As part of its ongoing battle against crime, the Corcoran neighborhood mobilized a working group of concerned residents, neighborhood activists, crime specialists, advocates for prostituted women and children, and survivors of the sex industry to address prostitution in the neighborhood. The task force examined the problem of prostitution with its many adverse secondary affects, prepared the Solutions Document, and submitted the original version to the community December 11, 1996. Enthusiastic response to the document and the task force’s commitment, energy, and talent inspired task force members to continue their work while expanding the membership base to include those interested in working on the issue of prostitution, but uncertain of how or where to organize against prostitution. Hence, the evolution into the Minnesota Coalition Against Prostitution, Inc.
The document includes an analysis of some of the institutions which affect or are affected by the problem of prostitution and offers a variety of innovative solutions and recommended outcomes. This working document is an ongoing project and will be revised as the Minnesota Coalition Against Prostitution identifies new solutions and acknowledges progress.To purchase more copies of Inner Cities and Prostitution: A Solutions Document, please send $6 per copy requested to MCAP, P.O. Box 6688, Minneapolis MN, 55406. For more information please leave a message at 612-724-3937.
TABLE OF CONTENTS
1:The problem defined
2: Our approach to the problem
The analysis of institutions and our recommendations:
The Police Chief
The Third Police Precinct
The Third Precinct SAFE Unit
The Hennepin County Jail (Booking)
The Hennepin County Attorney
Courts and Judges
The City Attorney Office
Minneapolis Licensing and Consumer Services
Zoning
The Minneapolis City Council
The Minnesota Center for Victims’ Services
The Minnesota State Legislature
The Media
Health and Service Entities
Community and Neighborhood Organizations
Conclusion............................
Appendix A: Minnesota Statutes Regarding Prostitution
Appendix B: Minnesota Statutes Regarding Coercion
Appendix C: Minnesota Statutes Regarding Expungement
Appendix D: Miscellaneous Minneapolis City Codes
THE PROBLEM DEFINED
Johns create the demand for prostitution and its institutionalization in the sex industry. Literally thousands of johns infiltrate the inner city neighborhoods of Minneapolis and produce an environment in which prostitution continues to thrive. A john is any man who believes he has the right to purchase women and children to satisfy his sexual and violent urges. A john uses his economic power to make women and children comply with his demands. He may threaten, rob, rape, beat, kidnap, torture, and even murder them to enforce his demands.
Johns prey on prostituted women and children whose lives are unstable combinations of violence, poverty, homelessness, disease, post-traumatic stress disorder, and drug and alcohol addiction. Johns terrorize inner city neighborhood women and children by circling the blocks, waving money at them, exposing themselves, and shouting, “ Do you want a date?” as they wait for a bus, walk to school, tend their gardens, and play at day care centers. The problem of prostitution touches the lives of all women and children. A john can be from any culture, any income level, and any social background. He can be a lawyer, mechanic, soldier, pastor, bus driver, stock broker, janitor, boyfriend, husband, father, son.
A pimp is any man or woman who induces, promotes, and profits form the prostitution of women and children. A pimp uses physical and sexual violence to control where she goes, sell her as a commodity, force her into unwanted sex, and prevent her from escaping prostitution. Pimps prey on vulnerable women and children who have often suffered incest and previous sexual violence. They season their victims by wearing them down and making them psychologically, emotionally,chemically, and financially dependent. A pimp can be from any culture, any income level, any social background. A pimp can be a street hustler, a madam, a strip bar owner, a drug dealer, a cab driver, a boyfriend, a husband, a parent.
The following violations occur in inner city neighborhoods every day, 24 hours a day:
* The act of prostitution, as defined in 609.321, Subd. 9.
* The business of prostitution, as defined in 609.321, Subd. 2.
* Pimps promote prostitution, as described in 609.321, Subd. 7.
* Johns solicit prostitution, as described in 609.322.
* Pimps receive profit from Prostitution, as described in 609.323.
* Children are prostituted as described in 609.324.
* Prostitution occurs in saunas, spas, health clubs and massage parlors, as described in 609.33.
See Appendix A for text of Minnesota statutes on prostitution.
THE MCAP APPROACH TO THE PROBLEM
MCAP promotes a comprehensive strike against the primary perpetrators of prostitution, johns and pimps, as the best way to eradicate prostitution in inner city neighborhoods. Johns and pimps who exploit prostituted women and children should be arrested, subjected to the full booking process, and prosecuted to the full extent of the law.
Historically, law enforcement efforts related to prostitution have focused on the supply side of the equation. Police officers typically arrest the highly visible prostituted women and children rather than the more mobile and difficult to catch johns and pimps. Despite the increased fines and imprisonment of prostituted women, prostitution has flourished.
MCAP recommends a demand-side approach to resolving the problem. This document and the following recommendations focus on holding johns and pimps accountable as sex offenders for their crimes. Each of the institutions analyzed is encouraged to follow the recommendations outlined in this document and to do its part to end the prostitution of women and children. The institutions listed affect or are affected by both the demand and the supply sides of prostitution. On the following pages, each of these institutions are analyzed. There is a statement of the current strategies being employed by the institution followed by recommended strategies toward a more effective approach to prostitution.
THE POLICE CHIEF
The Current State
It is not uncommon for officers to tag and release johns suspected of soliciting or engaging in the act of prostitution. The experience of being arrested is comparatively inconsequential for johns. Failure to recognize johns as dangerous sex offenders contributes to the deterioration of inner city neighborhoods. Moreover, arrest records show inequitable enforcement of prostitution laws resulting in far more prostituted women being arrested than johns.
There has been no vice unit since January of 1996. The Community Response Teams (CRT) have been working on sauna and street prostitution since March of 1997, but plans exist for a reconstituted Vice Unit which will fall under License Division.
The Recommended State
MCAP strongly urges a policy change whereby all johns are arrested and made to endure the full booking process, including pictures and finger prints. MCAP supports resumption of a full time Vice Unit. The owners of establishments should be targeted, and both their personal and professional assets should be seized whenever the establishment is raided by the Vice Unit. New CRT, CCP/SAFE and Vice officers should be be informed on the realities and dynamics of prostitution.
Summary
Prior State:
Current State:
1. Tag and release of johns.
2. No Vice Unit.
3. CRT handling street and institutional prostitution.
4. CCP/SAFE conducting john stings.
5. Some vehicle forfeitures.
6. Inequitable enforcement of prostitution laws.
Recommended State:
1. All johns processed through booking, pictures and prints taken
2. All johns’ vehicles forfeited at time of arrest.
3. Resumption of a full time Vice Unit.
4. Target sauna/strip club owners; seize assets in raids.
5. Training of new inexperienced CRT, CCP/SAFE and Vice officers.
6. More john stings.
7. Equal enforcement of prostitution laws.
THE THIRD PRECINCT
The Current State
The Third Precinct established Community Response Teams (CRT). The Third Precinct has educated the CRT officers to recognize prostitution and make well-documented arrests so that effective prosecutions can be made. There have been increased johns stings and vehicle forfeitures by third precinct officers. MCAP is encouraged by third precincts success in felony arrests of street pimps.
In 1997, --- arrest of prostituted women and only -- arrests of johns have been made in the third precinct.
The Recommended State
MCAP would like to see more arrests of johns through organized johns stings. The arrested johns need to be booked and have their pictures and fingerprints taken. The title to any vehicle used by a john during the commission of a prostitution related crime should be submitted for forfeiture.
Summary
Prior State:
Current State:
1. CRT education for johns
2. Limited john arrests and vehicle forfeitures.
3. Felony arrests of street pimps.
4. Focus of arrests are of prostituted women.
Recommended State:
1. Increase the number of john arrests and impound all vehicles used in prostitution crime.
2. Full booking process for arrested johns (pictures/prints taken).
3. Continued felony arrest of street pimps.
THE THIRD PRECINCT SAFE UNIT
The Current State:
The Third Precinct CCP/SAFE Unit conductsjohn stings where a female police officer poses as a prostituted woman and nearby officers in marked cars make arrests when the decoy is solicited by a john. Some vehicle forfeitures occur at this time. In addition, the SAFE Unit receives lists of license numbers from neighborhood residents and then sends “dear john” letters to the registered owners of the vehicles observed picking up prostituted women. The “dear john” letter notifies the vehicle owners of the fact that their vehicle was observed during possible criminal activity and advises them of the possible consequences.
The Recommended State:
MCAP would like to see john stings continued and increased on varying days and at different hours of the day and night. The arrested johns need to be booked and have their pictures and fingerprints taken. The title to any vehicle used by a john to commit the crime of prostitution seized for forfeiture. The dear john letter program must continue. MCAP wants the SAFE Unit to aggressively utilize these methods for effective crime prevention.
Summary
Prior State:
Current State:
1. In the past there have been limited john stings.
2. There has been a reasonable “dear john” letter program.
3. New officers.
Recommended State:
1. John stings stepped up significantly, johns subjected to full booking
process and impound all vehicles used in prostitution crime.
2. Continue and enhance the dear john letter program.
3. Letters sent within one week of receipt by neighborhood residents.
4. Train and educate new, inexperienced officers.
HENNEPIN COUNTY JAIL (BOOKING UNIT)
The Current State:
The Hennepin County Jail Booking Unit currently handles only a small number of johns due to the tag and release arrest policy. MCAP believes that a policy change on the part of the Chief of Police would result in more arrests by officers and more john stings by the SAFE Unit.
The Recommended State:
Arrest any john brought in to the jail’s booking unit on a prostitution related charge should be booked, photographed and fingerprinted. A john should also have to post a bond, pursuant to the law. This process will help identify repeat and chronic offenders. Public access to these records would expose johns as sex offenders. Personnel should be be informed on the realities and dynamics of prostitution.
Summary
Prior State:
Current State:
1. Few, in any, john going through full bookings
2. Few, if any, bonds required.
Recommended State:
1. Subject all arrested johns to the full booking process.
2. Require johns to post bond.
3. Make records available to the public.
4. Training of jail personnel.
HENNEPIN COUNTY ATTORNEY
The Current State:
As stated in the original Solutions Document, during 1996 very few pimps had been prosecuted by the County Attorney’s office. Under current Minnesota law, it has been difficult to obtain pimp prosecutions and convictions. Contributing to the problem is the fact that most prostituted womenhave been afraid to give evidence about the pimps. The use of current state laws are ineffectual in helping to secure the successful arrest, prosecution, and conviction of pimps.
MCAP is encouraged by Third Precinct officers’ innovative approach to pimp arrests. Due to this, in 1997, ___ men have been arrested for felony promotion, inducement, solicitation and receiving profits from prostitution.
The Recommended State:
MCAP strongly encourages the County Attorney’s Office to implement existing state laws and obtain felony prosecutions of pimps at every opportunity. Pimps are never far from the prostituted women and children. The laws pertaining to loitering and illegal assembly should be applied to pimps in such cases. Business owners and homeowners should be able to obtain restraining orders to prohibit these predatory persons from loitering in front of residences and businesses. MCAP encourages the County Attorney’s Office to seek participation from neighborhood residents for prosecution of such cases by allowing the oral presention of neighborhood victim impact statements.
The County Attorney’s Office should support that a portion from every fine collected be distributed to advocacy organizations that work with prostituted women and children and to various community initiatives to reduce prostitution.
Summary
Prior State:
Current State:
1. Few pimps prosecuted in 1996, waiting for outcomes from 1997 cases.
2. Pimp arrests increased due to 3rd precinct’s innovative efforts.
Recommended State:
1. Change in or strengthening of laws used against pimps.
2. Prosecution of pimps for loitering and as public nuisance.
3. Requesting restraining orders where possible.
4. Involving neighborhood representatives in pimp prosecutions.
5. Support presentation of neighborhood victim impact statements.
6. Support fine proceeds to be distributed to organizations working with
prostituted people and to community initiatives to reduce prostitution.
7. Work with MCAP to develop creative solutions.
MINNEAPOLIS CITY ATTORNEY OFFICE
The Current State:
Relatively few johns have been arrested and prosecuted. Many plea bargains for first time offenders have been granted. MCAP recognizes the efforts of the City Attorney’s Office to ask judges to impose maximum fines on johns. The City Attorney’s Office has taken the lead in seeking forfeiture of vehicles used in the crimeof prostitution resulting in ____ percentage of vehicles forfeited from ___ number of prostitution crimes convicted. There has been some activity in the City Attorney’s Office to close of saunas, massage parlors, and spas pursuant to the State’s Public Nuisance statute.
The Recommended State:
MCAP would like to see tough prosecution of repeat offenders. Johns arrested for the first time should not be allowed to plead to a non prostitution related crime. When they are arrested a second time they should be prosecuted as repeat offenders. Every vehicle seized in a john arrest should be actively petitioned for forfeiture. The City Attorney should ask for maximum fine and support that a portion of the proceeds collected from johns be used to support advocacy organizations specifically assisting women and children to escape prostitution, support community initiatives to reduce prostitution, and fund more john stings. MCAP encourages the City Attorney’s Office to involve neighborhoods impacted by john activity and to support the oral presentation of neighborhood victim impact statements. The City Attorney’s Office should aggressively pursue prosecution of spa, sauna, health club and massage parlor owners; should not allow them to plead to non-prostitution related offenses and should actively pursue the closure and the seizure of the assets of the owners of such enterprises in accordance with the state’s public nuisance statute.
Summary
Prior State:
Current State:
1. Some prosecutions of johns, but also “plea bargains”.
2. Some vehicle forfeitures.
3. Minimal pursuit of public nuisance spa, sauna, and pseudo health club
closings.
Recommended State:
1. Tough, “no-bargain” prosecutions of first time johns.
2. Even tougher prosecutions of repeat offenders.
3. Petition forfeiture for every vehicle seized in a john arrest.
4. Ask for maximum fines and support proceeds to be distributed to:
a) prostitution advocacy programs, b) community initiatives to reduce
prostitution, c) john stings and a john school .
5. Involve neighborhood residents in the prosecution of johns, support the
presentation of neighborhood victim impact statements.
6. Actively pursue public nuisance span, sauna, health club
closings and owner assets seizures.
COURTS AND JUDGES
The Current State:
The responsibility for holding johns and pimps accountable rests with the courts and judges. Some judges follow through on vehicle forfeitures, others approve plea agreements, reduce fines and seldom sentence johns to jail on their first offense. This custom of treating john activity as inconsequential reinforces the misconception that prostitution is a victimless crime and does nothing to deter johns form committing the crime of prostitution.
The Recommended State:
Judges must understand that buying and selling of women and children for prostitution is a violent crime against women, children, and communities. Judges must refuse plea agreements and impose maximum penalties against johns and pimps. MCAP recommends that repeat johns be viewed by the court as sex offenders. Judges must approve as many vehicle forfeiture petitions as the law will allow. They should see that proceeds from john fines be used to support advocacy programs specifically assisting women and children to escape prostitution, support community initiatives to reduce prostitution, and fund more john stings. Judges should allow the reading of community victim and survivor impact statements during john and pimp sentencing hearings. Lastly, judges should order spa, sauna, health club and massage parlor closings pursuant to public nuisance laws.
MCAP reviews the records of judges regarding prostitution crimes. Neighborhoods are beginning to recognize the integral role that judges play in the fight to eradicate the demand side of the prostitution equation, and those neighborhoods will be watching!
Summary
Prior State:
Current State:
1. Some vehicle forfeitures.
2. Some reduced fines and approval of plea bargains.
Recommended State:
1. Tough, no bargain sentencing for first-time offenders.
2. Even tougher sentencing of repeat offenders; view as sex offenders.
3. Approve as many vehicle forfeitures as law will allow.
4. Allow community impact statements to be read at sentencing hearings.
5. Support that proceeds from john and pimp fines fund: a)programs
helping women and children to escape prostitution, b) community
initiatives to reduce prostitution, c) john stings and a john school.
6. Order spa, sauna, health club, and massage parlor closings pursuant to
nuisance laws.
THE MEDIA
The Current State:
While both the print and electronic branches of the media have occasionally covered prostitution issues, neither has explained why they consistently conceal and protect the identities of arrested johns. This is public information. Popular culture, heavily influenced by the media, does not reflect reality and instead vilifies prostituted person, legitimizes them (by calling them “sex workers”, for example), or glamorizes them (in such movies as “Pretty Woman,” “Best Little Whorehouse in Texan,” or Milk Money”). Prostituted women and girls (average age of entry is 14 years old) are typically blamed for prostitution while little or no regard is paid to the suburban and rural johns who create the demand. In some segments of our society, the purchase of a prostituted woman or child is seen as a rite of passage for young men. Prostitution is considered by many to be a victimless crime - a view perpetuated by an unenlightened, sensationalistic media.
The Recommended State:
Not long ago, the media regarded drunk driving much the same as it now regards prostitution. Today’s media is more enlightened about drunk driving. Consequently, drunk driving is now socially unacceptable and has tough criminal consequences, no matter who you are. In the same way, enlightened media can affect the problem of prostitution. Media should engage in educating the public about the ravages of prostitution; about it victimization, horrors and devastation. The media could take the lead in a huge public awareness campaign. The local media can start by publishing or broadcasting the names and addresses of persons who are convicted of purchasing women and children for sexual use and abuse. Local cable stations can transmit names and photographs of johns as part of its community programming. Shame can work wonders with johns.
Summary
Prior:
Current State:
1. Occasional, sensationalistic coverage of prostitution.
2. No publication/broadcast of johns’ identities.
3. Dissemination of misinformation about prostitution.
Recommended State:
1. Thoughtful, responsible coverage of prostitution issues.
2. Portrayal of prostitution in a truthful, enlightened way.
3. Publication of broadcast of convicted johns identities.
4. Transmission of johns identities on cable access.
5. Profile work of organizations helping prostituted women and girls.
6. Educate youth about prostitution’ life numbing effects.
7. Educate men about their objectification of women.
8. Stop perpetuating prostitution’s victimless crime myth.
MINNEAPOLIS CITY COUNCIL
The Current State:
The City Council members S. Dore Mead (11 ward), Kathy Thurber (9th ward) in particular, and Brian Herron (8th ward) have facilitated several large group discussions on the subject of prostitution. They have encouraged city agencies to work on the problem. By responding to the issues raised by certain neighborhoods, they are responsible for the successes that some neighborhoods have experienced to date.
The Recommended State:
[Use for prior summary: The City Council should work with MCAP’s subcommittee Stripping Away the Lies to explore model city ordinances which have been successful in closing businesses that are illegal fronts for prostitution in other cities. MCAP notes the appearance of lack of will on the part of the city council body to address the operations of illegal systems of inner city prostitution as well as the proliferation of the sex industry zoned for downtown Minneapolis.] MCAP encourages the city council to examine how the legal sex industry intersects with illegal prostitution and its harmful effects on women and the community. The city council should coordinate with th courts, Hennepin County and Minnesota state officials to hold johns accountable as sex offenders. Support transitional housing specific to prostituted women and/or a Prostitution Recovery Center.
Summary
Prior State:
Current State:
1. Some council members facilitate 1) community discussion regarding
prostitution, 2) encourage city agencies to deal with the problem of
prostitution, 3) respond to community concerns regarding prostitution.
2. Behind other similarly sized cities in regulating adult businesses.
Recommended State:
1. Work with the Minnesota Coalition Against Prostitution’s subcommittee Stripping Away the Lies to explore ways in which to abate the proliferation of the sex industry.
2. Amend and strengthen city public nuisance ordinance.
3. Facilitate and fund the creation of a john school.
4. Support transitional housing specific to prostituted women and/or a Prostitution Recovery Center.
MINNESOTA STATE LEGISLATURE
The Current State:
For the most part, the legislature has demonstrated a fundamental willingness to work with neighborhood organizations on issues that affect livability and safety. Individual legislators have sponsored bills created or suggested by neighborhood organizations, and have lobbied their colleagues to support them. MCAP thanks to Representative Karen Clark, Representative Linda Wecjman, and Senator Linda Berglin for their work against prostitution.
The Recommended State:
The State Legislature should work with MCAP to enhance existing legislations or to develop new legislation that will address the problem of pimps and will allow for their arrest and prosecution. Legislation should be created which eradicates barriers to jobs and housing for women trying to escape prostitution. For example, changing the process of expunging the prostitution convictions for prostituted women. The State Legislature should set aside funding for transitional and permanent housing and a Prostitution Recovery Center for women escaping prostitution. Legislative language should be created to mandate that a percentage of the fines generated from the arrest and conviction of johns go to advocacy groups specifically assisting women and children to leave prostitution. MCAP also encourages the creation of legislation which provides protection and support for prostituted women and children who testify against pimps who benefit from prostituting them.
Finally, the State Legislature should amend the appropriate portions of the State Public Nuisance statute (specifically 617.81 and 617.88) to allow business violations of city, county or state licensing codes to become predicate offenses which prosecutors’ offices may cite in petitions for public nuisance abatement and injunctive relief.
Summary
Prior State:
Current State:
1. Willingness to work with neighborhood organizations.
2. Legislators have lobbied neighborhood interests to others.
Recommended State: 1. Legislative endorsement of this document.
2. Create legislation enhancing remedies regarding pimps.
3. Expand “safe zones” to include john and pimp activity.
4. Remove barriers to jobs/housing for rehabilitated women.
5. Fund transitional/permanent housing for prostituted women and support
a Prostitution Recovery Center.
6. Allocate part of john fines to advocacy organizations working with
prostituted women and girls and community initiatives to reduce
prostitution.
7. Protect women and children who testify against pimps.
8. Amend nuisance law to include city license violations.
HEALTH AND SERVICES
The Current State:
While Minneapolis is ahead of many cities in offering health and safety services to prostituted women and children, MCAP believes that the services available are still inadequate to support the city’s growing prostitution problem. Organizations that provide social services to prostituted women and children have observed that critical resources are severely strained. Furthermore, many health care and social service professionals do not recognize and respond to the needs of prostituted women and children.
MCAP subcommittee Health Intervention Model is working with Hennepin County Medical Center to develop health intervention models to create a continuum of care for prostituted women.
The Recommended State:
More services, such as mobile outreach, [family clinic route]drop-in centers, low threshold emergency and transitional housing, financial assistance to transition out of prostitution, and health and chemical treatment programs programs should be made available to victims of prostitution (such as a Prostitution Recovery Center with chemical dependency treatment, a sexual trauma mental health unit, and transitional housing all on one campus).
Training to educate health care and social service professionals about prostitution and the needs of prostituted persons. Physicians, nurses and social workers should be trained to ask women and children if they are being used in prostitution, just as they are now trained to ask them if they are victims of sexual assault or domestic violence. If the answer is “yes”, a formal procedure for counseling and the automatic provision of services should be in place, just as it is now for victims of sexual assault or domestic violence .
Summary
Prior State:
Current State:
1. Some services available, but it is clearly not adequate
2. Most health care/social service professionals are untrained.
3. MCAP subcommittee Health Intervention Model in place at HCMC.
Recommended State: 1. Generally increase services for prostituted persons:
a) Mobile outreach and drop-in centers.
b) Low-threshold emergency/transitional/permanent housing.
c) Creation of a Prostitution Recovery Center for women escaping prostitution.
d) Financial assistance for those escaping prostitution.
2. Education and AIDS/HIV/STD prevention intervention programs.
3. Operations of a John School.
4. Training for health care and social service professionals.
5. Automatic provision of services to persons who answer “yes” to being asked if
they’re being used in prostitution.
COMMUNITY AND NEIGHBORHOOD ORGANIZATIONS
The Current State:
Many inner city neighborhoods have already experienced the urban blight and decay that accompanies prostitution. Many neighborhoods have mobilized block clubs and collaborate with SAFE Units to do street surveillance, identify of crack houses and other problem addresses, and collecti license plate numbers and descriptions for the “dear john” letter program. There have been block club meeting, sauna pickets, and most recently, the evolution of the original task force into the Coalition Against Prostitution.
Some communities still believe that prostitution is someone else’s problem; that it does not touch them. The community is not informed on the realities and dynamics of prostitution, the motivation of johns, and the lack of options for prostituted women and children. On the other hand, some communities have realized that to become involved to create the solution.
For example, 1) Southside Prostitution Taskforce provides Urban Tours for citizens to witness the ugliness of prostitution and the predatory behavior of johns and pimps, 2) advocacy organizations such as PRIDE of Family & Children’s Service and Breaking Free provide community education, develop public policies to benefit prostituted women and girls, and 3) MCAP formed to provide a vehicle for citizens to create and participate in providing solutions to eradicate prostitution.
The Recommended State:
Neighborhoods that have been fighting against prostitution recognize that only a formal, organized partnership between all private and public sectors will eliminate prostitution and related crimes. MCAP is calling for all community organizations, agencies, and institutions to unite behind the message and directives of this document. Through partnership, education and action, everyone should understand the harm of prostitution on the lives of prostituted women and children, our neighborhoods, our businesses, our society, and on our lives. Together we can move forward for change.
Summary
Prior State:
Current State:
1. Protests and public demonstrations.
2. Street surveillance and “problem” address identification.
3. Photographing or videotaping johns and pimps.
4. Collecting license plates for the dear john letters.
5. Block club meetings, community initiatives, agency involvement, and
the creation of this document.
Recommended State:
1. Recognition that the problem is Metro wide and endemic.
2. Adoption of this document by neighborhoods, agencies and institutions.
3. Collaborations between all institutions analyzed herein.
4. Creation of working partnerships with one another.
5. If in agreement with MCAP’s mission and philosophy, formal
membership involvement.
