius Shanedling ( -1951) died in Hennepin County. The Jewish Historical Society of the Upper Midwest website indicates that Julius Shanedling emigrated from Lithuania and settled in Virginia, Minnesota, in 1892, was a founder of B’nai Abraham synagogue there, owned a men's clothing store in 1909, and raised five children with his wife, Annie Myers Shanedling (1878-1925.) Annie Shanedling was initially from Minneapolis and Julius Shanedling moved to Minneapolis several years after his wife’s death. The current owners of record of the property are Dallas D. Laurents II and Luanne P. Laurents.

2055 Summit Avenue: J. Lisle Jesmer House; Built about 1926 (1927 according to Ramsey County property tax records); Georgian Revival in style. The structure is a two story, 3272 square foot, nine bedroom, four bathroom, two half-bathroom, brick house, with a detached garage. Minnesota Historical Society records indicate that J. Lisle Jesmer resided at this address from 1928 to 1934. The 1930 city directory indicates that J. Lisle Jesmer, the president of Jesmer Brothers Inc., and his wife, Anna J. Jesmer, resided at this address. Minnesota Historical Society records indicate that the St. Thomas College Music Department was located at this address from 1945. The Ramsey County property tax records indicate that the property is a vacant lot with a two story, 8758 square foot, building constructed in 1927. In 1920, J. Lisle Jesmer was a partner with J. F. Cowern in the law firm of Cowern & Jesmer, engaged in general civil law and officing at the Endicott Building. J. Lisle Jesmer (1891-1963) and J. Lisle (Joseph L.) Jesmer, Jr., (1919-1985) both were born in Minnesota and both died in Ramsey County. The current owner of record of the property is the College of St. Thomas.

2052 Summit Avenue: Bernard Druck House; Built in 1912; Bungalow in style; _?_ Rundquist, architect. The structure is a two story, eight room, 2582 square foot, five bedroom, one bathroom, one half-bathroom, masonry and frame house, with a detached garage, which was last sold in 1991 for $240,000. The house cost $4,500 to construct. The 1918 city directory indicates that Mr. and Mrs. Bernard Druck resided at this address. The 1920 city directory indicates that Bernard Druck, a partner with William Druck in Druck Brothers, a neckwear, belts, garters, and suspenders manufacturer located at 221-223 East Fourth Street, resided at this address. The 1924 city directory indicates that Mr. and Mrs. Bernard Druck resided at this address. The 1930 city directory indicates that Bernard Druck, a partner with William Druck in Druck Brothers, a neckwear and suspenders manufacturer, his wife, Rae Druck, Elbert Druck, a salesman employed by Druck Brothers, Felicia Druck, a teacher, Geraldine Druck, a teacher, and Violet Druck, a teacher, all resided at this address. Rae Behrman Druck was the wife of Bernard Druck, was a graduate of Columbia College of Expression in Chicago, came to Minnesota in 1904, and organized World War I support efforts. Mr. and Mrs. Druck had eight children. Rae Berman Druck was born in Indiana and had five siblings, Samuel O. Berman, Abe Berman, Harry Berman, Fanny Berman Clyman, and Sarah Berman Cezch. Rae Druck and Bernard Druck donated a stained glass window "Aaron, Jacob, Moses and Job Wrestling with God," created by William Salzman, to the Mount Zion Hebrew Congregation, which was installed in Margolis Hall. The Columbia College of Chicago arose from a women's speech college, founded in 1890, as the Columbia School of Oratory, an early pioneer in speech art education, which became the Columbia College of Expression in 1893. In 1928, the college was incorporated into the Pestalozzi-Froebel Teachers College, and it became co-educational in 1936, and in 1944, the name was changed to Columbia College of Chicago. In 1974, Columbia won full accreditation as a four-year, undergraduate liberal arts school by the North Central Association of Schools and Colleges. Bernard Druck ( -1940) died in Ramsey County. Rae B. Druck (1880-1969) was born outside of Minnesota, had a mother with a maiden name of Charek, and died in Hennepin County. The current owners of record of the property are Edwin F. Stromme and Rosemarie Stromme.

2048 Summit Avenue: Charles Coddon House; Built in 1919; Prairie Style/Classical Revival/Early Modern Georgian Revival in style; Henry Firmenger, architect, and Lundstrom & Anderson, builders. The structure is a two story, 2870 square foot, 11 room, four bedroom, two bathroom, two half-bathroom, brick house, with a detached garage. The cost to build the house was $12,500. The house is a two story brick structure with a hipped ceramic tile roof. It also has a flat roofed entrance porch. It also has first floor segmental arch windows. It has Prairie Style massing. The 1979-1982 architectural survey of Summit Avenue evaluator commented that it is an uninspired brick house. The 1920 city directory indicates that Charles Coddon, proprietor of L. D. Coddon & Company, resided at this address. The 1924 city directory indicates that Mr. and Mrs. Charles Coddon resided at this address. The 1930 city directory indicates that Frank Tanz, the president of Levine & Tanz, and his wife, Justine Tanz, resided at this address. Charles Coddon worked for L. D. Coddon & Company. Charles Coddon (1893-1978) died in Ramsey County. The current owner of record of the property is Todd R. Wadsworth.

2045 Summit Avenue: Jay J. Levine House; Built in 1936; Modified French Chateau/British American French Chateau in style; Car-Dell Co., architects. The structure is a two story, 3272 square foot, ten room, five bedroom, three bathroom, one half-bathroom, brick house, with an attached garage. The house cost $11,800 to construct. The house is a 2 1/2 story brick structure with a steeply pitched truncated hipped slate tile roof that resembles a Mansard roof and which has 10 dormers. It has a polygonal turret at the facade center. The first floor opening has a segmental arch. It has a symmetrical facade with ornate decorative brick patterning. The 1964 St. Paul Academy Alumni Directory indicates that Jacob R. Goldenberg, a member of the Class of 1964, resided at this address. Jay J. Levine was the secretary-treasurer of Levine & Tanz, Inc. The current owner of record of the property is Summit Avenue Property LLC, located in Wayzata, Minnesota.

2040 Summit Avenue: Built in 1980. The structure is a two story, 3402 square foot, nine room, three bedroom, four bathroom, one half-bathroom, aluminum/vinyl-sided house, with an attached garage. The current owners of record of the property are Judith M. Kleinman and Richard J. Kleinman, Jr.

2038 Summit Avenue: John D. Asselin House; Built in 1949 (1950 according to Ramsey County property tax records); Bungalow in style. The structure is a one story, 2821 square foot, nine room, four bedroom, two bathroom, brick house, with an attached garage. The house cost $22,000 to construct. The current owners of record of the property are Catherine A. Plessner and Frederick Plessner.

2037 Summit Avenue: Morris Fineberg House; Built in 1928 (1929 according to Ramsey County property tax records); Twenties Villa in style; Gustave Wiegner, architect. The structure is a two story, 3454 square foot, 11 room, five bedroom, three bathroom, two half-bathroom, brick house, with a detached garage, which was last sold in 1995 for $376,000. The house cost $15,000 to construct. The 1930 city directory indicates that J. Fred McCarthy resided at this address. Morris Fineberg (1889-1969) was born outside of Minnesota and died in Ramsey County. The current owners of record of the property are Jane Ernst and Robert W. Ernst.

2032 Summit Avenue: J. P. Kennedy House; Built in 1936; Tudor Villa in style; J. A. Deutschlander, architect. The structure is a two story, 2150 square foot, ten room, four bedroom, three bathroom, one half-bathroom, brick house, with a detached garage, which was last sold in 2005 for $735,000. The cost to build the house was $10,000. The 1964 St. Paul Academy Alumni Directory indicates that John K. Storr, a member of the Class of 1924, resided at this address. The previous owners of record of the property were Gregory S. Koalska and Paula J. Koalska and the current owners of record are Hseng Hung Hsu and Yuk Ling Cheng. Gregory S. Koalska participated in the 25th Annual "Get in Gear 10K Run/Walk" in Minneapolis in 2002.

2029 Summit Avenue: William Harris House; Built in 1925; Mediteranean Revival/Spanish Colonial in style; William T. Harris, architect. The structure is a two story, 6492 square foot, 17 room, seven bedroom, five bathroom, two half-bathroom, stucco house, with a detached garage. The house cost $30,000 to construct. The house is a two story wood frame and stucco structure with a hipped low pitched ceramic tile roof. The house has several levels and wings. It also has wrought iron balconies. The 1930 city directory indicates that William Harris, the proprietor of William Harris & Company, a wholesale woolens dealer, and his wife, Mildred Harris, resided at this address. The 1939 St. Paul Academy Alumni Directory indicates that R. Nelson Harris (1915- ,) who was born in St. Paul, who attended the school from 1924 until 1930, who was a 1936 graduate of Yale University, and who was employed by Noma, Inc., a machineless permanent waving supplies manufacturer, resided at this address. R. Nelson Harris maried Bette Deutsch in Fort Wayne, Indiana, in 1939. William Harris, the house owner, and William T. Harris, the architect of the house, were different people. The last sale of the property was in 2006 and the sale price was $1,900,000. The previous owner of record of the property was the trustee of June H. Barrows and the current owners of record are Roger D. Wilsey and Shari K. Taylor Wilsey. June H. Barrows, a retiree, was a contributor to the John Kerry for President campaign in 2004.

2022 Summit Avenue: John Leuthold/Dr. Ward L. Beebe House Built in 1912; English Arts and Crafts/Wrightian scheme and detailing/Prairie School in style; Purcell-Feick-Elmslie (William Gray Purcell, George Feick, Jr., and George G. Elmslie), architects, Minneapolis, and F. N. Hegg, builder. The structure is a two story, 3074 square foot, ten room, four bedroom, four bathroom, one half-bathroom, stucco house, with an attached garage. The house cost $9,000 to construct. The house is a 2 1/2 story stucco structure with a steeply pitched intersecting gable roof. It has one chimney and an asymmetrical design. Its steeply pitched roof is atypical of the Prairie Style. It has wide eaves and varied windows. One of the unique features of the plan for the house is the tiny library-sitting-room with bay window and built in furniture on the second floor. The house was the only house in St. Paul designed by the Purcell-Feick-Elmslie architectural firm. Purcell later described the house as "a re-transcription of the Oscar Owre type" house, referring to the 1911-1912 Owre House at 2625 Newton Avenue South, Minneapolis. Minnesota Historical Society records indicate that Ward L. Beebe resided at this address from 1913. The 1918 city directory indicates that Mr. and Mrs. W. L. Beebe resided at this address. The 1920 city directory indicates that Ward L. Beebe, the president of Beebe Laboratories, resided at this address. The 1924 city directory indicates that Mr. and Mrs. W. L. Beebe resided at this address. The 1930 city directory indicates that Ward L. Beebe, the president of Beebe Laboratories Inc., his wife, Bess L. Beebe, Leo F. Foley, the district sales manager of The Fisk Tire Company, and his wife, Ethel Foley, all resided at this address. Purcell also noted that the unusual corner windows on the house allowed views up and down Summit Avenue. The house was commissioned by Mr. and Mrs. J. Leuthold and was given to their daughter, Bess J. Leuthold, and her new husband, Ward Beebe. The Leuthold family were wealthy Germans in southern Minnesota and were great friends of Louis Heitman of Helena, Montana. John Leuthold ( -1951) died in Ramsey County. Ward L. Beebe (1881-1960) was a veterinary surgeon who stopped his veterinarian practice, went back to the University of Minnesota Medical School, graduated as a regular physician, became a bacteriologist, was the president of Beebe Labs in 1914, and died in Ramsey County. The Beebes lived in the house until 1929, when they moved to White Bear Lake. The house was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 1977 for its architectural significance. The current owners of record of the property are David C. Anderson and Martha M. Anderson.

2020 Summit Avenue: C. A. Taney House; Built in 1913; Early Modern Rectilinear in style; A. L. Garlough, architect. The structure is a two story, 3310 square foot, ten room, six bedroom, three bathroom, two half-bathroom, stucco house, with a detached garage, which was last sold in 1998 for $450,000. Construction cost for the house was $7,500. The 1918 city directory indicates that Mr. and Mrs. C. A. Taney and their daughters resided at this address. Dr. and Mrs. H. E. Binger resided at this address in 1924. The 1930 city directory indicates that Henry E. Binger, an oculist located at the Lowery Medical Arts Building, his wife, Vida Binger, and Mrs. May Gorman, a nurse, all resided at this address. In 1934, Dr. Henry E. Binger, Vida DeBar Binger, James Binger, Thomas Binger, Robert Binger, Jane Betty Binger, and Patricia Binger resided at this address and were members of St. Paul society. The 1939 St. Paul Academy Alumni Directory indicates that C. Robert Binger (1918- ,) a member of the Class of 1936, a 1940 graduate of the University of Minnesota, and a student in the school of foresty at the University of Minnesota in 1940, and James H. Binger (1916- ,) a member of the Class of 1934, a 1938 graduate of Yale University, and a law student at the University of Minnesota, both resided at this address. Dr. Henry Ernest Binger (1885-1961) was born in Tulare, South Dakota, the son of Charles H. and Hattie Bell Binger, studied at Redfield College and at the Medical School of the University of Minnesota, and graduated with the class of 1910, interned at St. Luke's Hospital at St. Paul, then worked at the St. Peter, Minnesota, State Hospital for the Insane, served as health officer at Clark, South Dakota, in 1911, then began a private medical practice in South Dakota. Binger married Vida Elizabeth De Bar, a daughter of James De Bar, in 1911. Binger was a member of the St. Paul Foundation in the 1940's. James Binger (1916-2004) earned an economics degree from Yale University in 1938 and a law degree from the University of Minnesota, joined the Minneapolis law firm that later became Dorsey & Whitney, where a client was Honeywell Inc., became employed by Honeywell in 1943 and eventually held top executive positions at Honeywell from 1961 to 1978, was part owner of the Minnesota Vikings from 1988 to 1998, had invested in the Butler Square building, ran Tartan Farms, a Florida horse operation that William McKnight started, became a board member of the family foundation, owned theaters in both Minneapolis and New York, and was a life member of the Guthrie Theater board. James Binger married Virginia McKnight Binger in 1938 and the couple had three children, James (Mac) Binger, Cynthia Binger Boynton, and Judith Binger ( -1989). Virginia McKnight (1916-2002) was born in St. Paul, the only daughter of William L. McKnight and Maude L. Gage McKnight, attended the Summit School in St. Paul, Class of 1934, and Briarcliff College in New York, lived in St. Paul, Minneapolis, Ardmore, Pennsylvania, and Wayzata, Minnesota, was president of The McKnight Foundation for 14 years, from 1974 through 1987, was on the elite "Forbes 400" list of the richest Americans for many years, and for several years, was the richest woman in Minnesota. Theater was another important interest in Virginia Binger's life and a Broadway theater in New York City, the Virginia at 245 West 52nd Street, is named after her, one of five theaters in the Jujamcyn Theaters empire which Virginia Binger and James Binger owned starting in the 1970's, after William McKnight gave her two theatres that he acquired in the 1950's. Noa Staryk, the current chairperson of the McKnight Foundation, is the granddaughter of James Binger. Clifford A. Taney ( -1941) died in Hennepin County. Clifford A. Taney (1899-1961) was born outside of Minnesota, had a mother with a maiden name of Grubb, and died in Hennepin County. The current owner of record of the property is Susan K. Barker. Joel A. Barker, a futurist with Infinity Limited, Inc., was a contributor to the Democratic National Committee in 2004.

2015 Summit Avenue: J. J. Corneveaux House #2; Built in 1921; Georgian Revival in style; Alden and Harris, architects. The structure is a two story, 3397 square foot, nine room, five bedroom, three bathroom, two half-bathroom, brick house, with two detached garages. The cost to build the house was $20,600. The 1924 city directory indicates that Mr. and Mrs. J. J. Corneveau resided at this address. The 1930 city directory indicates that John J. Corneveaux, agency director of the New York Life Insurance Company, and his wife, Myrtle Corneveaux, resided at this address. The 1939 St. Paul Academy Alumni Directory indicates that George W. Corneveaux (1918- ,) who was born in St. Paul, who attended the school from 1929 until 1930, and who attended the University of Minnesota Law School in 1941, resided at this address. J. J. Corneveaux was an agent for the New York Life Insurance Company in 1911. Robert D. Goff grew up at this address, resided at 1649 Summit Avenue for almost 30 years, and currently resides at 558 Summit Avenue. John James Corneveaux ( -1949) died in Ramsey County. The current owners of record of the property are John A. Larsen and Karen R. Larsen. Karen Larsen, a housewife, was a contributor to the Democratic National Committee in 2004.

2010 Summit Avenue: Frederick Crosby and Edith Crosby House; Built in 1910 (Sandeen; 1912 according to Ramsey County property tax records; 1910-1911 according to Larson); Tudor Revival/Tudor Villa in style; Clarence H. Johnston, Sr., architect. The house is a 2 1/2 story (two story according to Ramsey County property tax records,) 4421 square foot, ten room, four bedroom, two bathroom, three half-bathroom, stucco and half-timbered structure with an intersecting gable roof. It has one chimney, a porch and sunroom, and detailed half-timbering. The house has a detached garage. The cost to build the house was $20,000 (Sandeen and Larson). The house was considered by the 1979-1982 St. Paul-Ramsey County architectural survey analyst to be the most sophisticated Tudor Revival style structure from the pre-World War I era along Summit Avenue. The 1918 city directory indicates that Mr. and Mrs. Fred Crosby resided at this address. The 1920 city directory indicates that Mr. and Mrs. Frederic Crosby, assistant manager of the American Hoist & Derrick Company, resided at this address. The 1924 city directory indicates that Mr. and Mrs. Fred Crosly resided at this address. The 1930 city directory indicates that Abr. B. Levy, the secretary-treasurer of the St. Paul House Furnishing Company, Inc., and his wife, Hazel Levy, resided at this address. Oliver Crosby, Frederick Crosby's father, was the original owner of the house. The 1964 St. Paul Academy Alumni Directory indicates that Richard A. Moore, a member of the Class of 1964, resided at this address. Abraham Burt Levy (1888-1969) was born in Minnesota, had a mother with a maiden name of Weiss, and died in Ramsey County. Frederick Crosby (1887- )was born in St. Paul, worked for his father's firm, the American Hoist and Derrick Company, and was a salesman for the company in 1910. In 1910, Frederick Crosby married Edith Schliek. Frederick Crosby was the third American Hoist and Derrick Company president, serving during the period 1934-1945. The American Hoist and Derrick Company, renamed Amhoist, traced its origins to the Franklin Manufacturing Company, a heavy equipment repair business that was established by Oliver T. Crosby and Frank Johnson in St. Paul, which engaged in the maintainence and repair of logging and iron ore mining equipment. In 1883, it became the American Manufacturing Company and began to manufacture hand and horse-powered hoisting equipment. In 1885, the company expanded its line to include a variety of construction equipment and equipment for quarrying. In 1882, the company changed its name to the American Hoist & Derrick Company and opened a second office and distribution facility in Chicago. In the 1950's and 1960's, the renamed Amhoist was engaged in the acquisition of other companies before moving to Willmington, North Carolina, in the early 1980's. Oliver Crosby ( -1922) died in Ramsey County. Edith S. Crosby (1887-1960) was born in Minnesota, had a mother with a maiden name of Botzet, and died in Ramsey County. The house was last sold in 2004 with a sale price of $1,050,000. The previous owners of record of the property were Richard W. Noble and Tracy L. Hartwig Noble and the current owners of record are John T. Shaughnessy and Lisa Shaughnessy. [See note on Johnston for 476 Summit Avenue.]

2007 Summit Avenue: B. L. Karon House; Built in 1924; Colonial Revival/Georgian Revival in style. The structure is a two story, 3382 square foot, 11 room, five bedroom, two bathroom, two half-bathroom, stucco house, with a detached garage. Construction cost for the house was $10,000. The 1930 city directory indicates that Bernard L. Karon, a real estate agent, and his wife, Fannie E. Karon, resided at this address. Bernard L. Karon ( -1940) died in Ramsey County. The house was last sold in 2004 for $830,000. The current owner of record of the property is Christopher A. Cudack and Gretchen E. Cudack.

2005 Summit Avenue: Alfred H. Auger and Delina Auger House; Built in 1924 (1922 accroding to Ramsey County property tax records); Prairie School/Early Modern Rectilinear in style. The structure is a two story, 2386 square foot, eight room, four bedroom, one bathroom, two half-bathroom, brick house, with a detached garage. The 1924 city directory indicates that Mr. and Mrs. Alfred H. Auger resided at this address. The 1930 city directory indicates that Harvey E. Page and his wife, Hazel Page, resided at this address. The 1964 St. Paul Academy Alumni Directory indicates that Robert M. Knox, Jr., a member of the Class of 1943, resided at this address. Delina C. Auger ( -1935) died in Ramsey County. The current owners of record of the property are Sarah K. Armstrong and William G. Armstrong.

2004 Summit Avenue: J. J. Corneveaux House #1; Built in 1910 (1912 according to Ramsey County proerty tax records); Tudor Revival/Cottage/Tudor Villa in style; J. S. Sweitzer, architect and builder. The structure is a two story, 3465 square foot, ten room, six bedroom, three bathroom, two half-bathroom, masonry and frame house, with a detached garage. The house cost $7,500 to construct. The house is a three story wood frame, stucco, and brick structure with an intersecting gable roof. The house has two chimneys, an elliptical arched timber entrance, an overhang, intersecting window hoods, and timber detailing. The 1918 city directory indicates that Mr. and Mrs. J. J. Corneveaux resided at this address. The 1924 city directory indicates that Mr. and Mrs. C. L. Larsen resided at this address. The 1930 city directory indicates that Carl L. Larsen, a partner in Larsen, Wheeler, Wold, & Culver, oculists, physicians, and surgeons, and his wife, Elizabeth Larsen, resided at this address. J. J. Corneveaux was an agent for the New York Life Insurance Company in 1911. John James Corneveaux ( -1949) died in Ramsey County. John J. Corneveaux married Myrtie Luley, the daughter of Fredrick W. Luley (1838-1908) and Martha Ann Sessions Luley, the granddaughter of Holland Sessions (1815-1876) and Ann Eliza Sessions (1842- ), the great granddaughter of Leonard Sessions (1788-1891) and Azuba/Azubal/Ezubeth/Elizabeth "Zuba" Martin Sessions (1783-1860), and the great great granddaughter of William Martin and Olive Averell Martin. William Martin was a Revolutionary War soldier from Vermont. The current owners of record of the property are Sherelyn Ogden and Allan Thenen. Allan Thenen is a paper conservator with extensive experience in the treatment of varnished wall maps and volunteers for the Minnesota Historical Society. Sherelyn Ogden and Allan Thenen were married in 1996. Sherelyn Ogden was the director of book conservation at the Northeast Document Conservation Center, Andover, Massachusetts, for seventeen years, is the head of conservation in the book and paper conservator department of the Minnesota Historical Society, is the author of Caring for American Indian Objects, St. Paul, Minnesota Historical Society Press, 2004, and of The Storage of Art on Paper: A Basic Guide for Institutions, Urbana-Champaign, Illinois, University of Illinois Graduate School of Library and Information Science, 2001, and is the editor of the Northeast Document Conservation Center manual.

1995 Summit Avenue: Edward Kennan House; Built in 1917; Simplified Rectilinear in style; H. Edward Walker, architect. The structure is a two story, 2463 square foot, nine room, five bedroom, one bathroom, two half-bathroom, stucco house, with a detached garage. The cost to build the house was $8,000. The 1920 city directory indicates that Edward P. Keenan, involved in real estate, resided at this address. The 1924 city directory indicates that Mr. and Mrs. E. P. Keenan resided at this address. The 1930 city directory indicates that Edward P. Kennan resided at this address. The current owners of record of the property are Eleanor C. Hill and Lyman L. Hill, Jr.

1994 Summit Avenue: August M. P. Cowley House; Built in 1913; English Manor House Revival/English Cottage/Twenties Villa in style; John Walter Stevens, architect; St. Paul Building Company, builder. The structure is a 1 3/4 story, 2531 square foot, eight room, four bedroom, two bathroom, one half-bathroom, stucco house, with a detached garage. The house cost $8,000 to construct. The house is a two story stucco structure with an intersecting gable ceramic tiled roof which has four shed dormers. The house also has one chimney and a gabled entrance with piers. The house is one of the last houses designed by J. W. Stevens on Summit Avenue. Minnesota Historical Society records indicate that Augustus M. P. Cowley resided at this address from 1914 to 1944. The 1918 city directory indicates that Mr. and Mrs. A. M. P. Crowley and their daughter resided at this address. The 1920 city directory indicates that Augustus M. P. Cowley, the secretary of the Northwestern Blau Gas Company, resided at this address. The 1924 city directory indicates that Mr. and Mrs. A. M. P. Cowley and their daughter resided at this address. The 1930 city directory indicates that Augustus M. P. Cowley, the secretary-treasurer of the Northwestern Blaugas Company, and his wife, Ida Cowley, resided at this address. In 1934, Mr. and Mrs. Augustus M. Cowley resided at this address and were noted members of St. Paul society. The 1991 St. Paul’s on-the-Hill Episcopal Church directory indicates that Stephen Riendl resided at this address. The Northwestern Blau Gas Company was located at Hampden Avenue and Charles Street and its officers were Frank Y. Locke, president, and A. M. P. Cowley, secretary. Augustus M. P. Cowley ( -1941) died in Ramsey County. The house last sold in 1992 for $280,000. The current owner of record of the property is Nancy Hernke. [See note on Stevens for 335 Summit Avenue.]

1988 Summit Avenue: J. A. Childs House/Maryhill Convent and Renewal Center; Built in 1914; J. B. Wiles, architect. The structure is a two story, 2553 square foot, ten room, five bedroom, three bathroom, one half-bathroom, stucco house, with a detached garage. Construction cost for the house was $6,000. Minnesota Historical Society records indicate that James A. Childs resided at this address from 1915 to 1942. The 1918 city directory indicates that Mrs. J. A. Childs resided at this address. The 1920 city directory indicates that James A. Childs, an engineer, resided at this address. The 1924 city directory indicates that Mr. and Mrs. J. J. Childs resided at this address. The 1930 city directory indicates that James A. Childs, chief engineer and secretary of the Metropolitan Drainage Commission,and his wife, Muriel T. Childs, resided at this address. James A. Childs ( -1935) died in Ramsey County. The property was last sold in 1997 with a sale price of $259,000. The current owner of record of the property is the Society of the Daughters of the Heart of Mary, Inc. The religious order of the Daughters of the Heart of Mary was established in 1791, during the French Revolution, by Peter Joseph de Cloriviere, S.J., also the founder of the religious order of the Priests of the Heart of Jesus, and Adelaide de Cice, a young French noblewoman. Five members of the two orders were guillotined in 1793-1794 while the Reign of Terror raged. The first sisters of the Daughters of the Heart of Mary arrived in America in 1851, at the invitation of Bishop Louis Amadeus Rappe (1801-1877,) of Cleveland, Ohio. Early in the 20th century, the sisters of the Daughters of the Heart of Mary had become actively involved in all levels of teaching, from kindergarten through university.

1987 Summit Avenue: S. R. Reuler House; Built in 1916; Tudor Villa in style; Carl Nelson, architect. The structure is a two story, 3591 square foot, 11 room, five bedroom, three bathroom, two half-bathroom, masonry and frame house, with a detached garage. The house cost $12,000 to construct. The 1918 city directory indicates that Mr. and Mrs. S. R. Reuler resided at this address. The 1924 city directory indicates that Mrs. K. E. Lilley resided at this address. The 1930 city directory indicates that Augustus W. Clapp, a lawyer and a partner with Harold J. Richardson, Charles E. Elmquist, Charles W. Briggs, Grant S. McCartney, and Wayne C. Gilbert in the law firm of Clapp, Richardson, Elmquist, Briggs & McCartney, located at the Merchants National Bank Building, and his wife, Rosina Clapp, resided at this address. In 1934, August W. Clapp and Rosina Kraft Clapp resided at this address and were noted members of St. Paul society. Samuel R. Reuler ( -1946) died in Hennepin County. Rosina M. Clapp ( -1954) died in Ramsey County. The property last sold in 1994 for $485,000. The current owners of record of the property are Catherine C. Scallen and Timothy J. Scallen. Timothy J. Scallen graduated from the University of Notre Dame with an accounting degree, received a law degree from the University of Minnesota Law School, and is a partner in the Corporate Finance and Transactions Practice of Oppenheimer Wolff & Donnelly LLP.

1982 Summit Avenue: B. F. Robertson House; Built in 1910; Early Modern Rectilinear in style; Hartford & Jacobson, architects. The structure is a two story, 2487 square foot, nine room, four bedroom, two bathroom, stucco house, with a detached garage. The cost to build the house was $4,000. The 1918 and 1924 city directories indicate that Mr. and Mrs. B. F. Robertson resided at this address. The 1930 city directory indicates that Benjamin F. Robertson, a department manager employed by the Farwell, Ozmun, Kirk & Company, and his wife, Mina Robertson, resided at this address. In 1934, Benjamin F. Robertson, Mina Herms Robertson, E. L. Robertson, and Mitzi Robertson resided at this address. Benjamin F. Robertson (1877-1957) was born outside of Minnesota, had a mother with a maiden name of Case, and died in Ramsey County. Mina Sophia Robertson (1875-1963) was born in Minnesota and died in Ramsey County. Edward Lowell Robertson (1915-1996) was born in Minnesota, had a mother with a maiden name of Hermes, and died in Ramsey County. The current owner of record of the property is James V. Toscano and Sharon L. Toscano. James V. Toscano is the president of the Minneapolis Heart Institute Foundation, an independent, not-for-profit, community-based research and education organization engaged in research, education, and innovation in health and health care, serves on the board of directors of the Summit Avenue Residential Preservation Association, serves on the board of directors of the Friends of the Saint Paul Public Library, is secretary of the Board of the World Press Institute, is chair of the Board of Rainbow Research, and is a lecturer in nonprofit management at the graduate school of Hamline University. James Toscano, the president of the Minneapolis Heart Institute Foundation, contributed to the Hillary Clinton for President campaign in 2007-2008.

1979 Summit Avenue: Moses C. Shapira House #2; Built in 1924; Mediteranean Revival/Early Modern Georgian Revival in style; Clarence H. Johnston, Jr., architect; Lindstrom & Anderson, builders. The structure is a two story, 4895 square foot, ten room, six bedroom, three bathroom, one half-bathroom, stucco house, with an attached garrage. Construction of the house cost $24,000. The house is a 2 1/2 story wood frame and stucco structure with an intersecting gable green tile steeply pitched roof. The house also has one chimney, a projecting central bay, and a small balcony above the main door. The 1930 city directory indicates that Moses C. Shapira, partner with Albert I. Shapira and Nathan C. Shapira, of the Shapira Realty Company, his wife, Gertrude Shapira, and Mayer Shapira, all resided at this address. Moses C. Shapira also was a jeweler and a partner with his brother Albert Shapira in the firm Albert Shapira & Brother, Diamonds and Jewelry. Moses Shapira (1846-1951) was born in Lithuania, came to St. Paul in 1880, moved to Minneapolis in 1929, and died at the age of 105. The house subsequently has been converted to a duplex. Moses C. Shapira ( -1934) died in Ramsey County. Albert I. Shapira (1874-1957) was born outside of Minnesota and died in Ramsey County. The current owner of record of the property is Thomas J. Vonrueden. Thomas J. Von Rueden, M.D. is a graduate of the University of Minnesota Medical School, is a diplomate of the American Board of Thoracic Surgery, and is a CardioThoracic surgeon with Cardiovascular Surgeons of Saint Paul. [See note on Johnston for 476 Summit Avenue.]

1978 Summit Avenue: George T. Withy House; Built in 1913; Tudor Villa in style; Peter J. Linhoff, architect. The structure is a two story, 3035 square foot, 11 room, five bedroom, two bathroom, three half-bathroom, brick house, with a detached garage. Construction cost for the house was $7,000. Oakland Cemetery Association records indicate that Mrs. Maggie B. Shaw resided at this address in 1909. The 1918 city directory indicates that Mr. and Mrs. G. T. Withy and Mrs. W. R. Shaw all resided at this address. The 1924 city directory indicates that Mr. and Mrs. G. T. Withy and Mrs. Margaret Shaw all resided at this address. The 1930 city directory indicates that Mrs. Mabel S. Withy, the widow of George T. Withy, resided at this address. The 1939 St. Paul Academy Alumni Directory indicates that John T. Withy (1918- ,) who attended the school from 1929 until 1936 and attended the University of Minnesota, resided at this address. George T. Withy was a member of the Railroad Printing Company of St. Paul and married Mabel Shaw. George Thomas Withy ( -1926) died in Ramsey County. Mabel Shaw Withy (1877-1969) was born outside of Minnesota, had a mother with a maiden name of Bell, and died in Ramsey County. George Shaw Withy (1914-1983) was born in Minnesota, had a mother with a maiden name of Shaw, and died in Hennepin County. John T. Withy (1918-1983) was born in Minnesota, had a mother with a maiden name of Shaw, and died in Ramsey County. The current owners of record of the property are Annette Whaley and John P. Whaley. John P. Whaley, a venture capitalist with Northwest Equity Partners, was a contributor to the George W. Bush for President campaign in 2004. [See note on Linhoff for 361 Summit Avenue.]

1969 Summit Avenue: Edward G. Riedel and Hulda Riedel House; Built in 1925 (1926 according to Ramsey County property tax records); Tudor Revival/Tudor Villa in style; H. M. Elmer, architect. The structure is a 2 1/2 story (two story according to Ramsey County property tax records,) 3497 square foot, nine room, five bedroom, three bathroom, one half-bathroom, masonry and frame house, with an attached garage. The house cost $16,000 to construct. The house is an English bond brick structure with an intersecting gable slate-roofed steeply pitched roof which has one hipped dormer and one shed dormer. The house has a complex roofline. It also has wood family crests on its timber brackets and carved floral motifs in its bargeboards. The 1930 city directory indicates that Edward G. Riedel, the president of Sanitary Farm Daries Inc., and his wife, Hulda Riedel, resided at this address. The 1939 St. Paul Academy Alumni Directory indicates that Harley E. Riedel (1916- ,) who was born in St. Paul, who attended the school from 1929 until 1935, and who attended Carlton College and the University of Minnesota, and Roy L. Reidel (1921- ,) who was born in St. Paul and who attended the school from 1932 until 1936, both resided at this address. Edward G. Riedel was the vice president of the Sanitary Farm Dairies and was promoted to president of the firm in 1926. Hulda Riedel ( -1927) died in Ramsey County. The last sale of this property was in 2003 and the sale price was $951,000. The current owner of record of the property is Thomas J. Von Rueden, who also owns 1979 Summit Avenue.

1964 Summit Avenue: Charles Miller House; Built in 1955; Contemporary Georgian Revival in style; Roy A. Spandle, architect. The structure is a two story, 1924 square foot, eight room, four bedroom, one bathroom, one half-bathroom, aluminum/vinyl-sided house, with a detached garage. The cost to build the house was $18,000. The current owner of record of the property is Craig Randall Miller.

1960 Summit Avenue: Valentine O'Malley House; Built in the 1950's according to Sandeen (1956 according to Ramsey County property tax records); Bungalow in style. The structure is a one story, 1666 square foot, seven room, three bedroom, two bathroom, one half-bathroom, frame rambler, with a detached garage. The previous owner of record of the property was the trustee of Valentine O'Malley and the current owner of record is Susan O. Kosel. Valentine O'Malley was appointed by Mayor Randy Kelly to the Saint Paul Parks and Recreation Commission in 2003. Dr. Valentine O'Malley was a medical consultant with the Minnesota Department of Health in 1993 and was the medical advisor to the Public Employees Retirement Association in 1999. Valentine O'Malley, M.D., was a member of the Environmental Health and Occupational Medicine Subcommittee of the Minnesota Medical Association in 2003.

1959 Summit Avenue: George K. Gann House; Built in 1924; Tudor Villa in style; Mather & Fleischbein, architects. The structure is a two story, 2741 square foot, eight room, four bedroom, three bathroom, one half-bathroom, stucco house, with an attached garage. The cost to build the house was $10,000. The 1930 city directory indicates that George K. Gann resided at this address prior to moving to Chicago in that same year and that Myrtle Chasensky was a maid at this address. The property was last sold for $725,000 and that sale occurred in 2003. The current owner of record of the property is Peggy A. Rupp. John Rupp and Peggy Rupp opened the W. A. Frost restaurant at 374 Selby Avenue in 1975.

1954 Summit Avenue: William J. Saint Onge House; Built in the 1950's (1955 according to Ramsey County property tax records); Contemporary in style. The structure is a 2095 square foot, eight room, three bedroom, two bathroom, split entry frame house, with a detached garage. The previous owners of record of the property were Margaret K. Diblasio and Raymond J. Diblasio and the current owner of record is Margaret K. Diblasio. Margaret Klempay Diblasio was the head of the art education program at the University of Minnesota in 1985 and also was a faculty member of the 1985 Getty Institute for Educators on the Visual Arts. Raymond J. Diblasio (1936-1998) was a historic preservationist who played a key role in getting the western section of Summit Avenue in St. Paul listed on the National Register of Historic Places, moved from his native state of Ohio to Minnesota in 1978, was a former teacher of philosophy, was an ordained priest, established the first alternative draft counseling center at Youngstown State University, and founded Human Options Inc. Drs. Margaret Diblasio and Raymond Diblasio developed the smART curriculum.

1953 Summit Avenue: Louis A. Weidenborner House; Built in 1919 (1920 according to Ramsey County property tax records); Early Modern Georgian Revival in style; Morin Westmark, architect. It cost $10,500 to build the house. The house is a two story brick and stucco, 2587 square foot, eight room, three bedroom, two bathroom, one half-bathroom structure with an intersecting gable jerkinhead roof and a detached garage. The house has an asymmetrical design. It also has brick window quoins, overhanging eaves, and an arched hood over the doors. The 1979-1982 Summit Avenue architectural survey analyst indicates that the house is noted for its eclectic details. Minnesota Historical Society records indicate that Louis A. Weidenborner resided at this address from 1920 to 1931. The 1924 city directory indicates that Mr. and Mrs. L. A. Weidenborner resided at this address. The 1930 city directory indicates that Louis A. Weidenborner and his wife, Helen H. Weidenborner, resided at this address. Louis A. Weidenborner was the president/treasurer of the American Home Furnishing Company. The property last sold in 1996 for $287,500. The current owners of record of the property are Cristiana Giordano and David A. Kristal. David A. Kristal, the C.E.O. of Embers Restaurants, was a contributor to the George W. Bush for President campaign in 2004. David A. Kristal is the oldest son of Henry Kristal. David Kristal leads three Twin Cities-based companies, Embers America, Joey's Seafood & Grill, and Augeo. Prior to founding Augeo, David Kristal attended the University of Minnesota's Carlson School of Management and Stanford University's School of Law, was an executive at a leading outsourcing services company, and practiced law for a boutique litigation firm in Minneapolis. Henry Kristal was a co-founder, with Carl Birnberg, of Midwest restaurant chain "Embers Restaurants," which opened on Lake Street in Minneapolis in 1956, who was inducted into the Minnesota Restaurant Association Hospitality Hall of Fame in 2005. The Kristal family moved to St. Paul from Joliet, Illinois, in 1937.

1950 Summit Avenue: J. F. George House; Built in 1911; Bungalow in style; Ellerbe-Round, architects. The structure is a one story, 1704 square foot, seven room, three bedroom, two bathroom, frame bungalow, with a detached garage. The cost to build the house was $3,200. Oakland Cemetery Association records indicate that John Franklin George resided at this address in 1914. The 1918 and 1924 city directories indicate that Mr. and Mrs. J. F. George resided at this address. Oakland Cemetery Association records indicate that John F. George (1859-1925,) the husband of Nellie R. George, who was born in Indiana to parents who were born in the United States and who died of arteriosclerosis and nephritis, resided at this address in 1925. The 1930 city directory indicates that Edwin O. Swanson, a physician with an office at 971 East Seventh Street, and his wife, Mae Swanson, resided at this address. John Franklin George ( -1925) and Nellie R. George ( -1927) both died in Ramsey County. The current owners of record of the property are Larry D. Starns and Mary Beth Carlson Starns. Larry D. Starns is a lawyer, is assistant general counsel for the Minnesota State Colleges and Universities System (MnSCU,) and is president of the board of the Soo Line Credit Union.

1944 Summit Avenue: Dr. John C. Nelson House; Built in 1912; Craftsman/Tudor Revival/Tudor Villa in style; Arthur C. Clausen, architect. The structure is a two story, 3277 square foot, ten room, five bedroom, two bathroom, one half-bathroom, masonry and frame house, with a detached garage. The construction cost for the house was $9,000. The house is a 2 1/2 story Flemish bond red brick half-timbered structure with a bellcast intersecting gable roof which has two bellcast gable dormers. The house also has one chimney. Its entry faces west rather than towards the street. It also has an oriel window and a porch with three segmented arched windows. Dr. John C. Nelson was a medical doctor and was also vice consul to Denmark. The 1918 city directory indicates that Mr. and Mrs. J. C. Nelson, Dr. L. A. Nelson, Dr. Edgar Nelson, and Mrs. Anna Nelson all resided at this address. World War I veteran Louis A. Nelson resided at this address in 1919. The 1920 city directory indicates that Clarence A. Cushman, a general superintendent employed by the Swift & Company, resided at the former nearby . C. A. Cushman resided at this address in 1924. The 1924 city directory indicates that Mr. and Mrs. C. A. Cushman resided at this address. Oakland Cemetery Association records indicate that John S. Priedeman (1849-1926,) the husband of Mary K. Priedeman, who was born in Wisconsin to parents born in Germany and who died of coronary sclerosis and angina pectoris, resided at this address in 1926. The 1930 city directory indicates that Mrs. Mary K. Priedman, the widow of John S. Priedeman, G. Walter Priedeman, and his wife, Cecil Priedeman, all resided at this address. John C. Nelson ( -1924,) John S. Priedeman ( -1926,) Mary K. Priedeman ( -1935,) and Clarence Alphonso Cushman ( -1945) all died in Ramsey County. The current owner of record of the property is Eileen M. Cullen. [See the note for Swift & Company for 110 Robie Street West.]

1943 Summit Avenue: Louis L. Dow/Louis F. Dow House; Built in 1913 (Sandeen and Larson); Tudor Villa in style; Clarence H. Johnston, Sr., architect. The structure is a two story, 4396 square foot, 11 room, five bedroom, four bathroom, two half-bathroom, stucco house, with a detached garage, which last sold in 1998 for $640,000. The house cost $10,000 to construct (Sandeen and Larson.) The 1918 city directory indicates that Mr. and Mrs. L. F. Dow resided at this address. The 1920 city directory indicates that Louis F. Dow, the president and treasurer of the Louis F. Dow Company, lithographers, printers, stationers, and office furniture dealers located at 381 Jackson Street, resided at this address. The 1924 city directory indicates that Mr. and Mrs. L. F. Dow resided at this address. The 1930 city directory indicates that Louis F. Dow resided at this address. The 1964 St. Paul Academy Alumni Directory indicates that Mark Paper, a member of the Class of 1950, resided at this address. Louis F. Dow was a St. Paul businessman who, in 1915, was involved with the Capitol City Athletic Club/Boxing Club of St. Paul, a boxing promotion business. The boxing club was sold by Dow to James Connolly in 1916. The Louis F. Dow Company was formed in 1899 and was an advertising specialty company. Dow utilized pin-ups in his advertising art, employing artists such as Billy De Vorss, Gillette A. Elvgren, Ruth Deckard, and Edward D'Ancona. A native of St. Joseph, Missouri, Billy De Vorss worked out of New York's Greenwich Village from the mid-1930's until his return to the Midwest in the early 1950's. His earliest calendar girls appeared under the Louis F. Dow imprint. Gillette A. Elvgren created art deco-ish pin-ups for publisher Louis F. Dow from the late 1930's into the 1940's, but it was his long run with the calendar company, Brown & Bigelow, that sealed his fame. Chicago-area artist Ruth Deckard worked for Louis F. Dow in the late 1940's and into the 1950's. A prolific contributor of calendar-girl art to numerous companies, from Chicago, Edward D'Ancona's earliest works appear to have been for Louis F. Dow. The Louis F. Dow Co., stationers and bank designers, also had an architectural department, employing St. Paul architect Carl Herbert Buetow (1893-1987) in his formative years. Louis Dow ( -1927) died in Ramsey County. Louis F. Dow (1877-1971) was born in Minnesota, had a mother with a maiden name of McCullough, and died in Ramsey County. Carl H. Buetow (1893-1987) was born in Minnesota, had a mother with a maiden name of Ramlow, and died in Ramsey County. The current owners of record of the property are William Hills Gamble and Anne Rachel Labovitz. Anne R. Labovitz was a financial supporter of Minnesota Public Radio in 2005. Anne Labovitz, a portrait painter, was born and raised on the shores of Lake Superior, in Duluth, Minnesota, had an adobe home in the mountains of northern New Mexico after 1982, then lived in Zurich, Switzerland, and moved to Hannover, Germany, in 2005 with her husband, Bill Gamble, and their three children. [See note on Johnston for 476 Summit Avenue.]

1941 Summit Avenue: J. L. Hoffman House; Built in 1925 (1926 according to Ramsey County property tax records;) Twenties Villa in style. The structure is a two story, 3536 square foot, 12 room, five bedroom, five bathroom, one half-bathroom, stucco house, with a detached garage. The cost to build the house was $18,000. During World War I, representing the Dean Family of St. Paul, Mr. and Mrs. Archibald MacLaren, Mr. and Mrs. William B. Dean, Mr. and Mrs. William J. Dean, Mr. and Mrs. Sidney B. Dean, Mr. and Mrs. John N. Jackson, and Mr. and Mrs. Frank W. Lightner of St. Paul, and Mr. and Mrs. S. H. De Forest of Babylon, New York, donated a car to the American Field Service in France as a memorial to John Nicols Haupt. The 1930 city directory indicates that William P. MacMicking, the secretary-treasurer of the St. Paul Baseball Club, his wife, Florence MacMicking, Evelyn MacMicking, a clerk, Marjorie MacMicking, and James S. Thompson all resided at this address. In 1934, Archibald Dean MacLaren and Helen Gage MacLaren resided at this address. The MacLarens were members of the Minikahda Country Club, the University Club, and the Women's City Club of St. Paul in 1934. Helen Gage MacLaren was a graduate of Vassar College. The 1906 Jubilee Manual of the House of Hope Presbyterian Church indicates that Dr. Archibald MacLaren, a member of the church since 1871, Mary K. (Mrs. A.) MacLaren, a member of the church since 1879, and Margaret MacLaren, a member of the church since 1906, all resided at 412 Holly Avenue. John L. Hoffman (1890-1978) was born in Minnesota, had a mother with a maiden name of Brown, and died in Ramsey County. William B. Dean ( -1922,) Archibald MacLaren ( -1924,) Frank Waterman Lightner ( -1928,) William J. Dean ( -1941,) and James Thompson ( -1954) all died in Ramsey County. The current owner of record of the property is the U. S. Bank Trust National Association Trust.

1936 Summit Avenue: Victor Ingemann House; Built in 1912 (1913 according to Ramsey County property tax records;) Period Revival/Tudor Revival/Craftsman/Tudor Villa in style; Ingemann & Co., architect and builder. The structure is a two story, 3004 square foot, 12 room, five bedroom, three bathroom, one half-bathroom, brick house, with a detached garage, which last sold in 1991 for $237,500. The house cost $6,000 to construct. The house is a 2 1/2 story brick and half-timbered structure with an intersecting and multiple gabled ceramic tile roof. The brickwork is in a herringbone pattern. It has an open porch and two ornate chimneys. It also has a symmetrical facade. The porch bargeboards were carved in Denmark by a relative of Ingemann's. Oakland Cemetery Association records indicate that Jerry William Jorgenson, the father of an infant son, who was born in the United States, resided at this address in 1914. The 1918 city directory indicates that Mr. and Mrs. Victor Ingemann resided at this address. William Ingeman (1897- ), a Cadet, and Charles N. Ingemann (1893- ), a Sergeant, were World War I veterans who resided at this address in 1919. The records of the 1919-1920 Minnesota World War I Soldier’s Bonus Board indicate that Charles M. Ingemann (1893- ,) a 1912 enlistee and a Sergeant, who was born in St. Paul, had blue eyes, light hair, and a fair complexion, was five foot, ten inches tall, was an engineer upon induction, served on the Mexican Broder in 1916-1917, was discharged due to a disability, and was employed as a hoisting engineer by the Ingemann Company, 1930 St. Anthony Avenue, resided with his wife, Iene Ingemann, at this address. The 1924 city directory indicates that Mrs. Dorothy Ingemann, William Ingemann, and James Laurence all resided at this address. The 1930 city directory indicates that Henry A. Brandtjen, the secretary-treasurer of Brandtjen & Kjuge, and his wife, Gladys Brandtjen, resided at this address. John Scanlon owned the house in 1982. Victor Ingemann (1877-1922) founded the Ingemann Brothers contracting company with his brother George Ingemann in 1884. When Lars P. Jorgenson joined the firm, it became Ingemann & Company. The firm designed hundreds of houses and business buildings in the Twin Cities. Charles M. Ingemann was a son of Victor Ingemann and Dora Ingemann. William Ingemann was born in St. Paul and was educated at the University of Minnesota (1915-1922) and the American Academy in Rome. He served in World War I as an ambulance driver and as an engineer for the American Red Cross. During World War II, William Ingemann served as a major in the Army Air Corps and, after the war, in 1945, was in partnership with Milton Bergstedt until 1958. Ingemann retired in 1961, moved to Mexico in 1965, and died there. Elmer L. Anderson (1910-2005) was born in Illinois, grew up in Michigan, had his parents divorce, had polio at age 9, lost his mother at age 15, lost his father at age 16, was initially employed as a factory worker and a door-to-door salesman, graduated from the Business School at the University of Minnesota, married Eleanor Johnson, was employed by the glue company, H. B. Fuller, in 1934, became the president of H. B. Fuller in 1941, was elected to the Minnesota State Senate as a liberal Republican, sponsored the 1957 ground-breaking Fair Employment Practices Act, which banned discrimination based on race, was Governor of Minnesota from 1961 to 1963, lost reelection in 1962 to Karl Rolvaag by 91 votes after a four month recount, returned to H. B. Fuller and remained as Fuller's CEO until 1976, created ECM, a company that published newspapers in small cities and suburbs, served on numerous foundations and boards, including chairman of the University of Minnesota's Board of Regents, donated to the University of Minnesota library his lifetime collection of more than 12,000 books, and became known as "Minnesota's leading citizen." There is an Elmer L. Anderson Chair in Corporate Responsibility at the Carlson School of Management at the University of Minnesota. Charles N. Ingemann (1893-1972) was born in Minnesota, had a mother with a maiden name of Laurison, and died in Stearns County, Minnesota. Henry A. Brandtjen (1890-1962) was born in Minnesota, had a mother with a maiden name of Ott, and died in Ramsey County. The current owners of record of the property are Jacqueline S. Nakasone and John G. Nakasone. John Nakasone operates Painting by Nakasone, Inc., and was a contributor to the Republican National Committee in 2002.

1935 Summit Avenue: Fannie Olkon House; Built in 1922; Prairie Style/Early Modern Rectilinear in style; W. D. Blumenthal, Inc., architect and builder. The structure is a two story, 3183 square foot, 14 room, six bedroom, three bathroom, stucco house, with a detached garage. The house cost $10,000 to construct. The house is a two story brick and wood frame structure with an intersecting hipped roof. The house has one chimney, a three bay facade, a two story sleeping and sun porch, an oriel window in the center of the second story, and an unusual large rounded arch hood. The 1930 city directory indicates that Mrs. Fannie Olkon, Diana Olkon, an instructor, Ivan A. Olkon, a salesman, and Lt. Col. Wildurr Willing, district engineer for the U. S. Army Corps of Engineers, all resided at this address. Fannie Olkon was the vice president and secretary of W. D. Blumenthal, Inc., a construction company. The current owners of record of the property are Joseph J. Westermeyer and Rachel M. Westermeyer. Joseph J. Westermeyer, M.D., M.P.H., Ph.D., is a professor in the department of psychiatry at the University of Minnesota and chief of psychiatry at the Minneapolis VA Hospital.

1926 Summit Avenue: Carolyn Dohs House; Built in 1925; Early Modern Rectilinear in style; C. A. Lee Co., architects. The structure is a two story, 3760 square foot, 14 room, six bedroom, two bathroom, stucco house, with a detached garage. The house was built for $8,000. Caroline Harriet Dohs (1871-1962) was born outside of Minnesota, had a mother with a maiden name of Crombie, and died in Ramsey County. The current owners of record of the property are Jacqueline S. Nakasone and John G. Nakasone, who reside at 1936 Summit Avenue.

1923 Summit Avenue: E. A. Jackson House; Built in 1926; Tudor Villa in style; Liebenberg & Kaplan, architects. The structure is a two story, 3953 square foot, 15 room, eight bedroom, four bathroom, one half-bathroom, stucco house, with a detached garage. The cost to build the house was $20,000. The 1930 city directory indicates that Henry B. Christian, his wife, Mary E. Christian, and Mrs. Annie F. Paper, the widow of Louis Paper, resided at this address. In 1934, Ernest A. Jackson, Clara Arth Jackson, Dorothy Jackson, and Ernest A. Jackson, Jr., resided at this address and were members of the Town and Country Country club, the St. Paul Athletic Club, the Minikahda Club, and the Women's Club of St. Paul. Henry Bonnell Christian (1904-1977) was born in Minnesota, had a mother with a maiden name of Bonnell, and died in Ramsey County. Annie F. Paper ( -1944) and Ernest A. Jackson ( -1947) died in Ramsey County. The Minikahda Country Club, in Minneapolis, was founded in 1898 and hosted the U. S. Open Golf Tournament in 1915. Ernest A. Jackson ( -1947) died in Ramsey County. Ernest A. Jackson ( -1940) died in St. Louis County, Minnesota. Ernest A. Jackson (1912-1977) was born in Minnesota, had a mother with a maiden name of Arth, and died in Ramsey County. The current owners of record of the property are Michael J. Conter and Carol J. Janson. Anne White, a self-employed photographer who indicated this address in 2004, was a contributor to the Howard Dean for President campaign in 2004.

1920 Summit Avenue: Dr. M. N. Moss House; Built in 1931; Spanish Colonial in style; Sal Goldie, architect. The structure is a two story, 4073 square foot, 16 room, eight bedroom, four bathroom, stucco house, with a detached garage, which last sold in 1991 for $225,000. The house cost $12,000 to construct. The 1930 city directory indicates that Charles N. Dohs, a lawyer and a partner in the law firm of Edgerton, Dohs, and Edgerton, located at the Anchor Insurance Company, his wife, Caroline H. Dohs, Henry Hansen, a purchasing agent employed by the Northern Pacific RailRoad, and his wife, Jane Hansen, all resided at this address. In 1934, John A. Maher, Florence Murray Maher, Mary J. Maher, and John A. Maher, Jr., resided at this address. The Maher family were members of the Minikahda Country Club in 1934. Charles Dohs ( -1938) died in Ramsey County. John A. Maher (1887-1959) was born outside of Minnesota, had a mother with a maiden name of Smith, and died in Ramsey County. Florence M. Maher (1886-1977) was born in Minnesota, had a mother with a maiden name of McDonald, and died in Ramsey County. The property was last sold in 1991 with a sale price of $225,000. The previous owner of record of the property was William G. Graves and the current owners of record are Beverley G. Noel and Michael J. Noel.

1917 Summit Avenue: Feldstein and Miller House/Alexander Place Condo; Built in 1925; Twenties Villa in style; Feldstein & Miller, architects; Ralph Rapson, renovation architect. The original house was built for $20,000. Unit #1 is a 2300 square foot, nine room, four bedroom, two bathroom, stucco condominium, which was last sold in 1997 for $275,000, and which is currently owned by Caroline J. Frenette and Donald H. Frenette. Unit #2 is a 2300 square foot, nine room, five bedroom, four bathroom, stucco condominium, which was last sold in 1999 for $345,000, and which is currently owned by Thomas H. Keller. The 1930 city directory indicates that Fernand B. Baer, his wife, Cora Baer, Nathaniel S. Bangs, a partner in the live stock firm of Bangs & Terry, and his wife, Ruth Bangs, all resided at this address. The 1939 St. Paul Academy Alumni Directory indicates that Nathaniel S. Bangs, a member of the Class of 1911, resided at this address. The 1950 St. Paul Academy Alumni Directory indicates that Nathaniel S. Bangs, who attended the school from 1910 until 1911, resided at this address. The 1978 Church of Jesus Christ of Latter Day Saints, Saint Paul First Ward, directory indicates that Gloria Marie Gutierrez resided at this address. Fernand B. Baer (1892-1957) was born outside of Minnesota, had a mother with a maiden name of Flarsheim, and died in Ramsey County. Nathaniel Swift Bangs (1890-1956) was born outside of Minnesota, had a mother with a maiden name of Swift, and died in Ramsey County.

1916 Summit Avenue: William Dunn/Dr. Tilendaier House; Built in 1926; Early Modern Rectilinear in style; O. H. Rundquist, architect. The structure is a two story, 3072 square foot, 12 room, six bedroom, three bathroom, stucco house, with a detached garage. The 1930 city directory indicates that William W. Dunn, a sales manager employed by the Hamms Brewing Company, his wife, Evaline Dunn, and Mrs. Ursula S. Wheaton all resided at this address. William Dunn, William Hamm's business manager, was the intermediary between the Barker-Karpis Gang, the kidnappers of William Hamm, president of Hamm's Brewery, in 1933, and the Hamm family, and lived at this home. Apparently unbeknownst to William Hamm, Dunn had also served as the conduit for underworld payoff money to corrupt St. Paul policemen. Construction of the building cost $13,000. Oakland Cemetery Association records indicate that Charles Augustus Wheaton (1863-1916,) who was born in New York to parents born in the United States and who died of interstitial nephritis, was the husband of Ursula Wheaton and resided at 442 Summit Avenue in 1916. William Wallace Dunn (1882-1967) was born outside of Minnesota and died in Ramsey County. Mrs. Ursula Stewart Wheaton ( -1943) died in Ramsey County. The current owners of record of both units on the property are June M. Gust and Robert P. Gust. Robert P. Gust is a lawyer who was the subject of a disciplinary action of a nine month suspension of his law license by the Minnesota Supreme Court in 1996, based on falsely claiming, for a six year period, for property tax purposes, homestead status for rental property that he owned, rented to others, and did not occupy as his homestead, and failing to timely file federal and state individual income tax returns for the years 1988, 1989, 1990, and 1992.

1912 Summit Avenue: Warren Seeley/Seely House; Built in 1911; Early Modern Rectilinear in style; C. A. Pear, architect. The structure is a two story, 2198 square foot, eight room, four bedroom, one bathroom, one half-bathroom, stucco house, with a detached garage, which last sold in 2004 for $725,000. The construction cost for the house was $6,000. The 1918 city directory indicates that Mr. and Mrs. W. W. Lewis resided at this address. World War I veteran William W. Lewis resided at this address in 1919. The 1924 city directory indicates that Dr. and Mrs. W. W. Lewis resided at this address. The 1930 city directory indicates that William W. Lewis, a partner in the oculist and aurist practice of Lewis & Leavenworth, located at the Lowry Medical Arts Building, and his wife, Barbara Lewis, resided at this address. William W. Lewis (1903-1970) was born outside of Minnesota, had a mother with a maiden name of Stutt, and died in Hennepin County. The current owners of record of the property are Steven J. Keough and Jean M. Lageson. Jean Lageson M. D. is a doctor who practices pathology and internal medicine in St. Paul. Steven Keogh and Jean Lageson were financial supporters of Cretin-Derham Hall in 2005-2006.

1911 Summit Avenue: Built in 1928. The structure is a two story, 2410 square foot, nine room, four bedroom, two bathroom, one half-bathroom, stucco house, with a detached garage. The 1930 city directory indicates that Joseph Braufman and his wife, Sofia Braufman, resided at this address. Joseph Braufman ( -1947) died in Ramsey County. The current owners of record of the property are Ruth Brombach and William A. Brombach. William A. Brombach, M. D., was a 1979 graduate of St. Thomas Academy, graduated from St. Louis University Medical School in 1987, did his residency at the Hennepin County Medical Center, specializes in internal medicine, and is the Medical Director for the HealthEast Midway Clinic. Ruth Haag Brombach is a graduate of the College of St. Catherine and the executive director of the CSC Alumnae Association.

1906 Summit Avenue: A. N. Thome House; Built in 1926; Spanish Colonial Revival in style; A. S. Thome, architect. The structure is a two story, 2699 square foot, 12 room, six bedroom, three bathroom, stucco house, with a detached garage. The house was built for $12,500. The 1930 city directory indicates that Bert B. Beveridge, a traveling salesman, his wife, Arka T. Beveridge, Edward F. Sands, Jr., vice president of Robinson Cary & Sands Company, and his wife, Winifred Sands, all resided at this address. Adolf Nicholas Thome (1892-1978) was born in Minnesota, had a mother with a maiden name of Mose, and died in Ramsey County. Edward F. Sands ( -1934) died in Ramsey County. The current owner of record of the property is Leanne K. Greenheck. Anne C. Russell, a financial planner who indicated this address in 2004, was a contributor to the John Kerry for President campaign in 2004. Leanne Greenheck is a nurse who is employed by Aspen Medical and donated to America Coming Together in 2004. Leanne Greenheck was a financial supporter of Visitation Convent in 2005-2006. Merrell Peters, self employed, a resident at this address, contributed to the Barack Obama for President campaign in 2007-2008.

1905 Summit Avenue: William J. Huch House; Built in 1928; Spanish Colonial/Spanish Colonial Revival in style; L. G. Scherer Co., of Los Angeles, California, architect, and Albin Wall, builder. The structure is a two story, 2749 square foot, ten room, five bedroom, three bathroom, one half-bathroom, stucco house, with a detached garage. The cost to build the house was $15,000. The house is a two story stucco structure with an intersecting gable red ceramic tile roof. There is one chimney which has chimney pots. The house is "L" shaped and includes a low stucco covered wall. It also has curvilinear buttressing piers and a wrought iron balcony. Minnesota Historical Society records indicate that William J. Huch resided at this address from 1928 to 1954. The 1930 city directory indicates that William J. Huch and his wife, Irene Huch, resided at this address. William J. Hoch was the treasurer of the Capitol City Lumber Company. Albin F. Wall ( -1949) died in Hennepin County. The current owners of record of the property are Sharon Davis Luikart and V. Francis Luikart II. Dr. Sharon Luikart received her M.D. from Duke University, did her Internal Medicine residency at Duke University, did her subspecialty training in Hematology/Oncology at Yale University, is the chief of hematology/oncology at the Veterans Administration Medical Center in Minneapolis and is a professor of medicine at the University of Minnesota.

1902 Summit Avenue: P. J. McGuire House; Built in 1928; Twenties Villa in style; Ben Lindahl, architect. The structure is a two story, 3675 square foot, 12 room, five bedroom, two bathroom, two half-bathroom, stucco house, with a detached garage. The house cost $15,000 to build. The 1930 city directory indicates that Bernard Marx, his wife, Belle Marx, Merritt J. Osborn, the president-treasurer of Economics Laboratory Inc., and his wife, Susan Osborn, all resided at this address. In 1934, Merrit J. Osborn, Susan Bartley Osborn, Stephen Osborn, Edward Osborn, and Lillian Osborn resided at this address. Stephen Osborn and Edward Osborn were graduates of Dartmouth College. Lillian Osborn was a graduate of Wellesley College. The 1964 St. Paul Academy Alumni Directory indicates that Howard E. Kelly, Jr., a member of the Class of 1951, resided at this address. The Osborn family were members of the Minikahda Country Club, the St. Paul Athletic Club, and the Women's City Club of St. Paul. Merritt Osborn (1879- ) was the founder of Ecolab. In 1923, Henry Ford drove Merritt J. Osborn, an auto dealer, out of that business, causing him to develop a new product, Absorbit, which cleaned carpets on the spot and eliminated the need for hotels to shut down while their carpets were being cleaned, and a new company, Economics Laboratory, reflecting its mission to save customers time, labor and money with "economic" solutions developed through "laboratory" research. By 1924, Economics Laboratory employed Ida Koran, the company secretary, two young saleswomen, and a production manager. The company obtained a product in 1924, Soilax, from a chemistry student, for use in restaurant mechanical dishwashers. After graduating from Dartmouth College, Steve Osborn joined Economics Laboratory in 1927, eventually specializing in advertising and promotion. In 1928, the company invented and patented the first "wash boiler" dispenser, which injected Soilax into dishwashing machines. Economics Laboratory almost went under in 1933, when customers began defaulting in product payments, but after a company-wide salary reduction, the company netted a profit of $98.19 in 1934. In 1935, E. B. Osborn, M. J. Osborn's son, became company sales manager. In 1949, the company had 130 St. Paul employees, 200 salespeople, and 100 manufacturing employees. In 1957, Economics Laboratory had its first public stock offering. Bernard Marx ( -1940) died in Ramsey County. Patrick James McGuire (1878-1979) was born outside of Minnesota, had a mother with a maiden name of Keating, and died in Ramsey County. Merritt J. Osborn (1879-1960) was born outside of Minnesota and died in Ramsey County. Susan Bartley Osborn (1880-1956) was born outside of Minnesota and died in Ramsey County. Stephen A. Osborn (1905-1996) was born in Minnesota, had a mother with a maiden name of Bartley, and died in Ramsey County. Ida C. Koran (1893-1967) was born in Minnesota, had a mother with a maiden name of Mies, and died in Ramsey County. The property was last sold for $850,000 and that sale occurred in 2004. The current owners of record of the property are Karen J. Wahmanholm and Paul G. Wahmanholm. Paul Wahmanholm was a teacher at the Daytons Bluff school and now is an administrative intern and a literacy coach at the Daytons Bluff school.

1897 Summit Avenue: Dr. T. C. Fulton House; Built in 1910 (1912 according to Ramsey County property tax records;) Tudor Villa in style; H. J. Frandson, architect. The structure is a story, 3699 square foot, nine room, five bedroom, three bathroom, one half-bathroom, masonry and frame house, with two detached garages. The house cost $9,000 to build. Minnesota Historical Society records indicate that Thomas C. Fulton resided at this address from 1912 to 1915. C. A. McCann resided at this address in 1918. The 1918 and 1924 city directories indicate that Mr. and Mrs. C. A. McCann resided at this address. The 1930 city directory indicates that A. Amos McCree, a partner with Fred H. Mork and Guy Chase in the contracting firm, McCree & Company, and his wife, Alice B. McCree, resided at this address. In 1934, A. A. McCree and Alice Mills McCree resided at this address and were members of the University Club. Alice Mills McCree was a member of the Daughters of the American Revolution. Thomas C. Fulton, Jr., was the son of Thomas C. Fulton, Sr. (1830-1894,) and Margaret Magee Fulton (1834-1905,) was the brother of James Cooper Fulton (1874-1929,) and was a doctor. Scholarships at the University of Minnesota-Morris were established by Dorothybelle Kaufman and Edward Kaufman of Appleton, Minnesota, in memory of their parents, A. A. McCree and Alice Mills McCree and Andrew Kaufman and Kate McCoy Kaufman. The A. Amos McCree scholarship is given to a student majoring in mathematics or computer science, the Alice Mills McCree scholarship to a student majoring in theatre arts, the Andrew Kaufman scholarship to a student majoring in the natural sciences and the Kate McCoy Kaufman scholarship to a student majoring in elementary education. Thomas C. Fulton, Sr., was in the furniture business. Thomas C. Fulton, Sr., was born in Fallston, Beaver County, Pennsylvania, worked in a machine shop and bell foundry, worked on steam boats, was a steamboat chief engineer, married Margaret Magee in 1869, was in the furniture business in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, moved to St. Paul and resided at the Merchant's Hotel, them moved to White Bear Lake, Minnesota. Thomas C. Fulton, Sr., and Margaret Magee Fulton had five children, Thomas C. Fulton, Jr., Jane M. Fulton, James C. Fulton, Andrew F. Fulton, and Plenney A. Fulton. Thomas C. Fulton, Jr. (1871- ,) was born in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, moved to Minnesota with his family in 1872, graduated from the Shattuck School, Faribault, Minnesota, attended the University of Michigan from 1889 until 1890, graduated from Cornell University with a bachelor's degree in 1895 and from the Law School in 1898, graduated from the University of Minnesota Medical School, resided in White Bear Lake, Minnesota, was a member of the Phi Delta Theta Fraternity, was president of the White Bear Lake, Minnesota, village council, was a lawyer and a doctor, was a Republican, and was a member of the Minnesota House of Representatives representing Ramsey County (District 37) from 1899 until 1900 and from 1903 until 1906. Thomas C. Fulton, Sr., donated the bell for the bell tower of the St. John in the Wilderness Church in White Bear Lake, Minnesota. Thomas Cooper Fulton ( -1950) died in Ramsey County. Margaret M. Fulton (1886-1975) was born in Minnesota, had a mother with a maiden name of Wilson, and died in Hennepin County. Andrew Amos McCree (1883-1957) was born outside Minnesota, had a mother with a maiden name of Swan, and died in Hennepin County. Alice B. McCree (1885-1974) was born in Minnesota, had a mother with a maiden name of Bunting, and died in Ramsey County. James C. Fulton ( -1929) died in Ramsey County. Dorothy G. Kaufman ( -1975) had a mother with a maiden name of Wyland and died in Ramsey County. Andrew Kaufman (1867-1960) was born outside of Minnesota and died in Big Stone County, Minnesota. The current owners of record of the property are Judith M. Lutter and Lowell D. Lutter. Dr. Lowell D. Lutter is an assistant clinical professor at Gillette Children's Hospital in St. Paul and is a foot and ankle surgeon and specialist.

1896 Summit Avenue: A. Johnson House; Built in 1925; Tudor Revival/Twenties Villa in style; Nelson Benson, architect. The structure is a two story, 4130 square foot, 14 room, six bedroom, four bathroom, stucco house, with a detached garage. The house was built for $13,500. The property is on the Register of National Historic Places as a part of the West Summit Avenue Historic District. World War I veteran William B. Parker resided at this address in 1919. The 1930 city directory indicates that Samuel N. Field, his wife, Senta Field, and Samuel G. Heller, vice president of the Louis Silverstein Company, and his wife, Dot Heller, all resided at this address. William Parker ( -1920) died in Ramsey County. The property was last sold in 1992 with a sale price of $210,000. The previous owners of record of the property were Hoa P. Young and Stephen B. Young and the current owner of record of the property is Valorie L. Klemz. Stephen B. Young is the Global Executive Director of the Caux Round Table, an international network of senior business leaders dedicated to corporate social responsibility and better outcomes from globalization for poor nations and their peoples. He is also President of the Minnesota Public Policy Forum and a member of the Board of Ready 4K, a non-profit advocacy group seeking better results for young children. Young has been Assistant Dean of Harvard Law School, Dean and Professor of Law at Hamline Law School, and an adjunct professor at the University of Minnesota and at Minnesota State University-Mankato. Young was the founding board chair of the Center of the American Experiment and chaired the boards of United Arts and the Minnesota Museum of Art. He was a member of the Council on Foreign Relations in New York City, is a member of the American Law Institute, and is the editor of the Hmong Forum magazine. Hoa P. Young is the Small Business Liaison for the City of St. Paul, was a member of the Children's Services Committee of the City of St. Paul, and is a member of the Asian Pacific Cultural Center Capital Campaign Committee, a nonprofit organization that is proposing to build a $5.5 million, two-story, 45,000 square foot facility, as a component of a mixed-use development called "Unity Square Project," at the southeast corner of University Avenue and Dale Avenue in St. Paul.

1894 Summit Avenue: Warner Ogden House; Built in 1924 (1925 according to Ramsey County property tax records;) Mildly Tudor Revival/Tudor Villa in style; G. A. Anderson, architect and builder. The structure is a two story, 3232 square foot, 11 room, six bedroom, two bathroom, two half-bathroom, stucco house, with two detached garages. Construction cost for the house was $12,500. The 1978-1982 Ramsey County/St. Paul Architectural Survey fieldworker indicates that the house is a 2 1/2 story stucco and half-timbered (second floor) structure with a steeply pitched hipped roof which has one hipped dormer. It has one chimney. It also has an enclosed entrance porch with a steep bellcast hipped roof and a rounded arched door. The roofline of the structure is unusual. The 1930 city directory indicates that Warner Ogden, a physician with an office at 350 St. Peter Street, and his wife, Margaret Ogden, resided at this address. Warner Ogden was a physician who graduated from Carleton College in 1916. The Ogden-Wilkinson Scholarship Fund at Carleton College was established in 1980 by J. Humphrey Wilkinson, of the Class of 1916, and by gifts from Dr. Warner Ogden and his son, Dr. Harry S. Ogden, of the Class of 1945, in honor of J. Humphrey Wilkinson and his classmate and friend, Dr. Warner Ogden. The current owners of record of the property are Jeffery P. Cairns and Katherine A. Cairns. Katherine A. Cairns, MPH, MBA, previously was Commissioner of Public Health for the City of St. Paul, previously was the Director of the Medica State Public Programs at the Allina Health System and now is a health care consultant and the president of Summit Health Group, specializing in strategic planning for public organizations and agencies serving low income clients and clients with special health care needs. In 2003, Jeffry Cairns, a contributor to the Randy Kelly for Mayor campaign, resided at this address.

1890 Summit Avenue: W. J. Gilberson/A. L. Gilbertson House; Built in 1926; Colonial Revival/Georgian Revival in style; N. G. Persson, architect. The structure is a two story, 1980 square foot, seven room, four bedroom, one bathroom, one half-bathroom, stucco house, with a detached one car garage. The house cost $9,000 to build. The 1930 city directory indicates that William J. Gilberson resided at this address. The current owners of record of the property are the trustees of William I. Fine and Toby Silverman, located in Minneapolis. There is the William I. Fine Theoretical Physics Institute at the University of Minnesota, a major international center for research in theoretical physics. William I. Fine, a real estate developer, was the founder and managing general partner of Fine Associates of Minneapolis, was the original co-developer of Northgate Shopping Center in Decatur, Illinois, in 1998, and had a life-long interest in theoretical physics.

1889 Summit Avenue: A. L. Goffstein House; Built in 1926; Twenties Villa in style; Jay Axelrod, architect. The structure is a two story, 2636 square foot, eight room, three bedroom, one bathroom, one half-bathroom, stucco house, with two detached garages. Construction of the house cost $18,225. The 1930 city directory indicates that Abr. L. Goffstein, proprietor of the Goffstein Realty Company, and his wife, Sarah Goffstein, resided at this address. A. L. Goffstein ( -1953) died in Ramsey County. The current owners of record of the property are Jeanette A. Frederickson and Steven R. Frederickson.

1884 Summit Avenue: A. S. Fine House; Built in 1931; Spanish Colonial/Spanish Colonial Revival in style; Jacob Fine, architect. The structure is a two story, 2594 square foot, ten room, four bedroom, two bathroom, one half-bathroom, stucco house, with a detached garage. The house cost $16,500 to construct. Adolph S. Fine (1893-1988) was born outside of Minnesota, had a mother with a maiden name of Kraviecz, and died in Ramsey County. The current owners of record of the property are the trustees of William I. Fine and Toby Silverman, located in Minneapolis, who also own 1890 Summit Avenue.

1883 Summit Avenue: J. R. Fry House; Built in 1910; Tudor Revival/Craftsman/Bungalow/Tudor Villa in style; H. J. Frandsen, architect and builder. The structure is a two/2 1/2 story, 3909 square foot, 11 room, four bedroom, two bathroom, one half-bathroom, masonry and frame house, with a detached garage. The cost to build the house was $10,000. The house is a brick structure, half timbered on the second floor, with an intersecting gable roof, one chimney, heavy ornamentation, and a matching garage. The 1981-1982 architectural survey worker for Summit Avenue remarked that the house is lavishly adorned. Minnesota Historical Society records indicate that J. Rudolph Fry resided at this address from 1911 to 1942. The 1918 city directory indicates that Mr. and Mrs. J. R. Fry resided at this address. The 1924 city directory indicates that Mr. and Mrs. J. R. Fry and Mr. and Mrs. T. R. Fry resided at this address. The 1930 city directory indicates that John R. Fry, the secretary-treasurer of Owens Motor Sales, Inc., and his wife, Alice S. Fry, resided at this address. The 1939 St. Paul Academy Alumni Directory indicates that William Welz Fry (1915- ,) who was born in St. Paul, who attended the school from 1929 until 1934, who attended the University of Munich in 1937, who attended the University of Berlin in 1938, who was a 1938 graduate of Dartmouth College, who was employed at the Joseph A. Rogers Agency at the Lowry Building, and who pursued the hobbies of skiing, tennis, and photography, resided at this address. J. R. Fry was the secretary-treasurer of the Welz-Mangler Company. Frederick R. Welz (1833- ) was born in Berlin, Germany, came to the United States in 1874, moved to St. Paul in 1882, ran the Clarendon Hotel until selling it in 1886, purchased the Merchants Hotel in 1887 with his son-in-law and partner Dr. Christian Fry, opened Welz & Mangler, a wholesale wine house, purchased the Ryan Hotel with Fry in 1893, and resided at 1035 Summit Avenue in 1906. Frederick R. Welz married Marie Theresa Golpfert in 1857 and the couple had one daughter. Frederick Welz ( -1933) died in Hennepin County. The current owners of record of the property are Mary E. Bolkcom and L. Marshall Smith. Mary E. Bolkcom (1952- ) is a lawyer in and founding member of the law firm of Hanson, Marek, Bolkcom & Greene, Ltd. and was a member of the Fourth District Bar Association (Minneapolis) of the Minnesota State Bar Association in 2004. L. Marshall Smith and Mary Bolkcom were financial supporters of Cretin-Derham Hall High School in 2004-2005. L. Marshall Smith is a lawyer and successfully argued, on appointment by the Court, before the United States Supreme Court the case of Kenneth Eugene Bousley v. United States, 523 U.S. 614 (1998), on behalf of Kenneth Bousley, relating to the nature of a voluntary guilty plea in a drug trafficking and firearm use when misinformed by the District Court as to the nature of the charged crime case.

1874 Summit Avenue: G. A. Aston/Ashton House; Built in 1928; Tudor Revival/Tudor Villa in style; F. O. Peterson, architect. The structure is a two story, 5381 square foot, 12 room, six bedroom, four bathroom, one half-bathroom, stucco house, with a detached garage, which was last sold in 2000 for $753,000. The house cost $18,000 to build. The house is a three story brick structure with half timbering and with a slate intersecting gabled roof. It also has two chimneys. It has an overhanging gable end above the entry to the house and a porte cochere. The 1930 city directory indicates that Guy A. Ashton, the president of the G. A. Ashton Company, and his wife, Edrina M. Ashton, resided at this address. In 1934, Mr. and Mrs. G. A. Ashton resided at this address and were noted members of St. Paul society. Guy A. Ashton ( 1949) died in Ramsey County. The current owners of record of the property are Elisabeth S. Woodward and Todd G. Woodward.

1873 Summit Avenue: Lytton James Shields House; Built in 1912 (Sandeen; 1913 according to Larson;) Early Modern Rectilinear in style; Clarence H. Johnston, Sr., architect. The structure is a two story, 2842 square foot, nine room, four bedroom, three bathroom, one half-bathroom, stucco house, with a one car attached garage and a detached garage. The house cost $8,000 to construct (Sandeen; $10,000 according to Larson.) Minnesota Historical Society records indicate that Lytton J. Shields resided at this address from 1913 to 1931. The 1918 city directory indicates that Mr. and Mrs. L. J. Shields resided at this address. The 1924 city directory indicates that Mr. and Mrs. L. J. Lewis resided at this address. The 1930 city directory indicates that Lytton J. Shields, president of the National Battery Company, and his wife, Helen Shields, resided at this address. Lytton Shields (1883-1936) died in Ramsey County and was survived by his wife, Helen Burchard Shields ( -1950,) and one child, Cynthia Shields. Helen Burchard Shields was the sister of Henry Burchard, an executive at Gould National Batteries and a resident of West Saint Paul, Minnesota, who left an unrestricted gift of approximately $5.5 million to The Saint Paul Foundation. Henry McNiel Burchard was a World War I veteran who resided at the Angus Hotel in 1920. The 1939 St. Paul Academy Alumni Directory indicates that Lytton J. Shields ( -1938) attended the school from 1904 until 1905, mrried Helen Burchard, and the couple had one daughter, Cynthia Shields. Helen Shields was survived by her daughter. Cynthia Shields had four children, William Young, John Young, Robert Young, and Judith Young. Cynthia Shields ( -1993) was survived by her son, William Young, and by her daughter, Judith Young. William Young ( -1993) died shortly after his mother and was survived by his five children, Lori Bunker, John Young, James Young, Melissa Young, and Will Young and those grandchildren were involved in litigation over Lytton Shield's will and its application to them, in which the Minnesota Court of Appeals found that "grandchildren" does not include great-grandchildren and distinguished the case of In re Kittson's Estate, 177 Minn. 469, 225 N.W. 439 (1929), where the court decided the issue of whether or not the terms "nephews" and "nieces" in a will included grandnephews and grandnieces. Lytton J. Shields purchased the Electric Manufacturing Company of St. Paul, established by Bertram B. Down, Neil R. McLeod and Edgar A. Reed in 1906, before World War I, initially guided the company into the automotive battery distributorship business, and then into the manufacturing end of the battery business by pursuing an affordable way to make lead grids and connectors for batteries. After two years of research, the company went into battery production and was renamed the National Lead Battery Company. A combination of a small customer base, a fire which destroyed the battery factory, and a recession after World War I left National Lead Battery Company with great financial problems. The company rebounded when Shields acquired Montgomery Ward as its first national battery customer and then developed a way to produce replacement car batteries at one-qurter to one-eighth of the prior cost, and received national contracts with Goodrich, Goodyear, and Phillips, making it one of the largest producers of replacement batteries. It was renamed National Battery in the 1920's. In 1930, Shields' interest was drawn to a fiberglass method of insulating battery plates for which Gould Storage Battery Corporation held the patent. Shields saw an application for this process in the production of automotive batteries. Gould Electronics dated to the late 1800's, when Charles J. Gould started a small foundry to forge couplers for railroad cars and added other products to its line, including batteries for railcars. The growing market for storage batteries prompted Gould to expand his product line and change the business name to Gould Storage Battery Corporation. Gould produced storage batteries for use by trains, electric utilities, subways, elevators, and farms. Gould also became a principal supplier of submarine batteries to the United States Navy. In addition, Gould developed a battery for the rapidly growing automotive industry. By 1930, the company had become an established name in the battery industry and was one of the largest manufacturers of industrial batteries in the country. The ambitious Shields acquired Gould Storage Battery Corporation for $225,000. The fiberglass separator batteries were perfected for automobiles, and, in 1936, Shields introduced a significant advancement in the industry. The Kathanode Glass-Klad battery was guaranteed to last "as long as you own your car." At his death, Shields left behind a national company with branches in 16 cities and seven plants across the country. Shields' successor, Albert H. Daggett, expanded the business into the industrial battery market as a major supplier of batteries for submarines and aircraft and the company changed its name to Gould-National Batteries, Inc. Gould-National Battery struggled during the 1950's and 1960's, as costs grew faster than margins in replacement batteries. In 1958, Gould-National acquired from White Machine Works a group of companies that manufactured parts for internal combustion engines. Gould-National acquired another engine parts manufacturer, Wilkening Manufacturing Company, a manufacturer of piston rings and equipment rings for aircraft engines, in 1960. It also acquired Cyclone Filter Corporation, a manufacturer of air and fuel filters. Under William T. Ylvisaker as chief executive officer, Gould-National began to diversify and to move the company away from its reliance on the battery market, merging with Cleveland-based Clevite Corporation, a manufacturer of precision automotive parts, batteries, and electronic systems and components. From 1969 to 1976, Gould acquired 20 companies, including the makers of electronic controls, computer output devices, battery-related equipment, medical instrumentation, heating equipment parts, specialized electric motors, and electronic test and measurement equipment as well as a smelter and refiner of lead. Gould-National Batteries pioneered work in sealed-cell nickel cadmium batteries, helping to create a market for rechargeable appliances. Gould-National was purchased by the Nippon Mining Company in 1988. In 1928, Lytton J. Shields and Stanley E. Hubbard purchased KFOY, initially was known as the National Battery Broadcasting Company, changed its call name to KSTP, began to broadcast at 10,000 watts, and became NBC’s first radio affiliate. Lytton J. Shields also built a home at Dellwood, Minnesota, on the north side of White Bear Lake. Helen Grace Shields ( -1946) died in Ramsey County. Architect Edwin Hugh Lundie (1886-1972) is listed as designing a St. Paul residence for Lytton Shields. The current owners of record of the property are Ann Swanson and John B. Swanson. [See note on Johnston for 476 Summit Avenue.] [See note on the National Battery Broadcasting Company for 194 Summit Avenue.]

1866 Summit Avenue: E. J. Daly House; Built in 1912; Bungalow in style; E. J. Donahue, architect. The structure is a one story, 2245 square foot, seven room, four bedroom, two bathroom, one half-bathroom, brick house, with a detached garage. It cost $5,000 to build the house. The 1918 city directory indicates that Mr. and Mrs. E. J. Daly resided at this address. The 1920 city directory indicates that Eugene J. Daly resided at this address. The 1924 city directory indicates that Mr. and Mrs. E. J. Daly resided at this address. The 1930 city directory indicates that Eugene J. Daly and his wife, Elizabeth Daly, resided at this address. E. J. Daly constructed the Old Classroom Building at the University of St. Thomas in 1903, which was razed in 1965. Eugene J. Daly ( -1935) and Edward J. Daly ( -1937) both died in Ramsey County. The current owners of record of the property are Kenneth M. Nimmer and Elaine M. Yorkgitis. Kenneth Nimmer, REM, CEP, associated with IMPACT Planning, which provides environmental consulting and community planning services. Elaine M. Yorkgitis is employed by the Automotive Division of 3M. Elaine M. Yorkgitis is a 1985 graduate of Virginia Tech University and married Kenneth Nimmer in 1996.

1865 Summit Avenue: Jens Pedersen House; Built in 1922; Early Modern Rectilinear in style; Jens Pedersen, architect. The structure is a two story, 2803 square foot, 12 room, four bedroom, three bathroom, one half-bathroom, stucco house, with an attached garage and a detached garage, which last sold in 1998 for $525,000. The cost to build the house was $9,000. The 1930 city directory indicates that Jens Pedersen, a civil engineer who officed at the Globe Building, and his wife, Sophie Pedersen, resided at this address. Jens Pedersen ( -1941) died in Ramsey County. Jens Peder Pedersen (1897-1962) was born outside of Minnesota, had a mother with a maiden name of Pedersen, and died in Ramsey County. The current owners of record of the property are Brian J. Sweeney and Janice L. Sweeney.

1858 Summit Avenue: Ben Weed House; Built in 1912; Georgian Revival in style; Peter J. Linhoff, architect. The structure is a two story, 3105 square foot, ten room, four bedroom, three bathroom, brick house, with a detached garage. The house cost $5,500 to construct. The 1918 city directory indicates that Mr. and Mrs. Jacob Lampert resided at this address. World War I veteran Horace H. Lampert resided at this address in 1919. The 1924 city directory indicates that Mr. and Mrs. Jacob Lampert, their daughters, and H. H. Lampert all resided at this address. The 1930 city directory indicates that Jacob Lampert, the chairman of the board of Jake Lampert Yards, Inc., and his wife, Margaret Lampert, resided at this address. Horace H. Lampert ( -1938) was the son of Jacob Lampert, the founder of Lampert Yards, and became the president of the company in 1928. Horace Lampert successfully guided the company through the Great Depression and through the pre-war years and by 1937, Lampert Yards had a total of 53 yards. Horace Lampert died by drowning. Benjamin Kellogg Weed (1889-1974) was born in Minnesota, had a mother with a maiden name of Kellogg, and died in Waseca County, Minnesota. Jacob Lampert ( -1947) and Jacob Lampert ( -1948) both died in Ramsey County. Horace H. Lampert ( -1938) died in Washington County, Minnesota. The current owners of record of the property are Laura M. Kolar and Stephen J. Kolar. In 2003, Stephen Kolar was a contributor to the Randy Kelly for St. Paul Mayor campaign and resided at this address. Stephen J. Kolar M.D. is an internal medicine doctor with HealthPartners. Stephen Kolar, with Daniel D. Foley, is associated with East Metro Disease Initiative, a nonprofit educational institution. Stephen Kolar was a 1967 graduate of Cretin-Derham Hall and was a financial supporter of Cretin-Derham Hall High School in 2005-2006. Laura Kolar was a financial supporter of Guild Incorporated in 2003. [See note on Linhoff for 361 Summit Avenue.]

1855 Summit Avenue: Ben M. Hirschman House; Built in 1916 (1917 according to Ramsey County property tax records;) Classical Revival/Mission/Classical Rectilinear in style; Ralph Mather, architect. The structure is a two story, 6070 square foot, 16 room, seven bedroom, four bathroom, two half-bathroom, brick house, with a detached garage. The house cost $15,000 to construct. The 1981-1982 architectural survey worker for Summit Avenue remarked that the house is a 2 1/2 story brick structure with a hipped red tile roof. It has one chimney and an open porch with square and round Ionic columns. It also has a leaded glass door and terra cotta ridge flashing. The 1918 city directory indicates that Mr. and Mrs. B. M. Hirschman resided at this address. The 1924 city directory indicates that Mr. and Mrs. Ben Hirschman and Adolph Hirschman all resided at this address. The 1930 city directory indicates that William L. McKnight, the president of Minnesota Mining & Manufacturing Company, and his wife, Maude McKnight, resided at this address. In 1981, Judy Boss resided at this address. Ben M. Hirschman (1877- ) was the son of Adolph Hirschman and Rosie Cohn Hirschman and was a partner with his father in Hirschman & Co., which was a wholesale wines and liquor dealer. He married Maude Marion Rothschild in 1900 and the couple had three children, Joseph Rothschild Hirschman, Philip Stanley Hirschman, and Adrian Byron Hirschman. Ben M. Hirschman also was the president of J. Rothschild Co. in 1917-1918. William McKnight bought the house in 1925. William L. McKnight (1887-1978) was the third child born to Joseph McKnight and Cordelia McKnight, and was born in White, South Dakota. McKnight was an early Minnesota Mining & Manufacturing (3M) executive and spent 59 years with the company. He was a 20 year old business student when he was hired by 3M in 1907 as assistant book keeper, after the company had turned him down for a laborer's job in 1906. After becoming 3M's sales manager in 1911, he was the General Manager of 3M in 1914, became president in 1929, and then became the chairman of the 3M Board in 1949. McKnight married in 1915 and the couple had one daughter, Virginia McKnight Binger (1916-2002.) Minnesota Mining & Manufacturing was formed by a lawyer, a doctor, two railroad executives, and a meat market owner in 1902 in Two Harbors, Minnesota, expecting to get rich. When their supposed corundum mine turned out to be a soft abraisive rock, the company began to fail. The founders then shifted gears, entering the abrasives business directly by making their own sandpaper. In 1921, 3M released "Wetordry" sandpaper, its first breakthrough product, and in the 1930's, 3M introduced Scotch® Tape. McKnight donated this house to Hamline University in his will and Hamline University sold the house in 1980. William McKnight founded the McKnight Foundation in 1953. Virginia McKnight Binger was president of the foundation from 1974 to 1988. Rip Rapson is the current president of the McKnight Foundation. The McKnight Foundation is Minnesota's largest foundation, with approximately $2 billion in assets. Adolph Hirschman ( -1935) died in Ramsey County. Maude R. Rothschild ( -1935) died in Ramsey County. The current owner of record of the property is Frederic G. Schmidt. [See the note for 2020 Summit Avenue for additional information on Virginia McKnight Binger.]

1850 Summit Avenue: Bertha (Mrs. J. L.) Hinners House; Built in 1907; Simplified Rectilinear in style; F. L. Breitkreutz, architect. The structure is a two story, 2990 square foot, ten room, five bedroom, one bathroom, one half-bathroom, frame house, with a detached garage, which was last sold in 2000 for $376,000. It cost $4,500 to build the house. The 1918 city directory indicates that Mrs. J. L. Hinners and her daughters resided at this address. World War I veteran Burton D. Reinfrank resided at this address in 1919. The 1924 city directory indicates that Mrs. Bertha Hinners resided at this address. The 1930 city directory indicates that Mrs. Bertha Hinners, the widow of John L. Hinners, Clara L. Hinners, a stenographer employed by Morgan, Carter, Chase & Headley, and Gertrude Hinners, a teacher at the Hancock School, all resided at this address. Bertha Reinfrank was the second wife of John Leonard Hinners (1846-1906,) the son of Peter Hinners (1824- ,) a skilled church builder, and Luise Justine Juliane Muller Hinners (1824-1908.) John L. Hinners was born in Wheeling, West Virginia, initially married Wilhelmina Frederica Witt (1850- ,) the couple had four children, Charles John Hinners, Arthur William Hinners (1873-1955,) Emily Gertrude Hinners, and Clara Louise Hinners, and died in Pekin, Illinois. John L. Hinners, after serving in the Civil War and apprenticing with the reed organ division of Mason & Hamlin of Boston, moved to Chicago, then moved to Pekin, Illinois, founded the Hinners Organ Company, first called the Perfection Organ Works, in 1879, initially in partnership with J. J. Fink and subsequently in partnership with Ubbo J. Albertsen, spent the first ten years in business building reed organs, and produced nearly 3,000 pipe organs and 20,000 reed organs in its 55 years of existence. The Hinners Organ Company had no salesmen, but simply provided catalogues listing standard instruments and kept prices low enough that small, rural church congregations could afford an organ. A numbering system in manufacturing and packing the organ made installation easy and required only one company representative. Arthur Hinners presided over the company after his father's death. The Hinners Organ Company business peaked in 1912, with 97 workers and three organs shipped per week, but declined after 1930, with the Great Depression and after a financial fraud by the company’s treasurer and the company ceased business in 1936. In 1959, Burton Reinfrank was the Sales Manager of McCulloch International Inc. and introduced go-karts to Europe. Reinfrank brought the first two go-karts, both powered by a McCulloch engine, to the 1959 Salon Nautique (Paris Boat Show), held on the left bank of the Seine near the Eiffel Tower, at the same time as the Paris Salon d'Automobile (Paris Motor Show,) held at the Grand Palais and covered by the automobile press worldwide. The two go-karts were displayed on the McCulloch stand at the show and they created a large amount of interest when the two top French automobile journals sent photographers and did full page stories on the karts with color photos. Bertha R. "Reinfrank" Hinners ( -1947) died in Ramsey County. Burton D. Reinfrank (1894-1983) was born outside of Minnesota, had a mother with a maiden name of Kropf, and died in Ramsey County. The current owners of record of the property are James H. Lee and Jean Miller Lee.

1846 Summit Avenue: V. J. Hawkins House; Built in 1914; Simplified Rectilinear in style; Nicholas Steinmetz, architect. The structure is a two story, 2627 square foot, ten room, five bedroom, two bathroom, one half-bathroom, stucco house, with a detached garage. The cost to build the house was $4,600. The 1918 city directory indicates that Dr. and Mrs. V. J. Hawkins resided at this address. World War I veteran Arthur D. Hawkins resided at this address in 1919. The 1924 city directory indicates that Dr. and Mrs. V. J. Hawkins resided at this address. The 1930 city directory indicates that Vincent J. Hawkins, Sr., a physician who officed at 428 South Wabasha Street, his wife, Cora E. Hawkins, and Vincent J. Hawkins, Jr., a dentist who officed at 350 St. Peter Street, all resided at this address. Vincent John Hawkins ( -1940) died in Ramsey County. Arthur D. Hawkins (1882-1964) was born in Minnesota, had a mother with a maiden name of Fisher, and died in Ramsey County. The current owners of record of the property are Susan A. Kressin and James A. Radtke. James Radtke was made assistant vice president of United Bankers' Bank of Bloomington, Minnesota, in 2005. James A. Radtke and Susan Kressin were financial supporters of the National Parks Conservation Association in 2005.

1845 Summit Avenue: Ruth Cukier House; Built between 1969 and 1970 (1969 according to Ramsey County property tax records); Contemporary in style; Sam Cukier, architect. The structure is a 2113 square foot, seven room, two bedroom, three bathroom, split level stucco house, with a basement garage. The house cost $20,000 to build. Samson Cukier (1908-1996) was born outside of Minnesota and died in Hennepin County, Minnesota. The last sale of the unit occurred in 1995 at a sale price of $175,000. The current owners of record of the property are Kirk D. Velett and Laurie C. Velett. Laurie C. Velett was a contributor to the John Kerry for President campaign in 2004. Mr. and Mrs. Kirk D. Velett were financial supporters of Second Harvest Heartland in 2004 and of the American Red Cross in 2004.

1844 Summit Avenue: A. D. Cumming House; Built in 1922; Early Modern Rectilinear in style. The structure is a two story, 4576 square foot, 16 room, eight bedroom, three bathroom, two half-bathroom, stucco house, with a detached garage. The house cost $10,000 to construct. The 1930 city directory indicates that Joseph F. Moyer, the president-treasurer of the E. A. Brown Company, his wife, Gertrude Moyer, and Gale W. Perry, a special agent employed by the St. Paul Fire & Marine Insurance Company, all resided at this address and that Charlotte Lade was a maid at this address. The current owners of record of the property are Janet A. Baumanis and Uldis Baumanis. [See note on the St. Paul Fire & Marine Insurance Company for 297 Bates Avenue.]

1838 Summit Avenue: A. H. Holler/Heller House; Built in 1921; Tudor Revival/Twenties Villa in style; C. K. Carpenter, architect. The structure is a two story, 2856 square foot, 11 room, four bedroom, three bathroom, one half-bathroom, stucco house, with a detached garage, which was last sold in 2000 for $515,000. It cost $15,000 to build the house. The property is on the Register of National Historic Places as a part of the West Summit Avenue Historic District. The 1924 city directory indicates that Mr. and Mrs. A. H. Heller resided at this address. The 1930 city directory indicates that Leonard H. Heller and his wife, Ruth Heller, resided at this address. The 1950 St. Paul Academy Alumni Directory indicates that James H. Heller (1928- ,) who attended the school from 1938 until 1945, who graduated from Harvard University in 1949, who attended Yale University Law School, and who pursued the hobby of listening to music, and Leonard H. Heller, Jr., who attended the school from 1936 until 1943, who attended Central Missouri State Teachers College, Yale University, the University of Oslo, Norway, and the University of Minnesota, who served as an Ensign in the U. S. Naval Reserve during World War II, and who pursued the hobbies of hunting, fishing, international study and relations, manual shop work, and sports, resided at this address. Aaron H. Heller ( -1926) died in Ramsey County. Arthur H. Heller (1895-1993) was born in Minnesota, had a mother with a maiden name of Mueller, and died in Ramsey County. The current owners of record of the property are Kathy R. Gromer and J. Roberto Sobalvarro. K. R. Gromer, self-employed, was a contributor to the Democratic National Committee in 2004. Roberto Sobalvarro is the head coach of the Twin City Fencing Club, has been coaching and fencing for thirty years, is a member of the U.S. national coaching staff and a former national head coach, and has coached numerous senior and junior U.S. teams. Kathy Gromer, M.D., graduated from Kansas University Medical School in 1985, completed her Internal Medicine residency and her Pulmonary/Critical Care Medicine fellowship at the University of Michigan, is the Medical Director of the Respiratory Care Program at Saint Paul Technical College, has been in private practice since 1991, is Board Certified in Internal Medicine, Pulmonary Medicine and Sleep Disorders, and is associated with the Minnesota Lung Center.

1837 Summit Avenue: Morris H. Wax House; Built in 1949; Contemporary in style. The structure is a one story, 2101 square foot, six room, one bedroom, two bathroom, masonry and frame house, with a detached garage. The cost to build the house was $20,000. The current owner of record of the property is Jane Kristoff Samargia. Jane Samargia is a graduate of the University of the Philippines and, since 1983, has been the executive director of HIRED, a workforce development organization that was founded in 1968, originally with the purpose of helping ex-offenders to find employment and avoid returning to criminal behaviors, and expanded in 1976 to assist disadvantaged and other job seekers to become qualified for and obtain employment.

1834 Summit Avenue: John W. Nabersberg House; Built in 1906; Mildly Colonial Revival/Simplified Rectilinear in style, altered by a subsequent enclosure of the porch; F. L. Breitkrentz, architect and builder. The structure is a 2 1/2 story (two story according to Ramsey County property tax records,) 1866 square foot, ten room, four bedroom, two bathroom, wood clapboard (aluminum/vinyl-sided according to Ramsey County property tax records) house, with a detached garage, which was last sold in 1997 for $225,000. Construction of the house cost $3,500. The house has a hipped roof, which has a hipped dormer, a limestone foundation, and a chimney. It also has an enclosed front porch. The structure has box-like massing. The 1918 city directory indicates that Dr. and Mrs. J. W. Nabersberg resided at this address. The 1924 city directory indicates that Mr. and Mrs. A. W. Thomas resided at this address. The 1930 city directory indicates that Frank B. Blair resided at this address. John W. Nabersberg was a physician. John William Nabersberg ( -1920) died in Ramsey County. The current owner of record of the property is Shawn F. Chambers. Shawn Chambers is a program administrator employed by the Minnesota Department of Transportation. Shawn Chambers was a 2006 Futsal Tournament volunteer for the St. Paul Blackhawks Youth Soccer Club. The St. Paul Blackhawks was founded in 1952 and is the oldest soccer club in Minnesota, offering soccer programs for youth, juniors, men, women and seniors twelve months a year.

1831 Summit Avenue: William W. Kennedy House; Built in 1928; Spanish Colonial in style; Robert C. Martin, architect. The structure is a two story, 2334 square foot, ten room, four bedroom, two bathroom, two half-bathroom, stucco house, with a detached garage, which was last sold in 1998 for $315,000. The 1930 city directory indicates that William W. Kennedy, a mayonaise manufacturer, and his wife, Nellie F. Kennedy, resided at this address. In 1934, William W. Kennedy, Nellie Foley Kennedy, William W. Kennedy, Jr., John Kennedy, Richard Kennedy, and Roger F. Kennedy resided at this address. William W. Kennedy was a graduate of the University of Minnesota. The current owners of record of the property are Megan E. Tucci and Thomas J. Tucci. Thomas J. Tucci (1961- ) is an attorney, has bachelors and law degrees from the University of Minnesota, is a certified public accountant, and is a member of the law firm Fabyanske Westra Hart & Thomson P.A. Tom Tucci and Megan Tucci were financial supporters of Hill-Murray High School during 2004-2005.

1826 Summit Avenue: Hermann G. Graaf House; Built in 1912 (1913 according to Ramsey County property tax records); Tudor Villa/Modified Bungalow in style; Samuel A. Nicholson, architect and builder. The structure is a 2 1/2 story (two story according to Ramsey County property tax records,) 3497 square foot, ten room, five bedroom, two bathroom, two half-bathroom, brick bungalow, with a detached garage. The house cost $10,000 to construct. The house has a gabled roof which has a shed dormer with a warped roof. The porch has brick ogee arches. The 1918 city directory indicates that Mr. and Mrs. H. G. Graaf resided at this address. The 1920 city directory indicates that Charles W. Fogarty, a physician officing at the Lowry Building, resided at this address. The 1924 city directory indicates that Dr. and Mrs. C. W. Fogarty resided at this address. The 1930 city directory indicates that Charles W. Fogarty, a surgeon at the St. Paul Clinic, and his wife, Emma Fogarty, resided at this address. The 1987 St. Agnes Catholic Church directory indicates that James Shrake resided at this address. Hermann G. Graaf was a partner in Graaf & Cummings, Graaf & Goetzmann, a retail clothier. Charles W. Fogarty (1915-1969) was born in Minnesota, had a mother with a maiden name of Berrisford, and died in Ramsey County. The current owners of record of the property are James H. Shrake and Jeanne M. Shrake. James H. Shrake was a 1953 graduate of St. Mary's University of Minnesota and was a financial supporter of the institution in 2004.

1825 Summit Avenue: Louisa Lindeke House; Built in 1911; Simplified Rectilinear in style; Martin Fenstad, architect. The structure is a two story, 2476 square foot, nine room, four bedroom, one bathroom, two half-bathroom, frame house, with a detached garage. The cost to build the house was $5,000. Louisa Lindeke was the wife of St. Paul dry goods wholesaler Albert H. Lindeke. The 1918 city directory indicates that Mr. and Mrs. O. A. Lindeke resided at this address. The 1930 city directory indicates that Oscar A. Lindeke and his wife, Jenn Lindeke, resided at this address. Louisa Lindeke ( -1940) died in Ramsey County. The property was last sold for $727,000 and that sale occurred in 2004. The current owners of record of the property are James R. O'Brien and Rosalie W. O'Brien. The 1924 city directory indicates that Mr. and Mrs. Oscar Lindke resided at the former nearby 1824 Summit Avenue.

1818 Summit Avenue: Bernard P. Rosenstein House; Built in 1916 and altered later with porch addition; Ornate Prairie Style/Early Modern Rectilinear in style; Wyvill & Stewart, architects. The structure is a two story, 2160 square foot, eight room, four bedroom, one bathroom, one half-bathroom, brick and stone (brick according to Ramsey County proerty tax records) house, with a detached garage, which was last sold in 1996 for $179,700. It cost $5,000 to build the house. The structure has a hipped roof with green ceramic roofing tile. It has one chimney and a garage with two hipped dormers. The unusual entry porch was added. The 1918 and 1924 city directories indicate that Mr. and Mrs. Frank King resided at this address. The 1930 city directory indicates that Frank King, the proprietor of the King Pig Company, located at the Exchange Building, and his wife, Mary King, resided at this address. Bernard P. Rosenstein was president and treasurer of the Realty Service Company and lived at 145 South Lexington Avenue in 1917. The current owner of record of the property is William F. Long.

1815 Summit Avenue: J. B. Forrest House #3; Built in 1938; Contemporary in style; A. G. Erickson, architect. The structure is a two story, 2390 square foot, eight room,three bedroom, two bathroom, one half-bathroom, stucco house, with a detached garage, which was last sold in 1997 for $184,500. The house cost $9,000 to construct. James B. Forrest ( -1940) died in Hennepin County. The current owners of record of the property are Christine A. Garner and W. Michael Garner. W. Michael Garner is an attorney, is a partner in the law firm of Dady & Garner, P.A., and has practiced franchise and distribution law for over twenty years. W. Michael Garner received an honorable mention in fiction from the Loft Literary Center in 2006 in its Mentor Series Competition.

1812 Summit Avenue: C. E. Bergman House; Built in 1914; Tudor Rectilinear in style; Olai Haugen, architect. The 1920 city directory indicates that Clarence E. Bergman, the secretary for D. Bergman & Company, resided at this address and that Conrad Bergman, a helper employed by the Chicago & Great Western RailRoad, boarded at this address. The structure is a two story, 2569 square foot, ten room, four bedroom, one bathroom, brick house, with a detached one car garage. The house was built for $5,500. The 1918 and 1924 city directories indicate that Mr. and Mrs. C. E. Bergman resided at this address. The 1930 city directory indicates that Clarence E. Bergman, a broker, and his wife, Elsie Bergman, resided at this address. Clarence E. Bergman ( -1933) died in Ramsey County. The current owners of record of the property are Kathryn L. Oftelie and Winton A. Oftelie. Winton Oftelie was a 1960 graduate of Lincoln High School in Thief River Falls, Minnesota, and is a member of Trackside Racing, a radio controlled car club. Kathryn Oftelie was a financial supporter of the Minnesota Literacy Council in 2005.

1811 Summit Avenue: J. B. Forrest House #2; Built in 1938; Late bland Colonial Revival/Georgian Revival in style; A. G. Erickson, architect and builder. The structure is a two story, 2651 square foot, nine room, four bedroom, three bathroom, stucco house, with a detached garage. It cost $11,000 to build the house. The house has a gabled roof and a symmetrical facade. It has one chimney, a colossal pedimented portico, and a classical doorway. The stucco exterior is believed to have been added after original construction of the house. The 1964 St. Paul Academy Alumni Directory indicates that Peter H. Levy, a member of the Class of 1960, resided at this address. James B. Forrest lived on Iglehart Avenue and was an office employee in downtown St. Paul. James B. Forrest ( -1940) died in Hennepin County. The current owner of record of the property is Vera S. Tanasichuk. Vera Tanasichuk was a contributor to the Republican Senatorial Committee in 1984, 1986, 1987, 1988, 1989, 1991, 1992, 1993, and 2005, and to the Republican Congressional Campaign in 1986, 1987, 1988, 1990, 1991, 1992, and 1993.

1801 Summit Avenue: J. B. Forrest House #1; Built in 1938; Georgian Revival in style; A. G. Erickson, architect. The structure is a two story, 2044 square foot, eight room, four bedroom, two bathroom, one half-bathroom, frame house, with a detached garage. The cost to build the house was $10,000. James B. Forrest ( -1940) died in Hennepin County. The current owners of record of the property are Edwin Fogelman and Milda K. H. Fogelman. Edwin Fogelman, Ph.D. (Princeton University), is a professor of political science at the University of Minnesota, teaching courses in the history of political thought, political ideologies, American political thought, and democratic theory, is the chair of the University of Minnesota’s Council on Public Engagement, is the principal investigator for a Ford Foundation grant on Citizenship and Public Ethical Practices, chaired the University of Minnesota Senate Judicial Committee for four years, and was the chair in 2000 of the Task Force on Civic Engagement of the University of Minnesota, which was intended to foster a culture of public service at the University true to its land-grant mission. Edwin Fogelman is the editor of Hiroshima: The Decision to Use the A-Bomb, published by Scribner Research Anthologies in New York in 1964, and was a co-author with Alan Ebenstein and William Ebenstein of Today's ISMS; Socialism, Capitalism, Fascism, Communism, and Libertarianism, published by Prentice Hall in New York in 1999 (11th edition).

1800 Summit Avenue: Wilkie E. Collins House; Built in 1910; Simplified Rectilinear in style; W. E. Collins, architect. The structure is a two story, 2108 square foot, seven room, three bedroom, two bathroom, frame house, with two detached garages. The construction cost for the house was $3,450. The 1918 city directory indicates that Mr. and Mrs. Wilkie E. Collins resided at this address. The 1920 city directory indicates that Wilkie E. Collins, a solicitor and freight agent employed by the Chicago, St. Paul, Minneapolis & Omaha RailRoad, resided at this address. The 1924 city directory indicates that Mr. and Mrs. W. E. Collins resided at this address. The 1930 city directory indicates that Wilkie E. Collins, a freight agent employed by the Chicago, St. Paul, Minneapolis & Omaha RailRoad, and his wife, Blanche Collins, resided at this address. Wilkie E. Collins (1879-1973) was born in Minnesota, had a mother with a maiden name of Dillon, and died in Ramsey County. The current owners of record of the property are Corrine T. Reidl and Gary J. Reidl. Gary Reidl/Riedl is a retired teacher who formerly taught at Wayzata Senior High, Plymouth, Minnesota, is an active scholar in research on the author Jack London, and is the editor, with Thomas R. Tietze, of Jack London's Tales of Cannibals and Headhunters: Nine South Seas Stories by America's Master of Adventure, University of New Mexico Press, 2006.

1799 Summit Avenue: M. Donnelly House; Built in 1957; Contemporary in style; Antler Corporation, builders and architects. The structure is a 1912 square foot, eight room, four bedroom, two bathroom, split-entry stucco house, with a detached garage, which last sold in 1993 for $168,000. The house cost $16,000 to construct. The 1924 city directory indicates that Mrs. L. J. Selig, her daughters, Mrs. Ruth Selig, and her daughters, all resided at this address. The 1930 city directory indicates that Edward F. Flynn, an assistant general counsel employed by the Great Northern RailRoad, and his wife, Susan E. Flynn, resided at this address. The previous owner of record of the property is the trustee for Carla J. Peterson, located in Sturgeon Bay, Wisconsin, and the current owners of record of the property are Mary F. Nantell and Timothy J. Nantell.

1798 Summit Avenue: T. A. Matthews/Ida and Alice Mathews House; Built in 1910; Mildly Colonial Revival/Craftsman/Simplified Rectilinear in style; C. A. Fowble, architect and builder. The structure is a 2 1/2 story (two story according to Ramsey County property tax records,) 2519 square foot, ten room, six bedroom, two bathroom, one half-bathroom, wood frame, clapboard and shingle house, with a detached garage. The house was built for $4,500. The house has an intersecting bellcast gabled roof, a chimney, a limestone foundation, and a deep open wrap-around porch. Oakland Cemetery Association records indicate that Thomas A. Matthews resided at this address in 1908. The 1918 and 1924 city directories indicate that Mr. and Mrs. T. A. Matthews, Jr., and T. A. Matthews all resided at this address. The 1930 city directory indicates that Thomas A. Matthews resided at this address. Charles A. Fowble ( -1937) died in Washington County, Minnesota. The current owners of record of the property are Audrey S. Bailey and Dan L. Bailey.

1795 Summit Avenue: Mary Donnelly and Francis Donnelly House; Built in 1951; Contemporary in style; L. W. Santa, architect. The structure is a two story, 3184 square foot, 11 room, four bedroom, two bathroom, stucco house, with a detached garage, which last sold in 1991 for $186,000. The house cost $22,000 to construct. Francis Donnelly ( -1946) died in Hennepin County. Mary Yvonne Donnelly (1906-1960) was born in Minnesota, had a mother with a maiden name of Mailloux, and died in Ramsey County. The current owner of record of the property is the Youth and Family Center Inc., located in Minneapolis.

1789 Summit Avenue: Mrs. Mary E. Monkhouse House; Built in 1917 (Sandeen and Larson); Period Revival/Colonial/Craftsman/Georgian Revival Variant in style; Clarence H. Johnston, Sr., architect. The house cost $12,000 to build (Sandeen; $14,000 according to Larson). The house is a 2 1/2 story, 3543 square foot, 12 room, five bedroom, three bathroom, one half-bathroom, stucco structure with a symmetrical facade which has a gabled roof with one eyelid dormer and one shed dormer. It also has an enclosed porch in the rear of the house and one chimney. The house has a detached garage. The house has been altered over time. Mrs. Mary E. Monkhouse was the widow of Harry Monkhouse ( -1917.) In 1879, Harry Monkhouse, a foreman employed by the St. Paul, Minneaopolis & Manitoba Railway Shops, boarded at the corner of Williams Street and De Bow Street. Mary E. Monkhouse ( -1926) died in Ramsey County. The house last sold in 1997 for $350,000. The current owners of record of the property are Maureen Coonan and Christopher J. Nachtsheim. Maureen Ann Coonan (1951- ,) a descendant of Martin Francis Coonan (1819-1886) and Catherine O'Connell Coonan (1825-1897,) married Christopher John Nachtsheim (1951- ) and the couple have two children, Abigael Catherine Nachtsheim (1987- ) and Andrew Benjamin Nachtsheim (1991- .) Christopher J. Nachtsheim was a member of the Statistics Group at the Los Alamos Scientific Laboratory in 1980, was employed in the Management Information Systems Department of General Mills in 1982, was a professor in the Department of Management Sciences of the University of Minnesota in 1987, was Associate Dean of Faculty at the Carlson School of Management at the University of Minnesota in 1999, and was a professor of Operations and Management Science in the Statistics Department in the Graduate School at the University of Minnesota in 2003. Christopher J. Nachtsheim, a professor at the University of Minnesota, was a contributor to the John Kerry for President campaign in 2004. [See note on Johnston for 476 Summit Avenue.]

1788 Summit Avenue: Peter Maendler House; Built in 1913 (1914 according to Ramsey County property tax records); Simplified Rectilinear in style; H. M. Elmer, architect. The structure is a two story, 3137 square foot, ten room, six bedroom, two bathroom, one half-bathroom, stucco house, with an attached garage and a detached garage, which last sold in 1992 for $229,000. The construction cost for the house was $8,500. The 1918 city directory indicates that Mr. and Mrs. Peter Maendler and their daughters resided at this address. The 1924 city directory indicates that Mr. and Mrs. A. L. Runyon, Mr. and Mrs. Peter Maendler, and the Misses Maendler all resided at this address. The 1930 city directory indicates that Peter Maendler, the president of the Maendler Brush Manufacturing Company, and his wife, Emma C. Maendler, resided at this address. Peter Maendler ( -1936) died in Ramsey County. The current owners of record of the property are Marylin C. Ampe Schestak and Robert J. Schestak. Robert J. Schestak, D.D.S., is a dentist with an office at 241 Cleveland Avenue South. Robert Schestak and Mari Lyn Ampe Schestak own property in the vicinity of a proposed Minnesota Pipe Line Company 295 mile long, 24-inch diameter, pipeline in Morrison County and, in 2006, suggested four different routes to avoid crossing their property.

1779 Summit Avenue: Rose (Mrs. Thomas M.) Furniss House; Built in 1925; Elizabethan Revival/Tudor Villa in style; Peterson-Lang, architects and builders. The structure is a two story, 2736 square foot, 11 room, four bedroom, one bathroom, two half-bathroom, stucco house, with a detached garage. The cost to build the house was $12,000. The house has a slate roofed intersecting gable jerkinhead roof which has three hipped roof dormers. It also has a half-timbered exterior. It is asymmetrical, has an arched garden gate entrance, and has a screened porch. The 1930 city directory indicates that Mrs. Rose B. Furniss, the widow of Thomas W. Furniss, resided at this address. Rose Furniss was the widow of Thomas M. Furniss, who was a Duluth millionaire, mine owner, and theatrical magnate. Mr. and Mrs. Furniss moved to St. Paul in 1922 and they initially lived at 1844 Summit Avenue. Thomas M. Furniss died in 1924. He disinherited two of his four children in his will. Rose B. Furniss (1868-1968) was born outside of Minnesota, had a mother with a maiden name of Walsch, and died in Hennepin County. Thomas W. Furniss ( -1924) died in Ramsey County. The current owner of record of the property is Sandra A. Neren. Sandra Neren is an attorney with the law firm of Messerli & Kramer and is or has been a lobbyist for the Minnesota District Judges Association, the Minnesota County Attorneys Association, the Minnesota Sheriff’s Association, the Minnesota Newspaper Association, the Civil Justice Coalition, and the Alliance of Auto Manufacturers. In 1994, Sandra Neren made a campaign donation to the Bill Luther for Congress Volunteer Committee.

1774 Summit Avenue: Sam Friedman House; Built in 1922; Tudor Villa in style; C. F. Rule Construction, builder and architect. The structure is a two story, 3262 square foot, 11 room, four bedroom, two bathroom, one half-bathroom, stucco house, with an attached garage. The 1924 city directory indicates that Mr. and Mrs. Samuel Friedman resided at this address. The 1930 city directory indicates that Samuel Friedman, associated with Dorays Smart Shop, resided at this address. Biofacilitator, Inc., and Denrick, Inc. are currently located at this address. Sam Friedman (1896-1980) was born outside of Minnesota and died in Ramsey County. The house cost $15,000 to construct. The current owners of record of the property are Catherina J. Messina and Richard A. Messina. Mr. & Mrs. Richard A. Messina were financial supporters of St. Thomas Academy in 2005.

1773 Summit Avenue: Herbert A. Sullwold/J. L. Sullwold House; Built in 1910; Tudor Villa in style; F. J. Jenny, architect. The structure is a two story, 2364 square foot, ten room, four bedroom, two bathroom, masonry and frame house, with a detached garage. The house was built for $7,000. The 1917 Catalogue of the Beta Theta Pi Fraternity, published by James T. Brown of New York, indicated that Herbert Arthur Sullwold, a member of the class of 1907 at the University of Minnesota and also the recipient of an S. B. degree in architecture from the Massachusetts Institute of Technology in 1907, was an architect and resided at this address. The 1918 and 1924 city directories indicate that Mr. and Mrs. Herbert Sullwold resided at this address. The 1930 city directory indicates that Jacob G. Kretsch, the president of E. M. Lohmann Company, and his wife, Agnes Kretsch, resided at this address. Herbert A. Sullwold was the architect for Derham Hall and Our Lady of Victory Chapel, a 1923 Romanesque Revival structure at the University of St. Catherine, placed on the National Register of Historic Buildings in 1985. Herbert Sullwold was one of the founders, with Frank Abrahamson, Beaver Wade Day, Magnus Jemne, Hiram Livingstone, Fred Slifer, and Frank Smalley, of the Gargoyle Club of St. Paul, a social and cultural club for architects and draftsmen incorporated in 1913, which owned the 1890 Cass Gilbert-designed 1890 German Presbyterian Church between 1917 and 1921. H. A. Sullwold also worked for Reed & Stem for a period of time. The previous owners of record of the property are Deborah L. Gelbach and Philip K. Gelbach and the current owners of record of the property are C. Thomas Enestvedt and Mary H. Enestvedt. In 2003, Deborah Gelbach was a contributor to the Randy Kelly for Mayor campaign and resided at this address. Philip Gelbach, of Gelbach & Associates, a marketing and sales consulting firm, located at 1239 Willow Lane, Roseville, Minnesota, is a member of the Midway Chamber of Commerce. C. Thomas Enestvedt and Mary H. Enestvedt previously resided at 1645 Summit Avenue. C. Thomas Enestvedt was a financial supporter of Cretin-Derham Hall High School in 2005-2006 and of St. John's University in 2004. Alison Enestvedt was one of the eight leadership volunteer planners of the annual "Sponsor a Family" project, a joint holiday effort of Catholic Charities and Lutheran Social Services. Alison Enestvedt was the recording secretary of the Guild of Catholic Women, Inc., from 2004 to 2006.

1770 Summit Avenue: George S. MacLeod House; Built in 1915; Early Modern Rectilinear in style; Ralph Mather, architect. The structure is a two story, 3238 square foot, nine bedroom, three bathroom, two half-bathroom, stucco house, with a detached garage. Construction of the building cost $10,000. The 1918 and 1924 city directories indicate that Mr. and Mrs. G. S. McLeod resided at this address. The 1930 city directory indicates that George S. McLeod, the president of the Emporium Mercantile Company, Inc., and his wife, Edith McLeod, resided at this address. In 1934, George S. McLeod and Edith Crevier McLeod resided at this address and were members of the Minikahda Country Club. Angus McLeod (1859-1924,) the third son of George McLeod and Jane Stuart McLeod, organized the Angus McLeod Co., with a brother, George S. McLeod, after starting as a carpenter, and, in 1902, owned the Emporium Department Store, which had a floor space of nearly eight acres and was valued at $4 million in 1924. George S. McLeod (1868-1933) was the fifth son of George McLeod and Jane Stuart McLeod. George S. McLeod ( -1933) died in Ramsey County. The current owner of record of the property is Anne F. Geisser. Anne Geisser was the chairperson of an ad hoc planning commission committee of the City of St. Paul in 1997 which recommended an extension of a temporary moratorium on new metal shredders in the city. Anne Geisser was an alumna of the Education Policy Fellowship Program of the College of Education and Human Development of the University of Minnesota. There is a Geisser Lecture at the University of Minnesota to honor the late Seymour Geisser, who was the director of the School of Statistics at the University from 1971 to 2001. Seymour Geisser (1929-2004,) the husband of Anne Geisser, was a statistician noted for emphasizing the role of prediction in statistical inference and was a frequent critic of the way prosecutors and law enforcement agencies use DNA evidence. Seymour Geisser was the son of Polish immigrant garment workers, was born in the Bronx, New York, was raised in the Bensonhurst section of Brooklyn, New York, graduated from City College of New York in 1950, earned his master's and Ph.D. at the University of North Carolina, held various positions at the National Institutes of Health, founded the Statistics Department at the State University of New York, Buffalo, and then founded the School of Statistics at the University of Minnesota. The 1918 city directory indicates that Mr. and Mrs. R. B. Whitacre and E. M. Whitacre all resided at the former nearby 1767 Summit Avenue.

1761 Summit Avenue: R. B. Whitacre House; Built in 1916 (1917 according to Ramsey County property tax records;) Tudor Rectilinear in style; S. M. Bartlett, architect. The structure is a two story, 4852 square foot, 11 room, four bedroom, two bathroom, masonry and frame house, with an attached garage. The construction cost for the house was $15,000. World War I veteran Eugene M. Whitacre resided at this address in 1919. The records of the 1919-1920 Minnesota World War I Soldier’s Bonus Board (#5073) indicate that Eugene M. Whitacre (1889- ,) a 1917 draftee and a Sergeant First Class in the Ordnance section, who was born in St. Paul, had blue eyes, dark brown hair, and a medium fair complexion, was 5' 8" tall, was a mechanic at induction, served in the American Expeditionary Force in France, was a merchant employed by R. B. Whitacre & Company after the completion of service, and was unmarried, resided with his father, R. B. Whitacre, at this address. Oakland Cemetery Association records indicate that Robert Bond Whitacre resided at this address in 1923. The 1924 city directory indicates that Mr. and Mrs. E. M. Whitacre and R. B. Whitacre all resided at this address. The 1930 city directory indicates that Robert B. Whitacre, the president-treasurer of R. B. Whitacre & Company, Eugene M. Whitacre, vice president-secretary of R. B. Whitacre & Company, and his wife, Dorothy Whitacre, all resided at this address. Robert Bond Whitacre ( -1954) died in Ramsey County. Eugene M. Whitacre (1889-1977) was born in Minnesota, had a mother with a maiden name of Mann, and died in Ramsey County. Eugene Mann Whitacre (1923-1992) was born in Minnesota, had a mother with a maiden name of Humphrey, and died in Ramsey County. The current owners of record of the property are Louis E. Lapierre and Georgia L. Miller.

1760 Summit Avenue: Philip Weiss/Mrs. Mae Weiss Fox House; Built in 1922; Early Modern Rectilinear in style; J. W. Lindstrom, architect. The structure is a two story, 2576 square foot, ten room, four bedroom, two bathroom, one half-bathroom, stucco house, with a detached garage. The house was built for $7,450. The 1924 city directory indicates that Mr. and Mrs. J. L. Fox and Mr. and Mrs. Philip Weiss all resided at this address. The 1930 city directory indicates that Michael T. Nagle, the president of the Pitcher Snow Plow Company, and his wife, Mary M. Nagle, resided at this address. The 1964 St. Paul Academy Alumni Directory indicates that Douglas C. Green, a member of the Class of 1964, resided at this address. Philip Weiss ( -1925) died in Swift County, Minnesota. The last sale of this property was in 2004 and the sale price was $634,000. The current owners of record of the property are the trustees of Debra Asplund and Paul Padratzik. Debra Asplund competed in the 2004 Hennepin-Lake Classic 10K Women's Race and the 2004 Race for the Cure 5K Race. Paul Padratzik is associated with the Japs-Olson Co. and is a member of the Mid-America Direct Marketing Association.

1753 Summit Avenue: Reuben Blumberg House; Built in 1926; Period Revival/Tudor Villa in style; H. M. Elmer, architect. The structure is a two story, 4018 square foot, 11 room, three bedroom, two bathroom, two half-bathroom, wood and brick, half-timbered (brick according to Ramsey County property tax records,) house, with an attached garage, which last sold in 2004 for $1,040,000. The cost to build the house was $20,000. The house has a slate roof, intersecting gable and jerkinhead, which has one gabled dormer and one hipped dormer. The house is "L" shaped. It has a bay window on the main facade, which is obscured by awnings. The front porch was added subsequent to the original construction of the house. The 1930 city directory indicates that Reuben Blumberg, a realtor, and his wife, Carrie Blumberg, resided at this address. Reuben Blumberg was a real estate agent. The 1920 city directory indicates that Mrs. Reuben Blumberg boarded at 2064 Summit Avenue, a former residence that was razed as part of a past expansion of the University of St. Thomas. Rueben Blumberg (1876-1970) was born outside of Minnesota and died in Ramsey County. The current owner of record of the property is Stephanie N. Melstrom. J. Kevin Costley, an attorney with Lindquist & Vennum, was a contributor to the Wesley Clark for President campaign and to the Democratic National Committee in 2004.

1750 Summit Avenue: L. D. Coddon House; Built in 1924 (1925 according to Ramsey County property tax records); Twenties Villa in style; Lindstrom-Anderson, architects. The structure is a two story, 3784 square foot, 12 room, four bedroom, four bathroom, two half-bathroom, brick house, with a detached garage. The house cost $16,000 to build. The 1930 city directory indicates that Mrs. Ida Coddon, the widow of Louis D. Coddon, resided at this address. The 1939 St. Paul Academy Alumni Directory indicates that George H. Park (1917- ,) who was born in Caro, Michigan, who attended the school from 1931 until 1937, and who attended the University of Minnesota, resided at this address. Louis D. Coddon ( -1929) died in Ramsey County. The last sale of this property was in 2004 and the sale price was $1,025,000. The current owner of record of the property is Daniel T. Wu.

1747 Summit Avenue: J. G. Robertson House; Built in 1912; Tudor Villa in style. The structure is a two story, 3267 square foot, 12 room, five bedroom, two bathroom, one half-bathroom, masonry and frame house, with a detached garage. The house cost $6,500 to build. The house was moved to this site in 1926 from 1668 Summit Avenue. The 1930 city directory indicates that Samuel J. Jacobs, proprietor of the Jacobs Furniture Company, and his wife, Etta Jacobs, resided at this address. James Gordon Robertson ( -1926) died in Ramsey County. The current owners of record of the property are Darlene J. Metzger and Stephen F. Metzger. In 2003, Steven Metzen was a financial supporter of the Randy Kelly for St. Paul Mayor campaign and resided at this address. Mr. and Mrs. Stephen F. Metzger were financial supporters of St. Thomas Academy in 2005, the Minnesota Medical Foundation in 2003, and the Diabetes Institute for Immunology and Transplantation at the University of Minnesota in 2002. Stephen Metzger was a 1954 graduate of Cretin-Derham Hall High School and Darlene and Stephen Metzger were financial supporters of the high school in 2005.

1740 Summit Avenue: Dr. J. C. Nelson House; Built in 1909 (1910 according to Ramsey County property tax records); Tudor Villa in style; Mark Fitzpatrick, architect. The structure is a two story, 3253 square foot, nine room, five bedroom, two bathroom, one half-bathroom, masonry and frame house, with a detached garage. The house was built for $4,200. Howard Everett resided at this address in 1914 and in 1918. The 1918 city directory indicates that Mr. and Mrs. Howard Everett and Mrs. E. A. Hayden all resided at this address. J. W. Gaver resided at this address in 1924. The 1924 city directory indicates that Mr. and Mrs. J. W. Gaver and Mr. and Mrs. H. B. Warren all resided at this address. The 1930 city directory indicates that Frederick Ritzinger, a sloicitor with the Wight Insurance Agency, and his wife, Jessie Ritzinger, resided at this address. In 1934, Frederick K. Ritzinger, Sr., Jessie Greene Ritzinger, Charles Ritzinger, L. Ritzinger, Frederick K. Ritzinger, Jr., Dorothy L. Ritzinger, and John Ritzinger resided at this address. Frederick K. Ritzinger, Sr., was a graduate of the University of Minnesota. World War I veteran Frederick Ritzinger (1885-1965), a First Lieutenant, resided at 45 South St. Albans Street in 1919. Frederick Ritzinger was a native of Indianapolis, Indiana, was an assistant postmaster in St. Paul for 20 years, retired to Sedona, Arizona, in 1953, with his wife, Ethel Ritzinger, and died in Cottonwood, Arizona, after a short illness. Charles L. Ritzinger resided in San Rafael, California in 1965. Mrs. Dorothy L. Ritzinger Stickney resided in San Anselmo, California, in 1965. John B. Ritzinger resided in St. Paul in 1965. Dr. Frederick Ritzinger, Jr., resided in San Antonio, Texas, in 1965. Jessie Greene Ritzinger was the daughter of Charles Lyman Greene and the granddaughter of William Warren Greene. Frederick Ramsay Ritzinger, Jr., (1913- 1985), a Colonel in the U. S. Air Force, married Norma Mae Lennarson Ritzinger (1924-1985). Frederick R. Ritzinger, Jr., and Ellis G. Aboud authored "Pressure Suits - Their Evolution and Development," in Air University Review, Volume XVI (Jan.-Feb. 1965). Dr. William Warren Greene (1831- ) was born in North Waterford, Maine, married Elizabeth Carelton ( -1860) of Waterford, Maine in 1855 and married Elizabeth Lawrence ( -1876) of Pownal, Maine in 1861, was a respected surgeon, and was among the founders of Maine General Hospital in Portland, Maine. Charles Lyman Greene (1862- ) studied medicine at the University of Michigan, was a doctor in Minnesota in 1898, was a Colonel in the U. S. Army in 1917, authored The Medical Examination For Life Insurance And Its Associated Clinical Methods: With Chapters On The Insurance Of Substandard Lives And Accident Insurance (1906) and Medical Diagnosis For The Student And Practitioner (1917), had two daughters, Dorothy Lawrence Greene, who married Alfred J. Schweppe and lived in Seattle, Washington, and Jessie Greene, who married Dr. Frederick Ramsay Ritzinger and lived in St. Paul. Jessie G. Ritzinger (1887-1970) was born in Minnesota, had a mother with a maiden name of Rice, and died in Ramsey County. The property was last sold in 2003 with a sale price of $815,000. The current owners of record of the property are Dawn M. Igo and Patrick T. Igo. Patrick Igo was a member of the St. Paul Heritage Preservation Commission in 2003, residing at 412 Duke Street. Patrick Igo is a realtor with Coldwell Banker Burnet in partnership with Craig Schleisman. Patrick Igo was the treasurer of the St. Paul Republican City Committee in 2002. [See note on Fitzpatrick for 470 Summit Avenue.]

1737 Summit Avenue: Moses Shapira/S. L. Shapiro House; Built in 1913; Simplified Rectilinear in style; Eugene Schmidt, architect. The structure is a two story, 2588 square foot, ten room, five bedroom, two bathroom, one half-bathroom, masonry and frame house, with a detached garage. Construction cost for the house was $7,200. The 1918 city directory indicates that Mr. and Mrs. Moses Shapira resided at this address. The 1924 city directory indicates that Mr. and Mrs. Mose Shapira resided at this address. The 1930 city directory indicates that this address was vacant. Moses C. Shapira ( -1934) died in Ramsey County. Samuel L. Shapiro (1874-1957) was born in Minnesota, had a mother with a maiden name of Warshofsky, and died in Hennepin County. Sheila A. Rangitsch resided at this address in 2005. The current owners of record of the property are Robert E. Cattanach and Terry Cattanach. Robert E. Cattanach graduated with a B. S. in engineering from the United States Naval Academy in 1972, graduated with a law degree from the University of Wisconsin Law School in 1975, is an attorney, and is a partner in the law firm of Dorsey & Whitney LLP. The 1930 city directory indicates that William Aags, a service engineer, resided at the nearby former 1726 Summit Avenue.

1732 Summit Avenue: R. H. Gerig House; Built in 1909 (1910 according to Ramsey County property tax records;) Craftsman Bungalow/Simplified Rectilinear in style; Peter J. Linhoff, architect. The house cost $5,000 to build. The house is a 2 1/2 story, 2850 square foot, ten room, five bedroom, three bathroom, wood, clapboard, and shingle (frame according to Ramsey County property tax records) structure with a gabled roof which has a gabled dormer and with a detached garage, which was last sold in 1998 for $379,900. It has a brick chimney, an open "L" shaped porch with columns, and lead glass windows. Robert H. Seng resided at this address in 1912. Oakland Cemetery Association records indicate that William Seng (1832-1915,) the widower brother of Robert H. Seng, who was born in Germany to parents also born in Germany and who died of a cerebral hemorrhage, resided at this address in 1915. The 1918 city directory indicates that Mr. and Mrs. Robert H. Seng resided at this address. The 1920 city directory indicates that Frank E. Driscoll, proprietor of the Hook-Em-Cow Hotel Cafe, Confectionery, and Soft Drinks located in South St. Paul, Minnesota, resided at this address. The 1924 city directory indicates that Mr. and Mrs. F. E. Driscoll resided at this address. The 1930 city directory indicates that Michael E. Fleming, a vice president, and his wife, Octavia Fleming, resided at this address. In 1934, Michael E. Fleming, Octavia Forgette Fleming, Richard Fleming, Ward Fleming, and James Fleming resided at this address. The Flemings were members of the Minikahda Country Club. Captain Richard E. Fleming (1917-1942) was a Navy/Marine Corps pilot (Flight Officer of Marine Scout Bombing Squadron 241) during World War II who was posthumously presented the congressional medal of honor for his actions during the battle of Midway on June 5, 1942, in sinking the Japanese cruiser Mikuma. Richard E. Fleming graduated from St. Thomas Military Academy in 1935 and graduated from the University of Minnesota in 1939. The medal was received by Mrs. Michael E. Fleming, the mother of Richard Fleming, who resided at the Comodore Hotel in 1942. A 300 feet long, 1,300 ton, World War II destroyer escort vessel was named for Richard Fleming, as was Fleming Field at the South St. Paul Municipal Airport in South St. Paul, Minnesota. Octavia Forgette was the daughter of Francois Xavier Forgette and Elizabeth Leblanc Forgette. Michael Edward Fleming and Octavia Forgette Fleming had three children. The Mikuma was the second of the four-vessel Mogami-class of heavy cruisers in the Imperial Japanese Navy, was named after the Mikuma river in Oita prefecture, Japan, was launched in 1934, was rebuilt in 1939, was badly damaged on June 5, 1942, and was sunk on June 6, 1942. Robert N. Seng ( -1922) died in Ramsey County. Michael E. Fleming ( -1941) died in Ramsey County. Octavia M. Fleming (1881-1956) was born outside of Minnesota, had a mother with a maiden name of Leblanc, and died in Ramsey County. The current owners of record of the property are Jodi L. Ladwig and Steven D. Ladwig. Steven D. Ladwig was a 1980 graduate of Minnesota State University-Mankato, was a financial supporter of the university in 2004-2005, and was a financial supporter of the University of Minnesota Foundation in 2005. Steven D. Ladwig was employed for nearly 20 years by International Business Machines Corp. before 1998, was the President of Imation Data Storage and Information Management in 1998, additionally became Senior Vice President of Imation Corp. in 2000, became the President, Chief Executive Officer and a director of Retek Inc. in 2001 and resigned from Retek Inc. in 2003, and was General Manager, Global Retail Industry, IBM Corporation, in 2006. [See note on Linhoff for 361 Summit Avenue.]

1731 Summit Avenue: George G. Whitney House; Built in 1912; Twenties Villa in style; Allen W. Jackson, architect. The structure is a two story, 2640 square foot, 11 room, six bedroom, two bathroom, one half-bathroom, aluminum/vinyl-sided house, with a detached garage. Construction of the house cost $4,500. The 1910-1911 Directory of the University of Minnesota indicates that Marion Prest, a student, resided at this address. In 1916, Miss Marion Prest of St. Paul won a second prize for a lupine at the Minnesota State Fair. The 1918 city directory indicates that Mr. and Mrs. G. G. Whiting resided at this address. The 1924 city directory indicates that Mr. and Mrs. B. P. Rand resided at this address. The 1930 city directory indicates that Mrs. Emily S. Whitacre resided at this address and that Lillian Drake, the widow of Harry E. Drake, was a housekeeper at this address. The current owners of record of the property are Charles J. Michel, Jr., and Mary A. Michel.

1726 Summit Avenue: P. W. Connell/Mrs. Francis J. Connell House; Built in 1906 (1908 according to Ramsey County property tax records;) Queen Anne Rectilinear in style; Louis Lockwood, architect. The structure is a two story, 3130 square foot, 13 room, seven bedroom, two bathroom, two half-bathroom, frame house, with a detached garage. The house was built for $5,000. The 1918 city directory indicates that Mr. and Mrs. Jno Wharry and their daughter resided at this address. The 1924 city directory indicates that Mrs. B. A. Wharry resided at this address. The 1930 city directory indicates that Mrs. Bessie A. Wharry, the widow of John Wharry, and Doris Churchill, a music teacher, resided at this address. Patrick Connell ( -1925) died in Hennepin County. Francis Connell ( -1905) was born in the United States and died in Ramsey County. The property was last sold in 2005 and the sale price was $718,000. The previous owners of record of the property are Mary Lou Byrne and Philip B. Byrne and the current owners of record of the property are Mary M. Lynch and William F. Lynch, Jr. Mary Lou Byrne is an office assistant in the Department of Anthropology at Macalester College. Philip B. Byrne (1938- ) was born in St. Paul, received a bachelor's degree from St Mary's College, Winona, Minnesota, in 1960, received a law degree from the Notre Dame Law School, was Secretary/Treasurer of the Minnesota State Bar Association from 1993 to 1995, was an attorney with the St. Paul City Attorney's office from 1973 to 2000, and represented the State of Minnesota Department of Employment and Economic Development in the Minnesota Court of Appeals case Moore vs. Second Harvest St. Paul Food Bank and the Commissioner of Employment and Economic Development in 2004. Mr. and Mrs. Philip B. Byrne were financial supporters of Second Harvest Heartland in 2004 and 2005. [See note on Lockwood for 1118 Summit Avenue.]

1725 Summit Avenue: Louis F. Shaw House; Built in 1915 (1916 according to Ramsey County property tax records;) Early Modern Georgian Revival in style; Ernest Hartford and Charles Hausler, architects. The structure is a two story, 2946 square foot, ten room, five bedroom, one bathroom, two half-bathroom, stucco house, with a detached garage. The house cost $7,500 to construct. Oakland Cemetery Association records indicate that Elizabeth L. Shaw (1916-1918,) the daughter of Louis F. Shaw, who was born in Minnesota to parents born in the United States and who died of influenza, resided at this address in 1918. The 1918 city directory indicates that Mr. and Mrs. L. F. Shaw resided at this address. Carl A. Linkey was a World War I veteran who resided at this address in 1919. The 1924 city directory indicates that Mr. and Mrs. L. F. Shaw resided at this address. The 1930 city directory indicates that Louis F. Shaw, vice president of the W. R. Shaw Lumber Company, and his wife, Elizabeth L. Shaw, resided at this address. Louis F. Shaw ( -1953) died in Ramsey County. The current owner of record of the property is Jacqueline J. Reeves. [See note on Hausler for 1058 West St. Clair Avenue.]

1722 Summit Avenue: Professor Preston T. Jackson House/Macalester College Student Housing; Built in 1886 (1887 according to Ramsey County property tax records;) Victorian/Vernacular Stick in style; Brack & Brothers, architects and builders. The structure is a 2 1/2 story (two story according to Ramsey County property tax records), 2946 square foot, ten room, five bedroom, two bathroom, one half-bathroom, wood frame house, with a detached garage. Construction of the house cost $3,400. The house has an intersecting hipped and gabled roof that includes one gabled dormer. The house also has two chimneys. It has a shed roofed porch. The dormer has a rounded arch. The porch has been altered. The house is one of the oldest houses on the avenue west of Lexington Avenue. Preston Jackson ( -1937) was involved in real estate. He was an organizer of the Macalester Presbyterian Church and was a member of the Minnesota Historical Society. Reverend R. R. Otis resided at this address according to the 1910 federal census and according to the 1912 city directory. The Reverend R. R. Otis was the pastor of the House of Hope Presbyterian Chapel, established in 1895, as a mission of the House of Hope Presbyterian Church. According to the 1910 federal census, the Macalester Presbyterian Church was located on Summit Avenue at the southwest corner with Cambridge Street, had a membership of 135, and retained the Reverend F. D. McRae as its pastor. The 1918 city directory indicates that Mr. and Mrs. P. T. Jackson and their daughter resided at this address. P. T. Jordan resided at this address in 1914 and in 1924. Oakland Cemetery Association records indicate that Ellen J. Jackson (1848-1920,) the wife of Preston T. Jackson, who was born in Ohio to parents who were born in the United States and who died of cerebral softening, resided at this address in 1920. The 1924 city directory indicates that Mr. and Mrs. P. T. Jackson resided at this address. The 1930 city directory indicates that Preston T. Jackson, a realtor with an office located at 326 Jackson Street, Myron V. Jackson, a salesman employed by Preston T. Jackson, and his wife, Clara W. Jackson, all resided at this address. Myron B. Jackson, Clara Wolf Jackson, Betty J. Jackson, and Robert P. Jackson resided at this address in 1934. Myron B. Jackson graduated from the University of Minnesota. Preston T. Jackson ( -1937) and Robert Roy Otis ( -1943) died in Ramsey County. Myron B. Jackson (1882-1966) was born in Minnesota, had a mother with a maiden name of Gilbert, and died in Ramsey County. Clara W. Jackson (1886-1974) was born outside of Minnesota, had a mother with a maiden name of Baumgartner, and died in Ramsey County. The current owner of record of the property is Marshall B. Jackson. In 1996, the appeal of the marriage dissolution caseAdrianne VanderBorght Jackson v. Marshall B. Jackson was heard by the Minnesota Court of Appeals, in which Marshall B. Jackson unsuccessfully challenged an increased child support obligation. Marshall B. Jackson is associated with MBJ Development, a real estate company.

1719 Summit Avenue: Wilfred Johnson House; Built in 1925; Tudor Villa in style; H. M. Elmer, architect. The structure is a two story, 4041 square foot, ten room, four bedroom, two bathroom, two half-bathroom, masonry and frame house, with a detached garage. The house cost $19,000 to construct. The 1930 city directory indicates that Wilfred T. Johnson, the secretary-treasurer of the C. I. Johnson Manufacturing Company, a printers supply house located at 145 South Wabasha Street, and his wife, Minnie Johnson, resided at this address. Wilfred T. Johnson ( -1946) died in Ramsey County. The current owners of record of the property are Patricia A. Paulus and Stephen H. Paulus. Stephen H. Paulus (1949- ) was born in New Jersey and was raised in Minnesota, is a composer, co-founded the Minnesota Composers Forum in 1973, was a 1982 John Simon Guggenheim Memorial Foundation fellow, was a resident composer at the Tanglewood Festival, the Santa Fe Chamber Music Festival, the Aspen Music Festival, the Oregon Bach Festival, the Aldeburgh (U.K.) Festival, and the Edinburgh, Scotland, Festival, has written over 200 works, including more than 30 works for orchestra, eight operas, dozens of choral works, and works for solo voice and chamber ensembles, is co-founder and a current Board Vice President of the American Composers Forum, and serves on the American Society of Composers, Authors and Publishers (ASCAP) Board of Directors as the Concert Music Representative. Paulus attended Macalester College and the University of Minnesota, receiving his Ph. D. in Music Composition in 1978. Patty Paulus is an artist, and the couple has two sons, Gregory Paulus and Andrew Paulus.

1713 Summit Avenue: F. B. Strunz House; Built in 1908; Tudor Villa in style; John R. Schmit, architect. The structure is a two story, 2783 square foot, nine room, five bedroom, two bathroom, one half-bathroom, masonry and frame house, with a detached garage, which was last sold in 1998 for $315,000. The cost to build the house was $9,000. Oakland Cemetery Association records indicate that Frederick George Prest resided at this address in 1909. The city directory indicates that F. G. Prest resided at this address in 1914. The 1918 city directory indicates that Mr. and Mrs. F. G. Prest and their daughter resided at this address. George G. Prest was a World War I veteran who resided at this address in 1919. The 1924 city directory indicates that Mr. and Mrs. F. G. Prest resided at this address. The 1930 city directory indicates that Mrs. Hattie G. Prest, the widow of Frederick Prest, resided at this address. Frederick G. Prest ( -1928) died in Ramsey County. George G. Prest (1900-1975) was born in Minnesota, had a mother with a maiden name of Gilbert, and died in Ramsey County. The current owners of record of the property are Judith A. Gergen and Robert W. Gergen. Robert W. Gergen is a member of the General John W. Vessey Jr. Chapter of the Association of the United States Army. Robert W. Gergen was a member of the Cretin High School class of 1975.

1705 Summit Avenue: Louis A. Weidenborner House; Built in 1910 (1913 according to Ramsey County property tax records;) Mildly Colonial Revival/Slightly Prairie Style/Simplified Rectilinear in style; H. M. Seby, architect and builder. The structure is a 2 1/2 story (two story according to Ramsey County property tax records), 3949 square foot, three bay, 13 room, six bedroom, three bathroom, brick house, with a detached garage. The house cost $14,000 to build. The house has a hipped roof, three hipped dormers, two chimneys, and an open porch. The house has box-like massing. It also has a small woodframe oriel window on the main facade. The main facade dormer has columns. There is bevelled glass at the house entrance and leaded glass in the window run. A 1981-1982 architectural survey of Summit Avenue characterizes the house as being a disjointed mix of styles. The 1918 city directory indicates that Mr. and Mrs. L. A. Weidenborner resided at this address. The 1924 city directory indicates that I. A. O'Shaughnessy resided at this address. The 1930 city directory indicates that Ignatius O'Shaughnessy and his wife, Lillian O'Shaughnessy, resided at this address. Louis Weidenborner was the president and treasurer of the American Home Furnishings Company. From 1920 to 1942, Ignatius A. O'Shaughnessy and Lillian O'Shaughnessy owned the house. Ignatius Aloysius O'Shaughnessy (1885-1973) was born in Stillwater, Minnesota. He entered St. John's University in Collegeville, Minnesota, in 1901, but stayed only one semester. He then entered the College of St. Thomas in January 1902, where he was a star football player and member of the Philomathic Debating Society. After completing his studies at the College in 1907, I. A. O'Shaughnessy joined his brother John O'Shaughnessy in the insurance business. Also in 1907, he became secretary of the American Athletic Association in St Paul. I. A. O'Shaughnessy was not particularly successful in the insurance venture and soon turned his attention to the oil business as a wildcatter. In 1910, he struck oil with his first well, located just outside of Blackwell, Oklahoma. Continued success in the oil business prompted him to organize and become president of the Globe Oil and Refining Company in 1917. By 1927, he had established the Lorio Oil and Gas Company and, by 1934, he was known as the head of the largest oil refineries owned by an individual in the world. O'Shaughnessy was well known for contributing his wealth to worthy organizations. For the College of St. Thomas campus, he contributed financing toward the construction of O'Shaughnessy Hall in 1943, the Stadium in 1946, Albertus Magnus Hall in 1947, the O'Shaughnessy Library in 1959, and the O'Shaughnessy Educational Center in 1968. All told, he gave nearly $5 million to the College of St. Thomas. He was also a major contributor to the University of Notre Dame in South Bend, Indiana, and the College of St. Catherine in St. Paul. O'Shaughnessy married Lillian Smith in 1908 and the couple had five children, Laurence O'Shaughnessy, John O'Shaughnessy, Donald O'Shaughnessy, Eileen O'Shaughnessy, and Marion O'Shaughnessy. I. A. O'Shaughnessy died in Miami, Florida. There is an annual Laurence O'Shaughnessy Award for Poetry which is presented by the University of St. Thomas Centre for Irish Studies. In 1934, I. A. O'Shaughnessy, Lillian Smith O'Shaughnessy, John O'Shaughnessy, Eileen O'Shaughnessy, Marion O'Shaughnessy, Larry O'Shaughnessy, and Donald O'Shaughnessy resided at this address. The O'Shaughnessy family were members of the Town & Country Country Club, the Minikahda Country Club, and St. Paul Athletic Club in 1934. The current owners of record of the property are Josef Ruzicka and Libuse Ruzicka. Josef Ruzicka was a contributor to the George W. Bush for President campaign in 2004. In 2002, Josef Ruzicka filed an unspecified claim with the City of St. Paul. Mr. and Mrs. Josef Ruzicka were financial supporters of St. Thomas Academy in 2003.

1700 Summit Avenue: Ramsey Junior High School; Original building built in 1926 (1951 according to Ramsey County property tax records) and gymnasium addition built in 1978; Collegiate Gothic/Art Deco in style; St. Paul City Architect, architect, and Perry A. Swanson, builder. The school building originally cost $256,000 and the gymnasium addition cost $841,000. The school is a three story, eight bay, 115863 square foot, brick building with a flat roof. It has elliptical arched entrances and a brick interior chimney. Bruce Maeda is the Principal at the school and about 800 students attend the school. The current owner of record of the property is Independent School District No. 625.

1695 Summit Avenue: Chris Hanson, Jr., House; Built in 1920; very restrained Georgian Revival in style; H. A. Sullwold, architect, and Lange & Krengel, builder. The structure is a 2 1/2 story (two story according to Ramsey County property tax records), 2669 square foot, nine room, five bedroom, one bathroom, one half-bathroom, wood, stone, and brick-sided (brick according to Ramsey County property tax records) house, with an attached garage and a detached garage. The house cost $17,000 to build. The house is a symmetrical, five bay, building with a gabled, clay shingled, roof that has three pedimented gabled dormers. It has a curved entrance porch with slender Tuscan columns. It also has two brick chimneys. Oakland Cemetery Association records indicate that Anna Hansen (1846-1921,) the wife of Christian Hansen, who was born in Denmark to parents born in Denmark and who died of mitral stenosis of the heart, resided at this address in 1921. The 1924 city directory indicates that Mr. and Mrs. Christian Hansen and Mr. and Mrs. Christian Hansen, Jr., all resided at this address. The 1930 city directory indicates that Christian Hansen, Sr., an auditor employed by the Northern Pacific RailRoad, his wife, Rosemarie Hansen, and Christian Hansen, Jr., all resided at this address and that the Christian Hansen Realty Company, operated by Christian Hansen, Jr., was located at this address. Chris Hanson, Jr., was an electrical engineer. Chris Hanson ( -1931) died in Ramsey County. The current owner of record of the property is the trustee of Anne Kristine Beaulieu. The 1924 city directory indicates that Mrs. Bertha McCord resided at the former nearby 1690 Summit Avenue.

1683 Summit Avenue: Orville Helgeson House; Built in 1911; Tudor Villa in style; Gust Anderson, architect. The 1920 city directory indicates that David Bergman was the president of D. Bergman & Company and resided at this address. The structure is a two story, 1810 square foot, eight room, three bedroom, one bathroom, one half-bathroom, brick (masonry and frame according to Ramsey County property tax records) house, with a detached garage. The cost to build the house was $4,500. Oakland Cemetery Association records indicate that Rebecca Kline (1857-1914,) the wife of John Kline, who was born in the United States to parents also born in the United States and who died of an obstruction of the intestines, resided at this address in 1914. The 1918 city directory indicates that Mr. and Mrs. David Bergman resided at this address. The 1920 city directory indicates that David Bergman, the president of D. Bergman & Company, a dealer in hides, resided at this address. The 1924 city directory indicates that Mr. and Mrs. David Bergman resided at this address. The 1930 city directory indicates that David Bergman, who officed at 360 Robert Street, and his wife, Nellie V. Bergman, resided at this address. In 1972-1973, Mark A. van der Ploeg, a Junior at Macalester College, resided at this address. The current owner of record of the property is Ruth V. Mammenga. Ruth Mammenga, with Fred Burke, founded the Pommern (Pomerania) Regional Group of Minnesota, which exists to research Pomeranian ancestry.

1671 Summit Avenue: St. Paul Area Council of Churches; Built in 1952. The structure is a one story, 12968 square foot, building. Minnesota Historical Society records indicate that the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter Day Saints was located at this address from 1955 to 1967 and that the St. Paul Area Council of Churches was located at this address from 1968. The Saint Paul Area Council of Churches connects 168 Saint Paul area congregations from 23 denominations and has been in existence since 1905, the successor to the Ramsey County Sunday School Association. Reverend Grant Abbott, former rector of St. Matthew’s Episcopal Church, became the executive director of the organization in 2003. Tara Mattessich, from Immanuel Lutheran, is the Board President. The organization had a $1.3 million annual budget in Fiscal Year 2003. The current owner of record of the property is St. Paul Area Council of Churches. Minnesota Historical Society records indicate that James G. Robertson resided at the nearby former 1668 Summit Avenue from 1913 to 1926 and that the house was moved to 1747 Summit Avenue in 1926. The 1918 city directory indicates that Mr. and Mrs. J. G. Robertson and H. A. Robertson all resided at the former nearby 1668 Summit Avenue. The 1924 city directory indicates that Mr. and Mrs. J. G. Robertson and H. A. Robertson all resided at the former nearby 1668 Summit Avenue.

1665 Summit Avenue: William B. Harris House; Built in 1924; Tudor Villa in style; H. M. Elmer, architect and builder. The structure is a 2 1/2 story (two story according to Ramsey County property tax records), 4143 square foot, 11 room, six bedroom, three bathroom, one half-bathroom, stucco and half timbered (stucco according to Ramsey County property tax records) house, with an attached garage, which was last sold in 1997 for $382,500. The house cost $17,000 to construct. The house has a large projected gabled wing and a slate roofed intersecting gabled roof that has three shed dormers and one wall dormer. It has one chimney with chimney pots. It also has seven leaded glass windows. The 1930 city directory indicates that Harry L. Bratnober and his wife, Jule Bratnober, resided at this address. William B. Harris was the secretary of the H. Harris Company. William B. Harris ( -1927) died in Ramsey County. The current owners of record of the property are Maria H. O'Phelan and Timothy C. O'Phelan. Maria O'Phelan is a Second Vice President, Group Customer Service and Technology, with Minnesota Life, which is a member of the Securian Financial Group, Inc. Timothy O'Phelan established Minnesota Video Productions in 1982 and currently is producing the Explore Minnesota television program on Fox Sports Net North. Timothy O'Phelan was a financial supporter of Cretin-Derham Hall High School in 2005-2006 and was a member of the Cretin-Derham Hall High School Parents' Association. Tim and Maria O’Phelan are the parents of Timmer O’Phelan, an award winning movie producer, with 2005 regional student Emmys for the Upper Midwest for his videos “Hold On Boy”, “It Broke” and “Protection,” a 2006 honorable mention for his video titled "Lose You," and a 2006 regional Emmy for "Attack of the Space Zombies."

1652 Summit Avenue: Macalester Park Presbyterian Church/Stella Louise Woods Children's Center; Original church built in 1889 and the replacement church built in 1925, with a 1956 expansion; Queen Anne in style; Charles A. Wallingford, architect, and Taylor-Craig Corporation, builder. The original building cost $8,500, the subsequent building cost $73,000, and the expansion cost $230,000. The church is a brick building with a limestone foundation that is "L" shaped with a steeply pitched gabled roof and which has a hipped dormer. There are rose windows on the gabled ends, which project over the first floor. Originally, there was a square entrance tower at the crossing arms of the "L", which has since been removed. The building was moved from the corner of Summit Avenue and Cambridge Street to its present site. The church is the oldest extant church on Summit Avenue. In the early days of 1887, less than five months after Macalester College opened its door, a petition to organize a church at Macalester College was placed before the Presbytery to St. Paul. After years utilizing the college chapel, Macalester Presbyterian Church moved into its own building in 1890, located at Summit and Cambridge. The college asked the church to consider building a sanctuary on property dedicated to be used also as a college Chapel and donated by George Dayton, a college trustee. This new building, the present church, was dedicated in 1925. In 1956, an expansion program was implemented to accomodate a growing congregation. The sanctuary was remodeled, the manse adjoining the Chuch was purchased, space was found for a little chapel and for a library, and a new addition, Westminster Hall, to be used as Sunday School rooms and activities building, was erected. The Plymouth Congregational Church and Macalester Presbyterian Church, in Fall 1968, became the Macalester-Plymouth United Church, with full relationship to both the United Church of Christ and the United Presbyterian Church in the USA. In Summer 2000, Macalester Plymouth and Merriam-Lexington Presbyterian Church merged.

1649 Summit Avenue: Fred Anderson House; Built in 1922; British American Renaissance in style; Lund Wirth, architect. The structure is a two story, 3590 square foot, ten room, five bedroom, three bathroom, two half-bathroom, brick house, with a detached garage. The cost to build the house was $20,000. The 1930 city directory indicates that Frederick B. Anderson and his wife, Agda Anderson, resided at this address. Robert Goff, of Goff & Rosenthal, art dealers with galleries in New York and Berlin, indicates that his family lived at this address for nearly 30 years, that the house was built by the first president of Weyerhauser, and that each tree in the yard represented one of the varieties of pine in their timber operations at the time. Mr. Goff also indicates that a notable event occurred at this address when his family sponsored a fundraiser for Senator Teddy Kennedy (D-Massachussets,) when he was running unsuccessfully for the Democratic nomination for president in 1980, and the boulevard out front was completely overrun with protesters, an event that aggravated the Enestvedt family, who were Republicans, at 1645 Summit Avenue. The property was last sold in 2001 for a purchase price of $1,060,000. The current owners of record of the property are Brian J. Bona and Jacqueline K. Bona. Brian and Jacqueline Bona were financial supporters of Cretin-Derham Hall High School in 2005-2006. The 1930 city directory indicates that the Macalester College Conservatory of Music was located at the former nearby 1648 Summit Avenue.

1645 Summit Avenue: Dr. Robert Earl House; Built in 1922; Georgian Revival/Colonial in style; J. O. Cederburg, architect. The structure is a 2 1/2 story (two story according to Ramsey County property tax records), 3612 square foot, 11 room, six bedroom, four bathroom, one half-bathroom, two fireplace, brick house, with a detached three car garage. The house cost $18,000 to construct. The house has a gabled roof with three gabled dormers and one shed dormer. The house has a symmetrical facade. Minnesota Historical Society records indicate that Robert Earl resided at this address from 1923 to 1948. Robert Earl and George Earl were two well known doctors who were surgeons at the Mounds Park Sanitarium. The 1920 city directory indicates that Dr. Robert O. Earl, a physician and a partner with Dr. George Earl in the Earl Doctors medical practice at the Lowry Building, resided at this address and May L. Earl, a student, boarded at this address. The 1924 city directory indicates that Dr. and Mrs. Robert Earl and their daughter resided at this address. The 1930 city directory indicates that Robert O. Earl, a partner with George Earl, Robert M. Burns, Archibald Leitch, James J. Swendson, Benjamin B. Souster, J. Richards Aurelius, John C. Farrell, J. A. Johnson, J. Allen Wilson, and Warren R. Schram in the Earl Clinic, and his wife, Clara Earl, resided at this address. In 1934, Dr. Robert Earl, Clara Swanstrom Earl, and their son, John Earl, resided at this address and were members of the Town & Country country club, the St. Paul Athletic Club, and the Women's City Club of St. Paul. Minnesota Historical Society records indicate that Miss Woods' School, operated by Macalester College, was located at this address from 1949 to 1953. In 2007, Michele DeYoung applied for a building permit to remove the existing one-story rear addition and construct a two-story addition and the application was reviewed by the St. Paul Heritage Preservation Commission. Dr. Robert Earl was a graduate of the University of Minnesota Medical School in 1896 and John Earl was a graduate of the Harvard University Medical School. Dr. Robert Earl (1872-1948) was born in Elon, Iowa, the son of Mr. and Mrs. P. O. Earl, who were born in Sweden, moved to Minneapolis with his oarents, graduated from the Minneapolis Academy and from the University of Minnesota, was a member of the State Board of Health and of the St. Paul anti-Tuberculosis Committee, was the president of the East Side Commercial Club, was a member of the St. Paul Park Board, is a director of the East St. Paul Bank, was a surgeon at Bethesda Hospital, married Clara/Clare Swanstrom in 1900 and the couple had two children, Mary Lillian Earl (1901- ) and John Robert Earl (1908- .) The Mounds Park Sanitarium, built in 1906 at 200 Earl Street, near Indian Mounds Park, later became Mounds Park Hospital. In 1910, R. O. Earl was the president of the Mounds Park Sanitarium Association, Magnus Larson was the secretary-treasurer of the association, and Supt, Mrs. Bertha Morris was the superintendent of the Mounds Park Sanitarium. The Mounds Park Sanitarium was replaced by a new Mounds Park Hospital located just to the east of the old one in the 1960's. The site of the old hospital became a parking lot for the new hospital. The new Mounds Park Hospital was closed in 1987 and has since become the Marian Center of Saint Paul. Clara S. Earl (1879-1968) was born in Minnesota, had a mother with a maiden name of Olson, and died in Hennepin County. The previous owners of record of the property were C. Thomas Enestvedt and M. Alison Enestvedt and the current owner of record of the property is Jeffrey R. Deyoung. C. Thomas Enestvedt was a financial supporter of Cretin-Derham Hall High School in 2001 and 2006. Alison Enestvedt was a member of the Guild of Catholic Women in 2004 and 2005. C. Thomas Enestvedt and M. Alison Enestvedt were Class of 1965 financial supporters of St. Johns University. Jeffrey R. Deyoung is the managing partner for the Minneapolis region of Virchow, Krause & Company, LLP.

1644 Summit Avenue: Former Macalester College President's House/Hugh S. Alexander Alumni House; Built in 1926; Georgian Revival in style; P. Steenberg, architect and builder (William M. Ingemann, architect, according to the Council of Independent Colleges.) The house is a two story brick house with a gabled slate roof and symmetrical columns. The Hugh S. Alexander Alumni House was named for a former professor of geology (1906-1948) and was built by department store pioneer and early Macalester benefactor George Draper Dayton. It served as a home for Macalester presidents between 1926 and 1984. The 1930 city directory indicates that John C. Acheson, the president of Macalester College, and his wife, Mary V. Acheson, resided at this address. In 1934, John C. Acheson and Mary Berry Acheson resided at this address and were notable members of St. Paul society. George Draper Dayton was a self-educated, highly principled, and energetic man who came to Minnesota in 1880 at age 24. Dayton was the son of a small town physician in upstate New York. George Draper Dayton married Emma Willard in 1878 in Geneva, New York. While overseeing investors' interests in Worthington, Minnesota, he purchased a bank and became one of Worthington's leading citizens. After building a store in 1890 on the corner of Seventh and Nicollet in Minneapolis, leasing it to a dry goods merchant, Goodfellows, and watching the merchant go bankrupt, Dayton became a retailer in 1902. The store, a partnership with his son, Draper Dayton, became profitable by 1903 and remained so thereafter. Draper Dayton died unexpectedly in 1923. His brother, Nelson Dayton, developed a management team to operate the company. His five sons, Donald Dayton, Bruce Dayton, Wallace Dayton, Kenneth Dayton, and Douglas Dayton, assumed leadership, each holding a 20 percent share in the company. The company expanded to other cities and to the suburbs. It also established links with J. L. Hudson of Detroit and Marshall Fields of Chicago. Target, launched in 1963, initiated discount marketing. By 2000, the successor Target Corporation, operated 1,243 stores, with 281,000 employees in 44 states and had a gross sales of $33.1 billion. George Draper Dayton (-1938) died in Hennepin County. George Draper Dayton (1907-1988) was born in Minnesota, had a mother with a maiden name of Winchell, and died in Hennepin County. Former U. S. Senator Mark Dayton (1947- ) is the son of Bruce Dayton and Gwendolen Brandt Dayton and has two sons from his former marriage to Alida Rockefeller, sister of Senator Jay Rockefeller of West Virginia, Eric Dayton and Andrew Dayton.

1635 Summit Avenue: W. N. S. Ivins House/Macalester College School of Journalism/Macalester College International Center/Current Macalester College President's House; Built in 1907 (1910 according to Ramsey County property tax records;) Simplified Rectilinear/Arts and Crafts in style; Clarence H. Johnston, Sr., architect. The structure is a two story, 3976 square foot, ten room, five bedroom, three bathroom, two half-bathroom, masonry and frame house, with a detached garage. The house was initially built for $11,000 (Larson.) The brick and stucco house includes a wrap-around front porch and is dominated by a tall front gable with bracketed eaves. The 1910 city directory indicates that Lillian Hall was a student who boarded at this address. William Ivins and Margaret Ivins sold the house in 1917. The 1918 city directory indicates that Mr. and Mrs. W. N. S. Ivins resided at this address. World War I veteran Herbert E. Sands resided at this address in 1919. Oakland Cemetery Association records indicate that Katherine D. Sands (1868-1921,) the wife of Edward F. Sands, who was born in Pennsylvania to parents born in Germany and who died of cancer of the uterus, resided at this address in 1921. The 1924 city directory indicates that Mr. and Mrs. H. E. Sands, Mrs. E. F. Sands, and Robert Sands all resided at this address. The 1930 city directory indicates that Edward F. Sands, president of Robinson Cary & Sands Company, resided at this address. In 1934, Edward F. Sands, Robert A. Sands, Herbert E. Sands, Sr., Pauline Fryburg Sands, and Herbert E. Sands, Jr., all resided at this address. Two other owners had the property before Macalester College purchased it in 1960. The college sold the property to Christopher Arlandson, a structural engineer and a Clarence Johnston buff, in 2002, but the college bought it back in 2003 for $1.35 million as the house for the new college president, Brian Rosenberg, formerly of Lawrence University in Appleton, Wisconsin. Arlandson intended to restore the house to its original condition as a single-family home and, with designer and contractor Michael Rose, undertook a full restoration and updating of the house. The house now has new windows, redashed stucco, tuckpointed brickwork, and a splendidly restored interior. Macalester College repurchased the house through its High Winds Fund, which specializes in commercial and residential redevelopment aimed at improving the area around the campus. The prior president's residence, at 1750 Summit Avenue, did not work well for receptions and other large gatherings. Local folklore has it that Alex Haley frequented this house when he was at Macalester College in the 1960's and that Malcolm X worked on his autobiography in the house's third floor study in 1962-1963. The Sands family were members of the Somerset Club and the Minikahda Country Club in 1934. Edward F. Sands (1902-1988) was born in Minnesota, had a mother with a maiden name of Dindorf, and died in Ramsey County. Herbert E. Sands ( -1953) died in Ramsey County. Pauline M. Sands (1907-1994) was born in Minnesota, had a mother with a maiden name of Pearson, and died in Ramsey County. The current owner of record of the property is Macalester College. The 1918 city directory indicates that Mrs. J. Mc. Johnson resided at the former nearby __?__. The 1924 city directory indicates that Edward Sands resided at the former nearby 1631 Summit Avenue. The 1930 city directory indicates that Wallace Hall was located at the nearby former 1632 Summit Avenue. [See note on Johnston for 476 Summit Avenue.]

1632 Summit Avenue: Wallace Residence Hall; Built in 1906 and renovated in 2003; Bell & Detweiler, architects. Wallace Hall is a residence hall for 192 students. The brick building with an asphalt shingle roof is the oldest residence hall on campus. The building is known for its hardwood floors, marble staircases, the formal lounge, and old charm. The residence hall originally was occupied solely by women, but is now a co-ed residence hall. The 1915 Woman's Who's who of America, compiled by John William Leonard and published by The American Commonwealth Company of New York, indicates that Julia Macfarlane (Mrs. Richard W.) Johnson, a college professor, resided at this address. The 1920 city directory indicates that Alice M. Clough, a matron for Wallace Hall, resided at this address. Julia Macfarlane Carson Johnson (1860/1862-1935,) the daughter of James Clinton Carson (1811-1870,) a Presbyterian minister, and Julia Ann Macfarlane, was born at Delmont/Salem, Westmoreland County, Pennsylvania, graduated from Mount Holyoke College in 1885, also attended the University of Pennsylvania and the University of Cincinnati, received a master's degreee from the University of Minnesota, married General Richard W. Johnson, U. S. Army, in 1894, taught at Coates College, Terre Haute, Indiana, from 1891 until 1894, was chair of the English Department and Dean of Women at Macalester College from 1897 to 1917, was involved in the woman's suffrage, temperance and peace movements, was a Presbyterian, was a Republican, was a member of the International Peace Association, was a member of the Christian Association, was a member of the Association of Collegiate Alumnae, was a member of the New Century Club, was a member of the Civic League, and was a member of the Mount Holyoke Alumnae, had the hobbies of horseback riding, canoeing, and tramping, was active in committee work of the St. Paul Welfare League, died of pancreatic cancer in St. Paul, and is buried in Oakland Cemetery. Richard W. Johnson (1827-1897,) the son of Dr. James Johnson ( -1837) and Louisa Luna Bingham Johnson ( -1837,) was born in Smithland, Livingston County, Kentucky, was nominated to West Point by Congressman Willis Green of the Second Congressional District for Kentucky, graduated from the United States Military Academy at West Point, New York, in 1849, 30th or 33rd in a class of 43, was assigned to Fort Snelling as a Second Lieutenant in 1849, married Rachael Elizabeth Steele/Rachel E. Steele (1826-1891) in 1850, was reassigned to Texas from 1851 until 1861, served under Robert E. Lee in 1855, escaped the state to Carlisle, Pennsylvania, with his military company upon Texas seccession, became a Brigadier General in the U. S. Army at the start of the American Civil War, was promoted a brevet Major General, participated in battles at Falling Waters, Virginia, Shiloh, Corinth, Liberty Gap, Murfreesboro, Tullahoma, Stone's River, Chickamauga, Chattanooga, Missionary Ridge, Dalton, Georgia, Resaca, Georgia, Kennesaw Mountain, Atlanta, Pulaski, and Nashville, was captured at Hartsfield, Tennessee, by Confederate troops under John Hunt Morgan, and was exchanged in 1862, was severely wounded in the hip and liver by a cannon shell fragment at New Hope Church, Dallas, Georgia, was a Major in the Fourth Cavalry, was provost-marshal-general, and was a judge advocate after the American Civil War, retired from the U. S. Army in 1867, was a professor of military science at the University of Missouri from 1868 until 1869, was a professor of military science (and one of the original nine faculty members) at the University of Minnesota from 1869 until 1870, owned the Thomas Andrews House, 527 5th Street South East in Minneapolis in 1869, moved to St. Paul in 1870, was a member of the Minnesota Historical Society, was engaged in the real estate business as a partner of Colonel D. A. Robertson, was a Ramsey County Commissioner in 1878, was the author of Memoir of Major General George H. Thomas, published by J. B. Lippincott & Company in Philadelphia in 1881, and A Soldier's Reminiscences in Peace and War, published by J. B. Lippincott Company in 1886, was a Democratic candidate for Governor of Minnesota in 1881, losing to Lucius F. Hubbard by 27,857 votes (36.37% to 63.63%,) was a brother-in-law of Franklin Steele and was the executor of his estate, was a member of the St. Paul Chamber of Commerce, was a member of the House of Hope Presbyterian Church, invested in the Imperial Gold Mining Company, Denver, Colorado, a confidence scheme, married Julia Ann MacFarlane Carson in Catasauqua, Pennsylvania, in 1894, was plagued by debtors in the last years of his life, was considered by the U. S. Army for court martial as a retired officer for conduct unbecoming an officer, and died of acute pneumonia in St. Paul. John Milton Johnson, Richard W. Johnson's brother, was a surgeon in the Confederate Army. James Leeper Johnson (1818-1877), a Kentucky State Representative in 1844, a U.S. Representative from Kentucky from 1849 until 1851, a candidate for U.S. Representative from Kentucky in 1857, and a Circuit Court Judge in Kentucky in 1867 also was a brother of Richard W. Johnson. Richard W. Johnson and Rachael Elizabeth Steele Johnson had three children, Alfred Bainbridge Johnson (1853-1897,) Richard Woodhouse Johnson, Jr., (1855-1929,) and Henry Sibley "Harry" Johnson (1859- .) Richard W. Johnson and Julia Macfarlane Carson Johnson had one child, John Macfarlane Johnson (1896- .)

1623 Summit Avenue: D. Simon House; Built in 1914; B. Schmuckler, architect. The structure is a two story, 2579 square foot, nine room, five bedroom, four bathroom, stucco house, with a detached garage, which was last sold in 2000 for $390,000. The cost to build the house was $5,000. The 1918 city directory indicates that Mr. and Mrs. David Simon resided at this address. The 1924 city directory indicates that Mr. and Mrs. M. F. Rosacker resided at this address. The 1930 city directory indicates that Marcus F. Rosacker, the vice president of E. E. Atkinson & Company, and his wife, Mae Rosacker, resided at this address. Benjamin A. Schmuckler ( -1950) died in Ramsey County. The current owners of record of the property are Anna Maria Gaylord and John W. Gaylord. Anna Maria Gaylord is a Middle School mathematics teacher at Minnehaha Academy and was a math coach for Minnehaha Academy for the 2005 Math Counts Chapter Competitions.

1621 Summit Avenue: Built in the 1920's (1919 according to Ramsey County property tax records;) Tudor Rectilinear in style. The structure is a two story, 2778 square foot, 11 room, five bedroom, two bathroom, two half-bathroom, stucco house, with a detached garage, which was last sold in 1996 for $275,000. Construction of the house cost $11,000. The 1924 city directory indicates that Mr. and Mrs. J. G. Tagner resided at this address. The 1930 city directory indicates that John G. Tegner, a credit man, and his wife, Nannie Tegner, resided at this address. The 1964 St. Paul Academy Alumni Directory indicates that Joseph C. Harris, a member of the Class of 1940, resided at this address. The current owners of record of the property are Annika M. Crosby and Shawn P. Crosby. Annika M. Crosby, M.D. is an internal medicine doctor with Allina Hospitals & Clinics. Annika Crosby ran in the 2001 and 2005 Twin City Marathons. Shawn P. Crosby was the inventor, with David C. Roeker and Edward L. Manor, of United States Patent #5469623, a mechanical cutting device, that was assigned to the Minnesota Mining and Manufacturing Company.

1617 Summit Avenue: W. S. Gilliam/Mrs. May/Mary Mather Gilliam House; Built in 1906 (1910 according to Ramsey County property tax records;) Simplified Rectilinear in style; A. Koerner, architect. The structure is a two story, 2778 square foot, 11 room, four bedroom, three bathroom, one half-bathroom, frame house, with a detached garage. Construction cost for the house was $7,000. Oakland Cemetery Association records indicate that Charles Cotton Mather (1832-1909,) the widower father of Mrs. William S. Gilliam, who was born in the United States to parents who were also born in the United States and who died of heart disease, resided at this address in 1909. R. J. Wood resided at this address in 1916. The 1918 city directory indicates that Mr. and Mrs. R. J. Wood and their daughter resided at this address. Elmer W. Wood and Robert E. Wood were World War I veterans who resided at this address in 1919. The 1924 city directory indicates that Mr. and Mrs. D. J. Kerr resided at this address. The 1930 city directory indicates that Duncan J. Kerr, assistant to the vice president of the Great Northern RailRoad, and his wife, Elizabeth M. Kerr, resided at this address. In 1934, Duncan J. Kerr, Elizabeth Hendrie Kerr, Alexander Kerr, William Kerr, John Kerr, Douglas Kerr, and Elsie Kerr resided at this address. The 1964 St. Paul Academy Alumni Directory indicates that Louis Villaume, Jr., a member of the Class of 1931, resided at this address. The Kerr family were members of the Minikahda Country Club. In 1939, Duncan J. Kerr was the author of The Story of the Great Northern Railway Company--and James J. Hill. William Shields Gilliam ( -1926,) William S. Gilliam ( -1935,) and Mary Mather Gilliam ( -1944) all died in Ramsey County. Robert J. Wood ( -1934) and Robert E. Wood ( -1954) both died in Ramsey County. Elmer E. Wood (1888-1983) was born outside of Minnesota, had a mother with a maiden name of Dissmore, and died in Ramsey County. Alexander Castle Kerr (1899-1992) was born in Minnesota, had a mother with a maiden name of Baker, and died in Lyon County, Minnesota. William A. Kerr ( -1945) died in Ramsey County. The current owners of record of the property are John C. Morley, Jr., and Lydia A. Morley. Lydia A. Morley is an attorney and is a member of the Hennepin County Bar Association.

1605 Summit Avenue: Samuel A. Anderson House; Built in 1905 (1906 according to Ramsey County property tax records;) Tudor Revival/Queen Anne Rectilinear in style; E. F. Klinkerfues, architect and builder. The structure is a 2 1/2 story (two story according to Ramsey County property tax records,) 3849 square foot, 11 room, six bedroom, three bathroom, two half-bathroom, wood frame house, with a detached garage, which was last sold in 2002 for $780,000. The house cost $10,000 to construct. The house has an intersecting gable roof and a porch. It has a symmetrical facade. The 1906 Jubilee Manual of the House of Hope Presbyterian Church indicates that Samuel A. Anderson and Marion (Mrs. S. A.) Anderson, a member of the church since 1879 and 1888 respectively, resided at this address. The 1918 city directory indicates that Mr. and Mrs. S. A. Anderson, their daughters, and Miss M. J. Anderson all resided at this address. The 1920 city directory indicates that Samuel A. Anderson, a lawyer who officed at the Exchange Bank Building, resided at this address. The 1924 city directory indicates that Mr. and Mrs. S. A. Anderson and their daughters resided at this address. The 1930 city directory indicates that Samuel A. Anderson, a lawyer who officed at the New York Building, and his wife, Mary Anderson, resided at this address. In 1934, Samuel A. Anderson, Marian Palmer Anderson, and Marian J. Anderson resided at this address and were notable members of St. Paul society. Samuel Anderson (1862-1950) was born in Illinois and was a lawyer in St. Paul. Samuel A. Anderson graduated from the University of Michigan Law School and was the Ramsey County Attorney from 1897 to 1899. Samuel A. Anderson represented Mark M. Kline in the U. S. Supreme Court case Minnesota Iron Company v. Mark M. Kline, 199 U.S. 593 (1905), a case successfully brought on behalf of an injured worker against the employer under a Minnesota law overturning the exception as to the negligence of fellow servants from the general law of master and servant in the case of railroads for completed railroad lines, where the federal constitutionality of the statute was challenged. Samuel A. Anderson also successfully represented Michael A. Popplar in the U. S. Supreme Court case Minneapolis, St. Paul, & Sault Ste. Marie Railway Company v. Michael A. Popplar, as Administrator of the Estate of Richard S. Popplar, 237 U.S. 369 (1915), a case brought on behalf of the estate of a deceased brakeman against the employer under the the Federal Safety Appliance Act and determining the role of alleged company rule disobedience as contributory negligence. The opposing counsel in the 1915 Supreme Court case was M. D. Munn, who was a former Assistant Ramsey County Attorney in 1890. The 1897 Catalogue of the Legal Fraternity of Phi Delta Phi, edited by George Anthony Katzenberger and published by the Inland Press of Ann Arbor, Michigan, indicates that Samuel Archibald Anderson, an 1885 graduate of Knox College of Galesburg, Illinois, an 1887 graduate of the University of Michigan Law School, and a member of the Adelphi Society, was a member of the law firm of Chamberlain & Anderson, which officed at the Gilfillan Block. Samuel Archibald Anderson ( -1950) died in Ramsey County. The current owners of record of the property are Tammy L. Meister and Christopher J. Schirber. Tammy L. Meister graduated from Gustavus Adolphus College in St. Peter, Minnesota, in 1983, graduated from the University of Minnesota Dental School in 1987, completed a one-year General Practice Residency at Hennepin County Medical Center - Minneapolis, completed the Master's Program in TMJ and Craniofacial Pain at the University of Minnesota, worked at the Minnesota Head and Neck Pain Clinic-Minneapolis, completed a Master's degree in orthodontics at the University of Minnesota in 1992, then practiced orthodontics as an associate for three years, and purchased the Grand Avenue Orthodontic practice in 1995. The 1930 city directory indicates that George W. Davis and John P. Hall resided at the former nearby 1596 Summit Avenue.

Summit Avenue: Macalester College Wallace Residential Hall; Built in 1907. Wallace Hall is the oldest residence hall on the Macalester College campus and is now a coed hall. Wallace Hall once housed only women. The exterior of the building was renovated in 1976 and it is popular for its hardwood floors, marble staircase, its formal lounge, and its old charm. The hall is named after Dr. James Wallace, Macalester professor of religion, Greek, and political science from 1887 to 1939, Macalester's acting President from 1894 to 1900, and Macalester's fifth President from 1900 to 1906.

Summit Avenue: Macalester College Doty Residential Hall; Built in 1964. Doty Hall houses students living in singles, doubles, and triples on single-sex floors. Margaret McGregor Doty graduated with the Macalester class of 1914 and was the dean of women at the college from 1924 to 1960. Doty Hall was renovated with new furnishings in 2001. Margaret Doty (1891-1975) was born in Minnesota, had a mother with a maiden name of Smith, and died in Ramsey County.

Summit Avenue: Macalester College Dupre Residential Hall; Built in 1962. Dupre Hall was renovated in the summer of 1994 by a student design team. Dupre Hall is named after J. Huntley Dupre, a history professor at the college from 1946 to 1964 and Dean of the College from 1951 to 1961. Huntley Dupre (1892- ) was the author of Edward Duffield Neill, Pioneer Educator, published in Saint Paul by the Macalester College Press in 1949. He also authored "The Kentucky Gazette Reports the French Revolution" in the Journal of American History in 1939, Lazare Carnot: Republican Patriot in 1940, "The French in Early Kentucky" in Filson Club History Quarterly in 1941, Rafinesque in Lexington, 1819-1826, published by the Bur Press in Lexington, Kentucky, in 1945, and Two Brothers in the French Revolution: Thomas and Robert Lindet. Huntley Dupre corresponded, between 1921 and 1924, with Ruth Rouse relating to Czechoslovakia and involving the World Student Christian Federation. The World Student Christian Federation, formed in 1895, was an ecumenical cooperation organization, with purely Protestant origins, that worked through conferences and committee meetings, publications, exchanges of literature, and visits to national movements by its secretaries and agents, and that expanded its membership in 1911 to include Orthodox Christians. The World Student Christian Federation played a key role in the formation of the World Council of Churches in 1948. Ruth Rouse (1872-1956) was a missionary, a student evangelist, and an ecumenical pioneer.

Summit Avenue: Macalester College Summit House. Summit House is a residence for 17 students and is located on the corner of Summit and Snelling Avenues. The building was renovated in 1999. The house is three stories high, including a ground level. Students live on the ground, second & third floor. Common living space, a full kitchen, and two sun porches are located on the first floor. There are hardwood floors throughout the house. Macalester College is a privately supported coeducational liberal arts college. Macalester College opened at its present site on September 15, 1885. The College's founder was the Rev. Dr. Edward Duffield Neill (1823-1893.) Neill was born in Philadelphia, was graduated from Amherst College in 1842, studied theology at Andover, Massachusetts, and in Philadelphia, moved to St. Paul in 1849, was a pioneer Presbyterian clergyman and educator in Minnesota from 1851 until his death, served as the first Superintendent of Schools for the Minnesota Territory and as Chancellor for the University of Minnesota, was the chaplain of the First Minnesota Regiment from 1861 until 1864 during the American Civil War, was the U. S. Consul in Dublin, Ireland, from 1869 until 1871, was the president of Macalester College in 1873, was a professor at Macalester College from 1884 until 1893, was the secretary of the Minnesota Historical Society from 1851 until 1863, and died in St. Paul. He was also the founding pastor of two St. Paul Presbyterian churches, the House of Hope Presbyterian Church and the First Presbyterian Church. Macalester College is the successor of two academies founded by Neill. One of these schools was founded in St. Paul in 1853 and the other was established in Minneapolis in 1873, after Dr. Neill returned to Minnesota after having served as a secretary under President Abraham Lincoln. Both academies were named after M. W. Baldwin, a famous locomotive builder, who was a close friend of Dr. Neill and who was a financial supporter of his first educational undertaking. In 1873, Dr. Neill sought aid from Charles Macalester (1798-1873,) a prominent businessman and philanthropist from Philadelphia, for the purpose of developing the Baldwin School into a college. Charles Macalester donated a noted summer hotel at St. Anthony Falls in Minneapolis, known as the Winslow House, to the Baldwin school. With that, the new institution was named Macalester College, and was chartered by the Minnesota Legislature in 1874. In order to secure an adequate endowment, Dr. Neill asked the Synod of the Presbyterian Church of Minnesota to adopt Macalester College as a denominational institution. The trustees of the College, in 1883, donated forty acres of land to the institution and sold the Winslow House. With the proceeds of that sale, they erected the original Old Main building in 1884 (the current Old Main was a larger wing added two years later). Also in 1884, the Presbyterian Synod completed an endowment of $25,000 for the president's chair, and in 1885, the College was opened to students. The College first admitted women in 1893. Dr. James Wallace (1849-1939,) who was acting president from 1894 to 1900 and as president from 1900 to 1906, secured the College's lasting reputation for scholastic excellence in its programs and among the faculty and students. During the 1940's, the Scottish heritage of the College's early benefactor, Charles Macalester, became a living force at the College. In 1948, the Chief of the Clan of MacAlister in Scotland, Lt. Colonel Charles Godfrey Summerville McAlister of Loup and Kennox, adopted the College into the Clan. Mr. and Mrs. DeWitt Wallace, co-founders of the Reader's Digest and the College's major recent benefactors, enabled the College to advance markedly. DeWitt Wallace ( -1981) was the son of President James Wallace and was a member of the College's class of 1911. DeWitt Wallace and Lila Acheson Wallace founded the Reader's Digest magazine in 1922 with $5,000 in borrowed money and now has 95 million readers each month. The Wallace Foundation, with $1.25 billion in assets, is the successor in 2003 to the DeWitt Wallace-Reader’s Digest Fund and the Lila Wallace-Reader’s Digest Fund, both founded in the 1950's and have donated money to the college. Macalester College's Fall 2001 enrollment was 1,769 full-time students and 53 part-time students, served by 148 full-time and 57 part-time faculty members. The Baldwin Locomotive Works were founded in 1831 by Matthias Baldwin, with the original plant on Broad Street in Philadelphia, and replaced in 1912 by a new plant in Eddystone. Baldwin built steam locomotives for the Pennsylvania Railroad, the Baltimore & Ohio Railroad, the Atchison, Topeka & Santa Fe RailRoad, and for overseas railroads in England, France, India, Haiti, and Egypt. The Lima-Hamilton Company (a combination of the Lima Machine Works and the General Machinery Corporation of Hamilton, Ohio) merged with Baldwin in 1950 to become the Baldwin-Lima-Hamilton Corporation, but by 1956, BLH ceased production of common carrier size steam locomotives. The 1918 city directory indicates that Prof. and Mrs. H. S. Alexander resided at the former nearby . Wendell S. McRae (1890- ), a First Lieutenant, was a World War I veteran who resided at 1596 Summit Avenue in 1919. The records of the 1919-1920 Minnesota World War I Soldier’s Bonus Board indicate that Wendell S. McRae (1896- ,) a 1917 enlistee and a First Lieutenant in the Marine Corps, who was born in Metropolis, Illinois, who moved to Minnesota in 1907, and a student upon the completion of service, resided at 1596 Summit Avenue with his father, Farquhar D. McRae. The 1920 city directory indicates that Farquhar D. McRae, professor, resided at the former nearby 1596 Summit Avenue. The 1924 city directory indicates that Dr. and Mrs. G. W. Davis, Cuyler McRae, and W. S. McRae all resided at the former nearby 1596 Summit Avenue. Mary S. McRae was the mother of Wendell S. McRae. Farquhar D. McRae and Mary S. McRae resided at 41 Macalester Avenue in 1917. Janet Davis Wallace ( -1916), the wife of James Wallace, died in Ramsey County. The Janet Wallace Fine Arts Center at the college is named after DeWitt Wallace’s mother.

1591 Summit Avenue: Frank J. Waterous House; Built in 1904; Craftsman/Queen Anne Rectilinear in style; Thomas Ivey, architect and builder. The structure is a 2 1/2 story (two story according to Ramsey County property tax records), 3644 square foot, 11 room, six bedroom, three bathroom, one half-bathroom, wood frame and clapboard (frame according to Ramsey County property tax records) house, with a detached garage, which was last sold in 1998 for $274,000. It cost $6,500 to build the house. The house has an intersecting gable roof and two gabled dormers. The 1918 city directory indicates that Mr. and Mrs. F. J. Waterous resided at this address. World War I veteran Fred A. Waterouse resided at this address in 1919. The records of the 1919-1920 Minnesota World War I Soldier’s Bonus Board (#7201) indicate that Fred Augustus Waterous (1895- ,) a 1917 enlistee and a First Lieutenant in the Signal Corps, who was born in St. Paul, served in the American Expeditionary Force in France, including the Somme Offensive anf the Meuse-Argonne Offensive, was a student after the completion of service, and was unmarried, resided with his father, Frank J. Waterous, at this address. The 1924 city directory indicates that Mr. and Mrs. F. J. Waterous and F. A. Waterous all resided at this address. The 1930 city directory indicates that Frank J. Waterous, president of the Waterous Company, manufacturers of motor driven fire apparatus, rotary pumps, fire hydrants, and water works supplies, resided at this address. In 1972-1973, Chris L. Cook, a Freshman at Macalester College, resided at this address. In 1881, Frank J. Waterous opened the Winnipeg branch of the Waterous Engine Works Company, formerly the P. C. Van Brocklin Foundry in Brantford, Ontario, Canada, and purchased by Charles Waterous in 1855, and was joined by his twin brother, Fred L. Waterous, two years later. In 1886, Fred Waterous and Frank Waterous moved the fire engine manufacturing plant from Winnipeg to South St. Paul, Minnesota. In 1898, Waterous revolutionized firefighting with the first gasoline-engine-driven fire pump. In 1929, the Waterous Company built its last complete piece of fire apparatus and began specializing in the manufacture of fire pumps, hydrants, valves and accessories. In 1989, the American Cast Iron Pipe Company purchased the Waterous Company. Donald J. Haugen is the President and CEO of the Waterous Company. Frank J. Waterous ( -1940) died in Ramsey County. Fred Jos. Waterous ( -1919) died in Ramsey County. Frederick A. Waterous (1895-1980) was born in Minnesota, had a mother with a maiden name of Steele, and died in Ramsey County. The current owner of record of the property is David C. Anderson. The 1906 Jubilee Manual of the House of Hope Presbyterian Church indicates that Jessie (Mrs. John) Pringle, a member of the church since 1898, resided at the nearby former 1586 Summit Avenue.

1583 Summit Avenue: M. A. Tschida House; Built in 1925; Early Modern Georgian Revival in style; Joseph Tierz, architect. The structure is a two story, 2609 square foot, ten room, three bedroom, two bathroom, one half-bathroom, aluminum/vinyl-sided house, with a detached garage, which was last sold in 2002 for $485,000. The cost to build the house was $10,000. Minnesota Historical Society records indicate that Michael A. Tschida resided at this address in 1926. The 1930 city directory indicates that Michael A. Tschida, a restauranteur located at 618 Como Avenue and 464 Wabasha Street and a soft drink vender located at 497 Wabahsa Street, and his wife, Ann Tschida, resided at this address. Michael A. Tschida (1883-1966) was born in Minnesota, had a mother with a maiden name of Gardner, and died in Ramsey County. The current owners of record of the property are Daniel S. McGrath and Carolyn M. Will. Daniel S. McGrath graduated from the University of Minnesota in 1984 and from the William Mitchell College of Law in 1988, is an attorney, and is a member of the law firm Steingart, McGrath & Moore , P.A.

1576 Summit Avenue: Hugo Hurschman House/Macalester College International Center; Built in 1914; Tudor Revival/Tudor Villa/Maison Francaise in style; Peter J. Linhoff, architect, and Lindstrom & Anderson, builder. The house was a 2 1/2 story, 5830 square foot, 18 room, 14 bedroom, three bathroom, one half-bathroom, brick and stucco (stucco according to Ramsey County property tax records) house with an intersecting gable roof and one segmental arched dormer. The construction cost for the house was $15,300. The 1918 and 1924 city directories indicate that Mr. and Mrs. Hugo Hirschmann resided at this address. The 1930 city directory indicates that Hugo Hirschman, the president of Bannon's Inc., a department store, his wife, Selma Hirschman, and Julian Hirschman, secretary of Bannon's, Inc., all resided at this address. Hurschman was the president of J. Rothschild & Company, a wholesale millinery company. The current owner of record of the property is Macalester College. The 1879 city directory indicates that William H. Leib, a teacher of vocal culture with a studio located on the Odd Fellows Block, resided in the Reserve Township at the nearby corner of Snelling Avenue and Summit Avenue. William H. Leib (1842-1923,) the son of Benjamin F. Leib and Nancy Schmidt Leib, both of Pennsylvania, was a tenor and a professor of music at the University of Minnesota who resided in Quincy, Illinois, and, in the 1880's, in St. Paul, who was the father of Fred Leib (1866-1871) and of Charles H. Leib, who was a member of the Minnesota Music Teachers Association, who was the Vice President for Minnesota of the Music Teachers National Association from 1882 until 1885, who was the first representative of the State of Minnesota to the Music Teachers National Association in 1883, and who died in Joplin, Missouri. William H. Leib was the director of the House of Hope choir, arrived in the Twin Cities in 1875, and departed in 1885 to go to Kansas City, Missouri. In Kansas City, Leib established an oratorio society and an endowment fund for sick or aged musicians, the Leib Honor Fund. He was well-known as a soloist and performed at the Great Musical Festival at Minnetonka Park in 1879, when Dr. W. O. Perkins of Boston trained a large group to sing Haydn's Creation and Leib sang the part of Uriel. Leib formed the Gale-Leib Opera Comique Company with Harlow A. Gale and they performed H.M.S. Pinafore with Seibert's Orchestra. In 1879, Leib also performed a part in Queen Esther, a work presented in full Median, Persian and Jewish costume. Leib retired in 1915 at his brother's home in Joplin, Missouri, where he died, and was buried in Fairview Cemetery in Joplin, Missouri. Fred Leib was kidnapped in Cook County, Illinois, and was never recovered. Charles H. Leib lived in Minneapolis in 1923. [See note on Linhoff for 361 Summit Avenue.]

1575 Summit Avenue: Harry Drauger House; Built in 1908 (1909 according to Ramsey County property tax records;) Colonial Revival/Mission/Georgian Rectilinear in style; C. M. Brettschneider, architect and builder. The house cost $18,000 to construct. The house is a 2 1/2 story, 4444 square foot, 11 room, five bedroom, three bathroom, one half-bathroom, brick house, with a multiple hip roof and two hipped dormers. The 1918 city directory indicates that Mr. and Mrs. A. M. Atkinson resided at this address. The 1920 city directory indicates that Alf M. Atkinson, the treasurer of E. E. Atkinson & Company, resided at this address and that Selma Felt was a cook at this address. The 1924 city directory indicates that Mr. and Mrs. A. M. Atkinson resided at this address. Oakland Cemetery Association records indicate that Hannah Lundgren (1901-1926,) the unmarried employee of Mrs. A. M. Atkinson, who was born in Sweden to parents born in Sweden and who died of tubercular meningitis, resided at this address in 1926. The 1930 city directory indicates that Alfred M. Atkinson, the secretary-treasurer of E. E. Atkinson & Company, womens and misses outfitters, and his wife, Dorothy Atkinson, resided at this address. In 1934, Alfred J. Jennings resided at this address and was a member of the Minikahda Country Club, the St. Paul Athletic Club, the Somerset Club, and the University Club. In 1972-1973, Richard Wilson, a Senior at Macalester College, and Bruce Conway, a Senior at Macalester College, both resided at this address. The property was last sold in 1998 for $430,500. Drauger was a partner in Clement, Drauger, & Company. The current owners of record of the property are David D. Dorris and Louis G. Stanfield. In 2004, David D. Dorris was granted a variance by the City of St. Paul to build a 41' X 24' detached garage in the rear yard at this address. In 2003, the Minnesota Board of Architecture issued a cease and desist order and fine against David D. Dorris for holding himself out to the public as an architect in the State of Minnesota, although unlicensed, in a written communication to the City of St. Paul Deputy Mayor and to the City of St. Paul Director of License, Inspections & Environmental Protection.

1568 Summit Avenue: F. M. Wheeler House/Macalester College Residence; Built about 1920; Georgian Revival in style; Peter Dowling, architect and builder. The house is a 2 1/2 story brick house, with a gabled roof and two gabled dormers with returns. The house has symmetrical design. Oakland Cemetery Association records indicate that Mrs. Edith Pierson Wheeler resided at this address in 1914. Oakland Cemetery Association records indicate that Elizabeth Wheeler (1830-1917,) the widowed mother of Edith P. Wheeler, who was born in Connecticut to parents born in Ireland and in the United States and who died of apoplexy, resided at this address in 1917. The 1918 city directory indicates that Mrs. Francis M. Wheeler resided at this address. The records of the 1919-1920 Minnesota World War I Soldier’s Bonus Board (#19624) indicate that Cecil Theron Spear (1893- ,) a 1918 draftee and a Corporal in Company F of the 311th Engineers, who was born in Greeley, Colorado, moved to Minnesota in 1912, had blue eyes, light hair, and a light complexion, was 5' 9" tall, was a railroad worker at induction, was unemployed after the completion of service, and was unmarried, resided at this address. The 1924 city directory indicates that Mr. and Mrs. A. W. Trenholm, their daughter, and G. T. Trenholm all resided at this address. The 1930 city directory indicates that John H. Burr, a salesman employed by the Waldorf Paper Company, and his wife, Elizabeth Burr, resided at this address. The 1939 St. Paul Academy Alumni Directory indicates that John Humbird Burr (1907- ,) who attended the school from 1917 until 1921, was a 1928 graduate of Princeton University, and was employed by the Waldorf Paper Company, resided at this address. John Humbird Burr married Elizabeth Gifford of Tarrytown, New York, in 1928, and the couple had three children, Jane Burr (1929- ,) John Burr, Jr. (1932- ,) and George Burr (1935-.) Wheeler was an insurance agent for Aetna Life Insurance Company. Peter Dowling ( -1915) died in Ramsey County. The current owner of record of the property is Macalester College. According to Ramsey County property tax records, the property in 2005 was a vacant residential lot.

1567 Summit Avenue: John J. Dobson House; Built in 1906 and altered in 1914 (1914 according to Ramsey County property tax records); Tudor Revival/Prairie Influence/Tudor Villa in style; Mark Fitzpatrick, original architect, and C. J. Buell, original builder, and Lindstrom & Anderson, alteration builder. The house cost $6,500 to construct. The house is a 2 1/2 (two story according to Ramsey County property tax records) story, 5324 square foot, 12 room, six bedroom, three bathroom, two half-bathroom, brick and frame (masonry and frame according to Ramsey County property tax records) house, with an intersecting gable roof and four dormers, two gabled, one hip, and one shed, and with one four room, one bathroom, 940 square foot bungalow-style attached carriage house/garage and one detached garage. The 1918 city directory indicates that Mr. and Mrs. H. L. Mundy resided at this address. The 1920 city directory indicates that Evelyn V. Bhuber, a clerk employed by the Tri-State Telephone & Telegraph Company, boarded at this address. The 1924 city directory indicates that Mr. and Mrs. H. L. Mundy resided at this address. The 1930 city directory indicates that Harry L. Mundy, the president-treasurer of A. Guthrie & Company, and his wife, Lota Mundy, resided at this address. Dobson was the manager of the Northwestern Newspaper Union, which was part of the St. Paul Pioneer Press. Harry L. Mundy lived at this address in 1912 and undertook the 1914 alterations. In 1934, Harry L. Mundy, Lota McMillan Mundy, Harry Mundy, Guthrie Mundy, and Anne Mundy resided at this address. In 1908, Arthur W. Mundy, a superintendent of the Golden Rule Department Store, boarded at 676 Summit Avenue, that Clara E. Mundy, the widow of Edward O. Mundy, resided at 676 Summit Avenue, and that Harry L. Mundy, an employee of A. Guthrie & Company, boarded at 676 Summit Avenue. Anne Mundy was a graduate of Vassar College. The Mundy family were members of the Minikahda Country Club, the Schubert Club, and the Women's City Club of St. Paul in 1934. Clara E. Mundy ( -1920) died in Ramsey County. John J. Dobson ( -1934) died in Hennepin County. The current owners of record of the property are Allan L. Lange and Hella L. Lange. Allan Lange is a psychology instructor at Normadale Community College in Bloomington, Minnesota. Hella L. Lange is a psychology instructor and psychology department chair at Normadale Community College in Bloomington, Minnesota. [See note on Fitzpatrick for 470 Summit Avenue.]

1559 Summit Avenue: Celia Friedman House; Built in 1920; Early Modern Rectilinear in style; Peter J. Linhoff, architect. The structure is a two story, 4204 square foot, 14 room, six bedroom, four bathroom, stucco house, with a detached garage, which last sold in 1994 for $241,250. The house cost $15,000 to construct. The 1924 city directory indicates that Mr. and Mrs. Leonard Lampert and Leonard Lampert all resided at this address. Oakland Cemetery Association records indicate that Mary E. Monkhouse (1860-1926,) the widowed mother of Marjorie Monkhouse, who was born in Minnesota to parents born in England and in the United States and who died of edema of the lungs and myocarditis, resided at this address in 1926. The 1930 city directory indicates that Samuel Bronstien, Sr., the president-treasurer of the U. S. Bedding Company, his wife, Ann Bronstein, Samuel Bronstien, Jr., the vice president of the U. S. Bedding Company, and his wife, Celia Bronstien, all resided at this address. In 1934, Ursula Stewart Wheaton, the widow of Charles A. Wheaton, and Ursula S. Wheaton resided at this address and summered in Brule, Wisconsin. The 1950 St. Paul Academy Alumni Directory indicates that Edward P. Davis (1912- ,) who attended the school from 1923 until 1930, who graduated from Harvard University in 1934, who was an instructor at Harvard University from 1934 until 1935, who was employed as a physicist by the Minnesota Mining & Manufacturing Company, and who pursued the hobbies of canoeing, tennis, skiing, and home fix-it projects, resided at this address. The 1964 St. Paul Academy Alumni Directory indicates that Roland M. Earl, a member of the Class of 1928, resided at this address. Ursula Stewart Wheaton ( -1943) died in Ramsey County. Celia Friedman (1908-1987) was born in Minnesota, had a mother with a maiden name of Colevsky, and died in Ramsey County. The property was last sold in 1994 and the sale price was $241,250. The previous owner of record of the property is Nemat Abdul Al and the current owner of record of the property is Pamala J. Attia. [See note on Linhoff for 361 Summit Avenue.]

1550 Summit Avenue: Immaculate Heart of Mary Catholic Church and School/The Art Academy; Built in the 1950's (1949 according to Ramsey County property tax records). The church is a three story, 48324 square foot, building. The church was founded in 1949 and is staffed by priests of the Jesuit (Society of Jesus) religious order and Chuck Burns, S.J., is the pastor of the church. The church partners with St. Like's Catholic Church, located at 1079 Summit Avenue. The Society of Jesus is a religious order founded in 1540 by Inigo Lopez de (Ignatius) Loyola y Onaz (1491-1556,) a Basque nobleman and soldier who had his right leg shattered by a French cannon ball in defending the Spanish border fortress of Pamplona in 1521, who, after some troubles with the Spanish Inquisition, studied for the priesthood in Paris and Venice, and who wrote the Spiritual Exercises. The title of the religious order was Latinized into "Societas Jesu" in the Bull of Pope Paul III approving its formation and the first formula of its Institute in 1540. The term "Jesuit" is of 15th Century origin and meant a person who too frequently used or who appropriated the name of Jesus, was first applied to the Society of Jesus in reproach during the period 1544 to 1552, was never employed by its founder, but was eventually accepted by members and friends of the Society in time as a conventional name in its better use sense. The Society ranks among religious institutes as a mendicant order of clerks regular or a body of priests organized for apostolic work, following a religious rule, and relying on alms for their support under the Bull of Pope Pius V, "Dum indefessae", in 1571, and the Bull of Pope Gregory XIII, "Ascendente Domino", in 1585. The Society was not founded with the avowed intention of opposing Protestantism, but Saint Ignatius Loyola's early plan was rather the conversion of Mohammedans. The early Jesuits were sent by Ignatius first to pagan lands or to Catholic countries. The early Jesuits were sent to Protestant countries only at the special request of the pope and were sent to Germany, the cradle-land of the Reformation, at the urgent solicitation of the imperial ambassador. From the very beginning of the order, the missionary labours of the Jesuits among the pagans of India, Japan, China, Canada, Central America, and South America were an important activity. In the course of the propagation and the strengthening of the Catholic faith, the Jesuits naturally came to endeavor to counteract the spread of Protestantism and became the main instruments of the Counter-Reformation, the re-conquest of southern and western Germany and Austria for the Church, and the preservation of the Catholic faith in France. Michael Accolti (1807-1878,) Charles Albanel (1613/1616-1696,) Claude Allouez (1620-1689,) Jean-Pierre Aulneau (1705-1736,) Robert Bellarmine (1542-1621,) Pierre Biard (1576-1622,) Francis Borgia (1510-1572,) Jean de Brebeuf (1593-1649,) Edmund Campion (1540-1581,) Noel Chabanel (1613-1649,) Claude-Godefroi/Godefroy Coquart (1706-1765,) Antoine Daniel (1601-1648,) Peter DeSmet (1801-1873,) Gabriel Druillettes (1610-1681,) Charles Garnier (1606-1649,) Aloysius Gonzaga (1568-1591,) Réne Goupil (1607-1642,) Isaac Jogues (1607-1646,) Eusebio Francisco Kino (1645-1711,) Gabriel Lalement (1610-1649,) Jean de la Lande ( -1646,) Jacques Marquette (1636-1675,) Ennemond Massé (1574-1646,) Paul Miki (1562-1597,) John Nobili (1812-1856,) Charles Van Quickenborne (1788-1857,) and Francis Xavier (1506-1552) are famous Jesuits. The Highland Park Montessori preschool is also located at this address. The Art Academy is located at the old IHM school and is a school offering drawing and painting lessons for children ages 5-18 and for adults. The current owner of record of the property is Immaculate Heart of Mary Catholic Church.

1543 Summit Avenue: C. F. Phillips House; Built in 1913; Tudor Villa in style; __?__ Sjostrand, architect. The structure is a two story, 5277 square foot, 12 room, six bedroom, four bathroom, one half-bathroom, masonry and frame house, with an attached garage. The cost to build the house was $12,500. Minnesota Historical Society records indicate that Charles F. Phillips resided at this address from 1914 to 1946. The 1918 and 1924 city directories indicate that Mr. and Mrs. C. F. Phillips resided at this address. The 1930 city directory indicates that Mrs. Frances V. Phillips, the widow of Charles F. Phillips, resided at this address. Charles Franklin Phillips ( -1927) died in Ramsey County. The current owner of record of the property is Immaculate Heart of Mary Catholic Church.

1537 Summit Avenue: Leonard Lampert, Jr. House; Built in 1925; Georgian Revival in style; Gust Anderson, architect. The house cost $15,000 to construct. Leonard Lampert, Jr. (1891-1985) was born in Mankato, Minnesota, was a lumberman in St. Paul, and died in Minneapolis. He was married to Geraldine O'Shaughnessey (1899-1978) in 1922. Their son, John Richard (Jack) Lampert (1923- ) studied Engineering at Yale University and was the President And CEO of Lampert Lumber Company until it was sold in 1989. He was married to Judith Ballinger. Originally founded in 1887 by two brothers, Jacob Lampert and Leonard Lampert, Sr., in Sleepy Eye, Minnesota, Lampert Yards retail lumber business currently operates 37 lumber yards in Wisconsin, Minnesota, Iowa and South Dakota. Jacob Lampert managed the initially purchased lumber yard at Sleepy Eye, while Leonard Lampert, Sr., next ran a lumber yard purchased in 1890 in Mankato, Minnesota. Since Lamperts was dealing in large quantities of lumber, it was decided that its headquarters should be moved closer to the source of supply, which was primarily in northern Minnesota and Wisconsin. In 1900, the General Office was moved to the Twin Cities. Jacob Lampert and Leonard Lampert each thought his son was the most qualified to run the company. Because of this, a major development occurred in 1924, with the splitting of the company. Leonard Lampert, Sr., retained all properties west of a line from Duluth to Mankato, to approximately Sioux City, Iowa. Leonard Lampert, Sr.’s, company eventually became known as Lampert Lumber. Jacob Lampert kept those yards east and south of that line. His company became known as Lampert Yards. In addition to lumber, Lampert Yards sells a full line of building materials such as windows, doors, paint, and carpeting and provides customized assistance for remodeling projects, decks and gazebos, storage sheds and specialty buildings. Leonard Lampert ( -1927) died in Ramsey County. Leonard Lampert (1891-1985) was born in Minnesota, had a mother with a maiden name of Schwartz, and died in Hennepin County. Geraldine Antoinette Lampert (1899-1979) was born in Minnesota, had a mother with a maiden name of Sullivan, and died in Hennepin County.

1531 Summit Avenue: Built in 1925. The structure is a two story, 4193 square foot, 11 room, six bedroom, three bathroom, one half-bathroom, stucco house, with a detached garage. The 1930 city directory indicates that Leonard J. Lampert and his wife, Geraldine Lampert, resided at this address. The 1950 St. Paul Academy Alumni Directory indicates that Forrest L. Daniels (1919- ,) who attended the school from 1929 until 1933, who attended Yale University, who served as a Lieutenant Commander in the U. S. Navy during World War II, who was employed as the Feed Department manager by the Archer-Daniels-Midland Company, who was a vestryman at St. Paul's Church, who was a 32nd degree Mason, who was a Shriner, who was a member of the Board of Governors of the University Club, who was a member of the Somerset Country Club, and who pursued the hobbies of writing, photography, gardening, and hunting, resided at this address. Forrest L. Daniels married Nancy Clarkson in 1941 and the couple had two children, Thomas Truman Daniels (1942- ) and William Clarkson Daniels (1946- .) The 1964 St. Paul Academy Alumni Directory indicates that William J. O'Brien, Jr., a member of the Class of 1947, resided at this address. The current owners of record of the property are Eugene D. Richards and Jane H. Richards. Eugene Richards was a 1948 graduate of Cretin High School and is a financial supporter of Cretin Derham Hall High School in 2005-2006. Jane and Eugene Richards were financial supporters of the Fairview Foundation and the Ebenezer Foundation in 2000 and Guild Incorporated in 2004. The 1930 city directory indicates that Leon G. Bigelow, the president of the Bigelow-McGill Company, an envelope manufacturer, and his wife, Hazel Bigelow, resided at the former nearby 1529 Summit Avenue.

1525 Summit Avenue: Dr. Arthur Sweeney House; Built in 1910 (Sandeen; 1909 according to Ramsey County property tax records; 1910-1911 according to Larson); Georgian Revival in style; Clarence H. Johnston, Sr., architect; Minnesota Investment Company, builder. The house was built for $15,000 (Sandeen and Larson.) The house is a 2 1/2 story, 4535 square foot, 11 room, five bedroom, four bathroom, one half-bathroom, brick house with an intersecting gable roof, which has three pedimented gabbled dormers. It also has fluted Corinthian columns and two detached garages. The 1918 city directory indicates that Dr. and Mrs. Arthur Sweeney and their daughter resided at this address. The 1924 city directory indicates that Dr. and Mrs. Arthur Sweeney and Miss J. V. Sweeney all resided at this address. In 1934, Herbert H. Bigelow, Frances Gillette Bigelow, and Leon G. Bigelow resided at this address and were notable members of St. Paul society. The 1939 St. Paul Academy Alumni Directory indicates that Herbert H. Bigelow II, a member of the Class of 1931 or 1935, resided at this address. The 1950 St. Paul Academy Alumni Directory indicates that David Butler (1930- ,) the son of Hazen E. Butler, who attended the school from 1941 until 1944, resided at this address. Arthur Sweeney (1858-1928) was born in Lawrence, Massachusetts, and graduated from the Harvard Medical School in 1886. He was a medical jurisprudence expert and taught at the University of Minnesota Medical School for 34 years. He was a neurologist and was a founder of the St. Paul Science Museum. Arthur A. Sweeney ( -1928) died in Ramsey County. Herbert Hase Bigelow ( -1933) died in Lake County, Minnesota. Herbert H. Bigelow (1918-1960) was born in Minnesota and died in Rice County, Minnesota. Frances Gillette Bigelow ( -1933) died in Ramsey County. Leon G. Bigelow ( -1935) died in Ramsey County. The previous owners of record of the property were Anne H. Nickoloff and Robert S. Nickoloff and the current owners of record of the property are Kathryn D. Kennedy and Simon James Kennedy. In 2003, Anne Nickoloff was a financial supporter of the Randy Kelly for St. Paul Mayor campaign and resided at this address. Robert S. Nickoloff is an attorney, is a member of the Minnesota State Bar Association Range District Bar Association, and is Chief Legal Officer of Venturi Group, LLC. Robert S. Nickoloff graduated from Wesleyan University in Middletown, Connecticut, and from the University of Michigan Law School, was a platoon commander with the First Marine Division in Korea in 1951-1952, recently retired as a director of Minnesota Power, has been a general partner of Medical Innovation Partners since 1988, served as chairman of the Board of Governors of the University of Minnesota Hospital and Clinic, was a member of the University's Office of Research and Technology Transfer Evaluation Council, and is currently a director of Northeast Ventures. [See note on Johnston for 476 Summit Avenue.]

1524 Summit Avenue: St. Paul's Church on the Hill (Episcopal)/El Santo Nino Spanish Episcopal Mission; Church Built in 1913; Additional buildings built in 1922 and 1952; English Gothic Revival church in style; Emanuel L. Masqueray, church architect. Construction of the church building cost $65,000. The 1930 city directory indicates that the St. Paul Episcopal Church on the Hill was located at this address. The church was the third Protestant Episcopal church founded (1856) in Minnesota. The church, originally located at Ninth and Olive Streets, moved in 1912 to its present location on Summit Avenue and Saratoga Street. The nine-tenths of one acre property contains three buildings. The church is a one story 13960 square foot, stone building with a gabled roof that has a large rose window that was designed by Carl Hagedorn. Much of the church's interior was salvaged from the first church building. The second building is a two story, 4800 square foot building and the third building is a one story 4100 square foot building. Currently, Theodore Neuhaus is the Rector and Ernest Lottsfeldt is the Assistant Priest for St. Paul's Church on the Hill. St. Paul's Church on the Hill has approximately 200 members. Rev. Joel Almono is the Vicar for the El Santo Nino Spanish Episcopal Mission. El Santo Nino Spanish Episcopal Mission has approximately 100 members. The current owner of record of the property is the Vestry of St. Paul's Church. [See note on Masqueray for 225 Summit Avenue.]

1516 Summit Avenue: Walter F. Lindeke House; Built in 1908; Queen Anne Rectilinear in style; Peter J. Linhoff, architect. The structure is a two story, 3097 square foot, nine room, five bedroom, two bathroom, one half-bathroom, frame house, with a detached garage. The construction cost for the house was $7,000. The property was last sold in 2003 with a sale price of $650,000. Oakland Cemetery Association records indicate that Walter F. Lindeke (1879-1912,) the husband of Ethel Xanten Lindeke, who was born in Minnesota to parents born in Germany and in the United States and who died of pneumonia, resided at this address in 1912. The 1918 city directory indicates that Mrs. W. F. Lindeke resided at this address. The 1924 city directory indicates that Dr. and Mrs. A. W. Whitney resided at this address. The 1930 city directory indicates that Mrs. Clara V. Whitney resided at this address. Walter Frank Lindeke ( -1912) died in Ramsey County. The current owners of record of the property are James G. Wieland and Jennifer M. Wieland. [See note on Linhoff for 361 Summit Avenue.]

1515 Summit Avenue: Arthur W. Wallace House; Built in 1906; Classical Revival/Colonial Revival/Queen Anne Rectilinear in style; Louis Lockwood, architect, and Baumeister Brothers, builder. The house is a 2 1/2 story, 3724 square foot, 11 room, five bedroom, one bathroom, two half-bathroom, wood frame and clapboard structure, with an intersecting hip and gable roof and one pedimented dormer and with a detached garage. It also has leaded arched windows. The 1918 city directory indicates that Mr. and Mrs. A. W. Wallace resided at this address. The 1920 city directory indicates that Arthur W. Wallace, in real estate, resided at this address. The 1924 city directory indicates that Mr. and Mrs. Arthur Wallace resided at this address. The 1930 city directory indicates that Arthur W. Wallace and his wife, Bertha A. Wallace, resided at this address. Arthur Wallace was a real estate broker. Walter H. Baumeister was born in Minnesota in 1906 and died in 1958. William Baumeister (1874-1946) was born in Germany. Arthur Wilson Wallace ( -1950) died in Ramsey County. The current owners of record of the property are Cynthia A. M. Schufman and Joseph L. Schufman. Joseph Schufman is amember of Nativity Church, Stanford Avenue at Prior Avenue South, is a financial supporter of Cretin-Derham Hall High School in 2005, and also owns land in the Town of Naples, Buffalo County, Wisconsin. [See note on Lockwood for 1118 Summit Avenue.]

1510 Summit Avenue: Dr. Charles R. Ball House; Built in 1907; Colonial Revival/Queen Anne Rectilinear in style; Charles E. Johnson, architect. The cost to build the house was $7,000. The house is a 2 1/2 story, 3029 square foot, ten room, five bedroom, three bathroom, wood frame and clapboard structure with an intersecting hip and gable roof and two gabled dormers and with a one car detached garage. The house has a symmetrical facade. It also has a large open porch. Oakland Cemetery Association records indicate that Charles Joseph Ball (1901-1910,) the son of Charles R. Ball, who was born in the United States to parents also born in the United States and who died of scarlet fever, resided at this address in 1910. The 1918 city directory indicates that Mr. and Mrs. C. R. Ball resided at this address. The 1920 city directory indicates that Charles R. Ball, M. D., a partner with Dr. Edward J. Engberg in the physicians' office of Ball & Engberg, located at the Lowery Building, resided at this address and that Josephine Ball, a student, boarded at this address. The 1924 city directory indicates that Dr. and Mrs. C. N. Ball and their daughter resided at this address. The 1930 city directory indicates that Charles R. Ball, a physician associated with the St. Paul Nervous Clinic, located at 350 St. Peter Street, his wife, Frances Ball, and Elmer M. Fink all resided at this address. In 1934, Elmer M. Finck and Josephine Ball Finck resided at this address. In 1919, World War I veteran Elmer M. Finck (1898- ), a Seaman, resided at 1672 Lincoln Avenue. Charles R. Ball (1867/1869-1930) was a physician and surgeon. He was born in Bryan, Ohio, graduated in 1891 from Ohio Wesleyan University, graduated in 1894 from the University of Minnesota Medical School, and studied at Harvard University, at Johns Hopkins University, and in Vienna and in Berlin. He married Frances Snodgrass and the couple had two children, Josephine Ball and Charles R. Ball, Jr. In 1913, Charles R. Ball translated the 1909 edition of Syphilis and the Nervous System: for Practioners, Neurologists and Syphilologists, authored by Max Nonne (1861-1959.) Frances May Ball ( -1935) died in St. Louis County, Minnesota. Elmer M. Finck (1898-1973) was born in Minnesota, had a mother with a maiden name of Morton, and died in Ramsey County. Josephine B. Finck (1899-1980) was born in Minnesota, had a mother with a maiden name of Snodgrass, and died in Ramsey County. The current owner of record of the property is Roger A. Christianson. Roger A. Christianson is an attorney, focuses on criminal law, especially defending against driving while intoxicated charges, and is a member of the District 2 Association of the Minnesota State Bar Association.

1509 Summit Avenue: M. M. Seward House #2; Built in 1922; Early Modern Rectilinear in style; __?__ Palmer, architect. The construction cost for the house was $12,000. The house is a two story, 3474 square foot, 14 room, six bedroom, four bathroom, brick and frame (masonry and frame according to Ramsey County property tax records) structure with a multiple hipped roof. It also has a chimney with chimney pots and a detached garage. It is the mirror image of the house at 1501 Summit Avenue. The 1930 city directory indicates that Andrew W. Hilger, a physician and surgeon who officed at the Lowry Medical Arts Building, his wife, Winnifred Hilger, Meyer Paper, and his wife, Gertrude Paper, all resided at this address. In 1934, Dr. Andrew W. Hilger, Winifred Stockwell Hilger, Winifred Hilger, Andrew W. Hilger, Jr., and Rothrock Hilger resided at this address. The Hilger family were members of the Minikahda Country Club. Andrew William Hilger (1879-1958) was born outside of Minnesota and died in Olmsted County, Minnesota. Winifred S. Hilger (1894-1981) was born outside of Minnesota, had a mother with a maiden name of Clune, and died in Hennepin County. The previous owner of record of the property was Audrey M. Votel, who resides at 1493 Summit Avenue, and the current owners of record are Judith Jordan and Mark E. Snow. Audrey M. Votel was a financial supporter of AMICUS in 2003, of the Minnesota Medical Foundation in 2003, and of the Friends of the St. Paul Public Library in 2004 and in 2005. Tom and Audrey Votel were financial supporters of Historic St. Paul in 2006. AMICUS is a Minnesota not-for-profit organization established in 1967 that seeks to improve public safety by helping inmates and ex-offenders through positive relationship-building, restorative justice practices and individualized transition services, training mentors to visit inmates and assist them with transition back to the community and helping inmates and ex-offenders reshape their lives, reach their goals, and make successful transitions from prison into the community. Historic Saint Paul was founded in 1998 to help strengthen the city by celebrating our cultural heritage and acting as a catalyst for the conservation of neighborhoods, business districts and local landmarks, working in partnership with private owners, community organizations, and public agencies to utilize Saint Paul’s cultural and historic resources as assets in economic development and community building initiatives.

1507 Summit Avenue: Built in 1922. The structure is a one story, 1410 square foot, seven room, three bedroom, two bathroom, masonry and frame house, with a detached one car garage. The current owners of record are Judith Jordan and Mark E. Snow, who reside at 1509 Summit Avenue.

1504 Summit Avenue: G. E. Routh House; Built in 1911; Early Modern Georgian Revival in style; Hartford & Jacobson, architects. The structure is a two story, 3593 square foot, 11 room, five bedroom, four bathroom, one half-bathroom, stucco house, with a detached garage, which was last sold in 2002 for $785,000. George Edward Routh (1847- ) was a physician, was born at Cincinnati, Ohio, in 1847, graduated from the Miami (Ohio) Medical School, also in Cincinnati, in 1874, and moved to Minnesota from Texas in 1883. He married Mary Webb and the couple had three children. The Routh family resided at 448 Ashland in 1890. The 1918 city directory indicates that Mr. and Mrs. G. E. Routh, Jr., resided at this address. The 1924 city directory indicates that Mr. and Mrs. F. H. Ramer resided at this address. The 1930 city directory indicates that George A. Mairs, Jr., the treasurer of the Gyro Club, and his wife, Jean Mairs, resided at this address. In 1934, George A. Mairs, Jr., Jean McLeod Mairs, Nancy Mairs, George A. Mairs III, and Jean Mairs resided at this address. George A. Mairs, Jr., was a graduate of Lafayette College in Pennsylvania in 1923 and of Wilson College in 1925. The Mairs family were members of the Women's City Club of St. Paul in 1934. Mairs & Power was founded in 1931 by George A. Mairs, Jr., ( -1980), a St. Paul native who, at the age of 28 determined that the field of investment management was under-represented in the Twin Cities and with a Master's degree in corporate finance from the University of Minnesota, who became Minnesota's first independent professional investment counsel. In 1944, George C. Power, Jr., a graduate of Carleton College and a former research affiliate of First Bank Stock Corporation, joined the firm, which then became known as Mairs & Power, Inc. In 1952, George A. Mairs III, who graduated from St. Paul Academy in 1946, attended Yale University 1946-1948, and graduated from Macalester College in 1950, entered the firm. With the recent retirement of George A. Mairs III, the firm is now operated by William B. Frels, a graduate of the University of Wisconsin. George A. Mairs III is the First Vice President of the Ramsey County Historical Society. George E. Routh ( -1934,) George Alexander Mairs ( -1944,) and Mary Webb Routh ( -1951) all died in Ramsey County. George A. Mairs (1901-1983) was born in Minnesota, had a mother with a maiden name of Paradise, and died in Dakota County, Minnesota. Jean McLeod Mairs ( -1936) and George C. Power ( -1912) both died in Ramsey County. George C. Power (1889-1974) was born in Minnesota, had a mother with a maiden name of Smith, and died in Ramsey County. George Center Power (1914-1995) was born in Minnesota, had a mother with a maiden name of Dawson, and died in Dakota County. The current owners of record of the property are Brian A. Milberg and Laura J. Milberg. Brian Millberg, an engineer with FW Engineering, was a contributor to the Howard Dean for President campaign in 2004. Laura Milberg was an employee of the Minnesota Office of Environmental Assistance in 2003. [See note on Jacobson for 1490 Summit Avenue.]

1501 Summit Avenue: M. M. Seward House #1; Built in 1922; Early Modern Rectilinear in style; __?__ Palmer, architect. The house was built for $12,000. The house is a two story, 3474 square foot, 14 room, six bedroom, four bathroom, brick and frame (masonry and frame according to Ramsey County property tax records) structure with a multiple hipped roof. It also has a chimney with chimney pots and has a detached garage. It is the mirror image of the house at 1509 Summit Avenue. The 1930 city directory indicates that Charles D. Coddon, president of L. D. Coddon & Brothers, Inc., his wife, Jessie Coddon, Justus Ohage, Jr., a physician officing at 350 St. Peter Street, and his wife, Esther R. Ohage, all resided at this address. The 1939 St. Paul Academy Alumni Directory indicates that Abbott Skinner (1917- ,) who was born in St. Paul, who attended the school from 1927 until 1934, who graduated from Carlton College in 1938, and who attended the Harvard University Medical School, resided at this address. The current owner of record of the property is Gary A. Reetz. Gary A. Reetz, AIA, is a graduate of Iowa State University and was Vice President of HGA (Hammel, Green & Abrahamson) Museum Architects in Minneapolis in 2006 and attended the 2006 meeting of the American Association of Museums. Gary A. Reetz was a financial supporter of the the Minnesota AIDS Project in 2002 and to the Philanthrofund Foundation in 2005. Gary Reetz and Barbara Stone Reetz were financial supporters of the Michigan State University School of Music in 2004.

1500 Summit Avenue: Built in 1997. The structure is a two story, 3664 square foot, ten room, four bedroom, four bathroom, stucco house, with a detached masonry garage (attached garage according to Ramsey County property tax records,) which was last sold in 1998 for $670,000. The current owners of record of the property are Lance D. Henderson and Ann M. Meany. Lance Henderson, an Insurance Executive with Allianz Life, was a contributor to the Howard Dean for President campaign in 2004 and to the John Kerry for President campaign in 2004 and Ann Meany, a teacher with the Minnesota Waldorf School, was a contributor to the Howard Dean for President campaign in 2004. Lance D. Henderson and Ann M. Meany were Saint Paul contributors to Fifth District Congressional candidate and newly elected Congressman Keith Ellison. Lance Henderson worked on Maria Ruud’s successful suburban race for the Minnesota House of Representatives through the Legacy Project. Lance Henderson was named Vice President, Program and Impact, by the Skoll Foundation and leads the Skoll Foundation's strategic program development, execution and evaluation, with primary emphasis on grantmaking investments and services that advance the field of social entrepreneurship.

1494 Summit Avenue: Joseph D. Tyler House; Built in 1885; R. H. Tyler, architect. Construction cost for the house was $900.

1493 Summit Avenue: George D. Taylor House; Built in 1909 (1912 according to Ramsey County property tax records;) Period Revival/Tudor Villa in style; O. H. Round, architect, and Harrison & Schmidt, builders. The structure is a 2 1/2 story (two story according to Ramsey County property tax records,) 3527 square foot, 11 room, six bedroom, three bathroom, two half-bathroom, brick house, with an attached garage and a detached garage (a single detached garage according to Ramsey County property tax records.) The house cost $6,500 to construct. The house is a brick structure which has a half timbered upper section and has a hipped roof with intersecting gables. The 1910 city directory indicates that George D. Taylor, proprietor of a wholesale woodenware, glassware, and bottle firm, resided at this address. In 1916, Isaac Summerfield was a member of the Minnesota Historical Society and resided at this address. The 1918 and 1924 city directories indicate that Mr. and Mrs. Isaac Summerfield resided at this address. The 1930 city directory indicates that Isaac Summerfield and his wife, Irene Summerfield, resided at this address. The 1939 St. Paul Academy Alumni Directory indicates that David N. Summerfield (1915- ,) who was born in St. Paul, who attended the school from 1926 until 1933, who graduated from the Massachusetts Institute of Technology in 1937, and who was a test engineer employed by General Motors in Dayton, Ohio, resided at this address. The 1987 St. Agnes Catholic Church directory indicates that Thomas Votel and Andre Votel resided at this address. In 1924, Isaac Summerfield was a member of the American Jewish Committee from St. Paul representing the Sixth District on the executive council. George D. Taylor ( -1944) died in Ramsey County. The current owners of record of the property are A. M. Votel and Thomas W. Votel. Thomas W. Votel, MD, was the inventor of the On3 lateral transfer device that allows a single healthcare worker to move a patient from bed to cart in about 20 seconds. Thomas F. Votel is the inventor's son and president and CEO of Ergodyne, which is the distributor and manufacturer of the On3. Ergodyne was launched as the Comp Equipment Corp. in 1983 by Thomas W. Votel, a doctor specializing in occupational medicine, but the fledgling back-support firm lost its entire management team within three years and was unable to find a proper distribution network until Thomas F. Votel, a holder on an MBA, took it over. Dr. Thomas W. Votel, a self-employed doctor, was a contributor to the George W. Bush for President campaign in 2004. [See note on Olin H. Round for 590 Summit Avenue.]

1490 Summit Avenue: Dr. H. E. Hunt House; Built in 1911; Tudor Revival/Tudor Rectilinear in style; Ernest M. Hartford and Silas Jacobson, architects, and J. R. Schmit, builder. Construction of the house cost $5,900. The house is a 2 1/2 story, 3392 square foot, 14 room, six bedroom, four bathroom, wood frame and stucco (stucco according to Ramsey County property tax records) structure which has a gabled roof with one double gabled dormer and a detached garage. The 1918 city directory indicates that Dr. and Mrs. H. E. Hunt resided at this address. Eugene M. O'Neill was a World War I veteran who resided at 552 Dayton Avenue in 1919. The 1920 city directory indicates that Mary Fischbein, the widow of Haskell G. Fischbein, and Katherine Fischbein, a student, boarded at this address. The 1924 city directory indicates that Dr. and Mrs. H. E. Hunt, Mrs. H. G. Fischbein, and her daughter all resided at this address. The 1930 city directory indicates that Harry E. Hunt, a physician who officed at 350 St. Peter Street, and his wife, Irma Hunt, resided at this address. In 1934, Eugene M. O'Neill, Helen McGrath O'Neill, Judith O'Neill, and Jean O'Neill resided at this address. The 1950 St. Paul Academy Alumni Directory indicates that James P. Brown (1929- ,) who attended the school from 1942 until 1947, who attended Williams College, and who was a member of the U. S. Marine Corps Reserve, resided at this address. Silas Jacobson ( -1943) first appeared in St. Paul around 1910 and maintained a partnership with Ernest Hartford until about 1914. For many years, Jacobson was a senior draftsman in the Minnesota State Architect's Office, beginning about 1916. In 1929, he moved to Madison, where he assumed a similar position in the Wisconsin State Architect's Office. Jacobson died in Madison, Wisconsin. The O'Neill family were members of the Minikahda Country Club. Henry E. Hunt (1878-1959) was born in Minnesota, had a mother with a maiden name of Panzer, and died in Dodge County, Minnesota. Ernest Hartford ( -1913) and John R. Schmit ( -1949) both died in Ramsey County. Eugene M. O'Neill (1895-1986) was born in Minnesota, had a mother with a maiden name of Tracy, and died in Ramsey County. The property was last sold for $693,500 and that sale occurred in 2003. The current owners of record of the property are Gregory Brown and Mary Forte Brown. [See note on Jacobson for 1490 Summit Avenue.]

1489 Summit Avenue: Built in 1960. The structure is a two story, 2200 square foot, eight room, four bedroom, one bathroom, two half-bathroom, brick house, with a detached garage, which was last sold in 1997 for $195,000. Oakland Cemetery Association records indicate that Fred E. Mahler (1877-1919,) the husband of Harriet Mahler, who was born in Minnesota to parents born in Germany and in the United States and who died of a gun shot wound to the head, resided at this address in 1919. The current owner of record of the property is Catherine M. Guinan. Catherine Guinan was a volunteer for Women's Advocates, Inc., a shelter for the victims of domestic abuse in 2006. Catherine Guinan was the chair of the 2005 Summit Avenue Garden Stroll and Tea event. In 2006, Catherine Guinan applied to the St. Paul Heritage Preservation Commission for a preliminary review and approval to construct new front and rear porches and to make alterations at this 1960's house, a project previously rejected by the Commission.

1487 Summit Avenue: F. E. Mahler House; Built in 1910; Georgian Revival Variant in style; Morton Fenstad, architect. The structure is a two story, 2832 square foot, 11 room, six bedroom, three bathroom, one half-bathroom, aluminum/vinyl-sided house, with a detached garage. Building the house cost $5,000. The 1918 city directory indicates that Mr. and Mrs. F. E. Mahler resided at this address. The 1920 city directory indicates that Dr. George Earl, a physician and partner with Dr. Robert Earl in the Earl Doctors medical practice at the Lowry Building, resided at this address. Dr. George Earl resided at this address in 1924. The 1924 city directory indicates that Mr. and Mrs. George Earl resided at this address. The 1930 city directory indicates that George A. Earl, a physician who was a partner in the Earl Clinic, and his wife, Lillian F. Earl, resided at this address. In 1934, Dr. George Earl, Lillian Nodell Earl, Roland Earl, and Carolyn Earl resided at this address. The Earl family were members of the St. Paul Athletic Club in 1934. George Earl was the son of Mr. and Mrs. P. O. Earl, graduated from the University of Minnesota in 1906, graduated from the University of Minnesota Medical School in 1909, and was the president of the University of Minnesota Alumni Association from 1943 to 1946. Dr. George Earl, the brother of Dr. Robert Earl, also was the founder of the Mounds Park Sanitarium, Midway Hospital, and the Mounds Park Bank. The house at 935 Hudson Road was built in 1913 for Dr. George Earl. Fred E. Mahler ( -1919) died in Ramsey County. George Arthur Earl (1884-1974) was born outside of Minnesota, had a mother with a maiden name of Anderson, and died in Ramsey County. Lillian N. Earl (1887-1968) was born in Minnesota and died in Ramsey County. The current owners of record of the property are Dale R. Neumann and Sheran A. Neumann. Dale R. Neumann is a professional freelance reporter and a notary public in Ramsey County. Sheran Neumann is associated with NeuDesign and is an allied member of the the American Society of Interior Designers.

1484 Summit Avenue: Dr. S. N. Mogilner House; Built in 1922; Early Modern Rectilinear in style; Kindy C. Wright and Charles Hausler, architects. The structure is a two story, 3884 square foot, 12 room, six bedroom, three bathroom, one half-bathroom, stucco house, with a detached garage. The house was constructed at a cost of $15,000. The 1930 city directory indicates that Samuel N. Mogilner, a physician officing at 350 St. Peter Street, and his wife, Sarah Mogilner, and Jacob A. Silverman resided at this address. In August, 1915, the Hansboro, North Dakota, News newspaper reported that Dr. S. N. Mogilner and Dr. N. G. Mortensen were charged in police court with kicking out the false teeth of Emil Freiden, but that the charges were dismissed because of lack of evidence when the false teeth could not be produced in court. The current owner of record of the property is Maureen L. McCarthy, who resides at Manhatten Beach, California. Maureen McCarthy was previously a staff writer and a team leader at the Minneapolis Star Tribune. [See note on Hausler for 1058 West St. Clair Avenue.]

1481 Summit Avenue: John H. Donohue House; Built in 1905; Slightly Tudor Revival/Medieval Rectilinear in style; Edward J. Donohue, architect. The house was built for $6,000. The house is a 2 1/2 story, 4594 square foot, ten room, four bedroom, three bathroom, brick structure which has an intersecting gable roof and one gabled dormer, with a detached garage, which was last sold in 1997 for $575,000. It has a symmetrical facade. The 1910-1911 Directory of the University of Minnesota indicates that Florence M. Donohue, Grace M. Donohue, and J. Nealis Donohue, students, all resided at this address. The 1918 city directory indicates that Mr. and Mrs. J. H. Donohue, Neil Donohue, and J. N. Donohue all resided at this address. The 1920 city directory indicates that Florence M. Donohue, a teacher, Grace M. Donohue, a teacher at Humboldt High School, and Phil F. Donohue, an interne, all boarded at this address and that John H. Donohue, a contractor, resided at this address. The 1924 city directory indicates that Mr. and Mrs. John Donohue and Dr. P. F. Donohue all resided at this address. The 1930 city directory indicates that John H. Donohue and his wife, Anne D. Donohue, resided at this address. John H. Donohue (1852-1940) was a prominent St. Paul builder. John N. Donohue, Neil Donohue, and Phil F. Donohue were World War I veterans who resided at this address in 1919. John H. Donohue ( -1940) died in Ramsey County. John H. Donohue (1916-1993) was born in Minnesota, had a mother with a maiden name of McQuillan, and died in Ramsey County. The current owners of record of the property are Christopher W. Peterson and Julie A. Peterson.

1480 Summit Avenue: Harry L. Brown House; Built in 1929; Tudor Revival/Tudor Villa in style; Jay Axelrod, architect and builder. The house was constructed at a cost of $16,000. The house is a 2 1/2 story, 2933 square foot, eight room, five bedroom, two bathroom, two half-bathroom, stucco and brick structure which has an intersecting gable roof and a projecting triangular oreil window at the attic gable peak and with a detached garage. The 1930 city directory indicates that Harry L. Brown, the secretary-treasurer of Brown-Jaspers Inc., a manufacturer of soda fountain fixtures, resided at this address. Harry Brown was the secretary-treasurer of the Brown-Jaspers, Inc. Harry L. Brown ( -1946) died in Ramsey County. The current owners of record of the property are Barbara J. Bohrer and Edward J. Bohrer. Edward J. Bohrer is an attorney with the law firm of Felhaber, Larson, Fenlon and Vogt, P.A., and was a member of the Minnesota State Bar Association's Labor & Employment Law Section in 2006. Mr. and Mrs. Edward J. Bohrer were financial supporters of St. Thomas Academy in 2003.

1473 Summit Avenue: F. A. Upham House #2; Built in 1904; Queen Anne Rectilinear in style; E. Sekall, architect. Building the house cost $4,000. The structure is a two story, 2806 square foot, ten room, five bedroom, four bathroom, one half-bathroom, stucco house, with a detached garage, which was last sold in 1996 for $387,000. The 1924 city directory indicates that Mr. and Mrs. T. D. Thorson resided at this address. The 1930 city directory indicates that M. Keller Knauff, a physician who officed at 350 St. Peter Street, and his wife, Anna L. Knauff, resided at this address. Frank A. Upham ( -1920) died in Ramsey County. The current owners of record of the property are Robert E. Harding and Kristina L. Lund. Robert Harding, an attorney with the law firm Gray Plant Moody, was a contributor to the John Kerry for President campaign in 2004. Kristina L. Lund participated in the 1999, 2001, and 2005 Birkebeiner ski races and the 1998 and 2005 Mora Vasaloppet ski races.

1472 Summit Avenue: Built in the 1950's (1958 according to Ramsey County property tax records;) Contemporary in style. The structure is a 2342 square foot, ten room, six bedroom, four bathroom, stucco rambler, with a detached garage, which was last sold in 2000 for $182,000. The 1920 city directory indicates that Sallie Chapman boarded at this address. The current owner of record of the property is EMK Holding Company LLC, located at 500 Grand Avenue.

1465 Summit Avenue: Mrs. W. W. Klingman House; Built in 1926 (1925 according to Ramsey County property tax records;) Georgian Revival in style. The structure is a two story, 4425 square foot, 13 room, five bedroom, three bathroom, two half-bathroom, brick house, with a detached garage, which was last sold in 2000 for $925,000. The house was built for $27,000. The 1930 city directory indicates that Washington W. Klingman, second vice president of the Home Office Equitable Life Assurance Society of the United States located at the Hamm Building, his wife, Julia Klingman, and Sigvart Terland all resided at this address. The current owner of record of the property is Joan R. Duddingston. Joan Duddingston, a homemaker, was a contributor to the Democratic National Committee in 2004. Joan Duddingston is a member of the Board of the St. Paul Chamber Orchestra in 2007. Joan Duddingston was a financial supporter of the Walker Art Museum in 1999, of Lifetrack Resources in 2002, of Books for Africa in 2002, of the YWCA of St. Paul in 2005 and 2006, of the Minnesota Land Trust in 2005, of the College of Human Ecology at the University of Minnesota in 2005, and of the Minneapolis Institute of Arts in 2004.

1464 Summit Avenue: T. D. Lovering House; Built in 1906 (1907 according to Ramsey County property tax records;) Medieval Revival/Medieval Rectilinear in style; Mark Fitzpatrick, architect, and T. D. Lovering, builder. The house was constructed at a cost of $12,000. The house is a three story (two story according to Ramsey County property tax records,) 4560 square foot, 12 room, six bedroom, two bathroom, two half-bathroom, brick structure which has a hipped roof and three hipped dormers and which has one attached garage and one detached garage (only one detached garage according to Ramsey County property tax records.) The 1910-1911 Directory of the University of Minnesota indicates that Harry Douglas Lovering, a student, resided at this address. The 1918 city directory indicates that Mr. and Mrs. T. D. Lovering and R. W. Lovering all resided at this address. The 1924 city directory indicates that Mr. and Mrs. H. W. Avery and Mr. and Mrs. F. J. Rosenthal all resided at this address. The 1930 city directory indicates that Francis J. Rosenthal, a lawyer who officed at the Hamm Building, and his wife, Adelia D. Rosenthal, resided at this address. T. D. Lovering was the Secretary-Treasurer of J. H. Allen, a wholesale grocer. Harry D. Lovering, Reuben W. Lovering, and Thomas S. Lovering were World War I veterans who resided at this address in 1919. Thomas Douglas Lovering (1865- ) was born in Canada, married in Greene, Butler County, Iowa, Estelle Wilcox (1866- ) of Waverly, Bremer County, Iowa, the daughter of Ebenezer Hayden Wilcox (1810- ) and Arabelle Proctor Wilcox (1824- ,) and the couple had three children, Harry D. Lovering (1891- ,) Reuben Lovering (1893- ,) and Thomas S. Lovering (1896- .) Estelle Wilcox was a daughter of the American Revolution as a descendant of Deacon Abel Wilcox and of Capt. Martin Lord, of Connecticut. Harry Douglas Lovering was a member of the American Society of Civil Engineers in 1914 and was a Lieutenant in the U. S. Army, assigned to Camp Merritt, Bergen County, New Jersey, in 1918. In 1926, Harry D. Lovering was the secretary-treasurer of the American Society of Civil Engineers-Minnesota and, in 1929, was the president of the American Society of Civil Engineers-Minnesota. In 1931, Harry D. Lovering was associated with Lovering-Longbotham, the general contractors that erected the St. Paul Women's City Club Building. Harry D. Lovering was the honorary chairman of Lovering Associates in 1974. Harry Douglas Lovering (1891-1978,) the son of Thomas Douglas Lovering (1865-1934) and Estelle Wilcox Lovering (1866-1951,) was born in St. Paul, married Margaret R. Rockwell (1892-1953,) the daughter of Philo Arthur Rockwell and Libbie E. __?__ Rockwell, and died in St. Paul. The George Kaplan Hebrew Seminary building was once located at this address. The George Kaplan Hebrew Seminary was founded in 1944 as a branch of the Hebrew Institute and was intended to meet the needs of Conservative families on the Western Side of the city. George Kaplan was a businessman and philanthropist. Thomas Douglas Lovering ( -1934) died in Ramsey County. Harry D. Lovering (1891-1978) and Reuben Wilcox Lovering (1893-1978) both were born in Minnesota, both had a mother with a maiden name of Wilcox, and both died in Ramsey County. The current owners of record of the property are Diana V. Danielson and Michael R. Danielson. [See note on Fitzpatrick for 470 Summit Avenue.]

1461 Summit Avenue: John A. "Cooker John" Sagner, a self-employed music producer, resided at this address and was a contributor to the John Kerry for President campaign in 2004. John A. Sagner also was a financial supporter of Courage Center in 2005 and Outside the Dream, an AIDS orphan assistance organization, recently. "Cooker John" Sagner grew up in suburban New Jersey, studyied piano as a kid, took lessons from recording artist Artie Traum at Noah Wolfe's guitar studio in New York City at the age of 12, learning folk songs and fingerpicking, started a band called the Downchildren, was an English major at Columbia College for two years, after an extensive period of dedicated drug abuse that forestalled any creative efforts during the 1980's, returned to an active pursuit of music in 1989 after moving to Minnesota, and released six albums, "Larry's Road Trip" in 1995, "Grocery Store" in 1997, "Life Down Here" in 1999, "Alive and Alone" in 2001, "School of Life" in 2001, "Live at the Turf Club" in 2001, "Cooker John with Dan Neale: Live at Dunn Bros. Coffee" in 2004.

1459 Summit Avenue: Richard Ambrose Walsh House; Built in 1922; Greek Revival in style; John Wheeler, architect. The structure is a two story, 2737 square foot, ten room, five bedroom, two bathroom, one half-bathroom, brick house, with a detached garage. Construction of the house cost $12,000. The 1930 city directory indicates that Richard A. Walsh, a lawyer and a partner with Earl F. Jackson, Thomas W. Walsh, and Charles J. Yackel in the law firm of Wash, Jackson, Walsh & Yackel, officing at the Endicott Building, and his wife, Margaret Walsh, resided at this address. Richard A. Walsh (1862-1940) was born either in St. Paul or in Dakota County, Minnesota, was the son of Thomas Walsh and Margaret Wheeler Walsh, read the law at the law firm of Kerr, Wilson, & Benton, became a lawyer in practice in St. Paul in 1883, was a Catholic, was a member of the Minnesota House of Representatives from 1891 to 1895, was the Populist Party candidate for judge in 1894 and became a municipal judge in 1895, and was appointed to the Minnesota District Court by Governor Floyd B. Olson in 1931. When elected a legislator in 1890, Walsh was the youngest member of the Legislature and was one of only fifteen (out of 114 Representatives) who were born in the State of Minnesota. Richard A. Walsh married Margaret McManus Walsh in St. Paul in 1884 and the couple had 13 children, with nine surviving to 1912, Ambrose R. Walsh, Mary Walsh, Harry Walsh, Rose Walsh, Sarah Walsh, Margaret Walsh, Thomas Walsh, Wilson Walsh, and Theodora Walsh. Margaret M. Walsh (1864-1955) was born in St. Paul, was the daughter of Patrick H. McManus and Rosanna McBride McManus, was a teacher, and died in Ramsey County. In 1912, the Walsh family resided at 20 West Isabel. Thomas Walsh was from Waterford County, Ireland, and immigrated around 1850, settling in St. Paul. Margaret Walsh ( -1939) and Richard A. Walsh ( -1940) both died in Ramsey County. The current owners of record of the property are Barbara J. McLeod and Thomas J. McLeod. Thomas J. McLeod was a 1956 graduate of Cretin High School, is an attorney, is a member of the District 2 Bar Association of the Minnesota State Bar Association, and was a member of the Collaborative in 2006. Thomas J. McLeod, listed once as an employee of West Publishing and once as a retiree, resided at this address and was a contributor to George Bush for President Campaign in 1999 and the Linda Runbeck for Congress Campaign and the Jim Ramstad for Congress Campaign in 2000.

1456 Summit Avenue: Alb I. Shapira House; Built in 1912 (Sandeen, 1912-1913 according to Larson,) with an addition and repairs in 1942; Tudor Villa in style; Clarence H. Johnston, Sr., original architect, and H. J. Frandsen, builder. The structure is a two story, 3418 square foot, nine room, four bedroom, three bathroom, brick house, with a detached garage. The house was constructed at a cost of $14,500 (Sandeen; $17,000 according to Larson.) The house is a 2 1/2 story brick and stucco structure which has an intersecting gable and hip roof and one shed dormer. The 1918 city directory indicates that Mr. and Mrs. A. I. Shapira resided at this address. Dr. E. M. Hammes resided at this address in 1924. The 1924 city directory indicates that Dr. and Mrs. E. M. Hammes resided at this address. Nathan C. Shapira (1895-1986), a Yeoman, was a World War I veteran who resided at this address in 1919. The 1930 city directory indicates that Ernest M. Hammes, a physician who officed at 350 St. Peter Street, and his wife, Hester Hammes, resided at this address. The 1939 St. Paul Academy Alumni Directory indicates that Ernest M. Hammes (1916- ,) who was born in St. Paul, who attended the school from 1927 until 1934, who was a 1938 graduate of Yale University, and who attended the Harvard University Medical School, resided at this address. Alb I. Shapira was a jeweler. In 1959, Dr. Ernest M. Hammes, Sr., performed a mental competency examination under trial court direction on William George Birnbaum (1934- ,) who was convicted in Federal court for kidnapping a woman he was acquanted with since his youth, Cecelia Weisbecker Scott, and transported her over state lines, which conviction was upheld by the Eighth Circuit Court of Appeals in William George Birnbaum v. United States of America, 356 F.2d 856 (1966.) Albert I. Shapira (1874-1957) was born outside of Minnesota and died in Ramsey County. Nathan C. Shapira was born in Minnesota, his mother's maiden name was Cook, and he died in Ramsey County. Ernest M. Hammes (1884-1967) was born in Minnesota, his mother's maiden name was Schmidt, and he died in Ramsey County. Hans J. Frandsen ( -1943) died in Ramsey County. The current owners of record of the property are Harriet Arend and Michael W. Arend. Harriet Arend and Michael Arend were financial supporters of the St. Mary's University of Minnesota in 2002. Harriet Arend was a financial supporter of Guild Inc. in 2004, was a conservation volunteer for the Minnesota Historical Society in 2005, and was a program volunteer for the German Genealogy Society of Minnesota in 2006. Michael W. Arend was a 1955 Cretin High School graduate and was a financial supporter of Courage Center in 2001, of the James J. Hill Library in 2003, and of the Rivers Council of Minnesota in 2004. [See note on Johnston for 476 Summit Avenue.]

1451 Summit Avenue: Philip C. Justus House; Built in 1929 and renovated (kitchen) in 2008; Period Revival/Tudor Villa in style; Philip C. Justus, original architect and builder; Paul Buum, A.I.A., Sala Architects, Inc., kitchen renovation architect. The house was built for $10,000. The house is a 2 1/2 story, 2562 square foot, ten room, five bedroom, three bathroom, one half-bathroom, brick structure which has an intersecting gable roof with two shed dormers. It utilizes an asymmetrical design, has a detached garage, and was last sold in 1997 for $385,000. The 1930 city directory indicates that Phillip C. Justus, a realtor who officed in the New York Building, and his wife, Caroline Justus, resided at this address. Philip C. Justus was born in St. Paul and was a St. Paul real estate agent. In 1897, Philip C. Justus also was a general hardware dealer and served on the St. Paul Board of Public Works. Philip C. Justus (1865-1942) died in Ramsey County. The previous owner of record of the property was the trustee for Deborah Buurma, located in Livingston, New Jersey, and the current owners are John Sagner and Cheryl Ekstrum. Cheryl M. Ekstrum, who resided at this address, was a contributor to the John Kerry for President campaign in 2004. Cheryl M. Ekstrum previously operated Ekstrum Appraisals, a real estate appraisal firm, at this address and now is associated with Appraisal Advantage. John Sagner, a self employed musician who resides at this address, contributed to the Barack Obama for President campaign in 2007-2008. Cheryl Ekstrum, a self employed real estate appraiser, contributed to the Barack Obama for President campaign in 2007-2008. In 1972-1973, Linda Florin, a Junior at Macalester College, resided at the nearby former 1448 Summit Avenue.

1446 Summit Avenue: Charles F. Diether House; Built in 1906 (1908 according to Ramsey County property tax records;) Queen Anne Rectilinear in style; Louis Lockwood, architect. The structure is a two story, 2805 square foot, nine room, five bedroom, two bathroom, one half-bathroom, frame house, with a detached garage. The house was constructed at a cost of $12,000. Oakland Cemetery Association records indicate that Charles F. Diether resided at this address in 1905 and owned a cemetery plot since 1876. The 1918 city directory indicates that Mr. and Mrs. C. F. Diether, their daughters, and Miss Caroline Diether all resided at this address. The 1920 city directory indicates that Althea Diether, a teacher at Central High School, Caroline Diether, a stenographer employed by the Minnesota State Highway Department, and Ruth Diether, a teacher at the Gordon School, all boarded at this address and that Charles F. Diether, proprietor of the Commercial Service Bureau, resided at this address. The 1924 city directory indicates that Mr. and Mrs. C. F. Diether and their daughters resided at this address. The 1930 city directory indicates that Charles F. Diether, his wife, Sophie Diether, Althea Diether, a teacher at the Central High School, and Ruth Diether, a teacher at the Douglas School, all resided at this address. In 1940, Sophie C. Schulze Diether ( -1940,) the widow of Charles F. Diether, resided at this address. The 1964 St. Paul Academy Alumni Directory indicates that Angus McL. Mairs, a member of the Class of 1951, resided at this address. In 1879, Charles F. Diether, a traveling agent employed by P. H. Kelly & Company, resided on North Street near De Soto Street. Charles F. Diether and Sophia/Sophie C. Diether were the parents of Althea Diether, Ruth Diether and Carl S. Diether. Althea Diether was a 1907 graduate of the University of Minnesota, attended Stanford University and Columbia University, was a kindergarten teacher in St. Paul in 1911, taught for 45 years, was a retired St. Paul Central High School teacher, resided at 1443 Goodrich Avenue in 1961, was a member of the American Association of University Women, was a member of the Womens City Club, was a member of the House of Hope Presbyterian Church, and was buried at Oakland Cemetery. Ruth Diether resided at 1443 Goodrich Avenue in 1957. There is an Althea Diether Scholarship at the University of Minnesota. Caroline A. Diether ( -1930) and Sophie C. Diether ( -1940) died in Ramsey County. Althea Diether (1883-1961) was born in Minnesota, had a mother with a maiden name of Schulze, and died in Ramsey County. Ruth Diether (1889-1957) was born in Minnesota, had a mother with a maiden name of Schutze, and died in Ramsey County. Carl S. Diether (1878-1976) was born in Minnesota, had a mother with a maiden name of Schulze, and died in Ramsey County. Charles F. Diether ( -1937) died in St. Louis County, Minnesota. The current owners of record of the property are Carolyn S. Nayematsu and Vincent E. Platt. Carolyn S. Nayematsu, a 1968 graduate of the University of Montana with a Ph.D. from the University of Minnesota, is executive director of the Multicultural Center for Academic Excellence at the University of Minnesota. Vincent E. Platt is an attorney, is a member of the Second District Bar Association of the Minnesota State Bar Association, and is an editor for West Group. Carolyn S. Nayematsu and Vincent E. Platt were financial supporters of the St. Paul Foundation and of the 4H organization. [See note on Lockwood for 1118 Summit Avenue.]

1445 Summit Avenue: Harry L. Brown House; Built in 1925; Georgian Rectilinear in style; Walter Stevens, architect. The structure is a two story, 2089 square foot, nine room, four bedroom, four bathroom, one half-bathroom, stucco house, with a detached garage, which was last sold in 1994 for $212,000. Building the house cost $14,000. The 1930 city directory indicates that William Segal, a grocer with a store at 559 Robert Street, and his wife, Jennie Segal, resided at this address. Harry L. Brown ( -1946) died in Ramsey County. The current owners of record of the property are Jacqueline A. Remington and John A. Remington. John Remington is a professor of Human Resources and Industrial Relations and Director of Labor Education Service at the Carlson School of Management at the University of Minnesota. [See note on Stevens for 335 Summit Avenue.]

1440 Summit Avenue: Frances (Mrs. B. H.) Dickerman House; Built in 1914 (1910 according to Ramsey County property tax records;) Tudor Villa in style; __?__ Sjostrand, architect. The structure is a two story, 3327 square foot, nine room, five bedroom, three bathroom, masonry and frame house, with a detached garage. The house was built for $11,000. The 1918 city directory indicates that Mrs. Frances Dickerman, J. O. Dickerman, and J. P. Hauer all resided at this address. J. O. Dickerman resided at this address in 1918. The records of the 1919-1920 Minnesota World War I Soldier's Bonus Board (#24980) indicate that John Peter Hauer (1893- ,) a 1918 draftee and a Sergeant in the Utilities Detachment of the Construction Division of the Quartermaster Corps, who was born in Lakeville, Minnesota, had brown eyes, black hair, and a dark complexion, was 5' 6 1/2" tall, was a bank clerk at induction, was issued one bronze Victory button, was a bank clerk employed by the First National Bank of St. Paul after the completion of service, and was married, resided with his wife, Frances H. Hauer,at this address. The 1924 city directory indicates that Mrs. Frances Dickerman and J. P. Hauer both resided at this address. The 1930 city directory indicates that John O. Dickerman, John P. Hauer, a teller at the First National Bank, and his wife, Frances Hauer, all resided at this address. The 1939 St. Paul Academy Alumni Directory indicates that John O. Dickerman, who attended the school from 1911 until 1915, resided at this address. The current owners of record of the property are Helen Murphy and Richard T. Murphy.

1439 Summit Avenue: Ben L. Kostuck House; Built in 1925; Early Modern Rectilinear in style; __?__ Blumenthal, architect. The structure is a two story, 3706 square foot, 15 room, six bedroom, four bathroom, stucco house, with two detached garages, which was last sold in 1994 for $185,000. The house was constructed at a cost of $12,000. The 1930 city directory indicates that Benjamin L. Kostuch, a salesman employed by Owens Motor Sales, his wife, Helen Kostuch, Arthur J. Kelly, the residential manager employed by the Peabody Company, and his wife, Helen R. Kelly, all resided at this address. The current owner of record of the property is Jane L. Nevin.

1434 Summit Avenue: Henry F. Stock House; Built in 1910, with 1925 alteration; Tudor Revival/Tudor Villa in style; Charles William Buechner and Henry W. Orth, architect; John Olson, builder. The house was built for $12,000. The house is a 2 1/2 story, 3189 square foot, ten room, five bedroom, one bathroom, two half-bathroom, brick and stucco structure which has an intersecting gable roof. It has considerable leaded glass windows and a detached garage. The 1918 city directory indicates that Mr. and Mrs. H. F. Stock and their daughters resided at this address. The 1924 city directory indicates that Mr. and Mrs. B. D. Reinfrank, Mr. and Mrs. H. F. Stock, and their daughters, all resided at this address. The 1930 city directory indicates that Mrs. Anna M. Stock, the widow of Henry F. Stock, and Burton D. Reinprank resided at this address. Minnesota Historical Society records indicate that Henry Ferdinand Stock once resided at this address. Henry F. Stock was president of Kuhles & Stock Company, a manufacturer of cigars and a leaf tobacco dealer. The current owners of record of the property are Burton D. Reinfrank, Jr., and Patricia J. Reinfrank. Burton D. Reinfrank was a World War I veteran who resided at 1850 Summit Avenue in 1919. Burton D. Reinfrank, Jr., is an art collector. [See the note for Burton D. Reinfrank for 1850 Summit Avenue.]

1431 Summit Avenue: Built in the 1930's (1926 according to Ramsey County property tax records;) Twenties Villa in style. The structure is a two story, 2016 square foot, seven room, three bedroom, two bathroom, one half-bathroom, aluminum/vinyl-sided house, with a detached garage, which was last sold in 2004 for $682,000. The 1930 city directory indicates that Arnold S. Karon, a realtor, his wife, Ethel Karon, and Ira Karon, a lawyer who officed at the Commerce Building, all resided at this address. The current owner of record of the property is Eric Schultze. In 2002, Shavlik Technologies, of Roseville, Minnesota, a provider of vulnerability assessment and remediation tools for the Microsoft platform, hired Eric Schultze as executive director of research and development. Previously, Eric Schultze was a senior technologist for the Security Strategies Group of Microsoft Corporation, founded Foundstone, Inc., and was a senior manager in Ernst & Young’s national Attack & Penetration group.

1428 Summit Avenue: L. F. Cronhardt House; Built in 1919; Early Modern Georgian Revival in style; Peter J. Linhoff, architect. The structure is a two story, 3399 square foot, 12 room, four bedroom, one bathroom, two half-bathroom, stucco house, with a detached garage. Construction of the house cost $12,000. The 1920 city directory indicates that Constance Cronhardt, a student, boarded at this address and that Louis F. Cronhardt, the president and treasurer of the St. Paul Drug Company, located at the corner of Wabasha Street and Seventh Street, resided at this address. The 1924 city directory indicates that Mr. and Mrs. L. F. Cronhardt resided at this address. The 1930 city directory indicates that Louis F. Cronhardt resided at this address. The officers of the St. Paul Drug Company in 1920 were Louis F. Cronhardt, the president and treasurer, and J. W. Stone, vice president and secretary. Louis F. Cronhardt (1868-1958) was born outside of Minnesota and died in Ramsey County. The current owners of record of the property are James Rutzick and Sandra Rutzick. James Rutzick and Mark Rutzick, brothers, own All Inc., an appliance distributor located on the West Side and were two of 60 investors backing the Drake Bank, which opened in 2002, as St. Paul's first new chartered bank in 40 years. Sandra Rutzick and James Rutzick were financial supporters of the YMCA Twin Cities in 2003. [See note on Linhoff for 361 Summit Avenue.]

1425 Summit Avenue: Dr. F. M. Owens House; Built in 1913; Georgian Revival in style; Peter J. Linhoff, architect. The structure is a two story, 3418 square foot, ten room, four bedroom, two bathroom, three half-bathroom, stucco house, with a detached garage. The house was constructed at a cost of $7,000. The 1918 and 1924 city directories indicate that Dr. and Mrs. F. M. Owens resided at this address. The 1930 city directory indicates that Frederick M. Owens, a dentist officing at 350 St. Peter Street, and his wife, Eloise Owens, resided at this address. The current owners of record of the property are the trustees for Elizabeth J. Kronschnabel and George J. Kronschnabel. In 2003, George Kronschnabel was a financial supporter of the Randy Kelly for St. Paul Mayor campaign and resided at this address. George Kronschnabel, a retired soldier, in 2003, protested the anti-Iraq War Peace movement that he saw sprouting up in his neighborhood by erecting a "God Bless Our Troops" sign and an American flag on the front lawn of this address. Betty Kronschnabel and George Kronschnabel were financial supporters of Guild Inc. in 2002 and 2003 and of the Tubman Family Alliance in 2001. George Kronschnabel, president of the Warm Rain Corporation, contributed to the John McCain for President campaign in 2007-2008. [See note on Linhoff for 361 Summit Avenue.]

1420 Summit Avenue: Raymond W. Berglund House; Built in 1925; Colonial Revival/Early Modern Georgian Revival in style; Adolph Wald and Albin Wald, architects and builders. The house was built for $9,000. The house is a two story, 2168 square foot, eight room, four bedroom, one bathroom, wood frame clapboard (frame according to Ramsey County property tax records) structure which has a hipped roof with one eye lid dormer. It has paired Doric columns, a wrought iron balcony, a side porch, and a detached garage. The 1930 city directory indicates that Raymond R. Berglund, the manager of the S. Berglund Lumber Company, and his wife, Florence Berglund, resided at this address. Berglund was the president of the Berglund Lumber Company. Raymond R. W. Berglund ( -1948) died in Ramsey County. The property was last sold in 2005 with a sale price of $541,000. The previous owners of record of the property were Kenneth J. Berglund and Wesley E. Berglund and the current owners of record of the property are Anthony R. Sonnen and Carley R. Sonnen. Wesley E. Berglund was an experienced highway civil engineer and surveyor in Washington State.

1415 Summit Avenue: Charles B. Gedney House; Built in 1918 (1913 according to Ramsey County property tax records); Bungalow in style; Thomas D. Lane, architect and builder. Building the house cost $8,000. The house is a 1 1/2 story, 2182 square foot, ten room, two bedroom, three bathroom, one half-bathroom, brick rambler which has a hipped tile roof with one hipped dormer. The house sits very deep back on the lot. It has a detached garage and was last sold in 1994 for $299,000. The 1918 city directory indicates that Mr. and Mrs. C. B. Gedney resided at this address. Frank J. Kaske was a World War I veteran who resided at this address in 1919. The 1920 city directory indicates that Joseph Fellows, a chauffeur at this address, boarded at this address. Oakland Cemetery Association records indicate that William E. Coles, Jr., resided at this address in 1921. The 1924 city directory indicates that Mr. and Mrs. W. E. Coles resided at this address. The 1930 city directory indicates that Elizabeth E. Scott, the widow of Louis N. Scott, resided at this address. Charles B. Gedney was the secretary of the M. A. Gedney Co., a pickle manufacturer. Frank J. Kaske ( -1966) was born outside of Minnesota and died in Dakota County, Minnesota. The current owners of record of the property are J. Michael Dady and Kristi L. Skordahl. J. Michael Dady, an attorney with Dady & Garner PA, was a contributor to the John Kerry for President campaign in 2004 and to the Wesley Clark for President campaign in 2004. J. Michael Dady (1949- ) was born in Sisseton, South Dakota, graduated from St. John’s University in 1971 and from the University of Minnesota Law School in 1975, was an attorney with Lindquist & Vennum from 1975 to 1994, was a founding partner, Dady & Garner, 1994 to present, is admitted to the State and federal courts in Minnesota and South Dakota, the Eighth U.S. Circuit Court of Appeals, and the U.S. Supreme Court, and is a member of the American Bar Association, a member of the Minnesota State Bar Association, and the president of the Franchisee Lawyers Association. In 2003, J. Michael Dady, a contributor to the Randy Kelly for Mayor campaign, resided at this address. J. Dady contributed to the John Edwards for President campaign in 2007-2008. [See note on Mathias Anderson Gedney and the M. A. Gedney Pickling Company for 457 Ohio Street.]

1414 Summit Avenue: C. J. Stevens House; Built in 1908; Tudor Rectilinear in style; C. M. Brettschneider, architect. The structure is a two story, 2948 square foot, 11 room, five bedroom, three bathroom, one half-bathroom, masonry and frame house, with a detached garage. The house was constructed at a cost of $4,500. Oakland Cemetery Association records indicate that Frederick W. Eva (1860-1915,) the husband of Ada E. Eva, who was born in England to parents also born in England and who died of cerebral apoplexy, resided at this address in 1915. The 1918 city directory indicates that Mrs. F. W. Eva resided at this address. The 1924 city directory indicates that Mr. and Mrs. J. A. Haslam, Henry Fry, and Mrs. M. T. Fry all resided at this address. The 1930 city directory indicates that Kenneth L. Holmes, a professor at Macalester College, and his wife, Martha Holmes, resided at this address. J. D. Sattler resided at this address in 1914. Frederick W. Eva (1860- ,) the son of James R. Eva (1829- ,) a decorator and painter, and Addison R. Eva (1838- ,) was born in Penzance, Cornwall, England, was employed as a decorator and painter in Penzance, Cornwall, England, in 1881, immigrated to the United States and moved to Minnesota in 1883, engaged in the grain business, was the chief Minnesota grain inspector after 1902, and resided in St. Paul. Kenneth L. Holmes was a professorial lecturer in history at the University of Minnesota in 1948 and 1949. Kenneth L. Holmes, B.A., M.A., was a professor of history, the secretary of the faculty, and the chairman of the advisory council at Macalester College in 1959. Martha Holmes and Kenneth Holmes were members of the House of Hope Presbyterian Church. Kenneth L. Holmes (1914-1995) was a professor at the Oregon College of Education at Monmouth, Oregon, and also was emeritus professor of history at Western Oregon State College. Kenneth L. Holmes was the editor of Covered Wagon Women: Diaries and Letters from the Western Trails in 11 volumes, was the author of Ewing Young, Master Trapper, published in Portland, Oregon, by Binfords & Mort in 1967, based on his doctoral dissertation at the University of Oregon in 1963, was the author, with Judith A. Farmer, of An Historical Atlas of Early Oregon, published in Portland, Oregon, by Historic Cartographic Publications in 1973, and was the author of the article "The Historiography of the Activities of Francis Drake Along the Pacific Coast of North America in 1579" in Albion, a scholarly journal concerned with British Studies published quarterly by Appalachian State University in 1969. There was a Kenneth L. Holmes Prize in American History at Macalester College in 1995. The previous owners of record of the property are Frances H. Gladish and Leon B. Gladish and the current owner of record of the property is Frances H. Gladish. Leon B. Gladish, a retiree, was a contributor to the Democratic National Committee in 2004. Leon B. Gladish ( -2005) was a Presbyterian minister. Mr. and Mrs. Leon B. Gladish were financial supporters of the Courage Center in 2003, the Friends of the St. Paul Public Library in 2003, and the Minneapolis Institute of Arts in 2004. Leon Gladish was a financial supporter of the Minnesota Historical Society in 2002.

1411 Summit Avenue: John A. Swenson House; Built in 1900 (1909 according to Ramsey County property tax records;) Simplified Rectilinear in style; Louis Lockwood, architect. The structure is a two story, 3772 square foot, 13 room, five bedroom, three bathroom, one half-bathroom, stucco house, with a detached garage. The house was built for $4,300. The 1910 city directory indicates that John A. Swenson was a cashier at the Scandanavian American Bank and resided at this address. The 1918 city directory indicates that Mr. and Mrs. Price Wickersham resided at this address. The 1924 city directory indicates that Mr. and Mrs. C. O. Jenks, W. D. Stewart, and his daughter all resided at this address. The 1930 city directory indicates that this address was vacant. The 1964 St. Paul Academy Alumni Directory indicates that David C. Morgan, a member of the Class of 1957, Charles E. Morgan, a member of the Class of 1958, and John B. Morgan, Jr., a member of the Class of 1963, all resided at this address. John A. Swenson ( -1933) died in Ramsey County. The current owners of record of the property are Lee A. Dunfee and Jacqueline A. Rogalski. [See note on Lockwood for 1118 Summit Avenue.]

1410 Summit Avenue: William David Stewart House; Built in 1907 (1908 according to Ramsey County property tax records); Tudor Villa in style; Louis Lockwood, architect. The structure is a two story, 3679 square foot, nine room, five bedroom, two bathroom, two half-bathroom, brick house, with an attached masonry garage and a detached garage, which was last sold in 1996 for $412,000. The house was constructed at a cost of $9,000. The 1909 Central Presbyterian Church directory indicates that William D. Stewart and Nellie Stewart resided at this address. The 1918 city directory indicates that Mr. and Mrs. W. D. Stewart and their daughter resided at this address. The 1920 city directory indicates that Platt B. Walker, Jr., vice president of the St. Paul Builders Material Company, boarded at this address and that John O. Dickerman, a clerk employed by the St. Paul Association, resided at this address. The 1930 city directory indicates that William D. Stewart, president of the St. Paul Builders Material Company, Thomas W. Walsh, a lawyer and partner in the law firm of Walsh, Jackson, Walsh & Yackel, and his wife, Mildred Walsh, resided at this address. Platt Bayliss Walker, Jr., was a nephew of Thomas Barlow Walker (1840-1928), a lumber baron and the founder of Minneapolis' Walker Art Center. Platt B. Walker was the editor of the Lumberman in Minneapolis. Alexina C. Walker Gray, the wife of Clarence Caswell Gray, was the daughter of Platt B. Walker. Thomas Barlow Walker was the son of Platt Bayliss Walker and Antis K. Barlow Walker. William D. Stewart ( -1933) died in Ramsey County. Platt B. Walker ( -1934) died in Ramsey County. Platt B. Walker ( -1942) died in Hennepin County. The current owners of record of the property are Patricia M. Taylor and Richard D. Taylor. Patricia M. Taylor, a homemaker, was a contributor to the Howard Dean for President campaign in 2004. The 1924 city directory indicates that Mr. and Mrs. E. Podlasky resided at the former nearby 1407 Summit Avenue. [See note on Lockwood for 1118 Summit Avenue.]

1405 Summit Avenue: G. C. Bohn House; Built around 1910; Tudor Villa in style. The structure is a two story, 6362 square foot, 13 room, seven bedroom, six bathrooms, one half-bathroom, brick house, with an attached 672 square foot, four room, one bathroom, brick bungalow-style garage/carriage house and a detached garage. Minnesota Historical Society records indicate that Gebhard C. Bohn resided at this address from 1907 to 1935. The 1918 city directory indicates that Mr. and Mrs. G. C. Bohn resided at this address. The 1920 city directory indicates that Gebhard C. Bohn, the president of the Bohn Refrigerator Company, resided at this address and that Harold Bohn and John Bohn, a helper, both boarded at this address. The 1924 city directory indicates that Mr. and Mrs. G. C. Bohn and Harold Bohn all resided at this address. The 1930 city directory indicates that Gebhard C. Bohn, the president of the Bohn Refrigerator Company, located at 1350 University Avenue, and his wife, Janet Bohn, resided at this address. In 1934, Gebbard C. Bohn, Janet Fischbein Bohn, and Haskell G. Bohn resided at this address and were notable members of St. Paul society. In 1932, kidnappers Verne Sankey ( -1934) and Gordon Alcorn, both of Melville, Saskatchewan, a former Canadian National RailRoad engineer and a former Canadian National RailRoad fireman respectively, stalked and then snatched Haskell Bohn, the 20-year-old son of refrigerator magnate Gerhard Bohn, blindfolding him at gunpoint, tossing a ransom note for $35,000 to the horrified chauffeur, and roaring away in a getaway car. Sankey and Alcorn kept Bohn for a week, his eyes taped shut, near Wayzata, Minnesota, then released him. Verne Sankey was declared Public Enemy No. 1 by the FBI in the United States in the 1930's. Verne Sankey also kidnapped Charles Boettcher II of Denver, Colorado. His picture was in every newspaper in Canada and the United States, especially when he was captured by authorities in 1934 while having a shave in a Chicago barber shop. Verne Sankey committed suicide in his cell at Leavenworth Prison. Gebhard C. Bohn (1908-1982) was born in Minnesota and died in Hennepin County. The property was last sold for $465,000 and that sale occurred in 1994. The current owner of record of the property is Gwynne L. Evans. [For more information on Gebhard Bohn, see 761 Summit Avenue.]

1400 Summit Avenue: George Bookstover House; Built in 1913; Tudor Villa in style; Peter J. Linhoff, architect. The structure is a two story, 3504 square foot, 11 room, six bedroom, two bathroom, one half-bathroom, stucco house, with a detached garage, which was last sold in 2002 for $576,000. The house was built for $8,000. The 1918 city directory indicates that Mr. and Mrs. George C. Bookstaver resided at this address. The 1920 city directory indicates that George C. Bookstover, a manufacturers' agent located at the Gilfillan Block, resided at this address. The 1924 city directory indicates that Mr. and Mrs. A. E. Podlasky resided at this address. The 1930 city directory indicates that Albert E. Podlasky, a tanner with a store located at 129 Front Street, and his wife, Fannie Podlasky, resided at this address. The current owner of record of the property is Scott Davido. Scott Davido is the General Counsel of NRG Energy, Inc., a wholesale power generation company, of Minneapolis, and also became the chief financial officer of Calpine Corporation, a San Jose, California-based energy company, in 2006, which had been operating under bankruptcy protection since December, 2005. The 1924 city directory indicates that Mr. and Mrs. S. J. Melady and S. J. Melady, Jr., all resided at the former nearby 1399 Summit Avenue. [See note on Linhoff for 361 Summit Avenue.]

1397 Summit Avenue: S. J. Melady House; Built in 1922; Dutch Colonial in style; Wright and Hausler, architects. The structure is a two story, 2720 square foot, nine room, four bedroom, one bathroom, one half-bathroom, stucco house, with a detached garage, which was last sold in 2002 for $485,000. The house was constructed at a cost of $15,000. The 1930 city directory indicates that Stephen J. Melady, the owner of Melady Cattle Company, and his wife, Isabelle Melady, resided at this address. Stephen J. Melady ( -1947) died in Ramsey County. Stephen J. Melady (1902-1991) was born outside of Minnesota, had a mother with a maiden name of O'Rourke, and died in Ramsey County. The current owners of record of the property are Amy K. O'Connor and Robert W. Stolpestead. In 2003, Robert Stolpestad and Amy Stolpestad were contributors to the Randy Kelly for St. Paul Mayor campaign and resided at this address. Robert W. Stolpestad is President and Chief Financial Officer of Exeter Realty Company, a privately-held real estate development and management company. Robert W. Stolpestead was a financial contributor to the Amy Klobuchar for U. S. Senate campaign in 2006.

1396 Summit Avenue: F. Hildred House; Built in 1924 (1925 according to Ramsey County property tax records;) Georgian Revival in style; William Murphy & Son, architect. The structure is a two story, 2706 square foot, seven room, three bedroom, two bathroom, one half-bathroom, brick house, with an attached garage. The house cost $15,500 to build. The 1930 city directory indicates that Fred T. Hildred, president of F. T. Hildred & Company, a dealer in power plant equipment, engines, boilers, pumps, machinery, and supplies, and his wife, Mary Hildred, the vice president of F. T. Hildred & Company, resided at this address. Leslie R. Love, a Gunnery Sergeant in the USMC, the son of Mrs. Margaret S. Hildred, was a World War II casualty and resided at this address in the early 1940's. Frederick T. Hildred ( -1953) died in Ramsey County. The current owners of record of the property are Leslie J. Erickson and Todd A. Erickson.

1395 Summit Avenue: Built in 1923. The structure is a two story, 2660 square foot, ten room, four bedroom, two bathroom, one half-bathroom, stucco house, with a detached garage, which was last sold in 2002 for $429,900. The 1930 city directory indicates that Joseph M. Gaffney and his wife, Mary S. Gaffney, resided at this address. Joseph M. Gaffney ( -1932) died in Ramsey County. The current owners of record of the property are David V. Power and Dianna J. Shandy.

1393 Summit Avenue: J. M. Gaffney House; Built in 1923; Twenties Villa in style; William M. Lindau, architect. Building the house cost $15,000. Joseph M. Gaffney ( -1932) died in Ramsey County.

1390 Summit Avenue: J. C. Fitzgerald House; Built in 1922; Georgian Revival in style; George W. Blood, architect. The structure is a two story, 2098 square foot, seven room, three bedroom, one bathroom, one half-bathroom, stucco house, with an attached garage. The house was built for $10,000. The 1924 city directory indicates that Mr. and Mrs. J. C. Fitzgerald resided at this address. The 1930 city directory indicates that James C. Fitzgerald, the president of the Prouty Commission Company, and his wife, Genevieve Fitzgerald, resided at this address. James C. Fitzgerald (1875-1957) was born outside of Minnesota, had a mother with a maiden name of Fitzgerald, and died in Ramsey County. The current owners of record of the property are James W. Kochevar and Laura K. Kochevar. James W. Kochevar has a Ph.D. in Experimental Psychology from the University of Minnesota and has board certification in professional ergonomics. Laura K. Kochevar, Ph.D., is an Educational Specialist at the Regional Injury Prevention Research Center and Center for Violence Prevention and Control, Division of Environmental and Occupational Health, School of Public Health, University of Minnesota.

1389 Summit Avenue: Yale Libman House; Built 1952; Contemporary in style; Norman Johnson, architect. The structure is a 5652 square foot, 12 room, six bedroom, five bathroom, three half-bathroom, brick rambler, with a two car tuck-under garage (detached garage according to Ramsey County property tax records.) The house was constructed at a cost of $12,000. Yale Libman (1920-1996) was born in Minnesota, had a mother with a maiden name of Barenbaum, and died in Ramsey County. The current owner of record of the property is Karen Rae Hannah. Summit Adoption Home Studies, Inc. is also located at this address.

1382 Summit Avenue: Clarence H. Slocum House; Built in 1899; Colonial Revival/Queen Anne Rectilinear in style; Louis Lockwood, architect, and Harry Lange, builder. The house cost $3,625 to build. The house is a 2 1/2 story, 4414 square foot, 11 room, six bedroom, two bathroom, one half-bathroom, stucco structure which has an intersecting hip roof with a gable having flared eyes and with two gabled dormers. It has a detached garage and was last sold in 2003 for $1,200,000. Slocum was the secretary and manager of the former St. Paul Book & Stationery Company in 1900 and was its president in 1909. The 1910 city directory indicates that Clarence H. Slocum was the president and manager of the St. Paul Book & Stationery Company and resided at this address. The 1918 city directory indicates that Mr. and Mrs. C. H. Slocum and their daughter resided at this address. The 1924 city directory indicates that Mr. and Mrs. C. H. Slocum resided at this address. The 1930 city directory indicates that Clarence H. Slocum, the president-manager of the St. Paul Book & Stationery Company, and his wife, Cora Slocum, resided at this address. Clarence H. Slocum ( -1950) died in Ramsey County. Harry Frederick Lange ( -1929) died in Washington County, Minnesota. The current owners of record of the property are Maureen Chevalier and Mark K. Thomas. Maureen Chevalier and Mark Thomas were financial supporters of Park Nicollet Foundation in 2005 and of the Convent of the Visitation School in 2005-2006. Maureen Chevalier was in the class of 1976 of the International School of Geneva. [See note on Lockwood for 1118 Summit Avenue.] [See note for the St. Paul Book & Stationery for 629 North Street.]

1381 Summit Avenue: Mrs. B. Knuppe House; Built in 1899 (1907 according to Ramsey County property tax records;) Simplified Rectilinear in style; Louis Lockwood, architect. The structure is a two story, 3222 square foot, 11 room, six bedroom, two bathroom, two half-bathroom, frame house, with a detached garage. The house was built for $3,000. Oakland Cemetery Association records indicate that Louis W. Wolterstorff resided at this address in 1909. John Knuppe resided at this address in 1912, and L. W. Wolterstorff resided at this address from 1914 through 1924. The 1918 and 1924 city directories indicate that Mr. and Mrs. L. W. Wolterstorff resided at this address. The 1930 city directory indicates that William J. Smith, a master mechanic employed by the Twin City Rapid Transit Company, and his wife, Lora E. Smith, resided at this address. The current owners of record of the property are Mary C. Cole and Michael G. Cole. [See note on Lockwood for 1118 Summit Avenue.] [See note on the Twin City Rapid Transit Company for 165 Western Avenue North.]

1376 Summit Avenue: Rush B. Wheeler House; Built in 1909 (Ramsey County property tax records and Sandeen; 1909-1910 according to Larson;) Early Modern Rectilinear in style; Clarence H. Johnston, Sr., architect. The structure is a two story, 2496 square foot, eight room, five bedroom, two bathroom, one half-bathroom, stucco house, with a detached garage. The house was constructed at a cost of $5,500 (Sandeen; $6,000 according to Larson.) In 1916, Rush B. Wheeler was a member of the Minnesota Historical Society and resided at this address. The 1918 and 1924 city directories indicate that Mr. and Mrs. R. B. Wheeler and their daughter resided at this address. The 1930 city directory indicates that Mrs. Harriet S. Wheeler, the widow of Rush B. Wheeler, resided at this address. In 1934, Harriet Clark Wheeler, the widow of Rush Wheeler, and Cleora Clark Wheeler resided at this address. Rush Wheeler (1844- ) was born in South Butler, New York, was a graduate of Yale University in 1871, came to Austin, Minnesota, in 1873, read the law in 1876, moved to St. Paul in 1883, and was president of the Real Estate Exchange of St. Paul in 1894-1895. Rush Wheeler married Harriet Clark. Harriet Clark Wheeler was a graduate of the University of Minnesota. Harriet Clark Wheeler and Cleora Clark Wheeler were members of the American Association of University Women and the Women's City Club of St. Paul. Cleora Clark Wheeler (1882-1980) was born in Austin, Minnesota, graduated with honors from St. Paul Central High School and from the University of Minnesota, received art training at the New York School of Fine and Applied Art/Parsons School of Art, opened a studio at this address, was a renowned artist, a designer, and an illuminator of books and other publications who received certificates of proficiency in advanced engineering drafting from the University of Minnesota, was a well-known bookplate and Christmas card designer, was also an architectural photographer and poet, was a wedding invitation designer, and was an expert in steel-die stamping with widespread recognition. Wheeler received an Alumnae Achievement Award from the Kappa Kappa Gamma Fraternity in 1952, after she served as the Fraternity's Grand Registrar from 1904 to 1906 and as its representative to National Panhellenic Conference from 1905 to 1906, after she prepared a Song Leaflet and Manual of Information for distribution at the 1914 Estes Park Convention, after she attended the Fourth Inter-Sorority Conference in Chicago, where she was instrumental in bringing about the decision that the fraternities had the power of vote on recommendations only, not the power to legislate and hold their entire membership to rules passed by single representatives, after she served for seven years as the Fraternity's Custodian of the Badge, after she prepared the text and illustrations on insignia which appeared in the 1930 History of Kappa Kappa Gamma, and after she created an official bookplate of the Fraternity. Cleora Clark Wheeler was a member of the National Society Magna Charta Dames and Barons, whose membership is based upon the existence of a direct lineal descent from one or more of the twenty-five Sureties for the Magna Charta or from a Baron, Prelate, Knight, or other influential person present on the field of Runnemede, England, in June, 1215, was a judge for national achievement awards and was National Chairman of Heraldic Art of the National League of American Pen Women, and was state curator of the Nathan Hale chapter of the Minnesota Daughters of the American Revolution. Cleora Wheeler also was a substitute teacher in the St. Paul Public Schools. Cleora Wheeler had an exhibition of her bookplate work, entitled "Atmospheric studies," at the St. Paul Public Library in 1922, under the auspices of the Saint Paul Institute. Cleora Clark Wheeler was a niece of Charles A. Clark (1865-1929,) who was a Spanish-American War veteran and was a resident of the Far East. Clark airfield in Honolulu, Hawaii, was named for Clark's son, Harold Melville Clark (1890-1919,) who died in a airplane crash. Rush B. Wheeler ( -1930) and Harriet S. Wheeler ( -1937) both died in Ramsey County. Cleora Clark Wheeler (1882-1980) was born in Minnesota, had a mother with a maiden name of Clark, and died in Ramsey County. The current owners of record of the property are Raina Eberly and Brian Engdahl. Raina Eberly Ph. D. is employed by the Department of Veteran Affairs at the St. Paul Veterans Center. Brian E. Engdahl, Ph. D., is a counseling psychologist employed by the Department of Veterans Affairs at the Minneapolis VA Medical Center and is an Associate Professor at the Center on Aging in the graduate minor program in gerentology. Brian E. Engdahl, a U. S. D. V. A. psychologist, was a contributor to the Republican National Committee in 2004. Brian Engdahl and Raina Eberly have published articles on post traumatic stress. Raina Eberly and Brian Engdahl successively appealed to the St. Paul City Council a set back condition set by the St. Paul Heritage Preservation Commission in approving a building permit for construction of a tree house on their property in 2001. Raina Eberly and Brian Engdahl were financial supporters of the Friends School of Minnesota in 2003. [See note on Johnston for 476 Summit Avenue.]

1374 Summit Avenue: Ruth B. Wheeler/Perry Smith House; Built in 1889; Victorian/Queen Anne in style; Adams, Dewey & Smith, architects. Building the house cost $5,000. The house is now a condominium. Unit 1 is a 1350 square foot, six room, one bedroom, one bathroom, frame condominium, with a detached garage, which last sold in 2004 for $250,000, and which is currently owned by Paul D. Hartleben. Unit 2 is a 2000 square foot, five room, two bedroom, two bathroom, frame condominium, with a detached garage, which is currently owned by Robin Sydor. The overall structure is a 2 1/2 story wood frame clapboard sided structure with a gabled roof. It is one of the oldest houses on this portion of Summit Avenue. The 1891 and 1893 city directories indicate that Mr. and Mrs. C. T. Newcomb resided at this address. The 1903 Delta Upsilon Decennial Catalogue indicates that Harvey Dwight Barnett (1881- ,) the son of Edward De F. Barnett and Marietta Rogers Barnett, who was born in Orange City, Florida, who graduated from the St. Paul Central High School, and who attended the University of Minnesota, resided at this address. Oakland Cemetery Association records indicate that Mrs. Marietta Barnett resided at this address in 1909. The 1918 city directory indicates that Mr. and Mrs. G. L. Stannard and Mrs. E. De F. Barnett all resided at this address. The 1920 city directory indicates that Marietta Barnett, the widow of De F. Barnett, resided at this address. The 1924 city directory indicates that Mrs. Bertha McCord and Mrs. E. De F. Barnett resided at this address. The 1930 city directory indicates that Mrs. Marietta Barnett, the widow of Edward D. Barnett, resided at this address. Adams, Dewey & Smith was a St. Paul architectural firm. Charles Newcomb ( -1932) died in Ramsey County. Ruth Margaret Wheeler (1887-1996) was born in Minnesota, had a mother with a maiden name of Heinlein, and died in Ramsey County. Perry Smith ( -1953) died in Ramsey County. Twig and Pebble, Limited, is currently located at Unit #2 at this address. Paul D. Hartleben M.D. is a a spine surgeon at Summit Orthopedics Ltd. Robin Sydor was a financial supporter of the St. Paul YWCA in 2005. In 2001, Robin Sydor, with Steven M. Reinecke, Allan D. Luce, and Mark J. Strehlke, patented a traction device adjustment mechanism and method, assigned to AMEI Technologies, Inc., and in 2003, patented an ambulatory support device, also assigned to AMEI Technologies, Inc.

1373 Summit Avenue: James B. Gribben/Thomas E. Yerxa House; Built in 1890 (1898 according to Ramsey County property tax records;) Colonial Revival/Georgian Rectilinear in style; Malcolm McKay, architect and builder. The house cost $12,000 to build. The house is a 2 1/2 story, 4106 square foot, ten room, six bedroom, three bathroom, one half-bathroom, woodframe and clapboard sided structure which has a hipped bell cast roof, with one gabled and three hipped roof dormers. It has a symmetrical facade. "Bell cast" means a levelling out of a roof pitch over a wall head which achieves a bell-like shape. It is usually achieved by fixing short timbers called sprockets or cocking pieces to the feet of the rafters. It also has a detached garage. The house was one of the first Colonial Revival style houses built on Summit Avenue and the 1979-1982 St. Paul-Ramsey County architectural survey field worker indicates that it is an unusual presentation of the standard details of that style. The 1891 and 1893 city directories indicate that Mr. and Mrs. T. E. Yerxa resided at this address. Oakland Cemetery Association records indicate that James P. Gribben and Jennie Dean Gribben (1855-1900,) who died of typhoid fever, husband and wife, resided at this address in 1900. J. P. Gribben resided at this address in 1912. The 1918 city directory indicates that Mr. and Mrs. J. P. Gribben resided at this address. The 1920 city directory indicates that Esther M. Defiel, a student, and Margaret L. Defiel, a student, both boarded at this address and that Michael E. Defiel, the treasurer of the Van Paper Supply Company, resided at this address. The 1930 city directory indicates that James C. Otis, a lawyer in the law firm of Boyesen, Otis & Faricy, officing at the Endicott Building, and his wife, Winifred B. Otis, resided at this address. In 1934, James C. Otis, Winifred Brill Otis, James Otis, Elizabeth Otis, Gilbert Otis, and Alice Otis resided at this address. James C. Otis was a graduate of Cornell University. Thomas Yerxa was a grocer with Yerxa Brothers & Company, Grocers, formerly in downtown St. Paul. The Otis family were members of the Minikahda Country Club, the St. Paul Athletic Club, and the Women's City Club of St. Paul in 1934. James C. Otis was an associate justice of the Minnesota Supreme Court from 1961 to 1982. In 1879, James P. Gribben, a dealer in lumber, lath, and shingles located at the corner of Ninth Street and Jackson Street, resided at 37 Western Avenue and William C. Gribben, a bookkeeper employed by Gribben Lumber Company, boarded at 37 Western Avenue. James Perry Gribben, the son of Samuel White Morgan and Elizabeth Mathews Morgan and the grandson of William Groom Morgan and Phoebe Campbell Morgan, was a member of the Minnesota Society of the Sons of the American Revolution by virtue of great grandfather Robert Morgan, an Ensign of the Maryland Flying Camp Battalion during the Revolutionary War. In 1882, James P. Gribben arranged to purchase the cemetery plot at Oakland Cemetery originally purchased by Walter J. S. Traill and his wife. James P. Gribben, a St. Paul lumber merchant, purchased property in Lake Elmo, Minnesota, in 1887, named it "Cloverdale Stock Farm" and developed a fine stable and training facility for trotting horses, including Dan Patch, the World's fastest pacer. In 1897, Mr. Gribben sold the Cloverdale property to Thomas Irvine and his son, Horace Hills Irvine, and eventually the Cloverdale Farm property was developed as residential real estate by the Robert Engstrom Companies. In 1902, James Perry Gribben was the president of the Gribben Lumber Company. James P. Gribben was a vice president of the Minnesota Society of the Sons of the American Revolution in 1908 and was a member of the Minnesota Historical Society in 1922. In 1908, the Gribben Lumber Company newly located in the Dayton's Bluff neighborhood and was included in the Picturesque Dayton’s Bluff booklet published by the Dayton's Bluff Commercial Club. James Perry Gribben (1845- ) was born in Huron County, Ohio. Jennie Dean Gribben, the wife of James Perry Gribben, was born in Pennsylvania, the daughter of Captain William Dean and Aurelia Butler Dean, the grandaughter of John Dean and Elizabeth Dock Dean, and the great granddaughter of Philip Dock, a sergeant in the Fifth Pennsylvania Regiment during the American Revolution, and Elizabeth Killian Dock, and was a member of the Daughters of the American Revolution. Jean P. Gribben was the widow of James P. Gribben and resided at 709 Portland Avenue in 1930. Perry Dean Gribben (1881-1918) was born in St. Paul, attended the Hill School, attended Phillips Academy, graduated in 1903 from the Scheffield Scientific School at Yale University, became the secretary and treasurer of the Gribben Lumber Company in 1904, enlisted as a First Lieutenant in the Signal Corps in 1917, and died from injuries sustained in an automobile accident while on leave in St. Paul. Edward A. Claypool (1851-1916) was the author of Ancestry of James Perry Gribben. James C. Otis ( -1949) died in Ramsey County. James Cornish Otis (1912-1993) was born in Minnesota, had a mother with a maiden name of Brill, and died in Ramsey County. Winifred Brill Otis (1880-1970) was born in Minnesota, had a mother with a maiden name of Grey, and died in Ramsey County. The Justice James C. Otis Scholarship Endowment at the William Mitchell College of Law was established in 1994. There is also a Justice James C. Otis Memorial Public Service Scholarship at the Hamline University School of Law. The current owner of record of the property is U. S. Bank. [See note for T. F. Yerxa for 2847 East Lake of the Isles Parkway.] [See note for Walter J. S. Traill for 534 Summit Avenue.]

1366 Summit Avenue: F. A. Upham House #1; Built in 1910; Gust Anderson, architect. The structure is a two story, 4862 square foot, 16 room, six bedroom, three bathroom, brick house, with a detached garage. The house was built for $6,500. Rev. John Wright resided at this address in 1914. In 1916, Frank A. Upham was a member of the Minnesota Historical Society and resided at this address. The 1918 city directory indicates that Mr. and Mrs. F. A. Upham and Mr. and Mrs. E. E. Craven all resided at this address. The 1920 city directory indicates that Wilbur F. Day and Hjalmar C. Christensen, a musician, both resided at this address. The 1924 city directory indicates that Col. and Mrs. J. B. Woolnough and Miss Pearl Wilmont all resided at this address. The 1930 city directory indicates that Jesse I. Mark, the manager of Markson's Jewelry Company, his wife, Baillie Mark, Morris Gordon, and his wife, Pauline Gordon, all resided at this address. James Barton "Goat" Woolnough (1879-1958) was born in Dubuque, Iowa, moved with his parents to Minnesota, first settled in Minneapolis, later moved to Lake Minnetonka, attended the University of Minnesota from 1899 until 1900, was a member of the Delta Kappa Epsilon fraternity, was appointed to the U. S. Military Academy from Minnesota in 1900, graduated from the U. S. Military Academy at West Point, New York, in 1904, was assigned to the 21st Infantry Regiment and toured the Philippines, participated in several expeditions against Pulajanes, married Elsie Neukirk Kopper (1883-1965,) the daughter of Edward Kopper (1845-1920) and Ellen Neukirk Clark Kopper (1850-1921,) of St. Paul in 1907, was Professor of Military Science and Tactics at the University of Minnesota from 1912 until 1914, served on the Mexican Border in 1914, served with the 362nd Infantry, American Expeditionary Force, until 1919, participated in the Ypres-Lys, the St. Mihiel and the Meuse-Argonne operations with the 91st Division during World War I, received two promotions for gallantry in action, the Silver Star on two occasions, the French Croix de Guerre with Silver Star, and the Purple Heart, returned to Minnesota as a Regular Army instructor with the Minnesota National Guard until 1923, was a student at Fort Leavenworth in 1923, was assigned to the Militia Bureau in Washington from 1924 until 1928, attended the Army War College as a student in 1928, was assigned to the 14th Infantry in the Canal Zone from 1929 until 1931, was assigned to the Infantry School from 1931 until 1935, served in the Chief of Infantry's office from 1935 until 1939, suffered a coronary thrombosis in 1939 and retired from the U. S. Army, and died at DeWitt Hospital at Fort Belvoir, Virginia. James Barton Woolnough and Elsie Neukirk Kopper Woolnough had two children, James Karrick Woolnough (1910-1996) and Ellen Neukerk Woolnough (Mrs. Charles Merriam) Tooke (1908-1992.) Frank A. Upham ( -1920) died in Ramsey County. John Wright ( -1919) died in Ramsey County. The current owners of record of the property are Owen L. Sorenson and Susan K. Sorenson, who reside at 872 Goodrich Avenue. Owen L. Sorenson is a lawyer with the law firm of Stringer & Rohleder, Ltd.

1365 Summit Avenue: William Filben House; Built in 1927 (1928 according to Ramsey County property tax records;) Tudor Villa in style; William Larsen, architect. The structure is a two story, 3451 square foot, nine room, five bedroom, four bathroom, one half-bathroom, stucco house, with one one car attached garage and one two car attached garage, which was last sold in 1994 for $299,500. The house was constructed at a cost of $7,500. Walter R. Weaver was a World War I veteran who resided at this address in 1919. The 1930 city directory indicates that William M. Filben and his wife, Bernice Filben, resided at this address. William M. Filben ( -1940) died in Ramsey County. Walter Russell Weaver (1891-1975) was born outside of Minnesota, had a mother with a maiden name of Sheets, and died in Marshall County, Minnesota. The current owners of record of the nonhomesteaded property are Paul D. Hartleben, who resides at 1374 Summit Avenue, and Mary A. McCarney.

1364 Summit Avenue: F. J. Errett House; Built in 1899 (1902 according to Ramsey County property tax records); Queen Anne Rectilinear in style; Louis Lockwood, architect. The structure is a two story, 3101 square foot, ten room, five bedroom, two bathroom, one half-bathroom, frame house, with a detached garage, which was last sold in 2003 for $633,000. The house cost $6,000 to construct. The 1910-1911 Directory of the University of Minnesota indicates that Joseph M. Little, a student, resided at this address. Dr. J. B. Little resided at this address from 1912 to 1924. The 1918 city directory indicates that the residents at this address were Dr. and Mrs. J. B. Little, G. A. Timmerman, Dr. J. M. Little, and Mrs. L. J. Gates. World War I veterans Gates A. Timmerman, Charles H. Little, and Harvey B. Little resided at this address in 1919. The 1924 city directory indicates that Dr. and Mrs. J. B. Little and G. A. Timmerman all resided at this address. The 1930 city directory indicates that James H. Mulally, the general attorney employed by the Great Northern RailRoad, and his wife, Helen Mulally, resided at this address. The 1915 city directory indicates that James H. Mulally was a lawyer with the law firm of Lawler & Mulally, located at the New York Life Building, and resided at 941 Goodrich. J. H. Mulally was a member of the Minnesota Historical Society in 1946. J. H. Mulally represented the railroad in Lewis v. Chicago, St. Paul, Minneapolis & Omaha Railway, 127 NW 180 (1910,) in Julia Symons v. Great Northern Railway Company, _?_ Minn. _?_ (1940,) in Engberg v. Great Northern Railway Co., 207 Minn. 194 (1940,) in New York Trust Co. v. Northern Pacific Railway Co., _?_ Minn. _?_ (1944,) in Waylander-Peterson Co. v. Great Northern Railway Co., 201 F2d 408 (1953,) in Swift & Company v. Walter R. Casura and the Chicago Great Western Railway Company, 234 F.2d 441 (1956,) and in J.L. Shiely Company v. Chicago, Milwaukee, St. Paul & Pacific Railroad Company, _?_ Minn. _?_ (1958.) In 1917, J. H. Mulally was an instructor in business law in the General Extension Division of the University of Minnesota. Flora J. Errett ( -1936) died in Hennepin County. John Batten Little ( -1950) died in Ramsey County. Harvey Little (1915-1986) was born in Minnesota, had a mother with a maiden name of Kellar, and died in Ramsey County. The current owners of record of the property are Laura C. Dunham and John F. McVea. Laura Dunham, an Assistant Professor at the University of St. Thomas, was a contributor to the Democratic National Committee in 2004. [See note on Lockwood for 1118 Summit Avenue.] [See note on the Great Northern RailRoad for 280 Maple Street.]

1358 Summit Avenue: E. Barenson House; Built in 1918; Simplified Rectilinear in style; Johnson-Schwartz, architects. The structure is a two story, 2488 square foot, 12 room, five bedroom, two bathroom, two half-bathroom, stucco house, with a detached garage. The house cost $5,000 to build. The 1924 city directory indicates that Mr. and Mrs. George Lidren resided at this address. The 1930 city directory indicates that Charles W. Briggs, a lawyer and a partner in the law firm of Clapp, Richardson, Elmquist, Briggs & McCartney, and his wife, Lois Briggs, resided at this address. George Lidren resided at this address in 1924. Mrs. Rose Barenson ( -1921) and George Lidren ( -1931) both died in Ramsey County. The current owner of record of the property is Mary Louise Gladhill.

1353 Summit Avenue: William Segal House; Built in 1954; Contemporary in style; Bream & Sons, architects. The structure is a 2409 square foot, eight room, three bedroom, three bathroom, masonry and frame rambler, with a detached garage. The house was built for $16,000. William Segal ( -1932) and William Segal ( -1969) both died in Ramsey County. The current owner of record of the property is James J. Kennelly. Jim Kennelly and Margie Kennelly are the parents of Samantha Kennelly, a French immersion school student in Independent School District No. 625, St. Paul.

1352 Summit Avenue: Joseph M. Dickson House; Built in 1899; Colonial Revival/Queen Anne Rectilinear in style; O. Hahn, architect and builder. The structure is a 2 1/2 story (two story according to Ramsey County property tax records), 3866 square foot, 11 room, five bedroom, four bathroom, brick house, with a detached garage. Construction of the house cost $10,000. The house has a hipped roof with an intersecting gable and with two bellcast hipped dormers. Oakland Cemetery Association records indicate that Joseph M. Dickson resided at this address in 1900. The 1918 city directory indicates that Mr. and Mrs. J. M. Dickson resided at this address. The 1920 city directory indicates that Ella M. Dickson, proprietor of a grocery store located at 180 Concord Street, and Joseph M. Dickson both resided at this address. The 1924 city directory indicates that Mr. and Mrs. J. M. Dickson resided at this address. The 1930 city directory indicates that Mrs. Elizabeth M. Dickson, the widow of Joseph M. Dickson, resided at this address. Dickson was the proprietor of Pioneer Tea & Coffee Co. The current owner of record of the property is Brent C. Nelson.

1345-1347 Summit Avenue: Walter Butler and Pierce Butler House; Built in 1900 (1895 according to Larson;) NeoJacobean/British American Dutch Renaissance in style; Clarence H. Johnston, Sr., architect, and the Butler-Ryan Co., builder. The house cost $25,000 to build (Sandeen and Larson.) The structure at 1345 Summit Avenue is a two story, 6222 square foot, 12 room, five bedroom, four bathroom, brick house, which was last sold in 1992 for $207,500, and which is currently owned by Thomas R. Bergin, Jr., and Jessica K. Dodge. The house at 1347 Summit Avenue is a 2 1/2 story (two story according to Ramsey County property tax records,) 6093 square foot, 11 room, four bedroom, three bathroom, one half-bathroom, brick double house which has a hipped roof with an intersecting gable and with one polygonal and two shed dormers that also has a detached garage and is currently owned by Aviel Goodman and Diane Goodman. Minnesota Historical Society records indicate that Walter Butler resided at 1345 Summit Avenue and that Pierce Butler resided at 1347 Summit Avenue from 1897 to 1959. The 1918 city directory indicates that Mr. and Mrs. Walter Butler and their daughter resided at 1345 Summit Avenue and that Mr. and Mrs. Pierce Butler, their daughter, and Pierce Butler, Jr., all resided at 1345 Summit Avenue. The 1920 city directory indicates that Francis D. Butler, a student, John E. Butler, a superintendent employed by the Butler Brothers, Kevin Butler, a student, Leo P. Butler, a mine superintendent, Robert Butler, and Walter P. Butler, a superintendent, all boarded at 1345 Summit Avenue and that Pierce Butler, a partner with William D. Mitchell, Michael J. Doherty, Wilfred E. Rumble, and Charles Bunn in the law firm of Butler, Mitchell & Doherty, located at the Merchant Bank Building, and Walter Butler, the president of Butler Brothers, both resided at 1345 Summit Avenue and that William J. Butler, a student at the Nichols School, Antoinette Cronin, and John Cronin, a student, all boarded at 1347 Summit Avenue. The 1924 city directory indicates that Mr. and Mrs. Walter Butler and W. P. Butler all resided at 1345 Summit Avenue and that Hon. and Mrs. Pierce Butler resided at 1347 Summit Avenue. The 1930 city directory indicates that Walter P. Butler, the secretary-treasurer of the Walter Butler Company, and his wife, Zena Butler, resided at 1345 Summit Avenue and that Robert Butler, vice president-manager of the Walter Butler Company, and his wife, Margaret Porter Butler, resided at 1347 Summit Avenue. The 1939 St. Paul Academy Alumni Directory indicates that Robert Butler, who attended the school from 1913 until 1914, who served in the Purchase, Storage and Traffic Division, General Staff, of the Philippine Scouts, and who officed at the Guardian Building, resided at this address. The 1950 St. Paul Academy Alumni Directory indicates that the Honorable Robert Butler, who attended the school from 1913 until 1914, who attended Dartmouth College, who graduated from the University of Minnesota in Mining Engineering in 1922, who was a Captain in the Philippine Constabulary during World War I, who was a member of the Union Club, the Minnesota Club, and the Havana, Cuba, Country Club, who was the U. S. Delegate to the South Sea Conference, who was Ambassador to Australia, who was Ambassador to Cuba, who was a judge at Mati Davao, Philippine Islands, who was president of the Builder's Trust Company, who was president of the Walter Butler Company, who was president of the Walter Butler Ship Builders' Trust Company, resided at 1347 Summit Avenue, at White Bear Lake, Minnesota, and in Havana, Cuba. The 1950 St. Paul Academy Alumni Directory also indicates that Walter Butler III, who attended the school from 1935 until 1938, who attended the Virginia Military Institute, who attended the University of Minnesota, who was a First Lieutenant in an Armored Division of the U. S. Army during World War III, who received a Purple Heart, and who married Shirley Riedel in Canberra, Australia, in 1947, resided at 1347 Summit Avenue. In 1972-1973, Kenneth Damlo, a student at Macalester College, resided at 1347 Summit Avenue. The 1991 St. Paul’s on-the-Hill Episcopal Church directory indicates that Joan Gregg resided at this address. Walter Butler founded Butler Brothers Co., a builder. Pierce Butler (1866-1939) the sixth of the eight children of Patrick Butler (1823-1900) and Mary Gaffrey Butler (1830-1915,) was born in Waterford, Minnesota. His parents, who were Roman Catholics, settled on a farm in the Northwest after emigrating from Ireland during the potato famine of the 1840's. With money earned at a nearby dairy, Pierce Butler attended Carleton College in his home town of Northfield, Minnesota, and graduated in 1887 with a bachelor of arts degree and a bachelor of science degree. Pierce Butler left Northfield, Minnesota, to read the law with the St. Paul firm Pinch & Twohy and was admitted to the bar in 1888 at the age of 22. Pierce Butler moved to St. Paul and began his legal career practicing law with Stan Donnelly, the son of Ignatius Donnelly, who was a member of Congress from Minnesota and future vice-presidential candidate of the People's Party. In 1893, Butler was elected county attorney of Ramsey County and held that office until 1897. While he was the county attorney, he formed the law firm of How, Butler & Mitchell and later became senior partner of Butler, Mitchell & Doherty. U. S. Attorney General George Wickersham chose Butler to represent the federal government in a number of antitrust cases around 1910. His skillful prosecution won him the attorney general's praise as the "foremost lawyer in his part of the country" and brought him to President Harding's attention. When Justice Day's resignation in 1922 left a vacancy on the Court, Butler was Chief Justice Taft's top choice for the seat. During an arbitration in Canada in 1921, Taft had been favorably impressed with Butler and recommended him to Harding. There were other reasons for Taft's strong preference, however. He wanted to obtain a conservative majority on the Court. Butler's conservative judicial past made Taft confident that if appointed he would align himself with Justices Van Devanter, McReynolds, and Sutherland. Taft, a Protestant, had replaced Chief Justice White, a Catholic, and another Catholic also was needed on the bench. Pierce Butler was nominated a U. S. Supreme Court associate justice by President Warren G. Harding and confirmed by the Senate in 1922, by a 61-8 vote. Although Taft succeeded in convincing President Harding of Butler's merits, Senate liberals were not so easily persuaded. Their primary objection concerned Butler's defense of the Northern Pacific, Great Northern, and Chicago, Burlington, & Quincy railroads during his legal practice. Also criticized were Butler's actions as a regent of the University of Minnesota from 1907 to 1924. Faculty members whose economic or political views differed from Butler's had been dismissed from or refused tenure at the University of Minnesota. Cass Gilbert prepared plans for the design of the University of Minnesota-Minneapolis campus, but his hopes seemed to have run aground on the bitter animosity with University of Minnesota regent Pierce Butler in addition to expense and other bottom-line concerns. Butler's enmity was as much personal as financial, stemming from a 1906 dispute between Gilbert and Walter Butler's contracting firm, which failed to complete work on a Boston bank building that Gilbert had designed, and about which Gilbert recommended that Butler's company be assessed a $6,000 penalty. Ironically, Butler served in the Gilbert-designed U. S. Supreme Court building. Butler died in Washington, D.C. He was a staunch advocate of the Court's laissez faire decisions during his tenure. Both Butler brothers were raised in Northfield, Minnesota. Patrick Butler (1823-1900) was born in Wicklow, Ireland, emigrated to the United States in 1846, settled in Dakota County, Minnesota in 1855, owned a farm near Northfield, Rice County, Minnesota until 1888, when he moved to St. Paul, and died in St. Paul. The 1920 city directory indicates that John E. Butler, the superintendent for the Butler Brothers Company, resided at 1345 Summit Avenue and that Robert Butler and Walter P. Butler, a superintendent, both boarded at 1345 Summit Avenue. The 1920 city directory also indicates that Pierce Butler, a partner in the Butler, Mitchell & Doherty law firm, resided at 1347 Summit Avenue and that Kevin Butler, a student, Leo P. Butler, a mine superintendent, and Walter J. Butler, a student at the Nicholas School, all boarded at 1347 Summit Avenue. World War I veterans John E. Butler (1888- ,) a corporal, Walter P. Butler (1892- ,) a sergeant, and Robert J. Butler (1897- ,) a second lieutenant, resided at 1345 Summit Avenue in 1919. Leo P. Butler, Pierce Butler, Jr., and William J. Butler were World War I veterans who resided at 1347 Summit Avenue in 1919. The house was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 1982 because of its connection with a famous person and its influence in the areas of industry, engineering, law, and architecture. The Walter Butler Company was a contractor that helped build the Huntsville, Alabama, Redstone Arsenal, a military chemical manufacturing installation, during World War II and the Farragut Naval Training Station in Sandstone, Idaho, in 1942. Pierce Butler (1866-1939) is buried in Cavalry Cemetery in St. Paul. Walter Butler ( -1923) and John Edward Butler ( -1927) both died in Ramsey County. Walter P. Butler ( -1939) died in Hennepin County. Walter J. Butler (1918-1981) was born outside of Minnesota, had a mother with a maiden name of Murphy, and died in Hennepin County. Jessica Dodge is a program manager for the Minneapolis Regional Chamber of Commerce. Aviel Goodman is a photographer and had an exhibit of photographs during January, 2007, at Augsburg College Art Galleries. In Fall, 1995, an exhibit of photomontages by Diane Grace Goodman and poetry by Aviel Goodman entitled "Holocaust and Burning Bush" was presented at the Jewish Community Center of St. Paul. Aviel Goodman MD, is a Psychoanalyst and Psychiatrist in private practice in St. Paul, is also the Director of the Minnesota Institute of Psychiatry, located at this address, is the Editor and Columnist for PSA Today, the newsletter of the Minnesota Psychoanalytic Institute and Society, and is the Chair of the Faculty Committee of the Minnesota Psychoanalytic Institute. [See note on Johnston for 476 Summit Avenue.]

1344 Summit Avenue: Charles E. Otis House/Uptown House; Built in 1898; Addition in 1912; Colonial Revival/Queen Anne Rectilinear in style; C. P. Wildung, builder. The house is a 2 1/2 story, 5539 square foot, 15 room, nine bedroom, four bathroom, two half-bathroom, brick structure which has a hipped gable roof with two bellcast hip dormers. It also has Tuscan columns and a detached garage. Oakland Cemetery Association records indicate that Charles E. Otis and Elizabeth Ransom Otis (1848-1899,) who died of a carcinoma, husband and wife, resided at this address in 1899. Oakland Cemetery Association records indicate that Charles Denison Andrews (1848-1905,) the uncle of Mary D. Andrews, who was born in the United States to parents also born in the United States and who died of diabetes, resided at this address in 1905. The 1906 Jubilee Manual of the House of Hope Presbyterian Church indicates that Charles E. Otis, a member of the church since 1874, and Maribel R. Otis, a member of the church since 1888, both resided at this address. In 1916, Otto Bremer was a member of the Minnesota Historical Society and resided at this address. The 1918 city directory indicates that Otto Bremer, Mrs. Marie Bremer, and her daughter resided at this address. The 1920 city directory indicates that Mrs. Marie Bremer, the widow of Edward Bremer, boarded at this address and that Otto Bremer, the secretary-treasurer of the Jacob Schmidt Company, resided at this address. The 1924 city directory indicates that Mrs. Marie Bremer and Otto Bremer all resided at this address. The 1930 city directory indicates that Otto Bremer, chairman of the board of the American National Bank, resided at this address. In 1934, Otto Bremer and Miss Frieda Bremer resided at this address and were notable members of St. Paul society. Charles E. Otis was a judge in the Second Judicial District (Ramsey County.) Charles Eugene Otis (1846- ) was born in Prairiesville, Michigan, was an 1869 graduate of the University of Michigan, came to Minnesota in 1871, read the law in his brother's office, George L. Otis, was admitted to the practice of law in 1873, practiced law with two of his brothers, was a St. Paul library board member, was a member of the St. Paul city council, was instumental in transferring the Ramsey County Poor Farm property to the State Agricultural Society (State Fair), was appointed a judge to fill a vacancy for Judge Levi M. Vilas in 1889, and became a special master in chancery for the Eighth Circuit federal court. Charles E. Otis married Elizabeth Noyes Ransom, the niece of Michigan Governor Epaphroditus Ransom (1798-1859,) in 1874 and the couple had two children, James C. Otis, a lawyer, and Maribel R. Otis. George Lamartine/Lorenzo Otis (1829-1882,) the son of Isaac Otis (1798-1853) and Caroline Abigail Curtiss Otis (1808-1883) and the brother of Charles E. Otis, Alfred G. Otis (1827-1912,) a Kansas judge, Ephraim Allen Otis, a Chicago lawyer, and Isaac N. Otis, a Boulder, Colorado, Presbyterian minister, was born in Homer, Courtland County, New York, was admitted to the practice of law in Michigan, moved to St. Paul in 1855, was an Episcopalian, was a Mason, was a Grand Commander of Minnesota in 1870 and 1871, started the predecessor law firm to the current Moore, Costello & Hart, was a Democrat, was a member of the Minnesota House of Representatives representing Ramsey County (District 2) from 1857 until 1959, married Mary Virginia Mix Morrison in 1858, was a member of the Minnesota Senate representing Ramsey County (District 21) in 1866, was the mayor of St. Paul in 1867, was an unsuccessful Democratic candidate for Minnesota Governor in 1869, losing to Horace Austin, was a member of the board of managers of the State Reform School, died of a pulmonary disease in St. Paul, and is buried in Oakland Cemetery. One of George L. Otis' daughters, Caroline "Carrie" Otis, married Lieutenant George D. Wallace of the Seventh U. S. Cavalry, a native of Yorkville, South Carolina. In 1863, George L. Otis built a house at 226 Summit Avenue, which was replaced by the Amherst Wilder residence, which in turn was replaced by the Archdiocese Chancery and Residence. Hermann Kretz designed two apartment buildings along Summit Avenue for Charles Otis. The Uptown Thursday Alateen organization, the Uptown Thursday Night Al-Anon organization, the Uptown Monday Night Al-Anon organization, and the Saturday Beginners AFG organization meet at this address. Charles Eugene Otis ( -1917) died in Ramsey County. James C. Otis ( -1949) died in Ramsey County. Maribel R. Otis (1875-1960) was born in Minnesota and died in Ramsey County. Marie Bremer ( -1928) and Marie Bremer ( -1929) both died in Ramsey County. Otto Bremer ( -1951) and Otto William Bremer ( -1943) both died in Ramsey County. Carl P. Wildung ( -1913) died in Ramsey County. Frieda Bremer (1871-1958) was born outside of Minnesota, had a mother with a maiden name of Malder, and died in Ramsey County. The current owner of record of the property is the Uptown Foundation Inc., a tax exempt organization. [See note on Lieutenant George Wallace for 226 Summit Avenue.]

1335 Summit Avenue: Vernon O'Connor/Walter Butler House; Built in 1920; Georgian Revival in style; Linhoff-Ziegler, architects, and Butler Brothers Co., builders. The house was constructed at a cost of $20,000. The house is a 2 1/2 story, 4404 square foot, 11 room, six bedroom, three bedroom, one half-bathroom, brick structure which has a gabled roof with three segmental arched dormers. It also has a detached garage. The 1924 city directory indicates that Mr. and Mrs. V. W. O'Connor resided at this address. The 1930 city directory indicates that Vernon W. O'Connor, the vice president of the Builder's Trust Company and Walter Butler & Company, and his wife, Effie B. O'Connor, resided at this address. The original owner was Walter Butler, but he never lived in the house. Vernon O'Connor, the first resident, was the treasurer of Mid Continental Transfer & Storage. Walter Butler ( -1923) died in Ramsey County. The previous owners of record of the property were Andrejs Vape and Ingrid Vape and the current owner of record is Andrejs Vape. Andrejs Vape and Ingrid Vape are experienced real estate investors. There was a special assessment by the City of St. Paul against the property for November and December 2003 for a special clean-up to the property, which was disputed in March, 2004, by Andrejs Vape. In Andrejs Vape v. County of Hennepin, Nos. 30550 and 30549, 2004 1843008 (Minn. Tax Court 08/09/04,) the Minnesota Tax Court dismissed an appeal on grounds that the property taxpayer failed to comply with sufficient business and financial information required under Minnesota Statutes, Section 278.05 (6), also known as the “60-day rule,” rejecting the taxpayer’s argument that the financial information was unavailable due to his wife’s illness and subsequent death because the court found the financial information was in the taxpayer’s possession and available.

1325 Summit Avenue: Built in the 1950's (1954 according to Ramsey County property tax records); Contemporary in style. The structure is a 4584 square foot, ten room, three bedroom, two bathroom, one half-bathroom, stucco rambler, with an attached garage, which was last sold in 2003 for $459,900. Minnesota Historical Society records indicate that William C. Edwards resided at this address from 1891 to 1917. The 1891 and 1893 city directories indicate that Mr. and Mrs. W. C. Edwards resided at this address. The 1903 Delta Upsilon Decennial Catalogue indicates that Benjamin Kilbourne Edwards (1880- ,) the son of William C. Edwards and Finetta E. Johnson Edwards, was born in Topeka, Kansas, graduated from the St. Paul Central High School, attended the University of Minnesota, was a merchant, officed at the Manhattan Building, and resided at this address. Oakland Cemetery Association records indicate that Phinetta Elizabeth Edwards (1853-1909,) the wife of William Chalmers Edwards, who was born in the United States to parents who were also born in the United States and who died of arteriosclerosis, resided at this address in 1909. Oakland Cemetery Association records indicate that William Chalmers Edwards (1847-1910,) the widower father of William Rufus Edwards, who was born in the United States to parents also born in the United States and who died of cerebral hemorrhage, resided at this address in 1910. The 1918 city directory indicates that Mr. and Mrs. W. R. Edwards resided at this address. Harold Y. Ayers and Goar T. Young (1899- ), a Private, were World War I veterans who resided at this address in 1919. The records of the 1919-1920 Minnesota World War I Soldier’s Bonus Board (#2876) indicate that Goar Thomas Young (1899- ,) a 1917 enlistee and a Sergeant in the 24th Construction Company, A. S. A., who was born in Deer Creek, Minnesota, had gray eyes, brown hair, and a fair complexion, was 5' 10 1/2" tall, was a cost accountant/clerk at induction, was a clerical worker employed by George H. Young at the Pioneer Building after the completion of service, and was unmarried, resided with his father, George H. Young, at this address. The 1920 city directory indicates that Goar T. Young, a bookkeeper for the St. Paul Book & Stationary Company, boarded at this address. Minnesota Historical Society records indicate that the Veterans of Foreign Wars, Howard Nagel Club, was located at this address in 1924 and that the Cross of Malta Club was located at this address in 1925. William C. Edwards ( -1910) died in Ramsey County. Harold Y. Ayers (1893-1958) was born in Minnesota, had a mother with a maiden name of Young, and died in Ramsey County. The current owner of record of the property is the Authentic Development LLC, which is located 740 Grand Avenue. In 2004, Authentic Development LLC sought from the St. Paul Board of Zoning Appeals a four foot front setback variance in order to build a covered porch addition to the front of the house at this address.

1317-1319 Summit Avenue: Charles Dibble and Julia B. Dibble House; Built in 1895 (according to Sandeen and Larson; 1898 according to Ramsey County property tax records); Colonial Revival/Queen Anne Rectilinear in style; Clarence H. Johnston, Sr., architect, and G. W. Thayer, builder. The house cost $8,000 to build (Sandeen and Larson). The house is a 2 1/2 story, 4445 square foot, 16 room, five bedroom, three bathroom, two half-bathroom, wood frame and clapboard sided (frame according to Ramsey County property tax records) duplex which has an intersecting hipped gable roof, with one eyelid dormer. It also has a detached garage. Oakland Cemetery Association records indicate that Walter Gordon Dibble (1883-1905,) the unmarried son of Charles A. Dibble, who was born in St. Paul to parents born in the United States and who died of pulmonary tuberculosis, resided at this address in 1905. Oakland Cemetery Association records indicate that Charles A. Dibble resided at this address in 1906. The 1910 city directory indicates that Marie L. Obenauer, secretary for the Courant Publishing & Printing Company, boarded at this address. The 1918 and 1924 city directories indicate that Mr. and Mrs. W. R. Wood resided at 1317 Summit Avenue. The 1930 city directory indicates that 1319 Summit Avenue was vacant and that Fred C. Schaefer and his wife, Dagna Schaefer, resided at 1317 Summit Avenue. In 1934, Charles Bechoeffer and Caroline Goldman Bechoeffer resided at 1319 Summit Avenue and were notable members of St. Paul society. Charles Bechhoeffer (1864-1932,) the son of of Abraham Leopold Bechhoefer (1832-1898) and Rebecca Goldschmidt Bechhoefer (1827-1895,) was born in Woodbury, Bedford County, Pennsylvania, was educated in the Altoona, Pennsylvania, public school system, graduated from the University of Michigan Law School, moved to Minnesota in 1887, read the law in the offices of John B. Sanborn and W. H. Sanborn, practiced real estate, probate, and commercial law in St. Paul, was a member of the Jewish Temple of St. Paul, was a member of the Ramsey County Bar Association, and was a United States Commissioner for the District of Minnesota. Charles Bechhoefer married Helen Goldman (1869-1912) in Hollidaysburg, Pennsylvania, in 1892 and the couple had two children, Bernhard G. Bechhoefer (1904-1998) and Jeanette Bechhoefer (1900-1921.) Charles Bechhoefer was an elective member of the executive council of the Minnesota Historical Society in 1915. Charles Bechhoeffer and the law firm of Cant & Brigham unsuccessfully represented an individual fee owner of real estate against a purchaser of the same real estate in a county auditor tax sale with an erroneous sale notice in Frank Robert, Jr. v. Western Land Association, 43 Minn. 3 (1890.) Charles Bechhoefer, with Abraham Slimmer, Jr., was an executor of the will of Abraham Slimmer, Sr., and was a party in litigation over the will in In Re Estate of Abraham Slimmer, Deceased. Adolph Lipman v. Charles Bechhoefer and another, 141 Minn. 131 (1918.) In 1918, Charles Bechhoefer was a member of the 41 member Committee on Local Arrangements of the 11th Annual Meeting of the Mississippi Valley Historical Association. Charles Bechhoeffer was a Ramsey County District Court judge in 1925. Abraham Leopold Bechhoefer was born in Schwabach, Bavaria, Germany, recieved a liberal education, was a school teacher, emigrated to America in 1848, moved to New York City, married Rebecca Goldschmidt/Goldsmith in 1856, began a mercantile business at Woodbury, Bedford County, Pennsylvania, moved to Altoona in 1880, was a member of the Hebrew Reformed congregation, was a member of the Woodbury Lodge of Odd Fellows, was a member of the Roaring Spring Lodge of Free Masons, was a member of the Beacon Light Club, and retired in 1889. Abraham Leopold Bechhoefer and Rebecca Goldsmith Bechhoefer had eight children, Joseph Bechhoefer, Fannie (Mrs. J. B. "Woodbury Joe") Bechhoefer, Charles Bechhoefer, Lena Bechhoefer, Bertha Bechhoefer, Jacob Emanuel Bechhoefer, Lea Bechhoefer, and Pauline Bechhoefer. Bernhard G. Bechhoefer, a former Foreign Service officer, a former U. S. disarmament negotiator, and a Washington, D. C. lawyer, was the author of Atoms for Peace: The New International Atomic Emergy Agency, published in 1957, Postwar Negotiations for Arms Control, published in 1961, and On the Periphery, a privately printed biography of a lawyer published in 1987, and was the co-author, with David Walter Wainhouse, of Arms Control Agreements; Designs for Verification and Organization, published in 1968, and was the co-author, with Bennett Boskey, of Nuclear Proliferation: Prospects for Control, published in 1970. Bernhard G. Bechhoefer (1904-1998) married Estelle Scharfeld (1908-2001,) a 1929 graduate of Wellesley College, and the couple had three children, William Bechhoefer, Charles Bechhoefer, and Arthur Bechhoefer. Estelle Bechhoefer took a photograph of Heinrich Himmler and Adolf Hitler that is now property of the U. S. Holocaust Memorial Museum. In 1999, Estelle Bechhoefer was a financial supporter of the Bill Bradley for President campaign. Jeanette Bechhoefer was born in St. Paul, was taught piano by her mother, enrolled in the Julliard School of Music, gave a concert in Carnegie Hall, a Steinway concert B grand piano manufactured in Hamburg, Germany, and died of pernicious anemia. Jeanette Bechhoefer's Steinway concert B grand piano is now used regularly by the Corcoran Gallery of Art in Washington, D.C. Jacob Emanuel Bechhoefer married Lavinia Dorothy Schleisner ( -1946) and the couple had a child, Miriam Rebecca Bechhoefer (Mrs. David Clemens) Sachs (1908- .) Charles Bechhoefer was the author of a bachelor's honors degree thesis "Political Broadcasting in the United States; Its Implications for the Democratic Process" from Harvard University in 1955. Charles Bechhoefer was chairman of the U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission Atomic Safety and Licensing Board Panel in 1996 and was an administrative judge of the U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission in 2000. Charles Dibble was a tax clerk for the Great Northern RailRoad. Julia Dibble was his wife and her name solely appeared on the building permit. Walter Gordon Dibble was the son of Charles A. Dibble. G. W. Thayer ( -1925) died in Hennepin County. Charles Bechhoefer served for ten years as a judge in the Fourth Judicial District of Minnesota. In 1920, Charles Bechhoefer was a commercial, real estate, and estate lawyer in solo private practice who officed at the Guardian Life Building and represented the Merchants National Bank, A. Guthrie & Company, Guiterman Brothers, and Mannheimer Brothers. Charles Bechhoefer ( -1932) and Caroline Goldman Bechoeffer ( -1940) died in Ramsey County. Walter G. Dibble (1883-1905) was born in Minnesota and died in Ramsey County. The property was last sold in 1992 and the purchase price was $267,000. The previous owner of record of the property is Justin E. O'Brien and the current owner of record of the property is Theresa King. Dr. Justin O'Brien is associated with the Institute of the Himalayan Tradition. Justin O'Brien has a Ph.D., Philosophy, from Nijmegen University, Netherlands, and has an M.A., Religious Studies, from Marquette University, Milwaukee, Wisconsin, is the founder of Justin O'Brien Associates, Consultants in Lifestyle Management, and organizes wellness conferences nationally, has expertise in stress management, leadership, and counseling, is a core faculty member of the Institute of the Himalayan Tradition, and is a professor at the University of Minnesota in the Master of Liberal Studies program of the College of Continuing Education. [See note on Abraham Slimmer for 966 Summit Avenue.] [See note on Johnston for 476 Summit Avenue.]

1307 Summit Avenue: Built in 1994. The structure is a two story, 2595 square foot, eight room, three bedroom, two bathroom, one half-bathroom, stucco house, with a detached garage. The property was last sold in 2004 with a sale price of $1,175,000. The current owner of record of the property is Kim W. Jenkins.

1300 Summit Avenue: Mount Zion Temple; Built in 1951 and altered in 1967; International/ Contemporary in style; Eric Mendelsohn, original architect, and Bentz/Thompson/Rietow, renovation master architect. The two story, 47942 square foot, building, is located on 2.75 acres and was built at a cost of $500,000. Misha Zinkow is the Rabbi. This was the first Hebrew congregation in St. Paul. It was founded in 1856 by middle class German imigrants. It was disbanded in 1860 and was reformulated in 1868. The initial synagogue was built in 1870 at Tenth and Minnesota Streets and the second synagogue was built in 1903 at Avon and Holly. It became a reformed congregation in 1903. In the fall of 1996, the architectural firm of Bentz/Thompson/Rietow was selected to master plan the renovation, remodeling, and revitalization of the facility. Over the years, various remodeling projects and two new addition projects were completed. However, none of these projects resolved handicap accessibility issues or the congregation’s need for an additional social hall space to supplement the main social hall. The facility was also sorely in need in 1996 of a renewal of finishes and new mechanical and electrical systems. The current owner of record of the property is the Mount Zion Hebrew Congregation.

1297 Summit Avenue: Built in 1922; Contemporary Georgian Revival in style. The structure is a two story, 2109 square foot, nine room, three bedroom, three bathroom, frame house, with a detached garage, which was last sold in 2001 for $425,000. The house was moved to the site in 1960. The current owners of record of the property are Byron Kremenak and Nancy Walden. Nancy Walden, a homemaker and self-employed writer, was a contributor to the John Kerry for President campaign and to the Democratic National Committee in 2004. Byron Kremenak and Nancy Walden were financial supporters of Casa de Esperanza in 2003. Byron Kremenak is an anesthesiologist at Fairview Ridges Hospital with the Metropolitan Anesthesia Network. Byron Kremenak made political contributions to the Luther For Congress Volunteer Committee in 1999, 2000, 2001, and 2002, Wellstone For Senate in 2002, the American Society Of Anesthesiologists Incorporated Political Action Committee in 2001, 2002, and 2003, Daly For Congress in 2004, Mark Dayton For Minnesota in 2004, the Democratic Senatorial Campaign Committee in 2004, the Feingold Senate Committee in 2004, McCollum For Congress in 2003, and Kloobuchar For Minnesota in 2006.

1289-1291 Summit Avenue: Built in 1928; Contemporary Georgian Revival in style. The structure is a two story, 2340 square foot, eight room, four bedroom, two bathroom, one half-bathroom, frame house, with a detached garage. The house was moved to the site in 1960. The current owner of record of the property is Mary L. Larson.

1285 Summit Avenue: Edwin Rydeen House; Built in 1924 (1925 according to Ramsey County property tax records); Georgian Revival in style; Edwin Rydeen, architect. The structure is a two story, 2866 square foot, 11 room, five bedroom, two bathroom, one half-bathroom, brick house, with an attached masonry garage and a detached garage. Construction of the house cost $12,000. The 1930 city directory indicates that Edwin Rydeen, a contractor and secretary-treasurer of Rydeen-Den Boer, Inc., a general contractor, and his wife, Josephine M. Rydeen, Lloyd B. Rydeen, a bookkeeper with Siems-Helmers Inc., and Lorraine J. Rydeen, a teacher, all resided at this address. Edwin Rydeen ( -1950) died in Ramsey County. The current owners of record of the property are Gary R. Tonn and Sharon A. Tonn. Gary Tonn is the purchasing manager for AmSan, a janitorial sanitary maintenance supply distributor located in St. Paul. The 1930 city directory indicates that Charles W. Moore, a contractor, resided at the former nearby 1255 Summit Avenue. Gary Tonn and Sharon Tonn were financial supporters of the Minnesota Oncology Hematology Foundation in 2004.

1220 Summit Avenue: John McCardy House; Built in 1909; Simplified Rectilinear in style; A. L. Garlough, architect. The structure is a two story, 2333 square foot, 12 room, seven bedroom, three bathroom, aluminum/vinyl-sided house, with a detached garage. The house cost $3,000 to build. John McCardy was St. Paul City Comptroller and the Commander of the Minnesota Department of the Grand Army of the Republic. The 1910 city directory indicates that Mary E. Conway, the widow of James C. Conway, resided at this address and that James E. Conway, a bookkeeper, William J. Conway, a court crier, and Laura B. Conway, a clerk with the Northwestern Telephone Exchange, both boarded at this address. The 1918 city directory indicates that Mr. and Mrs. John McCarthy and Mr. and Mrs. F. D. McCarthy all resided at this address. Frederic D. McCarthy (1890- ), a Captain, was a World War I veteran who resided at this address in 1919. The 1920 city directory indicates that John McCarthy, a clerk at the Railway Mail Service, resided at this address. The 1930 city directory indicates that Edward Y. Arnold, the manager of the Twin City Building Material Exchange, and his wife, Bess Arnold, resided at this address. J. J. McCardy represented the Fourth Ward on and was the secretary of the 1879 St. Paul Board of Education. John McCarthy ( -1946) and John McCarthy ( -1950) both died in Ramsey County. James E. Conway ( -1972) was born outside of Minnesota, had a mother with a maiden name of Thompson, and died in Ramsey County. William J. Conway ( -1923) died in Ramsey County. Frederic D. McCarthy ( -1945) died in Ramsey County. Laura B. Conway ( -1940) died in Ramsey County. The current owner of record of the property is Arthur Franklin Bergstrom. Arthur Bergstrom was a financial supporter of the Minnesota Historical Society in 2006.

1218 Summit Avenue: Built in the 1950's (1957 according to Ramsey County property tax records;) Bungalow in style. The structure is a split-level, 1723 square foot, seven room, four bedroom, two bathroom, frame house, with a detached garage. The current owner of record of the property is Margaret J. Hermes.

1213 Summit Avenue: Margaret Rann House; Built in 1922; Early Modern Rectilinear in style; Jens Pedersen, architect. The structure is a two story, 2876 square foot, 14 room, six bedroom, three bathroom, stucco house, with a detached garage, which was last sold in 1998 for $210,000. The house was built for $12,000. The 1924 city directory indicates that Mr. and Mrs. N. L. Coddon and Mr. and Mrs. P. E. Lilleborg all resided at this address. The 1930 city directory indicates that Eugene J. Gates, his wife, Frances W. Gates, James Erickson, a mechanic employed by Harold J. Slawik Inc., his wife, Elizabeth Erickson, Conrad Olson, and Arthur Redpath all resided at this address. The 1964 St. Paul Academy Alumni Directory indicates that Donald H. Bruce, a member of the Class of 1961, resided at this address. The current owners of record of the property are Karen D. Gray and Nora D. Hall. Nora Hall, Ph.D., is the managing partner and Karen Gray is the senior partner of GrayHall LLP. Nora D. Hall has 22 years of experience in research, management, education, program evaluation, organization and leadership development and was the founder of a leadership program that was housed at the University of Minnesota for 11 years. In 1997, Nora Hall was a Research Fellow at the Humphrey Institute for Public Affairs. Karen Gray has 20 years experience in consulting, planning, evaluation and research for new business development in entrepreneurial and established firms and has been employed as a rehabilitation/employment counselor, evaluator, and business owner.

1212 Summit Avenue: Warren Arend House; Built in 1956; Contemporary in style; Warren Arend, architect. The structure is a 1536 square foot, seven room, four bedroom, two bathroom, split-level frame house, with a detached garage, which was last sold in 1999 for $239,000. The house was constructed at a cost of $15,000. The previous owners of record of the property are Helen J. Harris and Max D. Harris and the current owner of record is Helen J. Harris, who resides in Carrollton, Texas.

1211 Summit Avenue: Frances W. Gates House; Built in 1922 (1923 according to Ramsey County property tax records;) Early Modern Rectilinear in style; F. W. Gates, architect. The structure is a two story, 2930 square foot, 12 room, six bedroom, two bathroom, stucco house, with a detached garage. Construction of the house cost $10,000. The 1930 city directory indicates that Frank L. Osburg resided at this address. Frances W. Gates (1890-1977) was born in Minnesota, had a mother with a maiden name of Strehlein, and died in Ramsey County. The current owner of record of the property is the EMK Holding Company, LLC, located at 500 Grand Avenue.

1209 Summit Avenue: Homer H. Hoyt House; Built in 1911 (1910 according to Ramsey County property tax records;) Bungalow in style; Homer H. Hoyt, architect. The structure is a two story, 1924 square foot, seven room, four bedroom, two bathroom, stucco house, with a detached garage. The house cost $3,500 to build. Oakland Cemetery Association records indicate that Paul Hartmann resided at this address in 1904. The 1918 city directory indicates that Mr. and Mrs. W. A. Bronn resided at this address. The 1924 city directory indicates that Mr. and Mrs. J. M. Silverstein resided at this address. The 1930 city directory indicates that Walter C. Jones, vice president of the Twin City Motor Bus Company, and his wife, Buelah H. Jones, resided at this address. Homer Hoyt was one of the early well respected real estate theorists, was a real estate theorist, an urban economist at the University of Chicago, and a sociologist who had strong interests in geography in 1939, and published One Hundred Years of Land Values in Chicago: The Relationship of the Growth of Chicago to the Rise of Its Land Values, 1830-1933 published in Chicago by the University of Chicago Press in 1933 and Structure and Growth of Residential Neighborhoods in American Cities published in Washington, D.C., by the Federal Housing Administration in 1939. Hoyt donated funds to establish the Homer Hoyt Center at Florida State University, which is now known as the Homer Hoyt Program in Land Economics and Finance. Homer H. Hoyt ( -1944) died in Ramsey County. The current owner of record of the property is Mae L. Hanegraaf.

1206 Summit Avenue: Orrin E. Keller House; Built in 1926 (1927 according to Ramsey County property tax records); Mission/Classical Revival/Early Modified Georgian Revival in style; B. J. Raak, architect and builder. The house was built for $8,000. The house is a two story, 2336 square foot, ten room, four bedroom, two bathroom, one half-bathroom, stucco structure which has a hipped roof. It also has a detached garage. The 1930 city directory indicates that Orrin E. Keller, a salesman employed by Keis-Gaffney & Company, his wife, Natalie Keller, and Matthew Keller all resided at this address. Orrin Keller was a cattle buyer. Orrin E. Keller (1895-1983) was born outside of Minnesota, had a mother with a maiden name of La Rue, and died in Dakota County, Minnesota. Bruno J. Raak (1888-1961) was born outside of Minnesota and died in Ramsey County. The current owners of record of the property are David G. Aamodt and Yasmine Aamodt. David G. Aamodt is a 1969 graduate of St. Thomas Academy and a financial supporter of the high school in 2005.

1205 Summit Avenue: William F. Keefe House; Built in 1922, with 1952 addition to the rear of the house; Prairie Style/Early Modern Rectilinear in style; W. F. Keefe, architect and builder. The structure is a two story, 3238 square foot, 14 room, seven bedroom, three bathroom, stucco house, which was last sold in 1993 for $225,500. Construction of the house cost $15,000. The house was originally a duplex. The house is a two story stucco structure which has an intersecting low pitched hipped roof. It also has unusual square paned windows. The house is similar to the duplex at 863-865 West Linwood Avenue in St. Paul. The 1924 city directory indicates that Mr. and Mrs. W. F. Keefe resided at this address. The 1930 city directory indicates that Harrison C. Browne and Henry P. Blanks, a major and an instructor in the Minnesota National Guard, and his wife, Margaret Blanks, all resided at this address. The current owner of record of the property is Francisco V. Deocampo. John S. Christensen, who resided at this address, was a contributor to the John Kerry for President campaign in 2004.

1201 Summit Avenue: Built in 1990. The structure is a 1980 square foot, eight room, three bedroom, two bathroom, split-level frame house, with an attached garage. The current owner of record of the property is Mary H. Gavin.

1200 Summit Avenue: Morris Rossman and Mary Rossman House; Built in 1921; Prairie Style/Mission Revival/Early Modern Rectilinear in style; L. Fridman, architect. The house cost $10,000 to build. The house is a two story, 3226 square foot, 13 room, five bedroom, three bathroom, stucco structure which has an intersecting hip roof and a detached garage. The structure's Spanish red tile roof contrasts with the Mission style of house. The 1924 city directory indicates that Mr. and Mrs. Max Morgan, Mr. and Mrs. Morris Rossman, their daughter, and Miss Mary Rossman all resided at this address. The 1930 city directory indicates that Morris Rossman, his wife, Rose Rossman, Maxwell E. Morgan, the manager of Rossman-Clemons Inc., and his wife, Nettie Morgan, all resided at this address. Morris Rossman owned Rossman, Inc., a retail clothing business. Mary Rossman was a cashier for Rossman, Inc., Nathaniel Rossman was a salesman for Rossman, Inc., and Ida B. Rossman was a cashier for Rossman, Inc. Morris Rossman ( -1945) died in Ramsey County. Nat T. Rossman (1904-1982) died in Ramsey County. The current owners of record of the property are Geraldine F. McManus and John E. McManus.

1195 Summit Avenue: Built in the 1950's (1957 according to Ramsey County property tax records;) Contemporary in style. The structure is a one story, 1637 square foot, seven room, two bedroom, two bathroom, one half-bathroom, brick rambler, with a detached garage, which was last sold in 1995 for $169,000. The current owners of record of the property are Carol L. Halloran and T. Jerome Halloran. Jerome Halloran is an attorney.

1190 Summit Avenue: Conrad O. Searle House; Built 1909 (1915 according to Ramsey County property tax records;) Conrad O. Searle, architect. The structure is a two story, 3752 square foot, 11 room, five bedroom, two bathroom, one half-bathroom, stucco/masonry and frame house, with a detached garage. The house was built for $6,000. Oakland Cemetery Association records indicate that Conrad O. Searle resided at this address in 1904. The 1918 city directory indicates that Mr. and Mrs. Warren B. Strong resided at this address. The 1924 city directory indicates that Mr. and Mrs. Moses Lieberman resided at this address. The 1930 city directory indicates that Moses I. Lieberman, the manager of the Cut Rate Grocery, located at 676 South Smith Avenue, his wife, Hildegarde Lieberman, and Florence Lieberman, a clerk employed by Kronicks, all resided at this address. Conrad O. Searle ( -1947) died in Ramsey County. The current owners of record of the property are Janet L. Hohn and William C. Hohn. Janet and William Hohn were financial supporters, in memory of Ann Schneider, of the Ridgeview Medical Center Foundation in 2003.

1189 Summit Avenue: Built in 1885 (1890 according to Ramsey County property tax records;) Victorian/Vernacular stick in style, altered significantly. The house is a two story, 2531 square foot, eight room, four bedroom, two bathroom, wood frame and shingle structure with an intersecting gable roof. It is the oldest house on this block of Summit Avenue. The 1918 city directory indicates that Mrs. Frank Keogh, her daughter, D. S. Keogh, and F. C. Keogh all resided at this address. World War I veteran Douglas S. Keogh resided at this address in 1919. The records of the 1919-1920 Minnesota World War I Soldier’s Bonus Board (#14061) indicate that Douglas Stephen Keogh (1888- ,) a 1918 draftee and a Private in Company 3 of E. O. T. S., who was born in St. Paul, had blue eyes, brown hair, and a dark complexion, was 5' 7" tall, was a concrete construction worker at induction, was a sales representative employed by the Universal Portland Cement Company after the completion of service, and was unmarried, resided with his mother, Mary M. Keogh, at this address. The 1924 city directory indicates that Mrs. Margaret Keogh and T. G. Keogh resided at this address. The 1930 city directory indicates that Mrs. Margaret M. Keogh, the widow of Frank Keogh, resided at this address. The last sale of this property was in 2004 and the sale price was $550,000. The current owners of record of the property are Glenn Karwoski and Madelaine S. Karwoski. Glenn Karwoski (1955- ) is the founder of, senior vice president at, and managing director at Minneapolis-based Karwoski & Courage, a communications company, and is the author of CPR (Creating Positive Reputation) for Business. In 2004, Glenn Karwoski put this residence up for rent by a Macalester College faculty member or administrator for between six and ten months. Madelaine Karwoski was the secretary of the Ordway Circle of Stars, a fund raising organization supporting St. Paul's Ordway Theatre, in 2005.

1186 Summit Avenue: ; Built in 1916; Dutch Colonial in style; McAnulty Co., architect and builder. The structure is a two story, 2999 square foot, 11 room, four bedroom, three bathroom, one half-bathroom, aluminum/vinyl-sided house, with a detached garage, which was last sold in 2002 for $481,000. The house cost $3,800 to build. The 1918 and 1924 city directories indicate that Mr. and Mrs. G. F. Van Slyck resided at this address. The 1930 city directory indicates that George F. Van Slyck, vice president of Finch Van Slyck & McConnville, and his wife, Emmalynn Van Slyck, resided at this address. Robert H. McAnulty ( -1959) was born in Minnesota, had a mother with a maiden name of Berg, and died in Hennepin County. The current owners of record of the property are Julianna M. Hersman and Steven J. Hersman.

1180 Summit Avenue: George F. van Slyke and Emmalynn van Slyke House; Built 1909 (1911 according to Ramsey County property tax records;) Tudor Revival/Tudor Villa in style; Peter J. Linhoff, architect, and Finstad & Anderson, builder. Building the house cost $5,500. The house is a two story, 4433 square foot, ten room, four bedroom, two bathroom, one half-bathroom, wood frame and stucco structure which has an intersecting gable steeply pitched roof with two gable dormers and one shed dormer. The house also has a detached garage. Minnesota Historical Society records indicate that George F. Van Slyck resided at this address from 1910 to 1914. The 1918 city directory indicates that Mr. and Mrs. John H. Allen resided at this address. The records of the 1919-1920 Minnesota World War I Soldier’s Bonus Board (#19066) indicate that John H. Allen (- ,) a 1918 draftee and a Sergeant in the Quartermaster Corps, who was born in 1887, had blue eyes, dark brown hair, and a ruddy complexion, was 5' 6 3/4" tall, was a manufacturing worker at induction, was issued one bronze Victory button, was a self-employed candy maker with the Allen-Qualley Company after the completion of service, and was married, resided with his wife, Muriel Wright Allen, at this address. The 1920 city directory indicates that Jno. H. Allen, president of the Allen Quality Company, resided at this address. The 1924 city directory indicates that Mr. and Mrs. J. H. Allen resided at this address. The 1930 city directory indicates that this address was vacant. George van Slyke (1874- ) was born in Montclair, New Jersey, was the son of William H. van Slyke and Lucy A. Ricker van Slyke, graduated from Yale University in 1894 and the Columbia University Law School in 1896, came to St. Paul in 1906, first married Edith A. Glenny van Slyke in 1895, subsequently married Emmalyn Young van Slyke in 1909, and helped found Finch, Van Slyke, & McConville, which was the largest dry goods wholesaler in the Midwest in the early Twentieth Century. George van Slyke and Edith Glenny van Slyke had one son, De Forest van Slyke. In 1919, John H. Allen was the president and Arthur L. Qualley was the vice-president of the Allen-Qualley Company, a chocolate company. The current owners of record of the property are David R. Hols and Marjorie Hols. Marjorie C. Hols, a retiree, was a contributor to the John Kerry for President campaign in 2004. David R. Hols is an attorney. Mr. and Mrs. David R. Hols were financial supporters of Second Harvest Heartland in 2003. [See note on Linhoff for 361 Summit Avenue.]

1179 Summit Avenue: John McDevett House; Built in 1915 (1916 according to Ramsey County property tax records;) Simplified Rectilinear in style; F. Sjostrand, architect. The structure is a two story, 3712 square foot, 14 room, eight bedroom, four bathroom, one half-bathroom, masonry and frame house, with two detached garages. The house was constructed at a cost of $7,500. The 1918 city directory indicates that Mr. and Mrs. Jno McDevitt resided at this address. The 1924 city directory indicates that Mr. and Mrs. F. A. Ubel resided at this address. The 1930 city directory indicates that Frank A. Ubel, president of Frank A. Ubel Inc, opticians and jewelers, and his wife, Mary Ubel, resided at this address. John McDevitt ( -1937) died in Ramsey County. The current owners of record of the property are John R. Gaertner and Patricia Gaertner. Dr. John Gaertner graduated from the University of Minnesota Medical School, practices family medicine, and has been a doctor for 46 years. Dr. and Mrs. John R. Gaertner were financial supporters St. Thomas Academy in 2005, of the Convent of the Visitation School in 2005-2006, of Cretin-Derham Hall in 2005-2006, and of St. Mary's University of Minnesota in 2005-2006.

1171 Summit Avenue: Otto N. Raths House; Built in 1925; Early Modern Rectilinear in style; F. J. Eder, architect. The structure is a two story, 2264 square foot, ten room, three bedroom, two bathroom, one half-bathroom, stucco house, with a detached garage, which was last sold in 1992 for $235,500. The house was built for $7,500. The 1930 city directory indicates that Otto N. Raths, the consul for the Grand Duchy of Luxembourg, and his wife, Ellen Raths, resided at this address. Otto N. Raths ( -1947) died in Hennepin County. Frank J. Eder (1902-1991) was born outside of Minnesota, had a mother with a maiden name of Weishaupl, and died in Ramsey County. Frank Joseph Eder (1890-1977) was born outside of Minnesota, had a mother with a maiden name of Nikowitz, and died in Ramsey County. Otto N. Raths ( -1947) was a sergeant in Company B, First Battalion, of the 13th Minnesota Volunteer Infantry which served in the Spanish American War. Raths died in St. Paul according to the program and regimental roster for the 51st Anniversary reunion of the 13th Minnesota Regimental Association held in 1949 at the Automobile Country Club House in Bloomington, Minnesota. On May 16, 1898, the 13th Minnesota Volunteer Infantry departed Camp Ramsey, St. Paul, Minnesota and set out for San Francisco, California. On June 26, 1898, the regiment steamed for Manila. The troops stopped at Pearl Harbor on July 5 and remained there until July 8, 1898, when their trip to the Philippines resumed. On July 31, 1898, the regiment reached Manila Harbor. They remained on board the ship until August 7, 1898, when a landing was made at Paranque. The regiment set their tents in a peanut field at Camp Dewey, near Manila. On August 19, 1899, the 13th left Manila on board the Sheridan, arriving at San Francisco on September 8, 1899. The regiment was mustered out of U. S. service on October 3, 1899, and, on October 5, 1899, the men left for Minnesota. The current owners of record of the property are Andrew D. Dubner and Susan C. Noe. Andrew D. Dubner is an employee of 3M, a senior specialist with 3M Security Systems Division. With Alan L. Hudd, of Hertfordshire, Great Britain, Philip G. Bentley, of Cambridge, Great Britain, Thomas J. Junck, of Neuss, Germany, Mario Otte, of Dusseldorf, Germany, Andrew D. Dubner were granted U.S. patent 10/960,725 for a method and apparatus for monitoring usage of liquids of high value. Susan C. Noe is a 1987 graduate in chemical engineering of the Massachussets Institute of Technology.

1165 Summit Avenue: Fred M. Fogg House; Built in 1927; Colonial Revival/Georgian Revival in style; Lundstrom & Anderson, architects and builders. The house cost $18,000 to build. The house is a three story (two story according to Ramsey County property tax records), 3587 square foot, 12 room, five bedroom, four bathroom, one half-bathroom, brick structure which has a steeply pitched intersecting gable roof. It also has stained glass windows and a detached garage. Minnesota Historical Society records indicate that Frederic M. Fogg resided at this address from 1928 to 1936. The 1930 city directory indicates that Frederick M. Fogg, a realtor, and his wife, Hazel L. Fogg, resided at this address. The 1964 St. Paul Academy Alumni Directory indicates that James W. McManus, a member of the Class of 1962, resided at this address. Fred Fogg was a salesman and realtor. Frederic A. Fogg ( -1930) died in Ramsey County. The Fogg burial plot at Oakland Cemetery includes the graves of Patricia L. Fogg (1933-1945,) Frederic A. Fogg (1850-1930,) his wife, Louise Miller Fogg (1853-1918,) Frederic M. Fogg (1883-1935,) and his wife, Hazel L. Fogg (1889-1967.) The current owners of record of the property are Brian P. Short and Kathleen D. Short, who reside in Minneapolis. Brian P. Short, a graduate of the University of Notre Dame and the Notre Dame University Law School, is the Chief Executive Officer of the Leamington Company, a holding company with interests in transportation, community banking, agricultural production and real estate that operates Admiral Merchants Motor Freight, Inc., St. Paul Flight Center, Inc., First Farmers & Merchants Banks, Municipal Parking, Inc. and Benson Parking Services, Inc., and is a director of C. H. Robinson Worldwide.

1164 Summit Avenue: Albert P. Wallich House; Built in 1914; Craftsman/Prairie Style/Colonial Revival/Medieval Rectilinear in style; Alden & Harris, architect, and A. G. Erickson, builder. The house was constructed at a cost of $17,000. The house is a two story, 3991 square foot, 12 room, six bedroom, two bathroom, two half-bathroom, brick structure which has a hipped roof and a symmetrical facade. The house also has many stained glass windows and a detached garage. Minnesota Historical Society records indicate that Albert P. Wallich resided at this address from 1914 to 1921. Oakland Cemetery Association records indicate that Mary Ella Wallich (1858-1916,) the wife of Albert P. Wallich, who was born in Illinois to parents who were born in the United States and who died of organic heart disease, resided at this address in 1916. Oakland Cemetery Association records indicate that Albert P. Wallich resided at this address in 1917. The 1918 city directory indicates that Mr. and Mrs. A. P. Wallich resided at this address. The 1920 city directory indicates that Lena Colt, the widow of Robert Colt, roomed at this address. W. C. Carroll resided at this address in 1924. The 1924 city directory indicates that Dr. and Mrs. W. C. Carroll and Miss N. M. Carroll all resided at this address. The 1930 city directory indicates that William C. Carroll, a surgeon associated with the St. Paul Clinic, and his wife, Lauretta Carroll, resided at this address. Albert P. Wallich ( -1925) died in Ramsey County. The current owner of record of the property is Alford S. Karayusuf. Alford S. Karayusuf M.D. is a phsychiatrist with the Associated Clinic of Psychology in the Twin Cities. Alford Karayusuf, a self-employed physician, was a contributor to the Howard Dean for President campaign in 2004.

1157 Summit Avenue: Dr. D. C. Walde House; Built in 1924; Tudor Villa in style; Peter J. Linhoff, architect. The structure is a two story, 2891 square foot, 12 room, six bedroom, two bathroom, one half-bathroom, masonry and frame house, with a detached garage. The house was built for $14,220. Minnesota Historical Society records indicate that Dr. Karl C. Wold built the house in 1924, that Dr. Wold resided at this address from 1925 to 1926, and that the house was badly damaged by an explosion in 1926. The 1930 city directory indicates that Alf E. Hakanson, associated with Perry A. Swenson & Hakanson, and his wife, Viola Hakanson, resided at this address. The current owners of record of the property are Joseph M. Finley and Mary M. Finley. In 2003, Joseph Finley was a contributor to the Randy Kelly for Mayor campaign and resided at this address. Joseph M. Finley is the president of Leonard, Street & Deinard, is a member of the American College of Real Estate Lawyers, and is an adjunct professor at William Mitchell College of Law. [See note on Linhoff for 361 Summit Avenue.]

1156 Summit Avenue: George R. Holmes House; Built in 1907 (1906 according to Ramsey County property tax records); Baroque Revival/Classical Rectilinear in style; Charles A. Bassford, architect, and Henry Kohlman, builder. The house cost $12,000 to build. The house is a two story, 4055 square foot, 11 room, six bedroom, three, one half-bathroom, brick structure which has an intersecting gable hipped roof. It also has leaded glass windows with stone sills and lintels and a detached garage. Minnesota Historical Society records indicate that George R. Holmes resided at this address from 1908 to 1922. The 1918 city directory indicates that Mr. and Mrs. G. R. Holmes and their daughter resided at this address. George Holmes was a jeweler. World War I veteran George L. Fogel resided at this address in 1919. The 1920 city directory indicates that Harry H. Fogle, a jeweler employed by George R. Holmes & Son, Inc., boarded at this address. The 1924 city directory indicates that Mr. and Mrs. G. W. La Brand and Mrs. M. H. Fogle all resided at this address. The 1930 city directory indicates that Jacob Lampert, a lumberman, and his wife, Marie Lampert, resided at this address. George R. Holmes ( -1922) died in Ramsey County. Henry Kohlman ( -1952) died in Ramsey County. The current owner of record of the property is Deborah R. Olson. Deborah Olson, the president of Nelson Laboratories, was a contributor to the Democratic National Committee in 2004. Deborah Olson is the president of the American Veterinary Distributors Association. Deborah Olson, the CEO of Nelson Laboratories, contributed to the Hillary Clinton for President campaign in 2007-2008.

1153 Summit Avenue: D. J. Hertz House; Built in 1925; Twenties Villa in style; Gus Lindgren, architect. The structure is a two story, 1887 square foot, eight room, four bedroom, two bathroom, masonry and frame house, with a detached garage. Building the house cost $10,000. The 1930 city directory indicates that David I. Hertz, associated with Capitol Suspender Company, and his wife, Della Hertz, resided at this address. David I. Hertz ( -1945) died in Ramsey County. The current owners of record of the property are Lisa Ann Prouty Gehrig and Mark N. Gehrig. Since 1977, Mark Gehrig is an Accredited Senior Appraiser with Jabs, Gehrig & Co., specializing in business valuation and in the appraisal and valuation of fractional ownership interests, both majority and minority, of closely held corporations and partnerships and performing financial analysis and valuation of warrants, options, preferred stock and fixed income securities of privately owned firms, in addition to the appraisal of intellectual property and intangible assets.

1149 Summit Avenue: O. G. Hasper House; Built in 1904 (1905 according to Ramsey County property tax records;) Simplified Rectilinear in style; Buechner & Orth, architect. The structure is a two story, 3326 square foot, 13 room, eight bedroom, two bathroom, one half-bathroom, frame house, with a detached garage. The house was constructed for $6,000. Oakland Cemetery Association records indicate that Nancy A. Gilbert (1831-1909,) the widowed of Mrs. Fred G. Prest, who was born in New York to parents born in the United States and who died of arteriosclerosis, resided at this address in 1909. The 1918 city directory indicates that V. R. O'Brien resided at this address. Vincent R. O'Brien was a World War I veteran who resided at this address in 1919. The records of the 1919-1920 Minnesota World War I Soldier’s Bonus Board (#14174) indicate that Vincent R. O'Brien (1888- ,) a 1918 draftee and a Private in the F. A. R. T., who was born in St. Paul, had gray eyes, light hair, and a fair complexion, was 5' 9" tall, was a supply clerk at induction, was a plumbing and heating supply clerk employed by the Cochran-Sargent Company after the completion of service, and was married, resided with his wife, Margaret L. O'Brien, at this address. Oakland Cemetery Association records indicate that Arthur Jay Gillette (1864-1921,) the husband of Kathrine Gillette, who was born in Minnesota to parents born in the United States and who died of apoplexy, resided at this address in 1921. The 1924 city directory indicates that Mr. and Mrs. C. E. Elmquist resided at this address. The 1930 city directory indicates that Charles E. Elmquist, a lawyer and a partner in the law firm of Clapp, Richardson, Elmquist, Briggs & McCartney, and his wife, Charlotte G. Elmquist, resided at this address. In 1934, Charles E. Elmquist and Charlotte Gemmel Elmquist resided at this address and were members of the Minikahda Contry Club. Margaret Gillette, the daughter of Arthur Gillette and Ellen Moore Gillette (1865-1905,) was the wife of Vincent O'Brien. Arthur Gillette subsequently married Katherine Kennedy, a nurse at the Gillette Crippled Childrens Hospital, in 1907 and the couple had a summer residence in Dellwood, Minnesota, on White Bear Lake. Arthur Jay Gillette grew up on a farm in South St. Paul, Minnesota, the son of Albert Gillette and Ellen Gillette, initially attended Hamline University, then attended the Minnesota Hospital College and the St. Paul Medical College, graduated, moved to New York, and studied orthopaedic surgery under Dr. Lewis Albert Sayer and Dr. Newton Shaffer, returned to Minnesota in 1888, was Minnesota's first full-time orthopaedist and was an instructor at the University of Minnesota Medical School in 1890. Gillette was the president of the Minnesota Medical Association in 1918. Charles Emil Elmquist (1873-1948) was a graduate of the University of Minnesota, was the chairman of the Federal Electric Railways Commission in 1920, was a delegate to Republican National Convention from Minnesota from Ramsey County in 1932, and died in Ramsey County. Charlotte Gemmel Elmquist ( -1944) died in Ramsey County. During and immediately after World War I, inflation robbed the nickel of most of its value, even as wages doubled. Companies begged legislatures for permission to raise their fares, usually in vain. By 1919, street railways in New York, Providence, Buffalo, New Orleans, Denver, St. Louis, Birmingham, Montgomery, Pittsburgh, and several smaller cities were in receivership. In May, 1919, the Secretary of Commerce and the Secretary of Labor joined in a letter to President Wilson, advising him that 50 or more urban street railway systems representing a considerable percentage of the electric railway mileage was in the hands of receivers, affecting some of the largest cities of the country, and that other systems were on the verge of insolvency and the industry as a whole was virtually bankrupt. They urged the appointment of a commission to study and report upon the problem. President Wilson, on June 1, 1919, named a commission which held extensive public hearings. The Federal Electric Railways Commission reported that while electric railways were still necessary and viable private enterprises, it would take a profound restructuring of regulation, labor relations, and capitalization to return them to profitability. In 1935, Congress passed the Public Utility Holding Company Act, which the Securities and Exchange Commission interpreted as requiring electric power companies to divest themselves of their transit operations. In many cases electric railways were surviving only because they were part of the power business, which had grown out of the railway decades earlier and had come to surpass it. The divestment order was a death sentence to electric railways across the country. Between 1909 and 1940, 489 transit companies operating 30,302 miles of electric railways went bankrupt. To put those numbers in perspective, by 1937 there were only 478 transit companies left in the U.S., operating 23,770 miles of track. Average fares were still only 6.9 cents in 1945. However, post-World War II inflation finally caused transit fares to start rising rapidly. By 1954, the average fare was almost 20 cents and the industry was still barely able to cover operating expenses from the fareboxes. In 1968, the first year the industry reported a net operating loss, average fares had risen to almost 23 cents. In 1988, average fares were 62 cents, but the revenue generated by passengers only covered 36% of operating expenses. The remainder of the funds needed to operate came mainly from federal, state, and local government sources. The current owners of record of the property are Roderick A. Barke and Linda F. Carson. Roderick A. Barke, M.D., is a doctor at the Minneapolis Veterans Affairs Medical Center and is a faculty member of the Department of Surgery of the University of Minnesota Medical School. Linda F. Carson, M.D., is a Gynecological Oncology doctor and is a faculty member of the Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Women's Health of the University of Minnesota Medical School

1142 Summit Avenue: Charles A. Roach House; Built in 1912; Colonial/Georgian Revival in style; Peter J. Linhoff, architect. The house was built for $8,500. The house is a three story (two story according to Ramsey County property tax records), 5032 square foot, 15 room, nine bedroom, five bathroom, brick house which has a medium pitched roof. The house has a symmetrical design and has a detached garage. Minnesota Historical Society records indicate that Charles A. Roach resided at this address in 1913 and that Ada L. Mayall resided at this address from 1914 to 1933. The 1918 city directory indicates that Miss A. L. Mayall and Miss Ada Mayall both resided at this address. The 1924 city directory indicates that Miss Ida Mayall resided at this address. The 1930 city directory indicates that Ada Mayall resided at this address. Charles Roach was an adjuster for the Remington Typewriter Company. Miss Ada Mayall resided at this address in 1916. Virginia Burris Roach was the wife of Charles A. Roach. Ada L. Mayall ( -1934) died in Ramsey County. Peter J. Linhoff designed 17 houses along Summit Avenue. The current owners of record of the property are David Klevan and Susan Klevan. David H. Klevan, MD, FACP, is Chief of Professional Services for HealthPartners Como Clinic, Internal Medicine. Susan Klevan, unemployed, contributed to the Hillary Clinton for President campaign in 2007-2008. [See note on Linhoff for 361 Summit Avenue.]

1141 Summit Avenue: William Ivins House; Built in 1919 (Sandeen and Larson; 1920 according to Ramsey County property tax records) and altered in 1934 and 1937; Tudor Revival/Tudor Villa in style; Clarence H. Johnston, Sr., architect, and O. H. Rundquist, builder. The house cost $12,000 to build (Sandeen; $21,000 according to Larson). The house is a two story, 4382 square foot, 11 room, six bedroom, four bathroom, two half-bathroom, stucco structure which has an intersecting gable and a slate hip roof. It also has a detached garage and a second one story, bungalow style, 622 square foot, four room, two bedroom, one bathroom, brick residence on the same lot. The 1924 city directory indicates that Mr. and Mrs. W. N. S. Ivins resided at this address. The 1930 city directory indicates that Chester A. Dosdell, the secretary of the St. Paul Fire & Marine Insurance Company, and his wife, Marie C. Dosdell, resided at this address. William Ivins worked for the Great Northern RailRoad. In 1934, Chester A. Dosdall, Marie Culligan Dosdall, Thomas Dosdall, and Chester A. Dosdall, Jr., resided at this address. The 1950 St. Paul Academy Alumni Directory indicates that Chester A. Dosdall, Jr. (1927- ,) who attended the school from 1938 until 1945, who attended the University of Rochester, who married Marijane Cavelli in 1950, who served as a Corporal in the U. S. Army after World War II, and was employed by the St. Paul Mercury Indemnity Company, and that Thomas Dosdall (1930- ,) who attended the school from 1941 until 1948 and who attended Princeton University, both resided at this address. The Dosdall family were members of the Minikahda Country Club, the St. Paul Athletic Club, and the Women's Club of St. Paul in 1934. Chester A. Dosdall ( -1949) and Marie C. Dosdall (1891-1980) both died in Ramsey County. The current owners of record of the property are Deborah S. Rupp and William M. Rupp. William M. Rupp, M.D., is a surgeon and is the Medical Director of the Bariatric Center of United Hospital and is affiliated with St. Paul Surgeon's Ltd. [See note on Johnston for 476 Summit Avenue.]

<;p> 1135 Summit Avenue: Thomas D. McLaughlin House; Built in 1905 (1909 according to Ramsey County property tax records); Colonial Revival/Prairie Style/Eclectic Rectilinear in style; Louis Lockwood, architect, and H. D. Frankson, builder. The house was constructed for $17,000. The house is a two story, 4448 square foot, 12 room, five bedroom, three bathroom, two half-bathroom, brick structure which has intersecting gable hipped roof. The house also has an attached masonry garage and a 760 square foot, one story, two room, one bedroom, one bathroom, wood frame carriage house located towards the back of the lot. Minnesota Historical Society records indicate that Thomas D. McLaughlin resided at this address from 1906 to 1910. The 1918 city directory indicates that Mrs. James McClure resided at this address. The 1924 city directory indicates that Mr. and Mrs. James Neiger and Mrs. Eva Husch resided at this address. The 1930 city directory indicates that James Neiger, the president of Husch Brothers, Inc., and his wife, Jennie Neiger, resided at this address. The 1950 St. Paul Academy Alumni Directory indicates that Robert P. Frenzel (1926- ,) who attended the school from 1942 until 1944, who graduated from the Massachusetts Institute of Technology in 1949, and who served in the military during World War II, that Thomas M. Frenzel (1931- ,) who attended the school from 1945 until 1949 and who attended Dartmouth College, and that William E. Frenzel (1926- ,) who attended the school from 1942 until 1946 and who attended Dartmouth College, all resided at this address. McLaughlin was associated with McLaughlin Brothers, who were importers of stallions. The current owners of record of the property are Anil Poulose and Clare Poulose. Anil Poulose, M.D., is a physician with Allina Health System-Abbott NorthWestern Hospital in Minneapolis. Anil Poulose, M.D., was an author in 2005, along with ten other authors, of a paper in the Journal of the American College of Cardiology entitled "Patent Foramen Ovale: Current Pathology, Pathophysiology, and Clinical Status." [See note on Lockwood for 726 Summit Avenue.]

1134 Summit Avenue: Built about 1912 (1913 according to Ramsey County property tax records); Tudor Revival/Early Modern Rectilinear in style. The house is a 2 1/2 story, 3269 square foot, five bedroom, two bathroom, one half-bathroom, brick structure which has a jerkinhead roof with eyelid dormers. A jerkinhead roof is a clipped gable roof that is truncated at the apex. It also has an attached masonry garage and a detached garage. Louis Salet and Leon Salet resided at this address in 1916 and again in 1924. W. A. Tilden resided at this address in 1918. The 1918 city directory indicates that Mr. and Mrs. Leon Salet and Louis Salet all resided at this address. Harry N. Salet, (1894- ), a First Lieutenant, was a World War I veteran who resided at this address in 1919. The 1924 city directory indicates that Mr. and Mrs. Louis Salet resided at this address. The 1930 city directory indicates that Leon Salet and his wife, Anna Salet, resided at this address. William A. Tilden ( - 1931) and Leon Salet ( -1954) both died in Ramsey County. The property was last sold in 1996 for $359,000. The current owners of record of the property are Ronald E. Schutte and Wendy L. Schutte. Ronald Schutte was a 1971 graduate of Northland College and is a Manager employed by 3M.

1127 Summit Avenue: Smith and J. W. Taylor House; Built in 1891; Early Modern Rectilinear in style; John Haulen, architect. The 1893 city directory indicates that Mr. and Mrs. J. W. Taylor, their daughter, Carl Taylor, and Colonel John W. Taylor resided at this address. The 1910 city directory indicates that John W. Taylor was the president of the Taylor Realty Company, located at the Globe Building, and resided at this address. The 1920 city directory indicates that Caroline L. Carlson, a stenographer employed by the Great Northern RailRoad, boarded at this address. The 1924 city directory indicates that Mr. and Mrs. J. W. Taylor resided at this address. In 1889, John W. Taylor was instrumental in the founding of the White Bear Yacht Club and, in 1897, in the founding of the Inland Lakes Yachting Association.

1126 Summit Avenue: Laurence C. Jefferson House; Built in 1905 (1903 according to Ramsey County property tax records); Tudor Revival/Tudor Villa in style; St. Paul Building Co., architect and builder. The house was built for $15,000. The house is a 2 1/2 story, 3299 square foot, four bedroom, three bathroom, one half-bathroom, brick structure which has a steep slate roof. It also has a detached garage. Minnesota Historical Society records indicate that Lawrence C. Jefferson resided at this address from 1905 to 1938. The 1906 Jubilee Manual of the House of Hope Presbyterian Church indicates that Lawrence C. Jefferson, a member of the church since 1888, resided at this address. In 1911, Nellie Coburn (Mrs. Lawrence C.) Jefferson was a Minnesota vice regent of the Daughters of the American Revolution and resided at this address. The 1918 city directory indicates that Mr. and Mrs. Lawrence C. Jefferson and Mrs. A. C. Coburn all resided at this address. Oakland Cemetery Association records indicate that Anna C. Coburn (1849-1920,) the widowed mother of Mrs. L. C. Jefferson, who was born in Massachusetts to parents born in the United States and who died of apoplexy, resided at this address in 1920. The 1924 city directory indicates that Mr. and Mrs. L. C. Jefferson and their daughters resided at this address. The 1930 city directory indicates that Lawrence C. Jefferson, who officed at the Pioneer Building, and his wife, Nellie C. Jefferson, resided at this address. In 1934, Lawrence C. Jefferson, Nellie Coburn Jefferson, and Louise D. Jefferson all resided at this address. The Jeffersons were members of the Schubert Club in 1934. Lawrence C. Jefferson was a graduate of Princeton University. The property was last sold for $225,000 and that sale occurred in 1993. The current owners of record of the property are Juliann F. S. P. Geis and Robert P. Thavis. Robert P. Thavis (1955- ) was born Mankato, Minnesota, graduated from St. John's University, Mankato State University (B.A., 1977) and Yale University Law School (J.D., 1980), was admitted to to the practice of law in 1980 in Minnesota, in 2001 in Wisconsin, and in 2003 in North Dakota, and is a Shareholder practicing in insurance coverage litigation and business torts litigation for Leonard, Street & Deinard, Professional Association.

1118 Summit Avenue: Dr. Knox Bacon House; Built in 1902; Colonial Revival/Queen Anne Rectilinear in style; Louis Lockwood, architect, and J. J. Booth, builder. The house cost $5,000 to build. The house is a 2 1/2 story, 3363 square foot, six bedroom, three bathroom, wood frame structure which has a symmetrical facade. It also has a detached garage. The house predates the surrounding structures. Minnesota Historical Society records indicate that Knox Bacon resided at this address from 1903. The 1910 city directory indicates that Knox Backus was a physician at the Lowry Arcade Building and resided at this address. Oakland Cemetery Association records indicate that Minerva Emerson Bacon (1871-1914,) the wife of Dr. Knox Bacon, who was born in Minnesota to parents who were born in the United States and who died of Addison's disease, resided at this address in 1914. The 1918 city directory indicates that Dr. and Mrs. Knox Bacon and Miss Zillah Knox all resided at this address. The 1920 city directory indicates that Knox Bacon, a physician who officed at the Lowry Building, resided at this address. The 1924 city directory indicates that Mr. and Mrs. R. W. Clark resided at this address. The 1930 city directory indicates that Roy W. Clark, a general traffic manager, and his wife, Margaret C. Clark, resided at this address. In 1934, Roy W. Clark, Margaret Haines Clark, George E. Clark, Edward S. Clark, and Margaret C. Clark resided at this address and were notable members of St. Paul society. The 1989 Arlington Hills Lutheran Church directory indicates that Dr. Robert Nelson, DeeAnne Nelson, Dana Nelson, Connie Nelson, Rebecca Nelson, and Andrea Nelson resided at this address. Roy W. Clark ( -1948) and Margaret C. Clark ( -1938) both died in Ramsey County. Roy W. Clark was an assistant to the president of the Northern Pacific RailRoad in 1909. Howard Elliott was the president of the Northern Pacific RailRoad in 1909. Howard Elliott (1860-1928) was born in New York, New York, graduated from the Lawrence Scientific School, Harvard University, with a degree in Civil Engineer in 1881, was a level roadman in the engineer corps of the Chicago, Burlington & Quincy RailRoad, was a clerk in the president’s office of the St. Louis, Keokuk & Northwestern RailRoad, was an auditor and assistant treasurer for the Chicago, Burlington & Kansas City RailRoad and St. Louis, Keokuk & Northwestern RailRoad from 1882 to 1887, was a general freight and passenger agent for the Chicago, Burlington & Kansas City RailRoad and St. Louis, Keokuk & Northwestern RailRoad from 1887 to 1891, was the general freight agent for the Chicago, Burlington & Kansas City RailRoad, the St. Louis, Keokuk & Northwestern RailRoad, the Hannibal & St. Joseph RailRoad, and the Kansas City, St. Joseph & Council Bluffs RailRoad from 1891 to 1896, was the general manager for the Chicago, Burlington & Kansas City RailRoad, the St. Louis, Keokuk & Northwestern RailRoad, the Hannibal & St. Joseph RailRoad, and the Kansas City, St. Joseph & Council Bluffs RailRoad from 1896 to 1902, was the second vice-president of the Chicago, Burlington & Quincy RailRoad in 1902, was the president of the Northern Pacific RailRoad, the Washington & Columbia River RailRoad and the Minnesota and International RailRoad from 1903 to 1913, resided in St. Paul, was the president and chairman of the board of directors of the New York, New Haven & Hartford RailRoad from 1913 to 1917, was chairman of the committee on Intercorporate Relations of the New York, New Haven & Hartford RailRoad from 1917, was a member of the Railroad’s War Board in 1917, was president of the Northern Pacific Railway from 1917 to 1920, and was chairman of the board of the Northern Pacific Railway from 1920. Howard Elliott gave an address entitled "The Land of Fortune" to the National Irrigation Congress in Spokane, Washington, in 1909, gave an address entitled "Montana" in 1910, gave an address entitled "Co-Operation between the Railway Owner, the Railway Employee and the Railway User" in 1910, gave an address entitled "The College Man in Business" in 1910, gave an address entitled "Address" in 1910, gave an address entitled "The Relation of the Railway to Community and State-Wide Advertising" in 1910, gave an address entitled "The Individual, the Corporation and the Government" to the National Association of Manufacturers Convention in New York in 1911, gave an address entitled "A Mile of Railroad and the Country Store" in 1911, delivered a talk entitled "Minnesota, The Railways and Advertising" to the Minnesota Federation of Commercial Clubs in 1911, gave an address entitled "Efficient Railway Management" to the $100 and Acre Club of Valley City, North Dakota, in 1911, delivered a talk entitled "The Work of the Farmer and of the Railroad in Minnesota" in 1912, delivered a talk entitled "Public Opinion, Its Effect on Business" to the Publicity Club of Minneapolis in 1912, delivered a talk entitled "Relation between the Farmer and the Railroad" in 1912, delivered a talk entitled "The Conservation of Railway Service" at the second Minnesota Conservation and Agricultural Development Congress in Minneapolis in 1912, delivered a talk entitled "The City of Superior, the Northern Pacific Railway and their Future Growth" in 1913, and gave an address entitled "New London situation and labor problems" to the Chamber of Commerce of New London, Connecticut in 1916. Howard Elliott authoered The Truth About RailRoads, published in Boston by the Houghton Mifflin Company in 1913. The current owners of record of the property are Deeanne W. Nelson and Robert P. Nelson. Oakland Cemetery Association records indicate that John A. Ostlund resided at the former nearby 1115 Summit Avenue in 1922.

1111 Summit Avenue: St. George's Greek Orthodox Church; Built in 1967; Byzantine Revival in style; Voight-Fourre, architect. The building cost $150,000 to build. Minnesota Historical Society records indicate that Samuel C. Stickney resided at this address from 1902. The 1918 city directory indicates that Mr. and Mrs. A. A. McDonnell resided at this address. The 1920 city directory indicates that Amanda Arvidson, a nurse, roomed at this address. The 1924 city directory indicates that Mr. and Mrs. A. A. McDonnell resided at this address. The 1930 city directory indicates that Alex A. McDonell resided at this address. The 1939 St. Paul Academy Alumni Directory indicates that A. Angus McDonell (1917- ,) who attended the school from 1928 until 1930 and who attended Harvard University, resided at this address. Rev. Fr. Richard Demetrius Andrews is the presbyter of the church, George Kanavati is the parish council president, Barbara Bauman is the choir director, and Anna Christoforides is the Greek school director. St. George the Great Martyr was an officer in the Roman army who, because he was a Christian, was killed for refusing to enforce the Emperor's edict against the Church. St. George is frequently depicted as being engaged in battle with a dragon. By 1910, St. Paul had about 100 Greek immigrants. By 1923, seventy-eight Greek-owned businesses had opened in St. Paul. Until 1939, the St. Paul Greek community attended St. Mary's Greek Orthodox Church on East Lake Street in Minneapolis. In 1936, the Greek community raised $4,000 to acquire its own church. In 1939, the property at 1111 Summit Avenue, known as the McDonald Mansion, was purchased and remodeled to serve the St. George Greek Orthodox Community as their first Church. The first service to be held in the new church was on Palm Sunday in 1940. In 1967, a fire of unknown origin destroyed the interior of the church, compelling the construction of a new church. The building of the church was completed in 1968. In 1975, the mortgage loan on the church was paid off. In 2000, renovation of the church was completed, with the addition of new priest and secretary offices, an elevator, entrances, and improvements to two restrooms. World War I veteran John Lynch resided at this address in 1919. The current owner of record of the property is the St. George Greek Orthodox Church.

1106 Summit Avenue: Minnie F. Lennon House; Built in 1911 (1922 according to Ramsey County property tax records;) Tudor Villa in style; Peter J. Linhoff, architect, and Minnesota Investment Company, builder. The house was built for $12,500. The house is a 2 1/2 story, 2122 square foot, four bedroom, two bathroom, aluminum/vinyl-sided structure, with a tuck-under two car garage, which was last sold in 1992 for $225,000. The porch is unusual for a Tudor style house and probably was altered. The 1918 city directory indicates that Mr. and Mrs. George E. Lennon and Mr. and Mrs. J. W. Lennon all resided at this address. The 1924 city directory indicates that Mr. and Mrs. G. E. Lennon resided at this address. The 1930 city directory indicates that George E. Lennon resided at this address. Minnie Lennon was a seamstress. She was the widow of John Lennon. Her son, John Warren Lennon, was the assistant secretary of the St. Paul Baseball Club. J. Warren Lennon (1895- ), a Boatswain's Mate, was a World War I veteran who resided at this address in 1919. The current owners of record of the property are John A. Siekmeier and Rebecca L. Siekmeier. John A. Siekmeier is a Senior Research Engineer for the Minnesota Department of Transportation and was a presenter as part of the National Cooperative Highway Research Program Project Panel on Intelligent Soil Compaction Systems in 2007. John Siekmeier was a member of the Summit Hill Association Board in 2004 and 2005. [See note on Linhoff for 361 Summit Avenue.]

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Information from the University of Minnesota, Northwest Architectural Archives, was used in this webpage.

This webpage was last modified on November 4, 2009.