A robot is a machine that gathers information about its environment (senses) and uses that information (thinks) to follow instructions to do work (acts).

The term robot was introduced by Czech writer Karel Èapek in his play R.U.R. Karel Capek wrote with intelligence and humor on a wide variety of subjects. His works are known for their intresting and precise descriptions of reality, and Capek is renowned for his excellent work with the Czech language. He is perhaps best known as a science fiction author, who wrote long before science fiction became established as a separate genre.

The world’s first working robot joined the assembly line at the General Motors plant in Ewing Township in the spring of 1961. Robots are typically used for picking up stuff left on floors such as nuts, coins, and dirt. Robots are increasingly used in manufacturing (since 1960s). In auto industry they can amount for more than half of the "labor". There are even "lights off" factories such as an IBM keyboard manufacturing factory in Texas that are 100% automated. Caterpillar plans to develop remote controlled machines and expects to develop fully autonomous heavy robots by 2021. Some cranes already remote controlled.For robotics, the '40s and '50s were full of over-the-top ideas. The invention of the transistor in 1948 increased the rate of electronic growth and the possibilities seemed endless. Ten years later, the creation of silicon microchips reinforced that growth. The Westinghouse robot Elecktro showed how far how far science and imagination could go. The seven-foot robot could smoke and play the piano. Ads from the era suggest that every household would soon have a robot. Real robot is a genre of Japanese animation. The genre contains robots that are powered by conventional power sources and weapons that could be explained by real world science, and these robots used ranged weapons(especially guns and cannons)and speed to survive battle situations.

The vast majority of robots do have several qualities in common. First of all, almost all robots have a movable boby. Some only have motorized wheels, and others have dozens of movable segments. Robots spin wheels and pivot jointed segments with some sort of actuator. Some robots use electric motors and solenoids as actuators; some use a hydraulic system; and some use a pneumatic system (a system driven by compressed gases). Robots may use all these actuator types.A robot needs a power source to drive these actuators. Most robots either have a battery or they plug into the wall. Hydraulic robots also need a pump to pressurize the hydraulic fluid, and pneumatic robots need an air compressor or compressed air tanks. wikipedia Robots. wikipedia Karel Kapek. ghsteched