Introduction
Vast numbers of clinical publications are
printed in the surgical literature every year. Many are flawed and it is
important that a surgeon trainee has the skills to examine critically research
done by others. In addition, a surgeon should be able both to design and to
complete an original study. Performing research can be arduous and
time-consuming. However, surgical research is good for society as it advances
medicine, it is good for patients as the clinical outcome is often improved for
patients in clinical trials, and it is good for surgeons as it is a way of
keeping track of personal clinical results. In addition, much clinical work is
tedious and repetitive. Rigorous evaluation of even the simplest techniques and
conditions can help to keep the surgical brain active throughout a long career
and ensure a good outcome for the patient.
The
earlier a surgeon develops skills in surgical research the better. The hardest
trial to do, or article to write, is the first. The best way to develop a
critical understanding of the research of others is to perform studies of your
own. It is unlikely that the first piece written by any surgeon will be an earth
shattering randomised trial. Starting small is often the best way.
This
chapter contains all the information required to complete a randomised trial.
Using it, a surgeon will be armed to write a surgical paper and to evaluate
research carried out by others.