Middle-Earth Neologisms
-:- December 2016
Q U E N Y A
*arinyata- "to antedate, move up" (v) (< adj. arinya) —— *emya- "to depict, portray" (v) (< EM) —— *enárëa "tomorrow's" (adj) (< enar "tomorrow", PE22:124) —— *hëarcarampa "a far-talking means" (n) (< KHAYA [-dă, WJ:366]; KARAP) —— *ilyaitë, *ilquaitë, *ilquaima "every kind of" (adj) (< IL) —— *lametë, *latyelë "infinity" (n) —— *lauya- "to warm up, become warmer" (v) (< LAW; cf. TIW) —— *mauya-mo, -ro "oppressor, tyrant" (n) (< MBAW) —— *mittamen, *min(n)atië "entrance" (n) (< MI; MEN; TEG) —— *muin-ë, -ië, *muinat "a secret" (n) (< MUY; NĀ) —— *nómessëa "local" (adj) (< nómë) —— *óquen-wë, -wië "dialogue, interchange of words" (n) (< WO; KWET + PE17:68) —— *tulwië "future, posterity" (n) (< TUL) —— *ustulya- "to mislead" (v) (prefix us- : PE17:151)
:: See also : tolkiengateway.net/wiki/Parma_Eldalamberon ::
S I N D A R I N
*aif (pl. *îf ) "same" (adj) (OS *imia < IM) —— *ann-as, -ed (cf. breged ), *andred "length" (n) (< AN-AD) —— *(m)barphaeth "home-speech, native tongue" (n) (< bâr + paeth) —— *(m)beleitha- "to magnify" (v) (cp. PE17:115) —— *bŷl "a single favour, service" (n) (OS *beule < BEW) —— *ceiria- "to cause, bring about" (v) (< KYAR) —— *cennada- "to show, present, cause to be seen" (v) (< KEN) —— *cofra- "to empty" (v) (< KUM) —— *cullavan, *cyllavan "beast of burden" (n) (< KOL; LAM) —— *(dan)nidh(ia)-, nídhra-, ninna- "to lean on, against" (v) (< NID #1) —— *eil, *ail "you" (polite pn) (< OS *elie, per Gateway § 4.105) —— *enedh-ia-, -ra- "to focus" (v) (< (É)NED) —— *eneth-on, -wor "with-name, famous" (adj) —— *enia- "to be born" (v) (< ONO; cf. ORO) —— *esc vs. *eg(e)n "else, other" (adj) (< ES-EK, EK-ES) —— *escar "a weapon" (n) (< SKAR; cf. echil, escal ) —— *gwenwi "past, Vergangenheit" (n) (OS *wanwiie < WAN) —— *gwîr (II) "own, private" (adj) (OS *wīra < (E)WE) —— *gwistanneth "a change, alternation" (n) (< WIS) —— *hio, *hō, *aich "in front of" (prep) (< KHYĀ/*AKHYA, PE22) —— *íphathred "age of a person" (n) (< adj. íphant) —— *meru "valuable, worthy" (adj) (< MIR whence Q mirwa) —— *mûn "a womb" (n) (< MŌ-N) —— *(oh)emma- "to depict or describe" (v) (< OS; EM) —— *padol, *panu (*panwe < *patmā) "a key" (n) (< PAT) —— *rae, -thir "a smile" (n) (< RAYA; STIR) —— *rennada-, *(ad)renna- "to remind" (v) (< REN) —— *taed "such, that kind of" (adj) (< OS *taite : cf. Q, VT49:11) —— *taugla- "to withstand, resist" (v) (< taug, PE17:115) —— tisca- "to tickle" (v) (< Gn., PE11:70) —— *tuithron, *godognir, [f.] *tuithien "a guide" (n) (< TUK) —— *tylwi or *telwi "future" (n) (OS *tulwiie < TUL; cp. cyry < *kurwi vs. tegi < *tukiie)
:: See also : Salo, David: A Gateway to Sindarin (The University of Utah Press, 2004/2007) ::
A D Û N A I C
*anagâni "mortal, perishable" (adj) (< Ad. GAN) —— *awab- / *ub- "to precede, go before" (v) (< Ad. ʔAW'B, ʔUB in ob-roth) —— *bā̆itha, *bâith "speaking" (n) —— *bîthân / *bithan "dictum, proverb" (n) —— *bakh- or *bu(ru)kh- "to be able, can" (v) (< POL : cp. TUL = Ad. NAKH) —— *dalbatân "tunnel, underpass" (n) —— *har-ag/ak- [ h vs. k ] "to enchant" (v) (< LUK; see below) —— *lâya-th, -d "metal" (n) (< RAW-T; cf. lôkh- [LAW'KH] = RAYAK, zâyan = 'NDAW-R') —— *(m)azak ~ *(m)âzik "bed" (n) (< Q caima; per the equation of balak & calpa || with /m-/ obs. MORÓK = _urug) —— *minul-sakal or -sakla "horizon" (n) (Finn. taivaan-ranta) —— *-nadad "behind, after" (ppos) (< Ad. NAD) —— #narad "soldiery, army" (coll n) (< nardû ; cf. gimil, kulub ) —— *nig(iC)- / *nayag- "to end" (v) (back-formation from W. neg "an end") —— *-obad or *-(â)ubad "in front of, ahead of" (ppos) —— *pha(ra)th- or *phu(ru)th- "to eat" (v) (< MAT) —— *thu(ru)kh- vs. *khubul- [ u vs. a ] "to carry" (v) (< KOL : khibil = N. celw < KEL?) —— *zar-ag/ak- [ z vs. th ] "to use, employ" (v) (< YUK : consider Eld. NUK = W. naRag-, KAN [PE14] = W. thaRan-) —— *zira-th, -d "nine" (num) (< NRT < NETER per Ad. HAZ'D = OTOS & other such 'metatheses'; the middle consonant might also be /n/ as in BAN = PER, GAN = ÑGUR or WAR)
C = one of the consonants /b/, /d/, /r/, /s/, /t/, /th/ (= the ultimas in attested triconsonantal verbs), */z/ (≈ Quenya -ya- ?)
:: See also : Codex Regius: Words of Westernesse (CreateSpace Independent Publishing Platform, 2014) ::
B L A C K S P E E C H / O R C I S H
*ash-ra (-la), *(a)shā̆gh "sea, ocean" (n) (< Ad; per ZAG'R *= Saur. SHAG'R) —— *bárz- "ripe, ready" (adj) (< Gn. marn) —— *bogh-or, -ol "dream, -state" (n) (< Qe. maurë, Gn. maur id.) —— *bolg-, *buglúg/k-, *bogro(n)k- "to be greedy (for)" (v) (< MIL-IK) —— *bosk- [ o vs. i ] "to stray, wander" (v) (< MIS) —— *dalg-, *thralg- [ etc. ] "to affirm, avail, support" (v) (< TUL-UK) —— *grā̆l(V)b "river" (n) (< Q celumë) —— *grisk- [ or #grish (< Q -ssë, -sto) +verb-element ] "to cut, slash" (v) (< KIRIS or RIS) —— *haz-g, *hiz-(a)g, -ug "trip, journey" (n) (< Q lenda) —— *hazthr- / *hizthr- "to fall" (v) (< LANT) —— *honk "musical sound, note" (n) (< Q lingë) – pl. ~ū̆l or ~ug = "music" —— *k(h)razog "smart, intelligent" (adj) (< *khanadā = Q handa) —— *(o)krosh, *(u)krush, *k(h)rush(a) "troop" (n) (< KHOTH; Qe. hossë) —— *shagr-ash/-ush "battle, skirmish" (n) (< Q -ssë, Gn. -thi ) —— *-ú(z)k adjective-forming suffix (CE *-i(ñ)kʷā, *-uñkʷā) —— *uzut ~ *(g)uzt(û) "one of the Ents" (n) (< ONOT; cf. Gn. ûl = B.S. gûl )
:: See also : Rosenfelder, Mark: The Language Construction Kit (Yonagu Books, 2010), pages 13-15 ::