What is a Pronoun? Pg 2

A pronoun can replace a noun or another pronoun. You use pronouns like "he," "which," "none," and "you" to make your sentances less cumbersome and less repetitive. Grammarians classify pronouns into several types, including the personal pronoun, the demonstrative pronoun, the interrogative pronoun, the indefinite pronoun, the relative pronoun, the reflexive pronoun, and the intensive pronoun.

http://grammar.ccc.commnet.edu/grammar/cgi-shl/quiz.pl/pronouns_add1.htm

http://grammar.ccc.commnet.edu/grammar/cgi-shl/quiz.pl/pronouns_add2.htm

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Pronouns and Their Antecedents pg 39

A pronoun is used in place of a noun or nouns. Common pronouns include he, her, him, I, it, me, she, them, they, us, and we. Here are some examples:

INSTEAD OF: Luma is a good athlete.

She is a good athlete. (The pronoun she replaces Luma.)

INSTEAD OF: The beans and tomatoes are fresh-picked.

They are fresh-picked. (The pronoun they replaces the beans and tomatoes.)

An antecedent is the noun which the pronoun is replacing. A few examples would be Clara, New York, and spoon. Often a pronoun takes the place of a particular noun. This noun is known as the antecedent. A pronoun "refers to," or directs your thoughts toward, its antecedent.

Let's call Luma and ask her to join the team. (Her is a pronoun; Luma is its antecedent.)

To find a pronoun's antecedent, ask yourself what that pronoun refers to. What does her refer to in the sentence above—that is, who is the her? The her in the sentence is Luma; therefore, Luma is the antecedent.

Rule for Pronouns and Antecedents:

A pronoun must agree with its antecedent. Therefore, if the antecedent is plural, use a plural pronoun; if the antecedent
is feminine, use a femininepronoun, and so on.

Say you wrote this sentence:
Mr. Hufnagle gave Mr. Hufnagle's pen to Mr. Hufnagle's wife, Mrs. Hufnagle; Mrs. Hufnagle was grateful for the pen.
You would be reduced to this sorry state were it not for the delightful and ever useful little pronoun. Thanks to Mr. Pronoun, you can write this graceful sentence instead:

Mr. Hufnagle gave his pen to his wife, Mrs. Hufnagle; she was grateful for it.

A pronoun is a word used in place of a noun or another pronoun. Pronouns help you avoid unnecessary repetition in your writing and speech.

A pronoun gets its meaning from the noun it stands for. The noun is called the antecedent. Here's an example:

Although Seattle is damp
it is my favorite city.

antecedent
pronoun

Of course, there are different kinds of pronouns. Most of them have antecedents, but a few do not.

http://www.towson.edu/ows/exercisep-aagr.htm

Indefinite Pronouns pg 40

An indefinite pronoun refers to an indefinite, or general, person or thing. Indefinite pronouns include all, any, both, each, everyone, few, many, neither, none, nothing, several, some, and somebody.

Something smells good.

Many like salsa with their chips.

An indefinite pronoun may look like an indefinite adjective, but it is used differently in a sentence: it acts as a pronoun, taking the place of a noun.

Some common indefinite pronouns are:

Singular: another both everything nothing any each neither one anybody either nobody somebody anyone everybody

none someone anything everyone no one something Plural: all few more much several both many most plenty some

Examples: singular - Somebody was stealing my car. plural - Many were saying that they liked the book.

Indefinite pronouns can only be classified as pronouns if they are used alone. If they are used with a noun, then they become indefinite adjectives.

Examples: pronoun: Both agreed that surgery was the only solution. adjective: Both doctors agreed that surgery was the

only solution. "Both" becomes an indefinite adjective in the second sentence because it modifies the noun "doctors."

 pronoun: Several have marvelled at the Eiffel Tower. adjective: Several tourists have marvelled at the Eiffel Tower.

 "Several" becomes an indefinite adjective in the second sentence because it modifies the noun "tourists."

http://www.englishexercises.org/makeagame/viewgame.asp?id=1761

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Possessive Pronouns and Contractions pg 37

A possessive pronoun tells you who owns something. The possessive pronouns are hers, his, its, mine, ours, theirs, and yours.

The red basket is mine.

Yours is on the coffee table.

		Singular	Plural
first person	determiner:	my (book)	our (book)
	pronoun:	mine	ours
second person	determiner:	your (book)	your (book)
	pronoun:	yours	yours
third person	determiner:	is, her, its (book)	their (book)
	pronoun:	his, hers, its	theirs

depends on the noun "book." The possessive  "yours" is a pronoun which stands in the place of "your book".

 When you drive to Manitoba, will you take your car or theirs? The possessive determiner "your" depends on the noun

 "car." The possessive pronoun, "theirs," stands in the place of the noun  phrase, "their car."

Contrations and Possessive nouns

Because pronouns do not follow the standard rules for forming possessives and contractions, telling the difference between a possessive pronoun and a pronoun contraction can be difficult.

The inflections of most English words are not affected by case. That is, most words are spelled and pronounced the same way no matter where they appear in a sentence. Pronouns, however, are modified according to whether they are being used in the first, second or third person, and whether they are being used as the subject or object of the verb. Consider, for example, the personal pronoun in the first, second, and third person singular nominative case:

First person	I
Second person	you
Third person	he/she

In the objective case (the object of the verb) the pronouns are quite different:

First person	me
Second person	you
Third person	him/her

When forming possessives, the differences are similarly dramatic:

First person	my
Second person	your
Third person	his/her

The general rule for forming possessives from nouns is to add “'s” to the end of the word. Among pronouns, this rule only applies to “it.” However, the contraction of a noun and “is” is formed by the same rule. To avoid confusion (though the result can be just as confusing), the apostrophe ( ' ) is removed from the possessive of “it.”

Possessive	“it”	its
Contraction	“it is”	it's

The second person possessive pronoun “your” presents a similar problem. The contraction of “you” + “are” is “you're,” according to the general rule. The possessive form of “you” is “your,” which is spelled almost the same and is pronounced exactly the same in most dialects. This causes a good deal of confusion even for native English speakers:

Possessive	“you”	your
Contraction	“you are”	you're

The pronoun “they” also has several homonyms (words that sound the same but are spelled differently and have different meanings):

Possessive	“they”	their
Contraction	“they are”	they're
Adberve of place	there

http://www.pasd.wednet.edu/school/sms/la8/grammar/6pronouns/pt4possessivecontraction1.htm

Pronoun problems: We/Us, Who/Whom pg 38

When to use the subject pronoun “we”:

Use the pronoun “we” when it is the subject of a sentence or when it renames the subject of a sentence. Take a look at these examples:

“We Americans cherish our freedom.”

“Us Americans cherish our freedom.”

The word “Americans” is the subject, and the pronoun simply renames it, so the first sentence with “We” is correct.

To ensure that you choose the correct pronoun, eliminate every word except the pronoun and the verb. You should be left with a clause that still makes sense: “We cherish” vs. “us cherish.” The correct choice is obvious: “We cherish.”

“We birds of a feather flock together” contains another example of a pronoun that renames the subject. “Birds” is the subject of the sentence, so the correct pronoun is “We.”

When to use the object pronoun “us”:

Use the pronoun “us” as a direct object, an indirect object and the object of a preposition. Examples:

In the sentence “Our company flew us to Bangkok for a conference,” “us” is serving as the direct object.

In the sentence “Please send us a proof of the letter by Monday,” “us” is serving as the indirect object.

In the sentence “The holiday bonuses were greatly appreciated by us employees,” “us” is the object of the preposition “by.” Note: In this case, changing the sentence from passive to active tense would be a big improvement: “We employees greatly appreciated the holiday bonuses.” If you made that change, the pronoun would once again be renaming the subject, so “We” would be correct.

Who and Whom

Who and whom correspond to he and him. Who is the subject or predicate nominative. Whom is the object.

Correct: Who are you? (Subject)
Correct: Whom do you see? (Direct object)

Correct: Whom did you give it to?
(Object of preposition to)
Correct: Who did that? (Subject)

It may help you to recall that who follows the same pattern as he and they. When all three are in the objective case, they end with m: whom, him, them.

This same pattern applies when you add the suffix -ever or -soever:

Correct: Whoever dies with the most toys wins.
(Subject)

Correct: He gave that ticket to whoever asked for one.
(Subject of asked)
Correct: Pick whomever I tell you to. (Direct object)

http://grammar.ccc.commnet.edu/grammar/cgi-shl/quiz.pl/who_quiz.htm

http://grammar.ccc.commnet.edu/grammar/quizzes/cases_quiz1.htm **********************************************************************************************************************************************************************

Pronoun Review

http://www.quia.com/pop/35480.html?AP_rand=1381890330

http://m.youtube.com/#/watch?v=koZFca8AkT0&desktop_uri=%2Fwatch%3Fv%3DkoZFca8AkT0

Although Seattle is damp	it is my favorite city.
antecedent	pronoun