Lawrence A. Martin
General. Cathedral Hill is located at the head of Summit Avenue and is the neighborhood in the immediate vicinity of St. Paul's Cathedral. The Cathedral and the Capitol on an adjacent hill form an impressive sight that is easily viewed from many points in the city.
Specific Structures or Points of Interest Along the Hike. The following presents available information on points of interest and the building styles of specific structures located along the hike:
100 Rev. Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr., Blvd.: State Office Building. Built in 1932; Clarence H. Johnston, Sr., architect. Because of a lack of space in the capitol building that caused state agencies to remove their offices from that space every biennial legislative session, the 1929 Legislature authorized the appointment of the State Office Building Commission and appropriated $1.5 million for a new state office building. Governor Theodore Christianson appointed the commission which voted in favor of a six-story brick office building at the rear of the Capitol, on the block bounded by University Avenue, Park Street, Sherburne Avenue, and Capitol Boulevard. The State Office Building Commission plan violated Cass Gilbert's overall plan for the Capitol complex. Cass Gilbert was asked by the City of St. Paul to restudy his original Capitol approach plans, came to Saint Paul in 1930, entered into contract with the city to prepare a plan of approaches, and submitted the new plans in 1931. The supplemental plan located a building on the current site of the State Office Building. The 1931 legislature overruled the State Office Building Commission's decision on the University site in favor of the Wabasha Street (now Rev. Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr., Blvd.) site. The State Office Building was erected in 1932. Clarence H. Johnston, Sr., also designed the prior Historical Society Building, which now is incorporated into the Minnesota Judicial Center, which houses the State Supreme Court and the State Court of Appeals. The building initially housed various State agencies through the early 1970's, when the building began its conversion to a legislative office building, first to office the Senate Minority Caucus members and then to provide offices for the entire House of Representatives membership. The building was remodeled and updated in 1984-1986, when hearing rooms replaced the prior central air shafts and the seventh floor was added. The building is now almost entirely a legislative office building, with the sole nonlegislative occupants being the office of the Minnesota Secretary of State and Ken "Lawn Boy" Kirkpatrick's Capitol Barber shop. Ken Kirkpatrick is the former chair of the Minnesota Board of Barber Examiners and recently served as the president of the National Association of Barber Boards of America. [See note on Johnston for 476 Summit Avenue.]
105 University Avenue West: Norwegian Evangelical Lutheran Church/Christ Lutheran Church on Capitol Hill; Built in 1913; Beaux Arts church in style; Buechner & Orth, architects. The structure is a two story, 34701 square foot, church, office space, and rectory. The 2007 Cole Reference Directory indicates that Christ Lutheran Church, the Lutheran Coalition for Public Policy, the St. Paul Area Synod ALCA, and the Zion Evangelical Fellowship were located at this address. The church was founded in 1868 by Scandinavian immigrants. In the late 1970's, Christ Lutheran Church on Capitol Hill became involved in ministry to Southeast Asian refugees fleeing from Communism in their native countries. The church still has a strong Scandinavian following which results in a unique cultural mix within the church community. Christ Lutheran is also one of the founding congregations and an active corporate partner of the Lyngblomsten Care Center at 1455 Almond Avenue in St. Paul, hosts the Hmong Explorer Post 6, a Boy Scout Troop of Hmong teenagers, provides a monthly forum for the Minnesota Association of Christian Songwriters, shares its building with the Zion Evangelical Fellowship, a church of Ethiopian immigrants who hold their services in their native Amharic language, and sponsors the Southeast Asian Ministry. The CLC building is also home for the St Paul Area Synod of the Evangelical Lutheran Church in America. Rev. Susan Tjornehoj is the pastor of the church, Paul Swenson is the organist, Sean Whelan is the choir director, and Bun Loeung is the Khmer choir leader. The current owner of record of the property is the Christ Lutheran Church on Capitol Hill. The 1885 city directory indicates that Mr. and Mrs. Robert G. Snodgrass resided at the former nearby 96 University Avenue.
116 University Avenue West (Across from 117 University Avenue West): Lief Erikson/Leif Erickson Statute Erected in 1949; John Karl Daniels, Sculptor. The 13 foot tall bronze figure depicts the man who many consider to be the first European to reach North America, circa 1000 A.D. The statue was dedicated on Leif Erikson Day, October 9, 1949. The monument was sponsored by the Vestfoldlaget i Amerika, a Norwegian-American organization, and the Minnesota Leif Erikson Monument Association and was funded by a public subscription. The Norwegian National League was reborn in 1927 and became a factor in the Leif Erikson movement locally. The Norwegian National League in Minneapolis took the initiative after 1929 in getting the Minnesota legislature to adopt a law making October 9 annually Leif Erikson Day and the law was enacted 1931. Also in 1931, Nordkap Lodge No. 8, Sons of Norway, St. Paul, launched the idea of a Leif Erikson monument on the Capitol Grounds and the Leif Erikson Monument Association was organized with Prof. M. O. Wee ( -1942) as president. The statue was unveiled and dedicated in 1949 to coincide with Minnesota's territorial centennial celebrations. [See note on John K. Daniels for 187 Summit Avenue, across from 186 Summit Avenue]
117 University Avenue West: Ford Building; Built in 1913; Kees & Colburn, Minneapolis architects, and John Graham, a Seattle architect and the Ford Motor Company architect. The three story, 58891 square foot, reinforced concrete commercial/industrial building was originally a Ford motor car sub-assembly plant, was built at the same time as the Minneapolis plant, located at 419 North Fifth Street, and was used to assemble 500 cars a year. The roof of the building was constructed in a manner, with walls extending nine feet above the roof tiling, so that cars could be tested on the roof. The Ford Motor Company spent $10,199 to acquire the site and the building cost $56,000. The 2007 Cole Reference Directory indicates that the Minnesota Department of Agriculture and the State of Minnesota University were located at this address. The Ford building was one of 18 assembly facilities located around the country to serve local dealerships (Buffalo, New York; Cambridge, Massachusetts; Chicago; Columbus, Ohio; Dallas, Texas; Denver, Colorado; Houston, Texas; Kansas City, Missouri; Long Island City, New York; Los Angeles; Memphis, Tennessee; Philadelphia; Pittsburgh; Portland, Oregon; San Francisco; Seattle; St. Louis, Missouri, and the Twin Cities.) The St. Paul Ford Assembly Plant was smaller, but more ornate, than its Minneapolis counterpart. In 1921, the W. H. Schmelzel Company conducted training courses for auto mechanics at the Ford Building. The 1930 city directory indicates that The Peterson-Greenman Company, an automobile dealer, was located at this address. When the Ford Motor Company built the Highland Park assembly plant in 1924, utilizing assembly line technology, the building was utilized by Ford as a sales and service center. The building was vacant from 1937 to 1941. In 1947, the Kedney Warehouse Company occupied the building. In 1951, the federal government acquired the building and it housed the U. S. Division of Conciliation and the Division of Social Welfare. It was acquired by the State of Minnesota as an office building in 1952 and initially housed the Department of Labor, the Department of Taxation, and the Barbers Examination Board. The building has been vacated and has been proposed by the State Department of Administration for demolition and for the expansion of Capitol Complex Parking Lot "C." The current owner of record of the property is the State of Minnesota. The 1885 city directory indicates that Mr. and Mrs. William H. Kelley and their daughter resided at the former nearby 142 University Avenue. The 1887 city directory indicates that Mr. and Mrs. E. W. Cooke resided at the former nearby 133 West University Avenue, that Mr. and Mrs. Frank Ricker, Mr. and Mrs. C. B. Russ, and J. G. McClellan all resided at the former nearby 135 West University Avenue, that Mr. and Mrs. S. E. Barker resided at the former nearby 137 West University Avenue, and that Mr. and Mrs. J. F. Jackson resided at the former nearby 139 West University Avenue. [See note on the Ford Motor Company for 334 St. Clair Avenue.]
145 University Avenue West: League of Minnesota Cities Building; Built in 1995. The structure is a four story, 63218 square foot, office building. The 2007 Cole Reference Directory indicates that the Association of Metro Municipalities, Berkeley Risk Administrators LLC, the League of Minnesota Cities, Messerli & Kramer PA, and the Minnesota Regional Railroads Association were located at this address. The League of Minnesota Cities was established in 1913 by a special law passed by the Minnesota Legislature. The organization was initially a part of the Extension Division of the University of Minnesota. In 1974, the League became an independent organization. The League's membership includes cities and their elected and appointed officials, special districts, and townships across Minnesota. The building was designed to be reminiscent of a generic city hall building. Judy Johnson, mayor of the City of Plymouth, Minnesota, is the current president of the Board of the League of Minnesota Cities. The current owner of record of the property is the League of Minnesota Cities Building Company Inc. The 1930 city directory indicates that the sole residents of the Aerie Apartments apartment building located at the former 150 University Avenue West were Martin O'Donnell, a laborer employed by the St. Paul Department of Public Works, and his wife, Sarah O'Donnell, in Apartment #1, with Apartments #2, #3, and #4 vacant. The records of the 1919-1920 Minnesota World War I Soldier's Bonus Board (#4695) indicate that Alfred A. Meier (1893- ,) a 1917 enlistee and a Private in Advanced Ordinance Depot #1, who was born in St. Paul, had brown eyes, dark brown hair, and a medium fair complexion, was 5' 6" tall, was a mechanic and instrument repairer at induction, served in the American Expeditionary Force in France, was an optical surface grinder employed by the F. A. Hardy Optical Company after the completion of service, and was unmarried, resided with his mother, Mrs. Henry Meier, at the nearby former 157 West University Avenue. The records of the 1919-1920 Minnesota World War I Soldier's Bonus Board (#4646) indicate that Lee Aizman (1890- ,) a 1917 enlistee and a Sergeant in Company F of the 25th Engineers, who was born in Getno, Russia, moved to Minnesota in 1916, had brown eyes, black hair, and a medium complexion, was 5' 9' tall, was a chauffeur at induction, was a mechanic employed by U. S. Post Office after the completion of service, and was married, resided with his wife, Aida Aizman, at the nearby former 176 West University Avenue.
441 Rice Street: Former Trinity Lutheran Church/Berean Church of God in Christ; Reverend Bob Battle, pastor. The 2007 Cole Reference Directory indicates that the Berean COGIC Church, Capitol City Printing Inc., and Open Arms Daycare Inc. were located at this address. Reverend Bob Battle (1940- ) grew up in Mississippi during the days of segregation and served as the head of the St. Paul Human Rights Department under Mayor Norm Coleman and Mayor Randy Kelly. The current owner of record is the Berean Church of God in Christ, Inc. The 1885 city directory indicates that Mr. and Mrs. John Clark resided at the former nearby 438 Rice Street, that Mr. and Mrs. H. H. Miller resided at the former nearby 435 Rice Street, and that Mr. and Mrs. R. J. Boxell resided at the former nearby 428 Rice Street. The 1887 city directory indicates that that Mr. and Mrs. J. H. Brown and their daughters resided at the former nearby 426 Rice Street, Mr. and Mrs. H. H. Miller resided at the former nearby 435 Rice Street, and that Mr. and Mrs. John Clark resided at the former nearby 438 Rice Street. The 1930 city directory indicates that Mrs. Susan Riley, the widow of Edward Riley, resided at the former nearby 436 Rice Street and that the Deutsches Haus, the Deutsches Haus German American Club House, and the Hermann Sons Hall Association, Inc., were located at the former nearby 444 Rice Street, that Delphine Lanouette, Oliver J. Dufresne, a salesman, and Angelica Pepin resided at the former nearby 426 Rice Street, that the former nearby 427 Rice Street was vacant, that Eugene Lefevre, an engineer with W. F. Buth & Company, his wife, Carroll Lefevre, Mrs. May/Mary Jacobs, the widow of Paul Jacobs, and Edwin O. Malvey, a clerk employed by the Seeger Refrigerator Company, and his wife, Mary Malvey, resided at the former nearby 428 Rice Street, that Holtkamp & Adams, automobile representatives, was located at the former nearby 430 Rice Street, and that Commonwealth Hall was located at the former nearby 435 Rice Street. Elise Dufresne was the wife of Oliver Dufresne in 1930. Delphine Lanouette ( -1950) died in Nicollet County, Minnesota. Oliver J. Dufresne (1892-1980) was born in Minnesota, had a mother with a maiden name of Ducharme, and died in Ramsey County. Elise Dufresne (1896-1977) was born in Minnesota, had a mother with a maiden name of Dickey, and died in Ramsey County. Paul Jacobs ( -1928) and Eugene Lefevre ( -1950) died in Ramsey County. Edwin O. Malvey (1905-1985) was born in Minnesota and died in Ramsey County.
425 Rice Street: Sears Roebuck Store; Built in 1962. The property contains two retail buildings, one a one story, 30282 square foot, building and the other a two story, 185540 square foot, building. The 2007 Cole Reference Directory indicates that Consumer Programs Inc., H & R Block, License Bureau Inc., Miracle Ear, Sears, and Sears Optical were located at this address. The current owner of record of the property is the Sears Roebuck & Company of Hoffman Estates, Illinois. The 1887 city directory indicates that Mr. and Mrs. B. Albachten resided at the former nearby 413 Rice Street. The 1924 city directory indicates that H. A. Gerber and R. B. Gerber resided at the former nearby 424 Rice Street. The 1930 city directory indicates that Mrs. Fredericka Gerber, the widow of Fred Gerber, resided at the former nearby 424 Rice Street.
Former 168 Aurora Avenue: Built in 1961. The structure was a one story, 7950 square foot, commercial building and is now a parking lot. The 1916 city directory indicates that Dr. and Mrs. F. H. Alexander and their daughter resided at this address. The 1920 city directory indicates that Kathryn Connor, a clerk employed by Husch Brothers, boarded at this address. The 1930 city directory indicates that Herman T. Hoenck and Alex H. Janssen resided at this address. Husch Brothers was a Jewish-owned clothing manufacturer since at least 1915. The current owner of record of the property is the State of Minnesota. The 1887 city directory indicates that Mathew Rafferty and Miss Lizzie Rafferty both resided at the former nearby 169 Aurora Avenue. The 1916 city directory indicates that Miss L. C. Weber resided at the former nearby 157 Aurora Avenue, that Mr. and Mrs. John Sinclair resided at the former nearby 159 Aurora Avenue, that Mr. and Mrs. Thomas Spence and their daughter resided at the former nearby 167 Aurora Avenue, and that Mr. and Mrs. J. A. Scheuer and their daughters resided at the former nearby 174 Aurora Avenue. The 1918 city directory indicates that Mr. and Mrs. Jno Sinclair resided at the former nearby 159 Aurora Avenue, that Dr. A. A. Feist resided at the former nearby 161 Aurora Avenue, and that Mr. and Mrs. J. A. Scheuer and Mr. and Mrs. J. W. Shannon all resided at the former nearby 174 Aurora Avenue. The records of the 1919-1920 Minnesota World War I Soldier's Bonus Board (#13279) indicate that O. C. Robert Drizzle (1892- ,) a 1917 draftee and a Dispensary Assistant in the 366th Infantry, who was born in Paris, Texas, moved to Minnesota in 1915, had black eyes, black hair, and a colored complexion, was 5' 3" tall, was a waiter/barber at induction, served in the American Expeditionary Force in France, including Vosgen, the Meuse-Argonne Offensive, the Marbache Sector, and the Boise de Vourolte Offensive, was issued one bronze victory button, was a waiter employed by the Great Northern RailRoad after the completion of service, and was married, resided at the nearby former 155 Aurora Avenue. The records of the 1919-1920 Minnesota World War I Soldier’s Bonus Board (#22245) indicate that Harry D. Perkins (1889- ,) a 1918 draftee and a Private First Class in Company E of the 809th Pioneer Infantry, who was born in Topeka, Kansas, moved to Minnesota in 1915, had brown eyes, black hair, and a colored complexion, was 5' 10 1/2" tall, was a porter at induction, served in the American Expeditionary Force in France, was unemployed after the completion of service, and was unmarried, resided at the nearby former 155 Aurora Avenue. The 1920 city directory indicates that Rose Berman, a milliner with a shop at 494 St. Peter Street, roomed at the former nearby 174 Aurora Avenue and that Lucy M. Cook, a matron, boarded at the former nearby 155 Aurora Avenue. The 1924 city directory indicates that Mr. and Mrs. R. F. Malchow resided at the former nearby 166 Aurora Avenue, that Mr. and Mrs. Conrad Holland and Mr. and Mrs. T. Woodworth resided at the former nearby 167 Aurora Avenue, that Mae F. Callanan, an accountant employed by the State Dairy & Food Department, boarded at the nearby former 159 Aurora Avenue, and that Mary Callanan, the widow of Martin Callanan, resided at the nearby former 159 Aurora Avenue. The 1930 city directory indicates that the former nearby 152 Aurora Avenue was vacant, that the former nearby 154 Aurora Avenue was vacant, that Charles Black, a waiter for the Great Northern RailRoad, resided at the former nearby 155 Aurora Avenue, that Joseph N. Benson, a coal dealer, was located at the former nearby 156 Aurora Avenue, that Maurice Weber resided at the former nearby 157 Aurora Avenue, that Carl J. Sorlien, a body builder employed by the Ford Motor Company, his wife, Inga Sorlien, Theo T. Ronstadt, an inspector, and his wife, Elizabeth Ronstadt, resided at the former nearby 159 Aurora Avenue, that John A. Healy, a watchman at the Old State Capitol Building, and William J. Quinn, a lawyer who officed at the Commerce Building, and his wife, Celina Quinn, resided at the former nearby 161 Aurora Avenue, that Chris J. Allgreen, a foreman at American Hoist & Derrick Company, resided at the former nearby 164 Aurora Avenue, that William Hoversten, a barber employed by Albin Sjobeck, and his wife, Laura Hoversten, resided at the former nearby 166 Aurora Avenue, that John F. O'Fourke and Clarence S. Fishley, a steel worker, and his wife, Minnie L. Fishley, resided at the former nearby 167 Aurora Avenue, and that Joseph A. Scheuer, Rose Boettcher, and Albert H. Grondahl, a clerk employed by Grain King Manufacturing Company, and his wife, Frances Grondahl, resided at the former nearby 174 Aurora Avenue. Della Black was the wife of Charles Black in 1930. Joseph N. Benson and his wife, Mary Benson, resided at The Piedmont Apartments according to the 1930 city directory. Anna Allgreen was the wife of Chris J. Allgreen in 1930. Herman T. Hoenck (1880-1966) was born in Minnesota, had a mother with a maiden name of Scheinstahl, and died in Ramsey County. Charles H. Black (1875-1955) was born outside of Minnesota and died in Ramsey County. John A. Healy ( -1935,) Maurice A. Weber ( -1937,) Carl J. Sorlien ( -1946,) Charles Black ( -1951,) Chris J. Allgreen ( -1952,) Clarence Stanley Fishley ( -1953,) and Theodore T. Ronstadt ( -1954) all died in Ramsey County. Della Arlean Black ( -1930) died in Dakota County, Minnesota. Minnie Fishley (1889-1969) was born in Minnesota, had a mother with a maiden name of Beckman, and died in Ramsey County. Maurice John Weber (1909-1979) was born in Minnesota, had a mother with a maiden name of Fosselsberger, and died in Ramsey County. Joseph A. Scheuer (1867-1955) was born outside of Minnesota and died in Ramsey County. Rose Runge Boettcher (1906-1980) was born in Minnesota, had a mother with a maiden name of Stanke, and died in Blue Earth County, Minnesota. Albert H. Grondahl (1903-1982) was born outside of Minnesota, had a mother with a maiden name of Hanstad, and died in Ramsey County. The Grain King Manufacturing Company of St. Paul manufactured agricultural equipment such as wagons, trucks, harrows, stackers, and bobsleds and published catalogs in 1926 and 1932. The Grain King Manufacturing Company originally was the Anderson Company, a farm implement manufacturing company that was established in 1876, and the company was located at Snelling Avenue and University Avenue, in a structure that was built in 1904 by the Twin City Rapid Transit Company as a large carhouse, power substation, and centralized shops for streetcar manufacture and maintenance. The Grain King Manufacturing Company manufactured farm wagons, farm trucks, wagon boxes, grain tanks, motor truck bodies, wagon brakes, spring seats, end gates, shoveling boards, adjustable tongues, whiffletrees and neckyokes, boss harrows, wood lever harrows, stackers, sweep rakes, bob sleds, bob sled runners, hog feeders, and steel wheels. Its factory covered seven acres, with 110,000 square feet of floor space. [See note on the Great Northern RailRoad for 280 Maple Street.] [See note on the Ford Motor Company for 334 St. Clair Avenue.] [See note for the American Hoist and Derrick Company for 2010 Summit Avenue.] [See note on the Twin City Rapid Transit Company for 165 Western Avenue North.]
175 Aurora Avenue: Minnesota AFL-CIO Federation of Labor Building; Built in 1965. The structure is a one story, 8480 square foot, office building. The 2007 Cole Reference Directory indicates that the AFL-CIO Region 12 Office, the Minnesota AFL-CIO, the Minnesota Labor Interpretative Center, and the Working For America Institute were located at this address. The structure is a the headquarters of the Minnesota branch of the American Federation of Labor-Congress of Industrial Organizations. The union organization represents 400,000 Minnesotans in over 100 locals and affiliated unions. Minnesota factors into national labor history. The Minnesota AFL was founded in 1890 in the Twin Cities and the first strike involving Minnesota workers was the 1893 Pullman strike. From 1911 to 1935, E. G. Hall of the Minneapolis Cigarmakers was the president of the organization. The first Minnesota local of the American Federation of Teachers was formed in St. Paul in 1918. The first sit-down strike in American history took place at the Hormel Plant in Austin, Minnesota, in 1933. The 1934 Minneapolis Teamster's Strike was one of most violent in Minnesota history. The CIO was formed in 1935-1936 by John L. Lewis of the United Mine Workers, after a dispute within the AFL. The Minnesota State Federation of Teachers was formed in 1936 and several Minnesota locals also joined in the formation of the American Federation of State, County & Municipal Employees. Robert A. Olson became the organization's president in 1938. The Minnesota AFL and the Minnesota CIO merged in 1956 and Robert Olson continued as its president. Recent organization presidents were Dave Roe, Dan Gustafson, and Bernard Brommer. Ray Waldron, of the Roofers Union, is the current president of the organization. Emanuel G. Hall ( -1938) died in Hennepin County. The current owner of record of the property is the Minnesota AFL-CIO Building Corporation. Douglas W. Cox, a lobbyist for Minnesota Citizens for Tax Justice, is located at this address. The 1916 city directory indicates that E. J. Seitz resided at the former nearby 202 Aurora Avenue, that Dr. and Mrs. E. R. Smith and Mrs. Ida Mellen all resided at the former nearby 206 Aurora Avenue, that Mr. and Mrs. Alois Marzolf resided at the former nearby 210 Aurora Avenue, and that Mr. and Mrs. Mathais Bantz resided at the former nearby 219 Aurora Avenue. Jennie Rosenthal was the mother of Reuben Rosenthal and resided at 177 Aurora Avenue in 1916. The 1918 city directory indicates that Mr. and Mrs. J. R. Faricy resided at the former nearby 202 Aurora Avenue, that Dr. and Mrs. E. R. Smith resided at the former nearby 206 Aurora Avenue, that Mr. and Mrs. Alois Marzolf resided at the former nearby 210 Aurora Avenue, and that Mr. and Mrs. Mathais Bantz resided at the former nearby 219 Aurora Avenue. The records of the 1919-1920 Minnesota World War I Soldier's Bonus Board (#4511) indicate that Reuben Rosenthal (1896- ,) a 1916 enlistee and a Private in Company G of the 166th Infantry, who was born in San Francisco, California, moved to Minnesota in 1898, had blue eyes, brown hair, and a medium complexion, was 5' 4" tall, was a laborer at induction, served in the American Expeditionary Force in France, including St. Mihiel, Chatieu Thierry, and the Argonne, was a laborer employed by Swift & Company after the completion of service, and was unmarried, resided at the nearby former 177 Aurora Avenue. The records of the 1919-1920 Minnesota World War I Soldier’s Bonus Board (#19362) indicate that Henry M. Finstad (1893- ,) a 1917 draftee and a Wagoner in the Supply Company of the 301st Infantry, who was born in Moorhead, Minnesota, had brown eyes, black hair, and a fair complexion, was 5' 10 1/2" tall, was a bartender at induction, served in the American Expeditionary Force in France, including Haute Alsace, was a bartender employed by Gus Finstad after the completion of service, and was married, resided with his wife, Lydia Finstad, at the nearby former 184 Aurora Avenue. The records of the 1919-1920 Minnesota World War I Soldier’s Bonus Board (#19577) indicate that Arthur J. C. Carey (1888- ,) a 1918 draftee and a Private First Class in Battery E of the 332nd Field Artillery, who was born in St. Paul, had brown eyes, brown hair, and a dark complexion, was 5' 8" tall, was a painter at induction, served in the American Expeditionary Force in France, was a steam fitter helper employed by Prendergast Brothers after the completion of service, and was unmarried, resided with his mother, Mary Owens Carey, at the nearby former 204 Aurora Avenue. The records of the 1919-1920 Minnesota World War I Soldier’s Bonus Board (#20156) indicate that Harold W. Albeck (1896- ,) a 1918 draftee and a Private in Company D, Third Corps, Artillery Park, who was born in St. Paul, had blue eyes, brown hair, and a light complexion, was 5' 4 1/2" tall, was a salesman at induction, served in the American Expeditionary Force in France, including the Meuse-Argonne Offensive, was a salesman and department manager employed by Crane & Ordway Company after the completion of service, and was unmarried, resided with his mother, E. E. Albeck, at the nearby former 189 Aurora Avenue. The records of the 1919-1920 Minnesota World War I Soldier’s Bonus Board (#22163) indicate that Eugene R. Wunsch (1895- ,) a 1917 draftee and a Corporal in the 305th Guard & Fire Company of the Quartermaster Corps, who was born in Butte, Montana, moved to Minnesota in 1901, had blue eyes, brown hair, and a ruddy complexion, was 5' 8" tall, was a surveyor at induction, was a tapeman employed by the Engineering Department of the Chicago, St. Paul, Minneapolis & Omaha RailRoad after the completion of service, and was unmarried, resided with his mother, Mrs. C. H. Wunsch, at the nearby former 191 Aurora Avenue. The records of the 1919-1920 Minnesota World War I Soldier’s Bonus Board (#29345) indicate that Frank J. Markie (1896- ,) a 1918 draftee and a Wagoner in Company B of the Sixth Ammn. Train, who was born in St. Paul, had blue eyes, black hair, and a dark complexion, was 5' 7" tall, was a farmer at induction, served in the American Expeditionary Force in France, including Vosges and Meuse-Argonne, was a laborer employed by P. M. Friel after the completion of service, and was unmarried, resided with his mother, Carrie Markie, at the nearby former 190 Aurora Avenue. Sarah Singh, the sister of Reuben Rosenthal, resided at 199 Aurora Avenue in 1920. The 1920 city directory indicates that W. H. Abeck, a comptroller employed by Charles Weinhagen & Company, and William H. Albeck, a foreman, resided at the former nearby 189 Aurora Avenue, that Clarence F. Albeck, a clerk employed by Cochran-Sargent Company, and Helen K. Albeck, an artist, both boarded at the former nearby 189 Aurora Avenue, that Gertrude I. Bayne, a clerk employed by Webb Publishing Company, boarded at the nearby former 201 Aurora Avenue, that John A. Bayne, a partner with Carl A. Ahl in Bayne & Ahl, blacksmiths located at 392 Rice Street, resided at 201 Aurora Avenue, that Olaf Berg, the manager of the Minnesota Milk Company, resided at the former nearby 213 Aurora Avenue, that Lydon A. Brandenburg, an assistant cashier employed by the Cosmopolitan State Bank boarded at the former nearby 190 Aurora Avenue, that Helen R. Campion, a teacher employed at the Hendricks School, boarded at the former nearby 181 Aurora Avenue, that Arthur J. Carey, a steamfitter, Gerald J. Carey, a painter employed by Victor Ingeman, Marie G. Carey, a clerk, Raymond J. Carey, a clerk, Sheridan J. Carey, a mechanic, Thomas J. Carey, a painter, and Vincent Carey, a steamfitter employed by the Midway Plumbing & Heating Company, all boarded at the former nearby 204 Aurora Street, that Mary O. Carey, the widow of Thomas F. Carey, resided at the former nearby 204 Aurora Avenue, that Ray T. Charlton, an electrician, resided at the former nearby 159 Aurora Avenue, that Patrick J. Connolly, a watchman employed by the Merchants Hotel, resided at the nearby former 240 Aurora Avenue, that Genevieve R. Crabe, a cashier employed by the Golden Rule, and Reginald S. Crabe, a clerk employed by the Great Northern RailRoad, both boarded at the nearby former 211 Aurora Avenue, and that John W. Crabe, a painter employed by the St. Paul Public Schools, resided at the nearby former 211 Aurora Avenue. The 1924 city directory indicates that Mr. and Mrs. T. O. Duckworth resided at the former nearby 174 Aurora Avenue, that Mr. and Mrs. G. F. Schmitt resided at the former nearby 176 Aurora Avenue, that Mr. and Mrs. W. G. Becker and F. A. Becker resided at the former nearby 181 Aurora Avenue, that Mr. and Mrs. W. G. McNish resided at the former nearby 207 Aurora Avenue, that Mr. and Mrs. Alois Marzolf resided at the former nearby 210 Aurora Avenue, that Mr. and Mrs. Olaf Berg resided at the former nearby 213 Aurora Avenue, that Mr. and Mrs. H. R. Volkenant resided at the former nearby 215 Aurora Avenue, that Mr. and Mrs. Mathais Bantz and Dr. and Mrs. C. W. Waas resided at the former nearby 219 Aurora Avenue, that Mr. and Mrs. J. G. Nystrom resided at the former nearby 223 Aurora Avenue, and that May Ferguson, the widow of Jay Ferguson, resided at the nearby former 235 Aurora Avenue. The 1930 city directory indicates that Simon Cohen, manager of Libman's Auction Storage, and his wife, Lillian Cohen, Isadore Simon, an assistant employed by Simon & Mogliner, a manufacturer ladies knickers, children's knickers, play suits, and sleepwear, and his wife, Mary Simon, resided at the former nearby 176 Aurora Avenue, that Julius Rosenthal, a shoe repairer with shops at 467 Broadway Street and 256 North Smith Street, resided at the former nearby 177 Aurora Avenue, that Frank A. Morrisette, a lather, his wife, Mamie Morrisette, and Mrs. Nettie Smith, the widow of William Smith, resided at the former nearby 178 Aurora Avenue, that Harvey A. Roof, a carpenter, his wife, Margaret Roof, Michael F. Roof, an auto mechanic, and Patrick H. Roof, a timekeeper, all resided at the former nearby 179 Aurora Avenue, that Mrs. Johanna C. Broecker and John B. Broeker, a painter at the Ford Motor Company, resided at the former nearby 180 Aurora Avenue, that William G. Becker, a salesman, and his wife, Elizabeth Becker, resided at the former nearby 181 Aurora Avenue, that Ernest Moore and Emma Sebastian, the widow of Charles Sebastian, resided at the former nearby 182 Aurora Avenue, that Joseph Thompson resided at the former nearby 184 Aurora Avenue, that Oscar Nelson, a laborer, and his wife, Bertha Nelson, resided at the former nearby 185 Aurora Avenue, that Joseph Thompson, a painter, and his wife, Alma Thompson, and Mrs. Anna Woods, the widow of Joseph Woods and a maid employed by the St. Francis Hotel, resided at the former nearby 186 Aurora Avenue, that Leo V. McCarty, an installer employed by the Twin City Furnace Company, and his wife, Anna McCarty, resided at the former nearby 187 Aurora Avenue, that John J. McInerney and Hubert J. Brandt, a conductor for the Twin City Rapid Transit Company, and his wife, Agnes Brandt, resided at the former nearby 188 Aurora Avenue, that Francis Kane, an expressman, Florence Kane, an operator employed by the Tri State Telephone & Telegraph Company, and Thomas F. Kane and his wife, Mary M. Kane, resided at the former nearby 189 Aurora Avenue, that the former nearby 190 Aurora Avenue was vacant, that G. Louise Maiden, a private secretary employed by the St. Paul Daily News, resided at the former nearby 191 Aurora Avenue, that Roy Barke and his wife, Bertha Barke, resided at the former nearby 192 Aurora Avenue, that Mrs. Martha Ensley and Albert Apland, a painter employed by the Northern Pacific Shops, and his wife, Harriet Apland, resided at the former nearby 193 Aurora Avenue, that Albert Scapanski, a cutter employed by G. J. Weisenbach, and his wife, Vera Scapanski, resided at the former nearby 194 Aurora Avenue, that James H. Lavelle, an attendent at 410 Farrington Avenue, and his wife, Winifred Lavelle, Grace E. LaVelle, a bookkeeper employed by the F. W. Woolworth Company, and Bart F. LaVelle, a salesman employed by W. F. Smith Tire & Battery Company, resided at the former nearby 195 Aurora Avenue, that Thomas Sutton, a machine operator, his wife, Minnie Sutton, Elvis Wilson, a helper, and his wife, Rose Wilson, all resided at the former nearby 196 Aurora Avenue, that John J. Griffin, a driver for the Eagle Laundry Company, and his wife, Sophia Griffin, and Henry E. Ryberg, a linotype operator employed by McGill-Warner Company, and his wife, Louise Ryberg, resided at the former nearby 199 Aurora Avenue, that Peter W. Osander, a chef employed at the Frederic Hotel, and his wife, Josephine Osander, resided at the former nearby 201 Aurora Avenue, that Nathan Nemer, a peddler, his wife, Anna Nemer, and Harry Kanevsky, an instructor at the Progressive Music School, and his wife, Elizabeth Kanevsky, resided at the former nearby 202 Aurora Avenue, that the former nearby 203 Aurora Avenue was vacant, that Mrs. Josephine A. Kramer, the widow of John L. Kramer, resided at the former nearby 204 Aurora Avenue, that Henrietta B. Haas, the widow of Harry J. Haas, resided at the former nearby 205 Aurora Avenue, that John Farrelly, a foreman for the Great Northern RailRoad, and his wife, Bridget Farrelly, resided at the former nearby 206 Aurora Avenue, that Mrs. Emma McKusick, the widow of Charles McKusick, Charles McKusick, an apprentice employed by the Union Depot, and Charles W. McCusick, a switchtender employed by the Union Depot, all resided at the former nearby 207 Aurora Avenue, that Frank C. Winkel, an engineer, and his wife, Anna Winkel, resided at the former nearby 209 Aurora Avenue, that Anthony Ethen, a tinner, his wife, Katie Ethen, and Alois Athan, a mechanic employed by Farwell, Ozmun, Kirk & Company, all resided at the former nearby 210 Aurora Avenue, that A. Lyal Mallory, a driver employed by the Minnesota Milk Company, and his wife, Freda Mallory, resided at the former nearby 211 Aurora Avenue, that Mrs. Mary M. Coe, the widow of Paul J. Coe, Clifford F. Coe, a printer with H. Peltz & Sons, and Cora G. Coe, a student nurse at St. Joseph's Hospital, all resided at the former nearby 213 Aurora Avenue, that Frank C. Kueppers, associated with Jungbauer & Kueppers, an insurance agency, and his wife, Anna F. Kueppers, resided at the former nearby 214 Aurora Avenue, that Hugo R. Volkenant and his wife, Ottilia Volkenant, resided at the former nearby 215 Aurora Avenue, that Richard F. Jones, an engineer at the State Capitol, and his wife, Mabel Jones, and Theo Carlson, a cement worker, and his wife, Theresa Carlson, resided at the former nearby 219 Aurora Avenue, that John C. Hermann, a meat cutter employed by O. E. Weinstein, and his wife, Genevieve Hermann, resided at the former nearby 221 Aurora Avenue, and that Mrs. Belle Manke, the widow of William F. Manke, resided at the former nearby 223 Aurora Avenue. The Cosmopolitan State Bank was founded in 1921 and was located in Stillwater, Minnesota. Jeremiah C. Prendergast was an owner of the Prendergast Brothers plumbing business and his son, James Prendergast, also worked for the Prendergast Brothers. Simon Cohen ( -1930,) John J. McInerney ( -1932,) Julius Rosenthal ( -1933,) Thomas F. Kane ( -1936,) Roy Barke ( -1945,) Ernest E. Moore ( -1945,) Isadore Simon ( -1946,) and Harvey Roof ( -1949) all died in Ramsey County. Frank A. Morrisette ( -1961) was born in Minnesota, had a mother with a maiden name of Phimomenia, and died in Ramsey County. Johanna Christen Broecker (1889-1959) was born in Minnesota and died in Chisago County, Minnesota. William G. Becker ( -1933) and Harriet Apland ( -1945) both died in Hennepin County. Anna Woods (1885-1969) was born outside of Minnesota and died in Ramsey County. Anna Woods (1876-1964) was born outside of Minnesota, had a mother with a maiden name of Dehnoff, and died in Ramsey County. Hubert J. Brandt (1896-1956) was born outside of Minnesota, had a mother with a maiden name of Donahugh, and died in Ramsey County. Francis G. Kane (1906-1967) was born in Minnesota, had a mother with a maiden name of Schmidt, and died in Ramsey County. Francis Raphael Kane (1903-1978) was born in Minnesota, had a mother with a maiden name of Weyman, and died in Dakota County, Minnesota. Gertrude Louise Maiden (1898-1998) was born in Minnesota, had a mother with a maiden name of , and died in Ramsey County. Bertha Barke (1880-1955) was born outside of Minnesota, had a mother with a maiden name of Kanefsky, and died in Ramsey County. Albert L. Scapanski (1905-1964) was born in Minnesota, had a mother with a maiden name of Knafla, and died in Ramsey County. [See the note for Swift & Company for 110 Robie Street West.] [See note on the Crane Company for 936 Goodrich Avenue.] [See note on the Chicago, St. Paul, Minneapolis & Omaha RailRoad for 472 Ohio Street.] [See note on the Cochran-Sargent Company for 79 Western Avenue North.] [See note on the Ford Motor Company for 334 St. Clair Avenue.] [See note on the Twin City Rapid Transit Company for 165 Western Avenue North.] [See note for the Minnesota Milk Company and Old Home Creameries for 234 Ryan Avenue.] [See note for Tri-State Telegraph & Telephone Company for 596 Portland Avenue.] [See note on the Great Northern RailRoad for 280 Maple Street.] [See note on the Northern Pacific RailRoad for 432 Summit Avenue.] [See note for the Union Depot Company for 165 Western Avenue North.] < a href="http://www.angelfire.com/mn/thursdaynighthikes/linwoodwest.html"> [See note on the St. Paul Daily News for 1002 West Linwood Avenue.]
Former 224 Aurora Avenue: The 1916 and 1918 city directories indicate that Mr. and Mrs. J. W. Lux and their daughter resided at this address. The records of the 1919-1920 Minnesota World War I Soldier's Bonus Board (#15601) indicate that William J. Lux (1895- ,) a 1918 draftee and a Sergeant in the 56th Engineers, who was born in St. Paul, had brown eyes, light hair, and a light complexion, was 5' 7" tall, was a grocer at induction, served in the American Expeditionary Force in France, was a grocery manager employed by John W. Lux after the completion of service, and was unmarried, resided with his father, John W. Lux, at this address. The 1924 city directory indicates that Mr. and Mrs. J. W. Lux and their daughter resided at this address. The 1930 city directory indicates that Mrs. Katherine Lux, the widow of John W. Lux, resided at this address. John W. Lux ( -1930) died in Ramsey County. Katherine Lux (1867-1957) was born in Minnesota, had a mother with a maiden name of Thielen, and died in Ramsey County. The property is vacant commercial land. The current owner of record is the University National Bank. The 1916 city directory indicates that Mr. and Mrs. Jacob Coddon resided at the former nearby 230 Aurora Avenue. The records of the 1919-1920 Minnesota World War I Soldier’s Bonus Board (#23087) indicate that Robert A. Manteuffel (1896- ,) a 1918 draftee and a Private in the Engineer Depot Detachment, who was born in St. Paul, had gray eyes, brown hair, and a fair complexion, was 5' 3" tall, was a stationary fireman at induction, served in the American Expeditionary Force in France, was issued two Overseas chevrons, was a bank clerk employed by the First National Bank after the completion of service, and was unmarried, resided at the nearby former 230 Aurora Avenue. The records of the 1919-1920 Minnesota World War I Soldier’s Bonus Board (#23429) indicate that William Charles Gebhard (1893- ,) a 1918 draftee and a Private in Company A of the 132nd Infantry, who was born in St. Paul, had brown eyes, brown hair, and a ruddy complexion, was 5' 7" tall, was a brewer at induction, served in the American Expeditionary Force in France, suffered gun shot wounds in both arms, both legs, and the chest, was employed by Dunwoody Institute after the completion of service, and was unmarried, resided at the nearby former 233 Aurora Avenue. The records of the 1919-1920 Minnesota World War I Soldier’s Bonus Board (#33098) indicate that Robert P. Schaffhausen (1893- ,) a 1918 draftee and a Private in the 34th Engineers, who was born in St. Paul, had brown eyes, brown hair, and a ruddy complexion, was 5' 5 1/2" tall, was a at induction, served in the American Expeditionary Force in France, including the, was a machinist employed by A. Guthrie after the completion of service, and was unmarried, resided at the nearby former 230 Aurora Avenue. The 1920 city directory indicates that Edward Callahan, a stamper, resided at the former nearby 230 Aurora Avenue and that Florence Ferguson, the assistant director of the Church Federation, boarded at the former nearby 235 Aurora Avenue. The 1924 city directory indicates that Mr. and Mrs. M. M. Kanevsky resided at the former nearby 230 Aurora Avenue. [See note on the First National Bank of St. Paul for 331 Maple Street.] [See note on the First National Bank of St. Paul for 331 Maple Street.] [See note on the Kanevskys for 1552-1558 St. Clair Avenue.]
450 Marion Street: The structure is a commercial building. The 2007 Cole Reference Directory indicates that the Sears Roebuck Company was located at this address.
387 Marion Street: Western Sculpture Park; Established in 1998. The 4.49 acre Western Sculpture Park is a model of urban revitalization, after being one of the most neglected and crime-ridden patches of land in St. Paul. The current owner of record is the City of St. Paul. The site of the park once was a staging area for the Red River Ox Cart caravans that travelled back and forth from the Red River of the North valley (i. e. the Fargo-Moorhead area,) where Scottish tenant farmers had relocated and mixed with the Metis (French and Indian mixed bloods) hunters who already lived there, to St. Paul from the 1830's to the 1860's. In an effort to survive, these farmers began trapping and tried to market their furs. The American Fur Company, founded by John Jacob Aster, and located in St. Paul, paid two to four times more for furs than did the British Hudson's Bay Company, so the peasant farmers built their own unique carts to transport furs and goods to St. Paul. The carts were made primarily of oak, cost about $15 to make, and could carry weights of furs and supplies of up to one half ton per cart. They were pulled by an ox or a horse and ran tandem two, three, or more carts together with a driver for each three to five carts. The drivers were called "boisbrule" and their ancestry was a combination of American Indian, Scottish, and French. The ox carts could be heard five miles away because of their squeaky wheels, and they would sometimes travel with as many as 200 carts in a line. Several Red River ox cart trails crossed what is now the St. Paul Midway area, linking the former St. Anthony (now Minneapolis) with St. Paul. The need for the ox carts diminished as the steamboats on the Red River became the new mode for transporting furs and supplies, and eventually, as the railroad replaced steamboats. Around the turn of the 20th Century, this area became the city's first Victorian neighborhood. After a decline in the area's housing stock and the construction of nearby I-94, the site required urban renewal, was acquired by the St. Paul Housing and Redevlopment Agency, and was given to the St. Paul Parks and Recreation Department in 1966. The Fuller Aurora Neighborhood Association spent a decade and a $300,000 capital improvement grant to develop the park. The design of the park was the work of St. Paul City Landscape Architect Jim Brewer. The crushed stone pathways and the format hedge are intended to evoke both the neighborhood's ox cart trail history and Victorian housing heritage. Sculptor John Hock is the curator of the park. Twin blue towers in the median of Marion Street, by Mexican artist Sebastian Enrique Carabajal, serve as a garish park beacon. About 20 other works of public art line the park's gravel paths, including a major centerpiece sculpture from internationally recognized steel-beam artist Mark diSuvero. Sculptures include "Wild Slide" by Peter Lundberg, "Armadillo" by Robert Ressler, "Fallen Leaf" by Karl Ciesluk, "Woods For Trees and Tree Bracelets", "Mute, Beacon, Shift", "Frame" by Shaun Cassidy, "Embracing Reason", "Site of the Source", "Androecium", "Sunstack #1", "Walking Warrior I", "Haints and History" by Preston Jackson, "Harmony VII", and "Chicago Nike". The full circle bench and the half-circle bench were designed by Afton artist and St. Paul Academy and Summit School art teacher Paul Benson, were constructed from light granite, dark granite, and aluminum, and also were intended to evoke the memory of ox cart wheels. Benson also designed the railing at the Marion Street park entrance. The nearby apartment complexes make the neighborhood one of the most densely populated in the city, with 750 households and 450 children, 300 of which are under ten years of age. Preston Jackson (1944- ) is a professor of sculpture at the School of the Art Institute in Chicago, Illinois, and teaches art to both children and adults at the Contemporary Art Center of Peoria, Illinois. Robert Ressler is a New York City sculptor who has exhibited sculpture at sites as diverse as the Jewish Museum, Prospect Park in Brooklyn, Times Square, Riverbank State Park in Harlem, and Wave Hill, the world renowned gardens in Riverdale. Karl Ciesluk is a Canadian sculptor. John Hock (1958- ) is co-founder and artistic director of the Franconia Sculpture Park in Franconia Township (Taylors Falls), Minnesota. Born in England, Shaun Cassidy (1968- ) was educated at the West Surrey College of Art and Design, the Norwich School of Art, and the University of Alberta, Canada, taught at L'Ecole des Beaux Arts in Marseilles, France, was an assistant professor at the Kansas City Art Institute, and served on the faculty at Bennington College, Vermont, before joining the faculty at Winthrop University in South Carolina. Mark DiSuvero (1933 - ) was born in Shanghai, China, received his bachelor's degree from the University of California, Berkeley, and began making large abstract works from structural steel in the 1960's.
375 Marion Street: Built in 1961. The six structures are multifamily apartment buildings. The first building is a three story, 10242 square foot, apartment building. The second building is a three story, 10242 square foot, apartment building. The third building is a three story, 10146 square foot, apartment building. The fourth building is a three story, 10242 square foot, apartment building. The fifth building is a three story, 10146 square foot, apartment building. The sixth building is a three story, 10242 square foot, apartment building. The 2007 Cole Reference Directory indicates that the residents at this address were Vergel M. Anderson, Genep Asfaw, Scott V. Auterino, Karen S. Breen, Anthony Joseph Chulla, Sr., Barbara Cimat, Daniel Griffen, Patrick A. Jackson, L. Jones, Brian Moloitor, David Spangler, and Evelyn Spaulding. The current owner of record of the property is the Capitol Plaza LLC, located in Hastings, Minnesota.
375 St. Anthony Avenue: Ober Community Center; Built in 1945. The structure is a one story, 27968 square foot, recreational facility. The property is tax-exempt property. The 2007 Cole Reference Directory indicates that the King Family Foundation Child Development Center, the Salvation Army, and the Union Gospel Mission were located at this address. The current owner of record of the property is the Union Gospel Mission Association, located at 435 University Avenue East. The Union Gospel Mission of St. Paul, founded in 1902, exists to respond to the needs of homeless and hopeless people in the Twin Cities metro area. The Ober Community Center provides recreational activities, mentorship, personal development classes, educational services, and Christian discipleship to youth ages 12-17. The Citadel Corps runs the Ober Community Center and coordinates the King Family Foundation Child Development Center (CDC.) The 1885 city directory indicates that Mr. and Mrs. A. Swain resided at the former nearby 340 St. Anthony Avenue. The 1887 city directory indicates that Mr. and Mrs. A. Swain and Mr. and Mrs. J. F. Carrer all resided at the former nearby 340 St. Anthony Avenue. The 1918 city directory indicates that Mr. and Mrs. J. P. Funk and Mr. and Mrs. S. L. Duin all resided at the former nearby 343 St. Anthony Avenue, that Mr. and Mrs. Jno. Steinmetz resided at the former nearby 347 St. Anthony Avenue, and that Mr. and Mrs. G. C. MacKnight and their daughters resided at the former nearby 355 St. Anthony Avenue. The 1924 city directory indicates that Mr. and Mrs. John P. Funk, Mrs. P. J. Eiswirth, and Mr. and Mrs. John Steinmetz resided at the former nearby 343 St. Anthony Avenue, that Mr. and Mrs. C. L. Fountaine resided at the former nearby 347 St. Anthony Avenue, and that Mr. and Mrs. G. C. McKnight, K. B. McKnight, and the Misses McKnight resided at the former nearby 355 St. Anthony Avenue. [See note for Edgar Buchanan Ober for 265 South Exchange Street.]
227 Western Avenue North: Built in 1884. The structure is a two story, 1860 square foot, three bedroom, three bathroom, frame house, with a detached garage. The 1930 city directory indicates that this address was vacant. The property was last sold in 1998 with a sale price of $95,000. The current owner of record of the property is Joyce L. Murray, who resides in Lake Elmo, Minnesota. The 1885 city directory indicates that Mr. and Mrs. C. C. Elfelt resided at the former nearby 229 Western Avenue North and that D. H. Horst resided at the former nearby 226 Western Avenue North. The 1887 city directory indicates that Mr. and Mrs. M. G. Brown and C. F. Brown all resided at the former nearby 229 Western Avenue North and that Mr. and Mrs. Archibald MacLean resided at the former nearby 231 Western Avenue North. The 1916 city directory indicates that Mr. and Mrs. M. L. Dillon resided at the former nearby 233 Western Avenue North. Oakland Cemetery Association records indicate that Jay L. Newman resided at the nearby former 230 Western Avenue in 1917. The 1918 city directory indicates that Mr. and Mrs. M. L. Dillon resided at the former nearby 233 Western Avenue. The records of the 1919-1920 Minnesota World War I Soldier's Bonus Board (#2493) indicate that Marquette Harry Smith (1897- ,) a 1917 enlistee and a Fireman First Class in the United States Navy, who was born in Chicago, moved to Minnesota in 1902, had blue eyes, light brown hair, and a ruddy complexion, was 6' tall, weighed 165 lbs., was an express sorter employed by the American Express Company after the completion of service, and was unmarried, resided with his mother, Anna Smith, at the nearby former 229 Western Avenue. Oakland Cemetery Association records indicate that M. Emma Norton resided at the former nearby 228 1/2 Western Avenue North in 1922. The 1930 city directory indicates that Mrs. Elizabeth McMann resided at the former nearby 226 Western Avenue North. The American Express Company was a delivery business established in 1850 in New York City, when the U. S. Postal Service had geographical limits to its sevice and did not accept valuables. From an express company that forwarded freight and valuables, the American Express Company evolved first into a company that created and sold money orders in 1882 and travelers cheques in 1891, then as a company that issues charge cards in 1958, and currently is a global payments company.
225 Western Avenue North: Built in 1884. The structure is a two story, 1956 square foot, three bedroom, two bathroom, frame house, with a detached garage. The 1916 city directory indicates that Mr. and Mrs. H. W. Bowe, Mr. and Mrs. Gunder Torkelson, and Mrs. Dorothy Torkelson all resided at this address. The 1918 city directory indicates that Mr. and Mrs. H. W. Bowe and E. B. Lehmann all resided at this address. The 1920 city directory indicates that Hugh W. Bowe, a plumber located at 376 Dayton Avenue, resided at this address. The 1930 city directory indicates that Hugh W. Bowe, a plumber located at 337 Selby Avenue, his wife, Martha H. Bowe, and Mrs. Amelia J. Lehmann, the widow of Frederick C. Lehman, resided at this address. In 1900, Gunder Torkelson was issued U. S. Patent 663,709 for an improvement in a thill coupling, with one half of the patent assigned to Franklin N. Ryan of St. Paul. A thill coupling is a device for connecting the thill, or pulling shaft of a wagon or other vehicle, to the axle. Martha H. Bowe (1873-1957) was born in Minnesota, had a mother with a maiden name of Haas, and died in Ramsey County. The property was last sold in 2005 with a sale price of $385,900. The previous owner of record of the property was Cristie Maki and the current owners of record of the property are Brian D. Laney and Hollie L. Laney, who reside at Milwaukee, Wisconsin. The 1885 city directory indicates that Mr. and Mrs. S. B. Gault resided at the former nearby 223 Western Avenue North and that Mr. and Mrs. W. L. Mead resided at the former nearby 221 Western Avenue North. The 1887 city directory indicates that S. B. Gault, his daughter, and Miss Kate Clark all resided at the former nearby 223 Western Avenue North and that Mr. and Mrs. W. L. Mead resided at the former 221 Western Avenue North.
355 Marshall Avenue: St. Joseph's Academy/Christ's Household of Faith. The complex includes three buildings, with the 10196 square foot, one story, building #1 built in 1931, the 77855 square foot, four story, building #2 built in 1930, and the 41884 square foot, three story, building #4 built in 1864. The 2007 Cole Reference Directory indicates that Christ's Household of Faith, Christ's Household of Faith Health Department, and North Star Services Auto were located at this address and that Travis C. Walker and Cindy L. Warneke resided at this address. St. Joseph's Academy was founded in 1851. Minnesota Historical Society records indicate that St. Joseph's Academy was located at this address from 1863 to 1972. The former girl's school was established by the Sisters of St. Joseph of Carondolet. The Sisters of St. Joseph of Carondolet were founded at Le Puy, in Velay, France, in 1650. The order of nuns, directed by Rev. Jean Pierre/Jean-Paul Medaille, S.J. (1618-1689), was the third non-cloistered religious order for women, following St. Francis de Sales, who started the Visitandines (the Institute of the Visitation of the Blessed Virgin (1607),) and St. Vincent de Paul, who started the Daughters of Charity (1629.) Members of the new order wore the garb of widows to be seen as respectable when they traveled the streets of Le Puy, France, unaccompanied, performing corporal and spiritual works of mercy by aiding orphans and the poor. The order barely survived the French Revolution, when they became a secret society, caring for the sick and dying, and hiding priests who refused to swear an oath of allegiance to the civil government. Five sisters of St. Joseph were captured and lost their lives to the guillotine. Eventually, Napoleon changed his policies from intolerance to limited approval for "useful" congregations of women. In 1836, a few religious women set sail for the New World, when a measles epidemic struck St. Louis and left scores of children hearing-impaired, and Bishop Joseph Rosati, who knew that the Sisters of St. Joseph taught the deaf in France, begged them to come to America to help. They landed in New Orleans and made their way up the Mississippi river, first settling in Carondelet, Missouri, and then beginning to open schools, orphanages, and hospitals. In 1851, four Sisters of St. Joseph arrived in the former settlement of Pig's Eye, which had only recently been renamed St. Paul. A few days after their arrival, the sisters opened St. Joseph's Academy with one student. In 1851, the shed was the residence hall and the classroom was the vestry of the log cabin chapel. By Fall, 1852, a brick building was erected, with 87 students. The current owner of record of the property is Christ's Household of Faith, Inc. The historic Marshall Avenue complex is valued at $3.3 million. Christ's Household of Faith, Inc., was founded by Donald Alsbury, a self-proclaimed prophet who preaches communal living and a return to Christianity's roots, and traces its roots to Mora, Minnesota. The group incorporated in 1971, moved to St. Paul in 1972, and purchased this property in 1976. The group, with about 500 members, owns at least 43 homes, including dozens of homes near its Marshall Avenue campus, and commercial properties, the vast majority in the Ramsey Hill area of St. Paul. One of its businesses is North Star Kitchens, a high-end home renovation firm. In September, 2006, the church began discussions about selling this six-acre property to the St. Paul College in order to facilitate a possible purchase of and relocation of the school to a 140-acre former reform school for girls near Sauk Centre, Minnesota.
358 Marshall Avenue West: Built in 1884. The structure is a two story, 2008 square foot, eight room, two bathroom, stucco house, with a detached garage. The property was last sold for $245,000 and that sale occurred in 2003. The current owner of record of the property is Wesland LLC, located at 208 Western Avenue North. The 1924 city directory indicates that Mr. and Mrs. E. C. Wendt resided at the former nearby 362 Marshall Avenue West.
370 Marshall Avenue: The 2007 Cole Reference Directory indicates that the residents at this address were A. Adamidis, Michael Amante, Michelle Amante, Gyl Rhonda Anello, Robert Raymond Anello, Margaret M. Betts, Shalabh Bobra, M. Duncan, Gerry Ann Federer, Robert Joel Ferderer, Barbara Jo Foss, John Patrick Foss, Tracy Hasselman, Ryan Howell, Joan Bernadette Johnson, Jayne Jae Jones, Marni Jo Lattimore, Courtney N. Ligday, Timothy Joseph Mattes, Kevin J. Penne, Deborah Ann Reynolds, Scott Michael Robinson, Lorna L. Rupp, Thomas L. Segar, Thomas Segar, Ashley Shams, A. O. Simpson, Shane O. Sondreal, Demetrios J. Stavropoulos, Karl Strohmeier, K. Strohmeiker, Kelly S. Tubbs, Anne K. Utyro, Richard L. Warzecha, and Nicholas Brian Zimmer and that Electronic Artisans Inc., Joseph O'Connor Inc., the Minnesota Transgender Health Coalition, and Paper Street Consulting LLC were located at this address. The Minnesota Transgender Health Coalition is a group of trans and allied community organizers that works to improve health care access and the quality of health care received by trans and gender variant people, including offering professional training on transgender basics and trans specific health concerns to health care professionals, clinic staff, and health care students in Minnesota.
393 Marshall Avenue West: Northern Star Council, Boy Scouts of America, Hulings Scout Service Center (previously the Charles L. Sommers Service Center;) Built in 1966. The structure is a two story, 18274 square foot, office building. The 1916 city directory indicates that Mr. and Mrs. S. G. Goldberg resided at this address. The 1930 city directory indicates that Edward LaVelle, a clerk employed by the St. Paul Union Stockyards Company, Katherine LaVelle, a presser employed by Levering's, Lawrence LaVelle, a checker employed by the St. Paul Union Stockyards Company, Lenora LaVelle, a saleswoman, Thomas LaVelle, his wife, Sarah La Velle, and Walter T. LaVelle, a pressman employed by West Publishing Company, resided at this address. In 1910, a group of 26 St. Paul business and professional men, led by C. F. Proctor, a friend of Robert S. S. Baden-Powell, the founder of the Boy Scout Movement in England, organized the Ramsey County Troop #1 of the Boy Scouts of America. The initial executive board of the council included Foster Hannaford, Clarence B. Randall, George M. Brack, Frank R. Neibel, Charles L. Sommers, Hon. Grier M. Orr, Hon. Carlton F. McNally, Charles Bunn, Webster Wheelock, and Frederic D. McCarthy. The council moved to this location in 1967. Previously, it was located in the Dispatch Building (1910-1911), the Endicott Building (1912-1915), the Old Capitol Building (1916-1925), the Wilder Building (1926-1945), the St. Paul Building (1946-1952), and at 266 Summit Avenue (1953-1966). The building was totally reconstructed in 1998 and was rededicated as the Hulings Scout Service Center to honor the long commitment and support of Betty Hulings and A. D. "Bill" Hulings of Bayport. The primary council staffers have been J. A. Wauchope (1910-1913), E. B. Palmer (1913-1915), H. S. Sorels (1915), Frank R. Neibel (1915-1937), Elmaar Bakken (1937-1940), Paul L. Hesser, Sr. (1940-1960), L. Robert Kilmer (1961-1966), Carl M. Martindell (1967-1970), Norman E. Swails (1970-1978), Ronald A. Phillippo (1978-2000), and John R. Andrews (2000- .) In 2005, the Indianhead Council (St. Paul based) and the Viking Council (Minneapolis based) consolidated to become a single council which serves more than 108,000 youths and families in all or part of 21 counties in Minnesota (Anoka, Carver, Chippewa, Chisago, Dakota, Hennepin, Isanti, Kandiyohi, Lac Qui Parle, Le Sueur, McLeod, Meeker, Ramsey, Renville, Rice, Scott, Washington, Wright, and Yellow Medicine, and portions of Stearns and Swift) and four counties in Western Wisconsin (Pierce, St. Croix, Polk, and Burnett,) operates two council service centers and eight different camp properties located in Minnesota and Wisconsin, and utilizes 23,000 volunteers. The council is led by a volunteer board of directors of 57 members, charters 1,801 Scouting units, employs 98 full-time paid staff and 20 permanent part-time paid staff, and employs nearly 500 seasonal employees deliver camping programs and outdoor adventure in the summer and winter months with a 2006 budget of $12.1 million. The Hannaford Aircraft Company, founded in 1923, eventually located in Glenview, Illinois, and marketing plans for the "Hannaford Rose Parrakeet" and "Hannaford Bee" airplanes, had Foster Hannaford, Jr. (1913-1971,) as its owner. Foster Hannaford, Jr., of Minneapolis, purchased the salvaged remains of a crashed Northrop Alpha c/n11, registered NC986Y, in 1938, planning to rebuild the aircraft and retaining its registration until 1948 and also purchased an intact Alpha NC11Y in 1945, which, after restoration, is on display at the National Air and Space Museum. Alice Ida Hannaford was the wife of Foster Hannaford and corresponded with Booker T. Washington. Charles L. Sommers (1870-1964) was born outside of Minnesota, had a mother with a maiden name of Stern, and died in Ramsey County. Clarence B. Randall (1882-1963) was born in Minnesota, had a mother with a maiden name of Stone, and died in Ramsey County. Clarence B. Randall was a lawyer and was the counsel for the United States Independent Telephone Association and the Tri-State Telephone and Telegraph Company in 1927, filing an amici curiae brief in the initial hearing of the case of Roy Olmstead v. United States of America. Clarence B. Randall, of Chicago in 1928, was a counsel for the Pacific Telephone & Telegraph Company, the American Telephone & Telegraph Company, the United States Independent Telephone Association, and the Tri-State Telephone & Telegraph Company, filing an amici curiae brief in the case of Olmstead v. United States of America, 277 U.S. 438 (1928.) George McKenzie Brack (1880-1976) was born in Minnesota, had a mother with a maiden name of Hudson, and died in Goodhue County, Minnesota. Grier M. Orr ( -1939) died in Ramsey County. Grier M. Orr was the first judge of a juvenile court in Ramsey County in 1907. Carlton F. McNally (1886- ) resided at 705 West Linwood Avenue from 1916 to 1919, was a lawyer who officed in the Commerce Building in 1915, was a First Lieutenant in World War I, and was a Minnesota district court judge in 1943. Charles W. Bunn ( -1941) died in Ramsey County. Charles W. Bunn had a summer house built by Cass Gilbert at 2550 Manitou Island in White Bear Lake in 1895. Charles W. Bunn was a lawyer and was involved in the U. S. Supreme Court cases Northern Securities Company v. United States, 193 U.S. 197 (1904,) Northern Lumber Company v. O'Brien, 204 U.S. 190 (1907,) Northern Pacific Railway Company v. State Of Minnesota, 208 U.S. 583 (1908,) Interstate Commerce Commission v. Northern Pacific Railway Company, 216 U.S. 538 (1910,) Chicago, St. Paul, Minneapolis, & Omaha Railway Company v. United States, 217 U.S. 180 (1910,) Weyerhaeuser v. Hoyt, 219 U.S. 380 (1911,) Northern Pacific Railway Company v. Wass, 219 U.S. 426 (1911,) Northern Pacific Railway Company v. Trodick, 221 U.S. 208 (1911,) Simpson v. Shepard, 230 U.S. 352 (1913,) Northern Pacific Railway Company v. State Of North Dakota On Relation Of T. F. McCue, 236 U.S. 585 (1915,) West v. Edward Rutledge Timber Company, 244 U.S. 90 (1917,) Wallace v. Hines, 253 U.S. 66 (1920,) United States v. Northern Pacific Railway Company, 254 U.S. 251 (1920,) State Of North Dakota ex rel Lemke v. Chicago & Northwestern Railway Company, 257 U.S. 485 (1922,) Fullerton-Krueger Lumber Company v. Northern Pacific Railway Company, 266 U.S. 435 (1925,) Willcuts v. Bunn, 282 U.S. 216 (1931,) and was the special master for the Court in State Of Connecticut v. Commonwealth Of Massachusetts, 283 U.S. 789 (1931.) Camp Neibel, named for Frank Neibel, was a 101 acre property, located in Balsam Lake, Wisconsin, that was a scout camp for the former Indianhead Council in the 1940's and the early 1950's and was replaced by Tomahawk Camp, 1,932 acres of land with over eight miles of shoreline on Long Lake, Wisconsin, that was purchased in 1953 from Aksel Nielsen, a restaurateur from Illinois, who had originally intended to raise cattle on the property. The camp's total acreage has increased to 2,500 and Tomahawk Scout Camp is now among the largest and most prominent Scout reservations in the world. The 1916 city directory indicates that Mr. and Mrs. J. F. Galvin resided at the former nearby 390 Marshall Street, that Mr. and Mrs. A. H. Hall resided at the former nearby 395 Marshall Street, and that Mr. and Mrs. Jacob Fink, C. S. Kuhles, and Mr. and Mrs. A. J. Wolf all resided at the former nearby 397 Marshall Street. The 1924 city directory indicates that Mr. and Mrs. J. C. Brown resided at the former nearby 395 Marshall Avenue and that Mr. and Mrs. C. A. Bassford resided at the former nearby 397 Marshall Avenue. The Chicago & North Western Railway was a Class I railroad in the Midwest United States that operated more than 5,000 miles of track as of the turn of the 20th century and over 12,000 miles of track in seven states before retrenchment in the late 1970's. The Chicago & North Western Railroad was chartered in 1848, purchased the assets of the bankrupt Chicago, St. Paul & Fond du Lac RailRoad, merged with the Galena & Chicago Union RailRoad in 1865, obtained a majority of the stock of the Chicago, St. Paul, Minneapolis & Omaha Railway in 1882 and merged it in 1972, and became one of the longest railroads in the United States as a result of mergers with several other railroads. The company was purchased by Union Pacific Railroad in 1995 and ceased to exist. [See note for St. Paul Union Stockyards for 537 Ohio Street.] [See note for Tri-State Telegraph & Telephone Company for 596 Portland Avenue.] [See note for Joseph A. Wauchope for 262 Winifred Street West.]
208 Western Avenue North: Former Marquettte Apartments/Former Westholm Apartments; Built in 1919. The structure is a three story, 21824 square foot, multifamily apartment building. Minnesota Historical Society records indicate that the Marquette Apartments was located at this address from 1919 to 1934 and that the Westholm Apartments was located at this address beginning in 1935. The records of the 1919-1920 Minnesota World War I Soldier's Bonus Board (#4734) indicate that Florence E. Olund (1893- ,) a 1918 enlistee and a Reserve Nurse in the Army Nurse Corps, who was born in Duluth, Minnesota, was a graduate nurse after the completion of service, and was unmarried, resided at this address. The 1920 city directory indicates that Dorothy G. Curley, office secretary and registrar at the Nichols Expert Business and Secretarial School, Harold C. Curley, a dentist who officed at the Hamm Building, Adam DeFea, a mechanic employed by the Central Garage, and Anna Doyle, the widow of James Doyle, all resided at this address, that Margaret Doyle, a teacher at the Lincoln School, and Mary Doyle, a stenographer employed by W. P. O'Brien, both boarded at this address, that Abbie T. Duncan, a stenographer employed by the Department of Insurance, boarded at this address, and that Lillian Ebinger, a clerk employed by the Central Warehouse Lumber Company, resided at this address. The 1924 city directory indicates that Mr. and Mrs. H. E. Hanscum, Mr. and Mrs. H. W. Libby, Miss May Mills, Mr. and Mrs. R. E. Sanford, and Mrs. L. L. Schaefer all resided at this address. The 1930 city directory indicates that the residents at this address were Eugene J. Keough, a paving contractor, and his wife, Ruth Keough (Apartment A,) Katherine E. Tosney, an operator employed by McKibbin, Driscoll & Dorsey Company, and Winifred E. Tosney, a stenographer employed by the Great Northern RailRoad (Apartment #401,) Mrs. Bernadetta Seippel, a demonstrator employed by the Golden Rule, Alvin Seippel, a clerk employed by the First National Bank, and Wilfred Seippel, a doorman employed by Finch, Van Slyck & McConville (Apartment #402,) Beulah Wetterlind, a nurse employed by the Gillette State Hospital, and Inez Wetterlind, a stenographer employed by Montgomery Ward & Company (Apartment #403,) Alice O'Toole (Apartment #405,) Florence Bernetz, a nurse, Frank Vavra, a salesman employed by Extension Magazine, and his wife, Florence A. Vavra (Apartment #407,) Isabell C. Strunk, a bookkeeper employed by the Freeman Thompson Shoe Company, and Bertha G. Strunk, a demonstrator (Apartment #502,) Reuben Steinman, an agent employed by the Prudential Insurance Company, and his wife, Mary Steinman (Apartment #503,) Norman L. Wright, a rodman employed by the Chicago, St. Paul, Minneapolis & Omaha RailRoad, and his wife, Myrtle Wright, a saleswoman employed by the Golden Rule (Apartment #504,) Frank Swan, a salesman employed by the Fuller Brush Company (Apartment #505,) Mabel H. Aalberg, a stenographer with Todd Fosness & Green, (Apartment #506,) Walter Stevens, an insurance agent (Apartment #507,) Marie N. Scott, a commercial artist (Apartment #508,) Marguerite Lutgen, a laboratory assistant employed by Ancker Hospital (Apartment #601,) Ann E. Miller (Apartment #602,) Philip A. Rosen, a salesman employed by E. E. Atkinson & Company (Apartment #603,) John R. Foster, an electrician's helper, and his wife, Flora Foster, (Apartment #606,) Joseph J. Murphy, a salesman (Apartment #607,) and Pauline M. Dowe, a cashier with the Great Northern RailRoad (Apartment #608,) with Apartments #404, #406, #408, #501, #604, and #605 vacant. The 2007 Cole Reference Directory indicates that the residents at this address were Kassi Anderson, P. J. Bovio, Sue Byl, Derek Clever, Sarah Fisher, Scott Flaherty, Jodi Furness, Danie Joseph Gilbert, Lisa Graff, Christopher S. Kelsey, Lorna Larson, Christopher H. McCambridge, John Edmund McCambridge, Maureen Ann McDaniel, Brian Nelson, Brian Andrew Pergament, Heidi E. Pergament, Macario M. Saulog, Yolanda Pascua Saulog, Erin Schmickle, and Cristie A. Maki. Frank Swan ( -1939) and Katherine Tosney ( -1948) died in Ramsey County. Alice O'Toole ( -1954) died in Hennepin County. Beulah La Taine Wetterlind (1904-1991) was born in Minnesota, had a mother with a maiden name of La Taine, and died in Ramsey County. Frank Raymond Vavra (1898-1964) was born outside of Minnesota, had a mother with a maiden name of Bruzek, and died in Hennepin County. Marie Nanny Scott (1887-1968) was born in Minnesota, had a mother with a maiden name of Peterson, and died in Ramsey County. Marguerite C. Lutgen (1904-1973) was born outside of Minnesota, had a mother with a maiden name of Brown, and died in Ramsey County. Philip Albert Rosen (1902-1979) was born outside of Minnesota, had a mother with a maiden name of Stoneman, and died in Hennepin County. Pergola Management LLC is located at Unit D at this address. Brian Pergament is the President of Pergola Management LLC. Alfred Carl Fuller (1885-1973,) an entrepreneur from Welsford, Nova Scotia, who initially moved to Boston, founded the Fuller Brush Company in 1906, making well-made brushes and selling them door-to-door using commission-only salesmen at a time when only poor quality brushes were sold in that manner. The firm moved to Hartford, Connecticut, and grew from a set of custom-made brushes to a manufacturer of 2,000 home/business care and personal care products. From an initial investment of $375 in 1906, the company grew to a $1 million per year business in 1919 and to a $109 million in 1960. Alfred C. Fuller was named to the the Horatio Alger Association of Distinguished Americans in 1957. The Hartt School, an internationally acclaimed conservatory with innovative programs in music, dance, and theatre and one of the institutions that founded the University of Hartford in 1957, was a primary beneficiary of the philanthropy of Alfred C. Fuller and his wife, Mary Primrose Fuller. Extension Magazine was a monthly religious magazine that regularly published fiction during the 1930's, was published by the Catholic Church Extension Society, and was edited by Rev. W. D. O'Brien. The last sale of this property was in 1999 and the sale price was $1,685,000. The current owner of record of the property is American Property Financing, located in New York, New York. [See note on the Great Northern RailRoad for 280 Maple Street.] [See note on the Chicago, St. Paul, Minneapolis & Omaha RailRoad for 472 Ohio Street.] [See note on the First National Bank of St. Paul for 331 Maple Street.] < a href="http://www.angelfire.com/mn/thursdaynighthikes/irvine_arch2.html"> [See note for Anker Hospital for 265 Nugent Street.] [See note on the Fuller Brush Company for 208 Western Avenue North.]
204 Western Avenue North: Former Marquettte Apartments/Former Westholm Apartments; Built in 1919. The structure is a three story, 21824 square foot, multifamily apartment building. Minnesota Historical Society records indicate that the Marquette Apartments was located at this address from 1919 to 1934 and that the Westholm Apartments was located at this address beginning in 1935. The 1920 city directory indicates that B. H. Bain, a mechanic employed by the St. Paul Gas Light Company, and Arthur R. Berreau, a salesman employed by the National Candy Company, both resided at this address and that Alice Bushnell, the widow of Fred H. Bushnell, resided at this address. The 1924 city directory indicates that Mr. and Mrs. J. B. Brandell, Mr. and Mrs. F. E. Brandner, Rev. L. R. S. Ferguson, Mr. and Mrs. E. C. Hellweg, Mr. and Mrs. Thomas Moss, and Mr. and Mrs. Jacob Segal, all resided at this address. The 1930 city directory indicates that the residents of the Marquette Apartments apartment building located at this address were Herman R. Dalege, a janitor at The Marquette Apartments, and his wife, Augusta Dalege (Apartment #101,) Earl E. Wolfe, a chauffeur, and his wife, Hazel Wolfe (Apartment #102,) Mrs. Charlotte Swan, the widow of Myron Swan (Apartment #103,) William M. Halvorseth, an salesman, and his wife, Laura Halvorseth (Apartment #104,) Charles F. Graf, a clerk employed by the Northern States Power Company, and his wife, Ruth Graf (Apartment #105,) Lloyd M. Green, a salesman employed by the St. Paul Milk Company (Apartment #106,) Harry B. Davidson, an engineer with the Daily News Publishing, and his wife, Violet Davidson, (Apartment #107,) Mrs. Cora Kilty, the widow of Raymond J. Kilty (Apartment #201,) Ferdinand L. Daman, a clerk, and his wife, Ann Daman, (Apartment #202,) Vivian M. Lancaster, a stenographer (Apartment #203,) Mrs. Myrtle Major, the widow of Frank M. Major and a saleswoman (Apartment #204,) Esther Moran, a home economics consultant (Apartment #205,) Gerald P. Dykstra, a clerk with Railway Mail Service (Apartment #206,) Eleonora F. Deem, a teacher at Mechanic Arts High School (Apartment #207,) Harold A. Hawley, a clerk employed by the Great Northern RailRoad, and his wife, Gretta Hawley (Apartment #208,) Hazel Lutjen, an operator employed by the Quality Package Box Company (Apartment #304,) Marie H. Rudd, the widow of Charles Rudd (Apartment #305,) and Winifred Vogt, a bookkeeper employed by the Tri-State Telephone & Telegraph Company (Apartment #306,) with Apartments #108, #301, #302, #303, #307, and #308 vacant. The 2007 Cole Reference Directory indicates that the residents at this address were Karen Brungrag, Meaghan J. Butzer, Matthew P. Chaplin, Derek Erin Durum, Robyn J. Durum, Jon Fish, Daniel Fox, Andrea Heezen, Keith Hulbert, Danielle Jean Ibister, Robert C. Jorgenson, Molly Larson, Tim W. Larson, C. Lownds, Megan L. Nepstad, Toni Marie Peterson, Melanie Walker, and Paul C. Yau. The property was last sold in 1999 with a sale price of $1,685,000. The current owner of record of the property is American Property Financing, located in New York, New York. [See note on the Great Northern RailRoad for 280 Maple Street.] [See note on the Northern States Power Company for 21-27 South St. Albans Street.] [See note for Tri-State Telegraph & Telephone Company for 596 Portland Avenue.] [See note on Railway Mail Service for 360 Maria Avenue.] [See note on the St. Paul Gas & Light Company for 761 West Linwood Avenue.]
201 Western Avenue North: Captured Visions Gallery and Custom Framing is located at this address. The 1885 city directory indicates that Mr. and Mrs. J. R. Wolff resided at the former nearby 200 Western Avenue North.
198 Western Avenue North: Built in 1900. The structure is a three story, 38276 square foot, commercial building. The 2007 Cole Reference Directory indicates that Advance Family Dental was located at this address and that Joshua B. Richardson, Regina D. Richardson, and Paul K. Zol all resided at this address. The YWCA St. Paul Career and Community Learning Center once was located at this address. The Young Women's Christian Association (YWCA) was formed in London by Emma Roberts and Mrs. Arthur Kinnaird in 1855 and the YWCA movement was introduced to the United States in 1858, when New York City and Boston opened women's residences. The YWCA opened the first boarding house for female students, teachers and factory workers in New York City in 1860, as women moved from farms to cities. In 1894, the U. S. American Committee, England, Sweden, and Norway joined together to create the World YWCA. The YWCA adopted its Interracial Charter in 1946, eight years before the U. S. Supreme Court decision against segregation in Brown v. Board of Education, 347 U.S. 483 (1954.) The National Board of the YWCA became a sponsoring agency in 1963 for the summer March On Washington in support of civil rights. The National Board voted support for a Direct Action Program, which was a two-year project to complete desegregation of Community YWCAs. In 1998, a major reorganization of the YWCA of the U.S.A. was inaugurated and the YWCA shifted from a top down to a bottom up grassroots organization. The current owner of record of the property is the YWCA of St. Paul, located at 375 Selby Avenue.
193 Western Avenue North: The property is tax-exempt property. The property was last sold for $20,000 and that sale occurred in 1994. The current owner of record of the property is the YWCA of St. Paul, located at 375 Selby Avenue.
191 Western Avenue North: Built in 1884. The structure is a three story, 5704 square foot, commercial building. The AA Market is located at this address. The 1930 city directory indicates that Orville G. Young, a restauranteer, resided at this address. The 2007 Cole Reference Directory indicates that AA Market was located at this address and that Andrew J. Gifford, Jackie Linton, Andrew Madland, and Emily Madland all resided at this address. The current owner of record of the property is Steven E. Wirth, located in Bloomington, Minnesota. The 1885 city directory indicates that Mr. and Mrs. C. McClellan resided at the former nearby 180 North Western Avenue and that Mrs. W. S. Hall and Albert S. Hall resided at the former nearby 178 North Western Avenue. The 1887 city directory indicates that Mr. and Mrs. J. R. Wolff resided at the former nearby 186 Western Avenue North, that Mr. and Mrs. Frank H. Hainert resided at the corner of Western Avenue North and Selby Avenue, and that Mr. and Mrs. J. N. Johnson resided at the former nearby 175 Western Avenue North. The 1920 city directory indicates that George H. Dusty was a baker with a shop located at the former nearby 180 Western Avenue North. The 1930 city directory indicates that Julius G. Langer, a shoe rebuilder, was located at the former nearby 189 Western Avenue North and resided at 721 Lee Avenue, that Sam Lee, a laundry operator, and his wife, Shee Lee, resided at the former nearby 187 Western Avenue North, that the Ruby Motor Car Company, an automobile dealer, was located at the former nearby 184 Western Avenue North, that John W. Egan, a confectioner, and his wife, Florence Egan, resided at the former nearby 183 Western Avenue North, that Hill Market, a meat market, was located at the former nearby 182 Western Avenue North, that the former nearby 181 1/2 Western Avenue North was vacant, that Phillip J. Dinkel, a baker, and his wife, Anastasia Dinkel, resided at the former nearby 181 Western Avenue North, that Anderson & Company, bakers, was located at the former nearby 180 Western Avenue North, that Ludwig T. Peterson, a tailor with a shop located at 422 Selby Avenue, and Mrs. Sadie Stewart, the widow of Ronald Stewart, resided at the former nearby 179 1/2 Western Avenue North, that Mrs. Rosa Ehrmanntraut, a meat market operator and the widow of Charles Ehrmanntraut, resided at the former nearby 179 Western Avenue North, that Fred J. Whitehead, a barber, his wife, Anna Whitehead, and Alice R. Norton, a beauty parlor operator that was located at the former nearby 178 Western Avenue North, and that Abr. M. Zeff was a grocer with a store located at the former nearby 176 Western Avenue North.
173 Western Avenue North: Built in 1963. The property is a one story, 13710 square foot, tax-exempt property. The 1887 city directory indicates that Mr. and Mrs. H. Doench resided at this address. The 1930 city directory indicates that Schroeder & Amiot, a grocery, was located at this address. The 2007 Cole Reference Directory indicates that the Selby Area Business Association was located at this address. The current owner of record is the College of Associated Arts. The College of Visual Arts Main Gallery is located at this address. The College of Visual Arts, located at 344 Summit Avenue, is a private, accredited, four year college of art and design offering Bachelor of Fine Arts degrees in communication, design, illustration, photography, and the fine arts. The 1885 city directory indicates that Dr. and Mrs. Jay Owens resided at the former nearby 172 Western Avenue North and that Mr. and Mrs. Gardiner S. Moore resided at the former nearby 170 Western Avenue North. The 1887 city directory indicates that Dr. and Mrs. Jay Owens and H. S. Hicks all resided at the former nearby 172 Western Avenue North, that Mr. and Mrs. J. H. McAfee and Mr. and Mrs. N. McAfee all resided at the former nearby 170 Western Avenue North, that Mr. and Mrs. N. R. Frost resided at the former nearby 169 Western Avenue North, and that Mr. and Mrs. Mr. and Mrs. C. N. McLain resided at the former nearby 168 Western Avenue North.
360-378 Selby Avenue: Dakotah Building/W. A. Frost Restaurant; Built in 1886 (1889 according to Ramsey County property tax records) and rennovated in 1974; Romanesque Revival in style; Hennessey Brothers, Agnew & Cox, original architects; Hennessey brothers, original builders. The building has arched doorways and windows, copper cornices, and walls of sandstone and brick. The foundation stone blocks for the building are set 14 feet below grade. Construction of the building cost $70,000. Originally, the upper floors were apartments, with fireplaces, ornate plasterwork, tile floors, electric doorbells, and a system of speaking tubes. Originally, the main floor of the Dacotah Building housed a ladies' bath and manicure establishment and the William A. Frost pharmacy. After World War II, W. A. Frost & Company closed its doors. The 2007 Cole Reference Directory indicates that Ridge Associates Insurance, Greg Stern Psyd., Top Dog Grill, Virtual Medical Systems Inc., 106 Group Ltd., Barnaby Company, Id Insight Inc., J. M. Peterson and Associates Inc., Junior League of St. Paul, Orion Corporation of Minnesota, Reeher Group LLC, Scout Intl. LLC, Scranton Service Group, Team Informatics Inc., Tuohy Furniture Corp., and W. A. Frost all were located at this address. William A. Frost ( -1930) died in Ramsey County. Hennessey Brothers, Agnew & Cox, a St. Paul construction firm, also was the construction contractor for the Endicott Building in downtown St. Paul, built in 1891.
165 Western Avenue North: Albion Hotel/Angus Hotel/Blair Flats/The Blair Arcade. Built in 1888 (1887 and modified in 1893 and 1911 according to Ramsey County property tax records; 1893 according to other sources;) Victorian/Late Victorian/High Victorian/Queen Anne in style; William H. Thomas and Hermann Kretz, architects. The property is a combination commercial and residential condominium brick building. The rounded tower at the building's northeastern comer is its focal point. Other important features are orate pressed metal three-sided oriel windows which extend from the cornice above the storefront all the way to the top of the fifth floor windows, with more orate decorative metal work above that. The building is on the National Register of Historic Places. Unit 1 is a commercial portion of the structure, currently owned by Ted Glasrud Associates Inc. of Minneapolis. Unit 2 is a commercial portion of the structure, currently owned by Ted Glasrud Associates Inc. of Minneapolis. Unit 200 is a 800 square foot, one bedroom, one bathroom, condominium unit, with the last sale of the unit occurring in 2003 at a sale price of $195,000, and is currently owned by Victoria E. Jacobson. Unit 201 is a 700 square foot, one bedroom, one bathroom, condominium unit, with the last sale of the unit occurring in 2001 at a sale price of $130,000, and is currently owned by John H. Holtan. Unit 202 is a 1050 square foot, two bedroom, one bathroom, condominium unit, with the last sale of the unit occurring in 1994 at a sale price of $79,500, and is currently owned by Jobeth Marshall. Unit 203 is a 1275 square foot, two bedroom, one bathroom, condominium unit, with the last sale of the unit occurring in 2002 at a sale price of $232,000, and is currently owned by Harriet S. Chapman. Unit 204 is a 1400 square foot, two bedroom, two bathroom, condominium unit, with the last sale of the unit occurring in 1995 at a sale price of $109,000, and is currently owned by Deadra M. Dahl and John L. Rodman. Unit 205 is a 1050 square foot, two bedroom, one bathroom, condominium unit, and is currently owned by Marie A. Malanaphy. Unit 206 is a 1175 square foot, two bedroom, one bathroom, condominium unit, with the last sale of the unit occurring in 1995 at a sale price of $84,000, and is currently owned by Helga Kroll. Unit 207 is a 1225 square foot, two bedroom, two bathroom, condominium unit, with the last sale of the unit occurring in 1998 at a sale price of $119,000, and is currently owned by Richard B. Flatz. Unit 208 is a 1275 square foot, three bedroom, two bathroom, condominium unit, with the last sale of the unit occurring in 1993 at a sale price of $75,000, and is currently owned by Patricia L. Mitchell and Elmer L. Pierre. Unit 209 is a 975 square foot, one bedroom, one bathroom, condominium unit, with the last sale of the unit occurring in 2003 at a sale price of $246,900, and is currently owned by William P. Alexander. Unit 210 is a 1250 square foot, two bedroom, one bathroom, condominium unit, with the last sale of the unit occurring in 2004 at a sale price of $269,900, and is currently owned by Don M. Mason. Unit 300 is an 800 square foot, one bedroom, one bathroom, condominium unit, with the last sale of the unit occurring in 2002 at a sale price of $220,000, and is currently owned by Justin Newhall and Philip Newhall. Unit 301 is a 700 square foot, one bedroom, one bathroom, condominium unit, with the last sale of the unit occurring in 1999 at a sale price of $93,000, and is currently owned by Robert D. Yates. Unit 302 is a 1050 square foot, two bedroom, one bathroom, condominium unit, with the last sale of the unit occurring in 1993 at a sale price of $62,500, and is currently owned by Mark R. Johnson. Unit 303 is a 1275 square foot, two bedroom, one bathroom, condominium unit, with the last sale of the unit occurring in 1997 at a sale price of $105,500, and is currently owned by Brian R. Genesky. Unit 304 is a 1400 square foot, two bedroom, two bathroom, condominium unit, and is currently owned by D. Cheryl Medintz and Earl Medintz. Unit 307 is a 1223 square foot, two bedroom, two bathroom, condominium unit, and is currently owned by Naomi M. Quillopa and Warren V. Schubert, who reside in Shoreview, Minnesota. Unit 308 is a 1400 square foot, three bedroom, two bathroom, condominium unit, with the last sale of the unit occurring in 2001 at a sale price of $225,000, and is currently owned by Kevin T. Fenton and Ellen F. Shaffer. Unit 309 is a 975 square foot, one bedroom, one bathroom, condominium unit, with the last sale of the unit occurring in 2003 at a sale price of $220,000, and is currently owned by Amy Thul. Unit 310 is a 1250 square foot, two bedroom, one bathroom, condominium unit, with the last sale of the unit occurring in 2003 at a sale price of $224,000, and is currently owned by Diane L. Tannehill and Robert C. Tannehill. Unit 400 is a 1500 square foot, two bedroom, two bathroom, condominium unit, with the last sale of the unit occurring in 1994 at a sale price of $110,000. Unit 402 is a 1050 square foot, two bedroom, one bathroom, condominium unit, with the last sale of the unit occurring in 1993 at a sale price of $55,000, and is currently owned by the Blair House Residence Condominium Association, located in Golden Valley, Minnesota. Unit 403 is a 1275 square foot, two bedroom, two bathroom, condominium unit, with the last sale of the unit occurring in 1999 at a sale price of $169,900, and is currently owned by Fred T. McGrath. Unit 404 is a 1400 square foot, two bedroom, two bathroom, condominium unit, with the last sale of the unit occurring in 1994 at a sale price of $97,500, and is currently owned by August S. Caron and Patricia C. Caron. Unit 405 is a 1050 square foot, two bedroom, one bathroom, condominium unit, and is currently owned by Neil E. Anderson and Susan L. Rosenberg. Unit 406 is a 1175 square foot, two bedroom, one bathroom, condominium unit, with the last sale of the unit occurring in 1997 at a sale price of $103,000, and is currently owned by James W. Concidine. Unit 407 is a 1225 square foot, two bedroom, two bathroom, condominium unit, with the last sale of the unit occurring in 1994 at a sale price of $76,250, and is currently owned by Lawrence Fuchsberg, who resides at 1631 Highland Parkway. Unit 408 is a 1400 square foot, three bedroom, two bathroom, condominium unit, with the last sale of the unit occurring in 1994 at a sale price of $81,000, and is currently owned by Timothy W. Jorissen. Unit 409 is a 975 square foot, one bedroom, one bathroom, condominium unit, with the last sale of the unit occurring in 1993 at a sale price of $73,500, and is currently owned by Marta Tackas. Unit 410 is a 1250 square foot, two bedroom, one bathroom, condominium unit, with the last sale of the unit occurring in 1996 at a sale price of $116,660, and is currently owned by Margaret T. Kyne. Unit 500 is a 800 square foot, one bedroom, one bathroom, condominium unit, with the last sale of the unit occurring in 1995 at a sale price of $46,000, and is currently owned by Kip L. Lily. Unit 501 is a 700 square foot, one bedroom, one bathroom, condominium unit, and is currently owned by James R. McDonagh and Louise M. McDonagh. Unit 502 is a 1050 square foot, two bedroom, one bathroom, condominium unit, with the last sale of the unit occurring in 2004 at a sale price of $254,000, and is currently owned by Melinda Breva and Lance R. Fensterman. Unit 503 is a 1275 square foot, two bedroom, one bathroom, condominium unit, with the last sale of the unit occurring in 2001 at a sale price of $200,000, and is currently owned by Aimee L. Hanson. Unit 504 is a 1400 square foot, two bedroom, two bathroom, condominium unit, with the last sale of the unit occurring in 1998 at a sale price of $175,000, and is currently owned by Kim W. Jenkins and Marilyn J. Jenkins. Unit 505 is a 1050 square foot, two bedroom, one bathroom, condominium unit, and is currently owned by Victor A. Bloomfield. Unit 506 is a 1175 square foot, two bedroom, one bathroom, condominium unit, and is currently owned by Victor A. Bloomfield. Unit 507 is a 1225 square foot, two bedroom, two bathroom, condominium unit, with the last sale of the unit occurring in 1993 at a sale price of $90,000, and is currently owned by Peter W. Fish and E. Caroline Gale. Unit 508 is a 1400 square foot, three bedroom, two bathroom, condominium unit, with the last sale of the unit occurring in 2002 at a sale price of $255,000, and is currently owned by Kathleen M. Bellus. Unit 509 is a 975 square foot, one bedroom, one bathroom, condominium unit, with the last sale of the unit occurring in 1992 at a sale price of $72,000, and is currently owned by Michelle J. Rookey. Unit 510 is a 1250 square foot, two bedroom, one bathroom, condominium unit, with the last sale of the unit occurring in 1998 at a sale price of $169,000, and is currently owned by Cristina A. Baker and J. J. Kuhn. The Minnesota Association for Children's Mental Health is located at Suite 2. The Inter Faculty Organization, representing the Minnesota State Colleges and Universities (MnSCU) State University faculty, offices at Suite 8. The Minnesota Community College Faculty Association is also located at this address. Hooker & Company, an advertising and direct mail business, is located at Suite 12. The Mortgage Bankers Association is located at Suite 12. The St. Paul office of Congresswoman Betty McCollum is located at Suite 17. Miller & Fein Instruments, makers, restorers, and dealers of violins, violas, cellos, and bows, is also located at this address. The Estetica Salon, Local Color, the BTF Gallery, Nina's Coffee Cafe, and Common Good Books, owned by Garrison Keillor, also are located at this address. The building was originally built as the Blair Flats, was converted to a residential hotel and was renamed the Albion Hotel in 1893, then was renamed the Angus Hotel in 1911, and subsequently has been redeveloped by Minneapolis developer Ray Harris and renamed the Blair Arcade. The structure was built, at a cost of $300,000, as an apartment building with storefronts on the first floor. It was commissioned by Frank P. Blair, who was the secretary of the St. Paul Improvement Company. The American Jewish Year Book for 1907 indicates that Isaac L. Rypins resided at this address. Oakland Cemetery Association records indicate that Charles Terry Miller (1835-1910,) the husband of Martha A. H. Miller, who was born in Illinois to parents born in the United States and who died of arteriosclerosis, resided at this address in 1910. In 1911, Thomas Lowry, president of the St. Paul Street Railway Company, bought the elegant and prestigious building. Oakland Cemetery Association records indicate that Elmer K. Miller (1876-1913,) the single son of Martha A. H. Miller, who was born in Minnesota to parents born in the United States and who died of laceration of the brain, resided at this address in 1913. Oakland Cemetery Association records indicate that Julia Hubbard McGill (1871-1913,) the wife of Charles H. McGill, who was born in Minnesota to parents born in Canada and in the United States and who died of cardiac dilatation, resided at this address in 1913. Oakland Cemetery Association records indicate that William Robert Mingaye (1822-1914,) the husband of Sarah Mingaye, who was born in England to parents also born in England and who died of asthenia senility, resided at this address in 1914. The 1916 city directory indicates that the residents at this address were Mrs. K. McK. Beals, C. A. Bettingen, H. E. Bigelow, Mr. and Mrs. J. W. Cooper, Mr. and Mrs. Leavitt Corning, Miss Eleanor Crawford, Dr. Bronson Crothers, A. L. Cunningham, Mrs. Lee Eisenberg and her daughter, J. B. Emerson and his daughter, R. C. Flanagan, the Misses Flynn, Mr. and Mrs. G. H. Goodell, Mr. and Mrs. W. B. Hastings, Mrs. E. M. Hall, Mr. and Mrs. C. C. Haupt, Mr. and Mrs. P. M. Hennessy, Mr. and Mrs. Rukard Hurd, Howard Kahn, Mr. and Mrs. Adolph Konantz, Dr. C. F. Konantz, Mr. and Mrs. T. W. Kennedy, Dr. and Mrs. C. L. Larsen, Thomas E. Ludington, C. H. McGill, Miss K. F. McIntyre, L. V. Madsen, J. E. Markham and his daughter, Mrs. C. T. Miller, Mrs. J. E. Moore. Mr. and Mrs. C. P. Nash, Miss Josephine Norval, Mr. and Mrs. J. W. Owens, Dr. B. F. Paxton, T. A. Phillips, Mrs. K. K. Porterfield, Mrs. Julia Robertson, Miss Mildred Robertson, Mr. and Mrs. J. W. Ryckman, Mrs. William Sauntry, Dr. and Mrs. C. E. Smith, Jr., Dr. J. C. Staley, Jr., C. F. Whaley, H. E. Whaley, the Misses Whaley, and Rev. and Mrs. P. P. Womer. Thomas Lowry sold the hotel in 1918. The 1918 city directory indicates that the residents at this address were Mrs. K. McM. Beals, C. A. Bettingen, H. E. Bigelow, Mr. and Mrs. J. W. Cooper, Mr. and Mrs. Leavitt Corning, Miss Eleanor Crawford, Dr. Bronson Crothers, A. L. Cunningham, Miss E. F. Deem, the Misses Flynn, G. H. Goodell, Miss Irene Gault, M. B. Gilman, Dr. A. R. Hall, Mr. and Mrs. C. C. Haupt, Mrs. P. M. Hennessey, Mr. and Mrs. Rukard Hurd, Mr. and Mrs. Adolph Konantz, Dr. C. F. Konantz, Mr. and Mrs. T. W. Kennedy, T. E. Ludington, C. H. McGill, J. E. Markham and his daughter, R. J. Matthews, E. E. Meier, Miss Josephine Norval, Mrs. F. T. Parlin, Dr. B. F. Paxton, T. A. Phillips, Charles Porterfield, Mrs. K. K. T. Porterfield, Dr. J. C. Staley, Dr. J. H. Stewart, Mr. and Mrs. B. F. Strohm, Mrs. Mary Van Slyke, Miss Mary Wadden, Mr. and Mrs. George Warner, Mr. and Mrs. W. C. Watrous, C. F. Whaley, H. E. Whaley, and the Misses Whaley. The records of the 1919-1920 Minnesota World War I Soldier's Bonus Board indicate that Rukard Hurd (1858- ,) a 1917 enlistee and a Major in the Engineer Reserve Corps, who was born in Cincinnati, Ohio, moved to Minnesota in 1890, was a consulting engineer and Director of Mines for the State of Minnesota Tax Commission after the completion of service, and was married to Kate H. Hurd, resided at this address. The records of the 1919-1920 Minnesota World War I Soldier's Bonus Board indicate that Henry McNiel Burchard (1898- ,) a 1917 enlistee and a Private First Class in Battery D of the 59th Field Artillery, who was born in Marshall, Minnesota, had blue eyes, brown hair, and a fair complexion, was 5' 7" tall, was a student at induction, was a clerk employed by the National City Company after the completion of service, and was unmarried, resided at this address. The records of the 1919-1920 Minnesota World War I Soldier's Bonus Board (#7071) indicate that Edmund Durment (1894- ,) a 1917 enlistee and a Wagoner in the Medical Department, who was born in St. Paul, had blue eyes, light hair, and a fair complexion, was 5' 11 1/2" tall, was a chauffeur at induction, served in the American Expeditionary Force in France, including the Meuse-Argonne offensive, was unemployed after the completion of service, and was unmarried, resided with his mother, Mrs. E. S. Durment, at this address. The 1920 city directory indicates that Jno. S. Abbott, a physician officing at 846 Lowry Building, Alice G. Auran, a clerk employed by the Northern Pacific RailRoad, James B. Beals, a salesman employed by Kalman Matteson & Wood, investment bankers, Kate Beals, the widow of James B. Beals, John E. Burchard, the president of J. E. Burchard Company, Leavitt Corning, the president and treasurer of Corning Inc. and publisher of Corning's Quarterly (Razoo,) Helen I. Cratsenberg, the widow of Alva A. Cratsenberg, Florence Davenport, the widow of Rufus Davenport, Mary J. Davis, a statistician employed by the State Dairy & Food Department, Caroline B. Day, the widow of David Day, Herbert Doersch, a steward, Herbert B. Dorsch, a steward employed by the St. Paul Athletic Club, Mrs. E. Drake, William Egeland, a farm lands and city property agent who officed at the Pioneer Building, and Jennie Eisenberg, the widow of Lee Eisenberg, all resided at this address, that Bertha L. Anderson, a teacher at the Ames School, Harriet C. Auran, a stenographer employed by the Northern Pacific RailRoad, Meriam A. Burch, the principal of Lincoln School, Anna F. Corcoran, a teacher at the Central High School, Jesse M. Dixon, a contractor who officed at the Central Bank Building, and Julie B. Eisenberg, a teacher at the Cleveland School, all boarded at this address, and that Mabel M. Dass, a clerk employed by the Canadian Government Agency, Florence Davenport, a clerk employed by the General Utilities Company, and Alice Day, a reporter employed by the Daily News, all roomed at this address. Oakland Cemetery Association records indicate that Annie D. Freeman (1841-1923,) a widowed client of lawyer William Oppenheimer, who was born in Canada to parents born in England and who died of bronchopneumonia, resided at this address in 1924. The 1924 city directory indicates that C. A. Stickney, Jr., Mrs. K. McM. Beals, Miss Minna Segnitz, Mr. and Mrs. Jacob Firestone, Dr. and Mrs. T. D. Tuttle, Mrs. Frederick Sibley, Dr. and Mrs. C. W. Jones, Miss Grace McHale, Mrs. Henry Hutchinson, Mrs. Clara Hoyt, Mrs, J. B. Beals, Mr. and Mrs. M. C. Blanchett, Miss Bernice Blanchett, M. B. Carpenter, Fred M. Clarke, Mr. and Mrs. P. R. Colson, Mrs. Mary Cunningham, Mr. and Mrs. Louis Becker, Miss Mable Dass, Mrs. Florence Daven, Mrs. M. J. Davis, Mrs. David Day and her daughter, Bion Dodge, Mrs. C. O. Eisendrath, Mrs. Elizabeth Forman and her daughter, Mr. and Mrs. F. M. Fraser and their daughter, E. M. Frankel, Max Frankel, Mrs. Anna D. Freeman, Mr. and Mrs. F. M. Fryburg, Miss Prudence Greenleaf, Miss M. A. Grimm, Dr. A. R. Hall, George Harrison, Mrs. C. C. Haupt, Mrs. Elmer Hayek, Mrs. Henrietta Jacobi, Mr. L. M. Jacobi, Miss Anna Kuhl, Dr. O. A. Lentz, L. M. Jacobi, Mr. and Mrs. Leavitt Corning, D. J. McKenzie, Dr. and Mrs. T. J. Maloney, Mrs. J. E. Moore, Miss Mae Moore, Mrs. A. S. Pope, Mr. and Mrs. W. F. Segers, Miss Agnes Senkler, A. H. Stees, Dr. Alex Stewart, Mr. and Mrs. Charles A. Stickney, Charles Stickney, Jr., Miss Edna Taylor, Mrs. Adele Waller, Mr. and Mrs. George Warner, Horace Warner, Charles Whaley, Miss Helen Whaley, and Mr. and Mrs. Gus Weise all resided at this address. Oakland Cemetery Association records indicate that Mary E. Ives (1856-1926,) the wife of Gideon Ives, who was born in Minnesota to parents born in the United States and who died of a cerebral hemorrhage, resided at this address in 1926. Oakland Cemetery Association records indicate that Virginia Hollins Stees (1839-1926,) the widowed mother of A. H. Stees, who was born in Pennsylvania to parents born in England and in the United States and who died of hypostatic pneumonia and myocarditis, resided at this address in 1926. The 1930 city directory indicates that the residents of the apartment building located at this address were John H. Anderson, Mrs. Jane Armstrong, Mrs. Catherine Beals, the widow of James B. Beals, Mrs. Anna K. Blaine, Elfie Brodeen, a stenographer at Central High School, Miriam A. Burch, the principal at Eastern Heights School, Mrs. Mable D. Carpenter, the widow of Blanchard Carpenter, Irven Choate, a salesman, Leavitt Corning, the president-secretary of Corning, Inc., and his wife, Margaret Corning, Mrs. Mary Cunningham, Luther S. Cushing, the president of Cushing & Driscoll, Inc., and his wife, Mary Cushing, Mrs. Florence Davenport, a teacher at Marshall Junior High School, Albert "Al" Davidson, a clerk employed by the Northern Pacific RailRoad, Jane Dodd, Bion Dodge, a lawyer located at the Pioneer Building, Agnes E. Doherty, a teacher at Central High School, Fred M. Fraser, a special accountant employed by the Chicago, St. Paul, Minneapolis & Omaha RailRoad, John Giesen, a teacher, Mrs. Anne Gray, Andrew E. Hager, the manager of the Angus Hotel, and his wife, Bertha Hager, Alex R. Hall, a physician located at the Miller Hospital Clinic, and his wife, Maude Hall, Alice Hasson, the widow of Edgar C. E. Hasson, Robert H. Hasson, a department manager employed by Gordon & Ferguson, James B. Hewitt and his wife, Mary Hewitt, Mrs. Mathilda Hutchinson, the widow of Henry Hutchinson, Charles W. Johnson, Emma Johnson, Charles W. Jones and his wife, Alice D. Jones, Herbert P. Keller, a partner with Bruce J. Broady in the law firm of Keller, Broady & Chapin, located at the Merchants Bank Building, and his wife, Carrie J. Keller, Lillian M. Knott, a teacher, Leone Knox, a teacher at the Douglas School, Bessie E. Kubach, a teacher at Roosevelt Junior High School, Clara D. Lebies, primary supervisor at the Irving School, Albert F. Leigh, resident manager employed by the Robinson-Jenkins-Osborn Company, and his wife, Elizabeth Leigh, John Leigh, an attendant, Dugald J. McKenzie, a registrar employed by the Federal Land Bank, Laura McLeod, Vernon A. Mewhorter, a clerk, Mrs. Helen Meyer, a stenographer, Marie F. Moreland, a teacher at Johnson High School, Mrs. Charlotte Norton, the widow of Eric Norton, Donlan J. O'Neil, a switchtender employed by the Union Depot, Mrs. Victoria Peterson, Mrs. Augusta S. Pope, Clarence Robertson, a manager employed by the Electro-Motive Company, Otto Sander, Frank E. Schmauss, the news editor for the St. Paul Pioneer Press, Agnes Senkler, Harry V. Shepherd, a teacher at the St. Paul Vocational School, his wife, Helen Shepherd, Frank Shoop, a printer with a shop 313 Jackson Street, Mrs. Constance Sibley, the widow of Frederick Sibley, Benjamin W. Sneil, a traveling salesman, his wife, Rose Sneil, Blanche I. Steele, a teacher at the Gorman School, Alexander Stewart, a physician of the diseases of children who officed at 350 St. Peter Street, Anthony T. Tomasek, a dentist who officed at 158 West Seventh Street, his wife, Alice Tomasek, Mrs. Clara Ware, the widow of Howard F. Ware, George Warner, an assistant merchandise manager employed by Finch, Van Slyck & McConville, his wife, Lillian Ware, Richard M. Washington, a reporter employed by the St. Paul Daily News, Edward A. Whitaker and his wife, Frances Whitaker, Lucille Wilkerson, a teacher at Johnson High School, and Simon Zeff, a grocer with a store at 509 West University Avenue. The 1930 city directory indicates that Adolph Konantz, a Christian Science practitioner, and his wife, Jennie Konantz, resided at apartment #1 of 672 Summit Avenue. The 2007 Cole Reference Directory indicates that Alexander Sales Group, Amoco Public Affairs, Belloc Boy Inc., Bungedarrel Bunge Esq., Cathedral Hill Strategies, Estetica Salon & Day Spa, Hooker & Company, In Sight Solutions Group, Inc., Local Color Art Supply Inc., Martas European Skin Care Center, James R. McDonough, Engineer, Minnesota Petroleum Council 86, Minnesota Association for Children's Mental Health, Mortgage Bankers Association of Minnesota, Ninas Coffe Cafe, Public Employees Pension Service Association, and Wavo Corporation were located at this address and that John Bellus, Kathie M. Bellus, Matthew J. Bird, Victor Alfred Bloomfield, Michael P. Caron, Michelle F. Caron, James W. Conciding, Donald Diddams, Nicholas J. Ellison, Kevin T. Fenton, Peter Warren Fish, Richard Bruce Flatz, Shannon M. Flynn, Carolyn Dee Forman, James L. Forman, Elizabeth Caroline Gale, Oliver Gerbl, Sara Glynn, Jason S. Green, Andrew Greenberg, Edward Gundel, Michael Holie, Mark Ronal Johnson, Timothy W. Jorissen, Margaret Therese Kyne, Diane L. Lacasse, Amadeo Lasansky, Leonardo Lasanky, Bayard Lilly, Kip L. Lilly, Rev. JoBeth Beth Marshall, Matthew I. Marshall, Don M. Mason, Louise Marion McDonagh, Jim Robert McDonaugh, Fred Thomas McGrath, Jr., Cheryl C. Medintz, Lynn Mig, Patricia Lucille Mitchell, Richard Kevin Molnar, M. Morris, Justin Robb Newhall, Elmer Laerence Pierre, Jr., Michelle Joy Rookey, Ann G. Ryan, James Joseph Ryan, Ellen F. Shaffer, Elsa Gail Shapiro, Marie Antoint Sorg, Michael E. Sorg, Janos E. Takacs, Marta Erzebet Takacs, Dianne Lacasse Tannehill, Robert Charles Tannehill, Eric J. Volden, Ysidro Zarraga, and David B. Zucco all resided at this address. William Robert Mingaye, the son of Rev. George Mingaye and Mary Webb Giraud Mingaye, was christened in Kennett, Cambridge, England, emigrated to Canada, was collector of Customs in Kingston, Winnipeg, Canada, married Sarah Jane Rowe (1831- ) of Newmarket, Ontario, Canada in 1854, was admitted to practice as a attorney and solicitor in Upper Canada by a private bill in the Canadian legislative assembly in 1857, and died in Minnesota. George Mingaye (1789-1879) was born on 23 Apr 1789 in Thetford, Norfolk, England, received his bachelors and masters degrees from Bury & Caius College, Cambridge, England, was rector of Kennett, Cambridge, of Wistow, Hunts., of Wilby, Suffolk, and of West Barkwith, and died in Bury St. Edmunds, West Suffolk, England. Mary Webb Giraud (1796-1887) was born in Sunbury, Middlesex, England, the daughter of Admiral Richard Herve' Giraud, British Royal Navy, and Francis Anne Byng. William Robert Mingaye and Sarah Jane Rowe Mingaye had three children, William Herve' Mingaye (1855- ,) Mary Evellyn Mingaye (1858- ,) and Edward Giraud Mingaye (1859-1860.) Isaac L. Rypins (1862-1951) was the rabbi at the Mount Zion Hebrew Congregation from 1899 to 1921, succeeded Rabbi Emanuel Hess and was suceeded by Rabbi Jacob Meyerowiz. Isaac L. Rypins was an 1889 graduate of the Hebrew Union College of Cincinnati, Ohio. Rabbi Isaac L. Rypins was a member of the Board of Governors of the Educational League in 1905, was a member of the executive committee of the Central Conference of American Rabbis in 1910, and was a member of the executive committee of the Alumni Association of the Hebrew Union College in 1921. In 1906, Rabbi Isaac L. Rypins wrote the Board of Special Inquiry at Ellis Island, New York, on behalf of Hocher Bodner, a Rumanian immigrant, at the request of Bodner's St. Paul cousins, Harry Chifer and David Moskovich, promising that the cousins would care for Hocher Bodner and his family. Mount Zion Temple Rabbi Isaac Rypins openly opposed Zionism and when Henrietta Szold, the founder of Hadassah in 1912, wanted to include a stop at Mount Zion on her speaking tour in 1913, he convinced the congregation's board to reject her appearance. Bronson Crothers (1884-1959) was born in Elmira, New York, the son of Samuel McChord Crothers (1857-1927,) a Unitarian minister, and Louisa Bronson Crothers, grew up in St. Paul, then moved to Cambridge, Massachusetts, graduated from Harvard College and Harvard Medical School in 1909, did his residency at the Massachusetts General Hospital and at the Children's Hospital in Boston, began a private practice in St. Paul, then joined the Massachusetts General Hospital unit of the British Army Medical Corps in 1915, was cited for gallant and distinguished service, returned to St. Paul and married Alice Ames (1889-1976,) the daughter of Charles Wilberforce Ames (1855-1921) and Mary Lesley Ames (1853-1929,) then joined the U. S. Army Medical Corps in 1917, studied at the New York Neurological Institute upon discharge, was appointed neurologist at Children's Hospital in Boston and to the faculty at the Harvard Medical School, was credited with publishing at least 56 papers and books on child neurology, was president of the Boston Society for Neurology and Psychiatry in 1940, was the president of the American Pediatric Society in 1950 and 1951, was the president of the Academy of Cerebral Palsy in 1951, survived an airplane crash into Boston Harbor and saved several fellow passengers, was selected to receive the Howland Award, but died of spinal muscular atrophy prior to its receipt. Bronson Crothers and Marian C. Putnam were the authors of Birth injuries of the central nervous system: Part II--Cord birth injuries, published by The Williams & Wilkins Company in 1927. In 1932, Bronson Crothers, M.D., was the chair of the Subcommittee on Psychology and Psychiatry of the White House Conference on Child Health and Protection and the author of its reort Psychology and Psychiatry in Pediatrics: The Problem, published in New York and London by The Century Company. In 1937, Bronson Crothers, M.D., was the author of A Pediatrician in Search of Mental Hygiene, a philosophical study of the position of the pediatrician in the physical and psychological care of the individual, published in New York by The Commonwealth Fund. Bronson Crothers and Richmond S. Paine were the authors of The natural history of cerebral palsy, published by the Harvard University Press in 1959. There is a Bronson Crothers Associate Professorship of Neurology and a Bronson Crothers Distinguished Professorship of Neurology at the Children's Hospital Medical Center in Boston. Gideon Ives (1846- ) was born in Dickinson, New York, served with the 15th New York Regiment during the Civil War, graduated from the University of Michigan Law School in 1871, moved to Minnesota in 1871, initially resided in St. Peter, Minnesota, where he was city attorney and county attorney, served in the Minnesota State Senate from 1887 to 1889, was Lieutenant Governor of Minnesota from 1891 to 1892, and moved to St. Paul in 1903. Mrs. L. J. Shields was the sister of Henry McNiel Burchard. Leavitt Corning (1870-1935) was a delegate from the Fourth Congressional District to the 1920 Republican Party Convention in Chicago and was pledged to General Leonard Wood. Leavitt Corning also was a delegate from the Fourth Congressional District to the 1916 Republican Party Convention. Leavitt Corning was a member of the Minnesota Legislature in 1917. In 1915, Leavitt Corning was the author of The men and products of Saint Paul "the star city of the North star state", together with 3rd annual Saint Paul almanack for 1915. In 1924, Leavitt Corning was the secretary of the Committee of Republicans Opposing Socialism that circulated campaign literature that attacked Oscar E. Keller when he acknowledged the he was a Nonpartisan League candidate for Congress. In 1919, Corning, Inc., was the compiler and publisher of A Report to the members of the Ten Thousand Lakes of Minnesota Association. In 1920, Corning Inc. was an advertising firm located at 89 Fourth Street East and its officers were Leavitt Corning, president and treasurer, Allan L. Firestone, vice president, and Lloyd R. Gates, secretary. William Sauntry (1847-1914) was a lumber baron, was a first cousin to Bing Crosby, and built a Queen Anne and Eastlake style mansion in Stillwater, Minnesota, in 1881. The William Sauntry & Company of Stillwater, Minnesota, the successor in the 1890's to the Sauntry & Tozer logging operating in the 1880's, both were affiliates of the Weyerhaeuser Lumber Company. Sauntry made a fortune operating the Ann River Logging Company, another Weyerhaeuser affiliate, but then attempted to make another fortune in mining, lost his initial fortune by 1914, and committed suicide with a handgun. Florence Bodley Davenport, the wife of Rufus Davenport and the daughter of Charles O. Bodley and Frances Price Curd Bodley, was a descendant of Revolutionary War soldier Lieut. Col. Abraham Hunt. Florence Bodley Davenport was the author of The ancestry, kindred, and descendants of Catherine Hunt Curd, wife of John Boyle Tilford. Augusta Sibley Pope, the wife of Douglas Pope and the daughter of Henry Hastings Sibley and Sarah Jane Steele Sibley, was a descendant of Revolutionary War soldier Col. Ebenezer Sproat. Augusta Sibley Pope (1844-1932) is buried in the cemetery plot at Oakland Cemetery of her father, Henry Hastings Sibley (1811-1891,) along with her mother, Sarah J. Sibley, Gussie S. Pope (1876-1896,) Abbie Potts McIntyre (1854-1933,) Theodore Schwan Abbott (1889-1948,) Sally Rugg Santini (1937-2001,) Elbert A. Young (1848-1936,) Sarah J. Young (1854-1925,) Samantha Lynn Rugg (1989-1989,) Henry Sibley Young (1877-1898,) Elbert A. Young, Jr. (1882-1938,) George Culver Rugg, Jr. (1903-1962,) Katherine Mahler Rugg (1902-1984,) Michael Culver Rugg (1929-1993,) and Ann Hannigan Rugg (1923-2000.) Luther S. Cushing, the son of a prominent Massachusetts judge, Luther Stearns Cushing (1803-1856,) was the manager of the Boston & Northwest Real Estate Company in St. Paul and maintained ties between St. Paul and Boston throughout his life. Miriam A. Burch is buried at Oak Hill Cemetery in Excelsior, Minnesota. Herbert P. Keller also was the president of the Ramsey County Bar Association, was a St. Paul assemblyman in 1909, was a mayor of St. Paul from 1914 to 1916, and was a Ramsey County Commissioner in 1927. Keller Golf Course in Ramsey County is named for Herbert Keller, who oversaw the purchase of 94.6 acres of farmland for $42,600 and the building of an 18 hole golf course and a clubhouse for an additional $108,121.38, which opened in 1929, was eventually played by heavyweight boxing champ Joe Louis, gangster John Dillinger, and professional golfers Walter Hagen, Byron Nelson, Ben Hogan, Gene Sarazen, Ted Rhodes, Sam Snead, Arnold Palmer, Jack Nicklaus, Lee Trevino, Patty Berg, and Kathy Whitworth, was the venue for the PGA Championship in 1932 and 1954, the Western Open in 1949, and the St. Paul Open annually between 1930 and 1968. The National City Company of New York, an investment house, was created in 1911, was a security affiliate of National City Bank to engage in high profit activities that were not within the express corporate authority of a national bank, and had branch offices with a private wire system in 31 different cities by 1922. The hotel changed ownership several times and began the deterioration that led to its closure in 1971. In 1875, Thomas Lowry started the Minneapolis Street Railway, which later became the Twin Cities Rapid Transit Company. The Twin Cities Line had over 1,100 streetcars at its peak, operating on 523 miles of track that went from Stillwater, White Bear Lake, and the Wildwood Amusement Park, owned by TCRT, in the east, through St. Paul and Como Park, into Minneapolis, out to Lake Harriet, then Hopkins, and all the way out west to Excelsior and Deephaven on the shores of Lake Minnetonka, where a fleet of yellow "trolley boats" serviced the vast lake, the numerous docks along the shore, and the TCRT-owned Big Island Amusement Park. Ray Harris developed the Calhoun Square retail complex and has been involved in various attempts to redevelop the Minneapolis Sears Store property on Lake Street. The St. Paul Street Railway Company, along with the Minneapolis Street Railway Company, the Minneapolis & St. Paul Suburban Railroad Company, the Minneapolis & St. Paul Suburban Railway Company, the Minneapolis, Lyndale & Minnetonka Railway Company, the Transit Supply Company, the Minnetonka & White Bear Navigation Company, and the Rapid Transit Real Estate Corporation all were merged into the Twin City Rapid Transit Company. The St. Paul Union Depot was designed by Charles Sumner Frost, was started in 1917 and was completed in 1923, and provided passenger and freight railroad services for St. Paul, serving some 282 trains and 20,000 passengers daily from its railroad platforms adjoining 18 railroad tracks. The Union Depot replaced an earlier depot that was located closer to the river and suffered two fires before its replacement. The first depot building was completed in 1881, and combined the services of several different railroads into one building, yielding the name "union," and had its peak year in 1888, handling eight million passengers and 150 trains daily. The successor Union Depo
