However, naming convention problem started since then. There seemed never been any institute liked to be called as XXX branch. In 1921, Shanghai Industrial Institute was firstly renamed to 'JiaoTong University', but did not add Shanghai Branch to its name. Beijing Railway Institute, Tangshan Industrial Institute and Beijing Posts and Telecommunications Institute then jointly agreed to be renamed to China JiaoTong University, Railway Branch Tangshan Branch and Posts and Telecommunication Branch, respectively. But Beijing Railway Institute was firstly renamed to China JiaoTong University and did not add Railway Branch to its title. Therefore, Tangshan Industrial Institute was renamed to Tangshan JiaoTong University and Beijing Posts and Telecommunications Institute remained its original name.

In 1949, Tangshan JiaoTong University was renamed to Tangshang Railway Insitute and China JiaoTong University was renamed back to Beijing Railway Institute. From 1955 to 1959, naming convention problem started to be solved. In 1955, Tangshan Railway Institute was renamed to Southwest JiaoTong University (XJTU), Beijing Railway Institute was renamed to Northern JiaoTong University (NJTU). Unfortunately, Beijing Posts and Telecommunications Institue (now called Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications) was then separated from JiaoTong University because of the establishment of Ministry of Posts and Telecommunications of PRC. But Northern JiaoTong University and Southwest JiaoTong University still remained its alias with JiaoTong University despite they were both seperated from Ministry of Communications to Ministry of Railways of PRC.

Only 'JiaoTong University' (Shanghai Industrial Institute) itself was still adminstered by the Ministry of Communications after changes of political power of the government. At the same year, the major educational force of 'JiaoTong University' (Shanghai Industrial Institute) moved to XiAn and established a "JiaoTong University" in XiAn. This move diluted the educational force of 'JiaoTong University' (Shanghai Industrial Institute) enormously.

In 1958, HsingChu JiaoTong University (HJTU) was established in Taiwan by overseas alumni of JiaoTong University.

In 1959, "JiaoTong University" was renamed to XiAn JiaoTong University (X'JTU), and 'JiaoTong University' was renamed to Shanghai JiaoTong University (SJTU). But till now, both XiAn JiaoTong University and Shanghai JiaoTong University never put XiAn or Shanghai before JiaoTong University as their titles in the main gate. They are both called themselves as JiaoTong University. In fact, they are both a fraction of 'JiaoTong University' (Shanghai Industrial Institute) from educational force point of view.

Till now, Shanghai JiaoTong University and XiAn JiaoTong University are adminstered by Ministry of Communications of PRC. Northern JiaoTong University and Southwest JiaoTong University are adminstered by Ministry of Railway of PRC and Hsinchu JiaoTong University is adminstered by Ministry of Communications of Taiwan.

For over a century, despites their name battles and changes of administrations, graduates of JiaoTong University contributed their knowledge and intelligence to each society and made enormous achievements on almost every aspect of the fields in China and Taiwan, especially become the founders of their communications and railway systems. Alumni of JiaoTong University have made great contributions to the world civillization history. Please visit their homepages.