Investigation

Plain X-rays are of limited value in the assessment of sinus disease. A minimum of four views namely occipitomental, occipitofrontal, submentovertical and lateral views are required to demonstrate the paranasal sinuses adequately. Computerised tomography (CT) scanning is far superior in demonstrating sinus pathology. Coronal and axial scans are necessary for detailed assessment.

Nasal airway resistance can be assessed by means of rhinomanometry which can be performed by either active or passive techniques. It may be used to quantify pre- and post-medical and surgical treatment for nasal obstruction and for the assessment of response to treatments for rhinitis.

Both rigid and flexible naso endoscopes can be used for direct visualisation of the nasal fossa and the paranasal sinuses. Endoscopic techiques can be used for diagnosis and treatment.